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ObjectivesThis study aimed to obtain a consensus on oral health policy, access to dental care, oral hygiene measures and training levels.BackgroundPoor oral health is widespread in care-dependent older people, but no consensus for a minimum standard of oral health care exists yet.MethodsThe e-Delphi approach was applied to a selected panel of interdisciplinary experts. Data analysis was based on three measurements: (a) ≥70% of experts’ opinion fall into category “agree or strongly agree,” (b) median score on the 5-point Likert scale ≥4, (c) interquartile range ≤1.ResultsA total of 31 experts from 17 European countries participated in this survey. Agreement was achieved for a compulsory dental examination when an elder is admitted to a long-term care (LTC) facility. Older people should brush their teeth twice/day and regularly clean interproximal spaces and oral mucosa. Dentures should be rinsed after meals and cleaned twice/day. The use of denture cleansing tablets was considered necessary. Dentures should be removed before sleeping and stored dry. A 5000 ppm fluoride toothpaste should be applied daily in elder with high caries risk. A short report on the oral health status of the elder should be included in the geriatric assessment. All experts concluded that the knowledge and the training in oral health care for caregivers and family members of care-dependent older people were imperative.ConclusionsUsing the e-Delphi method, multidisciplinary healthcare professionals from different countries agreed on certain cardinal recommendations for a standard oral health care for care-dependent older people.

The Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) is a largely validated neuropsychological test for the identification of amnestic syndrome from the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous electrophysiological data suggested a slowing down of the alpha rhythm in the AD-continuum as well as a key role of this rhythmic brain activity for episodic memory processes. This study therefore investigates the link between alpha brain activity and alterations in episodic memory as assessed by the FCSRT. For that purpose, 37 patients with altered FCSRT performance underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, supplemented by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/structural magnetic resonance imaging (18FDG-PET/MR), and 10 minutes of resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG). The individual alpha peak frequency (APF) in MEG resting-state data was positively correlated with patients’ encoding efficiency as well as with the efficacy of semantic cues in facilitating patients’ retrieval of previous stored word. The APF also correlated positively with patients’ hippocampal volume and their regional glucose consumption in the posterior cingulate cortex. Overall, this study demonstrates that alterations in the ability to learn and store new information for a relatively short-term period are related to a slowing down of alpha rhythmic activity, possibly due to altered interactions in the extended mnemonic system. As such, a decreased APF may be considered as an electrophysiological correlate of short-term episodic memory dysfunction accompanying pathological aging.

Objectives: This study aimed to obtain a consensus on oral health policy, access to dental care, oral hygiene measures and training levels. Background: Poor oral health is widespread in care-dependent older people, but no consensus for a minimum standard of oral health care exists yet. Methods: The e-Delphi approach was applied to a selected panel of interdisciplinary experts. Data analysis was based on three measurements: (a) ≥70% of experts’ opinion fall into category “agree or strongly agree,” (b) median score on the 5-point Likert scale ≥4, (c) interquartile range ≤1. Results: A total of 31 experts from 17 European countries participated in this survey. Agreement was achieved for a compulsory dental examination when an elder is admitted to a long-term care (LTC) facility. Older people should brush their teeth twice/day and regularly clean interproximal spaces and oral mucosa. Dentures should be rinsed after meals and cleaned twice/day. The use of denture cleansing tablets was considered necessary. Dentures should be removed before sleeping and stored dry. A 5000 ppm fluoride toothpaste should be applied daily in elder with high caries risk. A short report on the oral health status of the elder should be included in the geriatric assessment. All experts concluded that the knowledge and the training in oral health care for caregivers and family members of care-dependent older people were imperative. Conclusions: Using the e-Delphi method, multidisciplinary healthcare professionals from different countries agreed on certain cardinal recommendations for a standard oral health care for care-dependent older people. © 2020 Gerodontology Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2113-2117, Photovoltaic (PV) energy is one of the most promising future energy resource among all renewable energy sources. Many different types of power converters are found for photovoltaic system in research literature and also in the market. These converters interface PV modules with the AC or DC electric grid. In a typical PV system, the module is first connected with a DC-DC converter and then with a DC-AC inverter in order to consume the produced power with the local loads (self-consumption) or to inject it to the AC network. The main role of the intermediate DC-DC converter is to step up the low voltage of the PV module to an adequately higher value for connecting to the inverter stage. In case of central power conversion structure, several PV modules are connected with one central inverter whereas for distributed power conversion each module is interfaced with a converter. This second technique has several advantages, i.e. reduces power mismatch between PV modules, performing MPP (maximum power point) tracking locally at module level, suitable for low/medium power applications. PV modules generate different power levels depending on module configuration, operating pint and size. A DC-DC converter is designed and built to be integrated at module level, capable of interfacing also “big” modules such as 96-cell modules. The converter is able to boost directly from low output voltage of PV module to sufficiently high DC bus voltage that is suitable for connection to a single-phase DCAC inverter. The converter is designed to address from very low voltage of PV module’s output in shading condition to high output voltage of module in fully illumination condition. A low-level digital controller is developed and implemented with the converter. A real time PV system is set in the laboratory and the converter is tested under different illumination conditions. A PV emulator is designed to be applied as an input of the DC-DC converter for more convenient indoor testing. The PV emulator provides the flexibility to implement any kind of PV module available in the market. Therefore, any real module can be implemented inside the emulator and used to test the converter. In this work, the aim is to investigate the workability of the converter together with the controller in real PV scenario. A MPPT (maximum power point tracking) controller, based on the standard P&O technique, is also implemented to operate the module at the maximum power point. This paper describes an integrated testing and measuring set-up meant to verify the operational principle of the developed modulebased power converter and its usefulness as a distributed PV converter. It also explains the design and implementation of low-level control loop that is integrated with the converter. The description of the overall system integration is included in following sections. Finally, some measurement results of the system testing under static and dynamic irradiation conditions are presented.

32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1522-1527, This paper presents the design and implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) emulator which can act as a multiple sub-string PV module under various irradiation levels, shading conditions and cell temperatures. Based on one-cell diode model approach, the modeling of a PV module takes into account the avalanche breakdown characteristics at the level of shaded cells as well as at substring level. Operation tests of the developed emulator are performed with electronic loads and a DC-DC converter.

29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3658-3661, The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the technical potential of the combination of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) and supercapacitor storage in a smart apartment complex. The BIPV set-up described in this paper can connect up to 16 60-cell PV modules. Each module is equipped with an individual dc-dc converter which connects the module to the supercapacitor storage. Each module is thus equipped with an individual MPP tracker to increase the yield of the installation when some modules are (partially) shaded. The supercapacitor pack is a 268 F module operated between 78 and 120 V. The purpose of the supercapacitor storage is two-fold; Firstly the power fluctuations originating from the BIPV are mitigated by the supercapacitor storage and secondly the peak consumers of the smart apartment complex are powered by the PV-supercapacitor system if sufficient power and energy storage is available. The first functionality is demonstrated in a first case wherein the grid power slowly varies over a period of several minutes despite an abrupt change in the PV output. The second functionality is demonstrated in a second case wherein the supercapacitor supplies the energy demand of several communal loads without drawing any grid current.