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1. Automatic Dream Sentiment Analysis

Author

Nadeau, David, Sabourin, Catherine, De Koninck, Joseph, Matwin, Stan, and Turney, Peter D.

Subjects
Computer Science: Language, Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence, Language, Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

In this position paper, we propose a first step toward automatic analysis of sentiments in dreams. 100 dreams were sampled from a dream bank created for a normative study of dreams. Two human judges assigned a score to describe dream sentiments. We ran four baseline algorithms in an attempt to automate the rating of sentiments in dreams. Particularly, we compared the General Inquirer (GI) tool, the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), a weighted version of the GI lexicon and of the HM lexicon and a standard bag-of-words. We show that machine learning allows automating the human judgment with accuracy superior to majority class choice.

Published
2006

4. The Dream Experience and Its Relationship with Morning Mood in Adolescents Hospitalized after a Suicide Attempt.

Author

Desjardins, Emma, Gaber, Lina, Larkin, Emily, Benoit, Antoine, Boafo, Addo, and De Koninck, Joseph

Subjects
DREAMS, LIFE change events, ATTEMPTED suicide, PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, NIGHTMARES
Abstract

Suicidality in adolescents has been associated with emotional distress, stressful life events, relationship issues, and nightmares to name a few. This study explored the actual dream content and the mood at pre-sleep, during a reported dream, and in the morning in 33 adolescents admitted to the hospital on account of a suicide attempt. In all aspects, hospitalized adolescents were compared to 33 matched adolescents who had followed the same protocol. In accordance with the Continuity and the Threat Simulation theories of dream formation, it was hypothesized that the waking-life experiences of suicidal adolescents would transpire in both dream mood and content as well as in the frequency of nightmares. Dreams were analyzed by independent judges using traditional dream content scales, including for the presence of negative and destructive themes and types of interpersonal relationships. As predicted, more suicidal adolescents experienced frequent nightmares, which was significant. A higher negative mood at pre-sleep, within dreams, and at post-sleep was also observed. Furthermore, their dreams contained a higher prevalence of destructive themes and failures, as well as self-directed and death-resulting aggressions. Regression analyses indicated that morning mood was most accurately predicted by positive and negative dream mood in the normative adolescents, whereas only negative dream mood appeared to predict subsequent waking affect in suicidal participants. Our results underline the valuable potential of implementing nightmare-reducing therapies in the presence of suicidal adolescents who suffer from frequent nightmares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use is associated with worse sleep-related breathing disturbances in individuals with depressive disorders and sleep complaints: a retrospective study

Author

Robillard, Rébecca, primary, Saad, Mysa, additional, Ray, Laura B., additional, BuJáki, Brad, additional, Douglass, Alan, additional, Lee, Elliott K., additional, Soucy, Louis, additional, Spitale, Naomi, additional, De Koninck, Joseph, additional, and Kendzerska, Tetyana, additional

Published
2021
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25. Free Communication Abstracts

