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This study evaluated bond strength of glass fiber posts to root dentin using push‐out (PO) and diametral compression (DC), testing glycolic acid as a conditioner and varying dentin moisture. An additional aim was to test whether DC can be an alternative test to PO for bond strength assessment. Eighty bovine teeth were divided into eight groups (n = 10) defined by the use of either 37% glycolic acid or 37% phosphoric acid (PA) on moist or wet dentin before bonding with either Adapter SingleBond/RelyX ARC or One Step Plus/Duo‐Link Bisco. Each tooth provided discs with an internal diameter of 2 mm, external diameter of 5 mm, and height of 2 mm, which underwent PO and DC. Finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out on 3D models. When analyzing PO results through linear regression, the highest values of bond strength were observed using glycolic acid on wet dentin in the cervical and middle thirds of the teeth. Analyzing DC results, the only statistical influence on values was the dental thirds. The scatterplot of the DC results and the PO bond strength values indicated no relationship between the results of the two tests (r = 0.03; p = 0.64). PO test detected more sensitive changes in bond strength values than DC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the advancements in robotic surgery for dental implants. The authors conducted a search on the PubMed database and identified 46 articles related to dental implants and robotic surgery, with 25 of them published in 2023. The articles analyzed in 2023 showed that robotic surgery provides higher accuracy and precision in implant positioning compared to other techniques. The authors highlight the diverse applications of robotic surgery in implantology and anticipate that this trend will continue to grow in the future. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of smoking on tooth whitening and color change after at‐home bleaching. Materials and Methods: This prospective clinical study evaluated two groups of participants: NS—non‐smokers (n = 24) and S—smokers (n = 16). All subjects were treated with at‐home bleaching using 22% carbamide peroxide (CP) for 1 h/day for 14 days. Color coordinates (L*—luminosity, a*—red‐green axis and b*—yellow‐blue axis) were obtained before bleaching (D0—baseline), 1 day (D1), 15 days (D15), and 1 month (D30) after bleaching. The whiteness index (WID) and CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE00) were calculated for S and NS. Color changes between S and NS subjects for specific teeth (CI—Central Incisors, LI—Lateral Incisors, and C—Canines) were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test (α = 0.05). Results: There was no significant difference in WID between S and NS subjects at baseline. NS participants showed higher WID than S at D1, D15, and D30 (p < 0.05). NS showed higher ΔWID for CI and C between D0 and the other evaluation times (D1, D15, and D30) compared to S. Smokers showed higher darkening of CI than NS in ΔWID D30–D1 (p < 0.05). Color changes showed similar overall behavior for ΔWID. For all evaluation times, ΔWID and ΔE00 values were below the corresponding acceptability thresholds. Conclusion: At‐home bleaching was effective on smokers and nonsmokers. Smoking negatively affected color stability after bleaching. ΔE00 and ΔWID were acceptable for both groups. Clinical Significance: Although smoking negatively affected color stability after bleaching, the observed changes were clinically acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether individuals with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis treatment have more salivary and oral mucosa alterations when compared to healthy individuals, through a systematic review followed by meta-analysis. A systematic literature review was performed, evaluating randomized clinical trials found in the Proquest, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Lilacs and Pubmed databases, using MeSH terms and other keywords. Initially, 40 articles were included in the study and, after reading the complete articles, only 15 clinical trials that analyzed oral lesions and salivary changes in patients with CRF undergoing hemodialysis treatment were eligible. Most of the clinical studies included were cross-sectional and composed of a study group and a control group. The mean age of participants in the study group was 50.19 years and in the control group, 48.95 years. The most common oral alterations found in the CRF group in relation to the control group were xerostomia, uremic breath, dysgeusia, coated tongue, gingival bleeding, and pale mucosa. The salivary flow of patients with CRF was 46.6% lower than the control group. The salivary pH in the study group was also more alkaline when compared to the control group. Greater amounts of urea, phosphate, C-reactive protein and total proteins were found in the saliva of individuals with CRF. Individuals with CRF undergoing hemodialysis are more prone to changes in both the quantity and quality of saliva, as well as having a greater amount of oral changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of autogenous materials to promote tissue regeneration has guided the direction of modern dentistry, and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a promising biomaterial for tissue engineering. This in vitro immunohistochemical study aimed to analyze the presence of factors of endothelial growth and cell differentiation in PRF membranes by using the CD31 (endothelial cells) and CD163 (monocytes) markers. Five men and 5 women, aged between 25 and 60 years and without systemic health problems, were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected, submitted to a centrifu-gation protocol, and fixed in 4% formaldehyde, and then immunohistochemical analysis was performed. The histologic analysis of the slides showed that the fibrin clot was formed by a dense fiber network and cells trapped in its structure. One sample was excluded from the markers testing due to poor quality. All 9 of the valid samples were positive for the CD31 and CD163 markers, with reactivity ranging from 5% to 30% and 10% to 40% of cells, respectively. The immunohistochemical analysis showed the presence of CD31 and CD163 in the PRF membranes, indicating the potential for vascular neoformation and the significant presence of monocytes, which play an important role in tissue remodeling via their differentiation into macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]