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1. Long-term survival after initial hospital admission for peripheral arterial disease in the lower extremities

Author: Grobbee DE, Moll FL, de Bruin A, Reitsma JB, de Borst GJ, Vaartjes I, and Bots ML
Subjects: Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Abstract Background As the population ages, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the lower extremities will become a larger public health problem. Awareness in patients as well clinicians of the high risk of morbidity and mortality is important but seems currently low. Insights in absolute mortality risks following admission for PAD in the lower extremities can be useful to improve awareness as they are easy to interpret. Methods A nationwide cohort of 4,158 patients with an initial admission for PAD in the lower extremities was identified through linkage of the national hospital and population register in 1997 and 2000. Results Over 60% of 4,158 patients were men. 28 days, 1 year and 5 year mortality risk were 2.4%, 10.3% and 31.0% for men and 3.5%, 10.4% and 27.4% for women. Coronary heart disease and stroke were frequent cause of death. Five years mortality risk was higher for men compared to women (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.21–1.53). Conclusion In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that, 5 year mortality risk is high, especially in men and comparable to that of patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. Though, in general population the awareness of the severity of PAD in the lower extremities is significantly lower than that for any other cardiovascular disease and it seems that cardiovascular risk factor management for prevention in PAD patients is very modest.
Published: 2009
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2. AGREE-S:AGREE II extension for surgical interventions: appraisal instrument

Author: Antoniou, SA, Florez, ID, Markar, S, Logullo, P, López-Cano, M, Silecchia, G, Antoniou, GA, Tsokani, S, Mavridis, D, Brouwers, M, Dayem, YSA, Bertolaccini, L, Alonso-Coello, P, Akl, E, Chand, M, Como, JJ, de Borst, GJ, Di Saverio, S, Emile, S, Eom, BW, Gorter, R, Hanna, G, Immonen, K, Lai, Q, Lumen, N, Mathew, JL, Montendori, A, Moya, M, Pellino, G, Sanabria, A, Saratzis, A, Smart, N, Stefanidis, D, Zaninotto, G, Paediatric Surgery, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Pediatric surgery, and Consortium, The GAP
Subjects: Clinical practice guideline, Quality appraisal, Surgery, AGREE-S, Guideline quality, AGREE II
Abstract: Background: The Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument was developed to evaluate the quality of clinical practice guidelines. Evidence suggests that development, reporting, and appraisal of guidelines on surgical interventions may be better informed by modification of the instrument. Objective: We aimed to develop an AGREE II extension specifically designed for appraisal of guidelines of surgical interventions. Methods: In a three-part project funded by the United European Gastroenterology and the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery, (i) we identified factors that were associated with higher quality of surgical guidelines, (ii) we statistically calibrated the AGREE II instrument in the context of surgical guidelines using correlation, reliability, and factor analysis, and (iii) we undertook a Delphi consensus process of stakeholders to inform the development of an AGREE II extension instrument for surgical interventions. Results: Several features were prioritized by stakeholders as of particular importance for guidelines of surgical interventions, including development of a guideline protocol, consideration of practice variability and surgical expertise in different settings, and specification of infrastructures required to implement the recommendations. The AGREE-S—AGREE II extension instrument for surgical interventions has 25 items, compared to the 23 items of the original AGREE II instrument, organized into the following 6 domains: Scope and purpose, Stakeholders, Evidence synthesis, Development of recommendations, Editorial independence, and Implementation and update. As the original instrument, it concludes with an overall appraisal of the quality of the guideline and a judgement on whether the guideline is recommended for use. Several items were amended and rearranged among domains, and an item was deleted. The Rigor of Development domain of the original AGREE II was divided into Evidence Synthesis and Development of Recommendations. Items of the AGREE II domain Clarity of Presentation were incorporated in the new domain Development of Recommendations. Three new items were introduced, addressing the development of a guideline protocol, support by a guideline methodologist, and consideration of surgical experience/expertise. Conclusion: The AGREE-S appraisal instrument has been developed to be used for assessment of the methodological and reporting quality of guidelines on surgical interventions.