Author

Kaul, Prashan T., Passafiume, Jasonm, O’Hara, Bruce F., Vetrivelan, Ramalingam, Mallick, Hruda Nanda, Kumar, Velayadhan Mohan, Zhan, G.-X., Serrano, F., Fenik, P., Hsu, R., Kong, L., Pratico, D., Klann, E., Veasey, S. C., Mahapatra, Ambika Prasad K., Kumar, Velayudhan Mohan, Kuwaki, Tomoyuki, Den, Ben-Shiang, Nakamura, Akira, Zhang, Wei, Yanagisawa, Masashi, Fukuda, Yasuichiro, Andersen, Monica L., Tufik, Sergio, Antunes, Isabela B., Perry, Juliana C., Tufik, S., Andersen, M. L., Batista, M. C., Calzavara, M. B., Costa, J. L., Frussa-Filho, Désarnaud, F., Murillo-Rodriguez, E., Gerashchenko, D., Shiromani, S., Lin, L., Nishino, S., Mignot, E., Shiromani, P. J., Blanco-Centurion, Carlos, Shiromani, Priyattam J., Ling, L., Xu, M., Blanco-Centurion, C., Mikko, Härmä, Mikael, Sallinen, Jain, Shamini, Mills, Paul J., Liu, Lianqi, Ancoli-Israel, Sonia, Haimov, I., Breznitz, N., Shiloh, S., Silvestri, R., Aricò, I., Mento, G., Gagliano, A., Calarese, T., di Perri, C., Epstein, R., Tzischinsky, O., Naveh, R., Herer, P., Pillar, G., Adami, H., Lavie, P., Marks, Gerald A., Sachs, Oren, Birabil, Christian C., Roky, Rachida, Benaji, Brahim, Benchekroun, Majda Taoudi, Chapotot, Florian, Buguet, Alain, Rao, Uma, Poland, Russell E., Puvanendran, K., Mishima, Yumiko, Mishima, Kazuo, Hozumi, Satoshi, Shimizu, Tetsuo, Hishikawa, Yasuo, Toledo, Juan C., Koyama, Yoshimasa, Kayama, Yukihiko, Iwasaki, Hiroshi, Kawauchi, Akihiro, Miki, Tsuneharo, Yaegashi, Hironobu, Takahashi, Yasuro, Inoue, Yuichi, Ishiura, Daiki, Yamamoto, Keisuke, Nakao, Mitsuyuki, Katayama, Norihito, Yamamoto, Mitsuaki, Matsumoto, Yasuhiro, Satoh, Kohtoku, Tozawa, Takuma, Lack, Leon, Bramwell, Toby, Wright, Helen, Gradisar, Michael, Storrs, P., Mckenna, F., Hume, K., Loshkarev, Alexander A., Rodionova, Elena I., Levichkina, Ekaterina V., Pigarev, Ivan N., de Koninck, Joseph, Maganti, Rama, Biswas, Amit, Kiyashchenko, Lyudmila I., Mileykovskiy, Boris Y., Siegel, Jerome M., Methippara, Melvi, Kumar, Sunil, Alam, Noor, Szymusiak, Ronald, Mcginty, Dennis, Richardson, Heidi L., Parslow, Peter M., Walker, Adrian M., Harding, Richard, Horne, Rosemary S. C., Tzchishinsky, O., Shochat, T., Nictren, A., Portnoy, T., Peled, R., Bootzin, Richard, Aparicio, S., Garau, C., Rial, R. V., Nicolau, M. C., Rivero, M., Esteban, S., Barriga, M. C., Kuenzel, H. E., Steiger, A., Held, K., Antonijevic, I. A., Frieboes, R. M., Murck, H., Mairesse, Olivier, de Valck, Elke, Theuns, Peter, Cluydts, Raymond, Gvilia, I., Turner, A., Mcginty, D., Szymusiak, R., Lyamin, O. I., Mukhametov, L. M., Kosenko, P. O., Vyssotski, A. L., Lapierre, J. L., Pokidchenko, T. M., Lipp, H. P., Hsieh, Kc, Nguyen, D., Lai, Y. Y., Ramanathan, Lalini, Bashir, Muhammad-Tariq, Guzman-Marin, Ruben, Xu, Feng, Chew, Keng-Tee, Cassaglia, P., Griffiths, R., Walker, A. M., Grant, D. A., Wild, G. Zoccoli, Matsuura, Noriko, Adachi, Naomi, Kaji, Megumi, Aritomi, Ryoji, Basishvili, T., Gogichadze, M., Rukhadze, I., Emukhvari, N., Fujita, Etsunori, Ogura, Yumi, Ochiai, Naoki, Murata, Kohji, Kamei, Tsutomu, Ueno, Yoshiyuki, Kaneko, Shigehiko, Voss, U., Tuin, I., Kessler, K. R., Morales, B., Ziemann, U., Steinmetz, H., Auburger, G., Mishra, J. P. N., Pedemonte, Marisa, Bentancor, Claudia, Velluti, Ricardo A., Zoccoli, Giovanna, Grant, Daniel A., Wild, Jennene, de Gennaro, Luigi, Curcio, Giuseppe, Fratello, Fabiana, Marzano, Cristina, Moroni, Fabio, Pellicciari, Maria Concetta, Ferrara, Michele, Sforza, Emilia, Pal, Dinesh, Mallick, Birendra Nath, Hornung, Orla P., Regen, Francesca, Danker-Hopfe, Heidi, Dorn, Hans, Schredl, Michael, Heuser, Isabella, Rai, Seema, Alam, Md Noor, Aschbacher, Kirstin, Dimsdale, Joel E., Calleran, Susan, Ziegler, Michael G., Patterson, Thomas L., Grant, Igor, Kang, J.-S., Youngstedt, S. D., Kline, C. E., Zielinski, M., Lee, A., Devlin, T. M., Kripke, D. F., Regen, F., Dorn, H., Danker-Hopfe, H., Bassi, Alejandro, Vivaldi, Ennio A., Ocampo-Garcés, Adrian, Galland, Barbara, Tan, Evan, Taylor, Barry, Goulden, Marie, Peled, Nir, Shitrit, David, Kramer, Mordechai R., Dunleavy, Mark, Lane, Donncha, O’Halloran, Ken, Bradford, Aidan, Sverteczki, Melinda, Sándor, Lázár Alpár, Linda, Havrán, TamÁs, Kis, Péter, Rigó, Szilvia, Csóka, Robert, Bódizs, Mccarley, Robert W., Basheer, Radhika, Strecker, Robert E., Farooqui, Ausaf A., Gulia, Kamalesh K., Balakrishnan, D., Thirunavukkarasu, S., Edwin, R., Virudhagirinathan, B. S., Kumar, Deependra, and Srividya, Rajagopalan

Published
2005
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31. Psychiatric Admissions of Children and Adolescents Across School Periods and Daylight-Saving Transitions.

Author

Nixon, Ashley, De Koninck, Joseph, Greenham, Stephanie, Robillard, Rebecca, and Boafo, Addo

Subjects
*TIME series analysis, *ADOLESCENCE, *SEASONAL affective disorder, *ADOLESCENT psychiatry, *CHILDREN'S hospitals, *TEENAGERS, *CHILD psychiatry, *SCHOOL vacations
Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to examine fluctuations in admissions to a child and adolescent inpatient psychiatry unit in relation to school breaks, school starts, as well as time change transitions in and out of Daylight-Saving Time (DST). Methods: Five years (2012-2017) of youth inpatient admissions to a pediatric hospital in Ontario were retrieved (n=2,498). A sub-sample was grouped weekly, starting on the Sunday of each week for a total of 260 weekly time bins. The number of admissions during in and out of school periods, school starts in the fall and winter semester, and time change transitions were compared. Results: Admissions were significantly higher during school periods as opposed to out of school periods, and significantly increased from prior- to post-school starts. No significant difference in admission rates were found in and out of DST changes. Weekly time series analyses for DST changes and monthly time series analyses for school starts did not identify a significant seasonality in admissions. Conclusions: These findings suggest that school periods and school onset may be significant stressors associated with an increased rate of psychiatric admissions. The presence of potential compensating factors is proposed to explain the lack of relationship between pedopsychiatric admissions and time change transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

33. Could long-term administration of melatonin to prepubertal children affect timing of puberty? A clinician’s perspective

Author

Boafo,Addo, Greenham,Stephanie, Alenezi,Shuliweeh, Robillard,Rébecca, Pajer,Kathleen, Tavakoli,Paniz, and De Koninck,Joseph

Subjects
Nature and Science of Sleep, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Addo Boafo,1,2 Stephanie Greenham,1,3 Shuliweeh Alenezi,1,2 Rébecca Robillard,3,4 Kathleen Pajer,1,2 Paniz Tavakoli,1 Joseph De Koninck3,4 1Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada; 2Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; 3School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; 4Sleep Research Unit, Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada Abstract: Exogenous melatonin can be used to treat sleep disturbance in adults, children, and adolescents. While its short-term use is considered safe, there are some concerns that long-term use might delay children’s sexual maturation, possibly by disrupting the decline in nocturnal melatonin levels that occur at the onset of puberty. This narrative review aimed to summarize some of the current knowledge about the potential effects of exogenous melatonin on puberty. We found no clinical studies that experimentally tested the effects of melatonin on pubertal timing in children, but we reviewed the small number of observational studies. We also drew on animal data to try to answer our question. The photoperiod and melatonin-mediated seasonal transitions in sexual activity and breeding in some mammals across the seasons have been used as a model of sexual development in mammals, including humans. The switch from non-sexual activity (in the non-breeding period) to sexual activity (in the breeding period) has been likened to the onset of puberty as there are similarities between the two. We conclude that to investigate an association between melatonin and pubertal timing, it will be important to conduct long-term randomized controlled trials of latency age children and also examine the cellular and systems-level interactions between melatonin and kisspeptin, a recently identified neuropeptide with a locus of action at the gonadotropin releasing hormone neurons that is important in contributing to the timing of puberty onset. Keywords: melatonin, puberty, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-axis, kisspeptin, sleep disturbance

Published
2019

42. Le sommeil paradoxal et le traitement de l'information: Une exploration par l'inversion du champ visuel

Author

De Koninck, Joseph and Prevost, Francois

Subjects
Human information processing -- Physiological aspects, Sleep -- Physiological aspects, Visual perception -- Physiological aspects, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test the potential relationship between REM sleep and information processing with inversion of the visual field. In the first experiment, four male subjects slept in the laboratory for two sessions of 6 consecutive nights: 2 adaptation nights, 2 nights of polysomnography, and 2 nights of dream collection. During the days preceding Nights 3, 4, 5, and 6 of each session, the subjects wore glasses which, during the second session, completely inverted (rotation of 180[degrees]) their visual field. In a second experiment with four other male subjects, the order of conditions was reversed, and the experimental condition (visual inversion) was introduced a second time. When the data of the two experiments were combined, there was a significant (p < .01) increase in the percentage of REM sleep from Nights 3 and 4 of the control condition to Nights 3 and 4 of the visual inversion condition, but there was no significant change in any of the other sleep stages. There was a significant decrease in horizontal (p < .04) and vertical (p < .005) REM density and in the density of vertical REM bursts (p < .02). The increase in REM sleep supports the hypothesis that REM sleep contributes to information processing while the decrease in REM density suggests that this component of REM sleep may be involved in a homeostatic process of sensory input.

Published
1991

45. Pre-sleep and post-sleep mood as a complementary evaluation of emotionally impactful dreams

Author

Nixon, Ashley, Robidoux, Raphêlle, Dale, Allyson, and De Koninck, Joseph

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, mental disorders, impactful dreams, emotions, mood, humanities, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Impactful dreams are reported by the dreamer to have an effect on their waking mood. However, the time course relationship of negative and positive impactful dreams with pre-sleep and post-sleep mood has not been examined closely. A total of 32 participants (21 females) reported one dream self-rated as either very or extremely emotionally impactful and one dream self-rated as not at all emotionally impactful (mundane dream), totalling 64 dreams. Participants completed a dream diary as well as pre-sleep, dream, and post-sleep mood checklists. They also completed rating scales of the impact of their dreams. The Hall & Van de Castle method was used for dream coding and analysis. A dream containing more positive than negative emotions was classified as positively impactful and vice versa. The 2 x 3 analysis of variance demonstrated a significant difference between mundane dreams and both negative and positive impactful dreams. Overall, negative impactful dreams were associated with higher negative mood levels at pre-sleep, in dream, and at post-sleep, compared to mundane dreams. Conversely, positive impactful dreams were associated with more positive mood levels during the dream and at post-sleep, but not at pre-sleep. Correlational analyses demonstrated that in negative impactful dreams, negative dream mood strongly correlated with negative post-sleep mood. Similarly, in positive impactful dreams, positive dream mood strongly correlated with positive post-sleep mood. However, pre-sleep and dream mood, whether positive or negative, did not significantly correlate. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between pre-sleep and post-sleep positive mood in positive impactful dreams and mundane dreams. These results confirm that dream mood and post-sleep mood are positively related, further suggesting a potential effect on post-sleep mood. The absence of a relationship between pre-sleep and dream mood undermines the continuity theory as well as modern dream function theories for emotions. The threat simulation theory is also used to interpret results., International Journal of Dream Research, Vol 10, No 2 (October 2017)

Published
2017
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47. Managing Insomnia Using Lucid Dreaming Training: A Pilot Study.

Author

Ellis, Jason G., De Koninck, Joseph, and Bastien, Celyne H.

Subjects
*INSOMNIA, *COGNITIVE therapy, *LUCID dreams, *PILOT projects, *LABELS
Abstract

Objectives/Background: Despite Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) being considered the first-line treatment for insomnia, it is not without its challenges. As such it is worthwhile to consider, and test, alternative or adjuvant management options. Methods/Participants: The aim of the present study was to examine whether Lucid Dreaming Training for insomnia (LDT-I) impacted on insomnia, depressive and anxious symptomology in an open label trial of 48 adults with Insomnia Disorder. Participants completed the Insomnia Severity Index, General Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire at baseline then one month following LDT-I. Training consisted of four modules delivered over a period of two consecutive weeks. Results: The results suggest, albeit preliminarily, that LDT-I may have a place within the non-pharmacological management of insomnia, as there were significant reductions in insomnia severity (t(46) = 8.16,p <.001), anxious symptomology (t(46) = 4.75,p <.001) and depressive symptomology (t(46) = 5.87,p <.001). Further, the effect size in terms of pre-post reductions on ISI scores was large (dz 1.17). Conclusions: Whilst the results are promising, further testing of LDT-I is needed to inform its place amongst the non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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