Published: 2022
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3. Nationwide Outcomes of Octogenarians Following Open or Endovascular Management After Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Author: Anna J. Alberga, Jorg L. de Bruin, Frederico Bastos Gonçalves, Eleonora G. Karthaus, Janneke A. Wilschut, Joost A. van Herwaarden, Jan J. Wever, Hence J. M. Verhagen, Van den Akker PJ, Akkersdijk GJ, Akkersdijk GP, Akkersdijk WL, van Andringa de Kempenaer MG, Arts CH, Avontuur JA, Bakker OJ, Balm R, Barendregt WB, Bekken JA, Bender MH, Bendermacher BL, van den Berg M, Berger P, Beuk RJ, Blankensteijn JD, Bleker RJ, Blok JJ, Bode AS, Bodegom ME, van der Bogt KE, Boll AP, Booster MH, Borger van der Burg BL, de Borst GJ, Bos-van Rossum WT, Bosma J, Botman JM, Bouwman LH, Brehm V, de Bruijn MT, de Bruin JL, Brummel P, van Brussel JP, Buijk SE, Buijs MA, Buimer MG, Burger DH, Buscher HC, Cancrinus E, Castenmiller PH, Cazander G, Coester AM, Cuypers PH, Daemen JH, Dawson I, Dierikx JE, Dijkstra ML, Diks J, Dinkelman MK, Dirven M, Dolmans DE, van Doorn RC, van Dortmont LM, Drouven JW, van der Eb MM, Eefting D, van Eijck GJ, Elshof JW, Elsman BH, van der Elst A, van Engeland MI, van Eps RG, Faber MJ, de Fijter WM, Fioole B, Fokkema TM, Frans FA, Fritschy WM, Fung Kon Jin PH, Geelkerken RH, van Gent WB, Glade GJ, Govaert B, Groenendijk RP, de Groot HG, van den Haak RF, de Haan EF, Hajer GF, Hamming JF, van Hattum ES, Hazenberg CE, Hedeman Joosten PP, Helleman JN, van der Hem LG, Hendriks JM, van Herwaarden JA, Heyligers JM, Hinnen JW, Hissink RJ, Ho GH, den Hoed PT, Hoedt MT, van Hoek F, Hoencamp R, Hoffmann WH, Hogendoorn W, Hoksbergen AW, Hollander EJ, Hommes M, Hopmans CJ, Huisman LC, Hulsebos RG, Huntjens KM, Idu MM, Jacobs MJ, van der Jagt MF, Jansbeken JR, Janssen RJ, Jiang HH, de Jong SC, Jongbloed-Winkel TA, Jongkind V, Kapma MR, Keller BP, Khodadade Jahrome A, Kievit JK, Klemm PL, Klinkert P, Koedam NA, Koelemaij MJ, Kolkert JL, Koning GG, Koning OH, Konings R, Krasznai AG, Krol RM, Kropman RH, Kruse RR, van der Laan L, van der Laa n MJ, van Laanen JH, van Lammeren GW, Lamprou DA, Lardenoye JH, Lauret GJ, Leenders BJ, Legemate DA, Leijdekkers VJ, Lemson MS, Lensvelt MM, Lijkwan MA, Lind RC, van der Linden FT, Liqui Lung PF, Loos MJ, Loubert MC, van de Luijtgaarden KM, Mahmoud DE, Manshanden CG, Mattens EC, Meerwaldt R, Mees BM, von Meijenfeldt GC, Menting TP, Metz R, Minnee RC, de Mol van Otterloo JC, Molegraaf MJ, Montauban van Swijndregt YC, Morak MJ, van de Mortel RH, Mulder W, Nagesser SK, Naves CC, Nederhoed JH, Nevenzel-Putters AM, de Nie AJ, Nieuwenhuis DH, Nieuwenhuizen J, van Nieuwenhuizen RC, Nio D, Noyez VJ, Oomen AP, Oranen BI, Oskam J, Palamba HW, Peppelenbosch AG, van Petersen AS, Petri BJ, Pierie ME, Ploeg AJ, Pol RA, Ponfoort ED, Post IC, Poyck PP, Prent A, ten Raa S, Raymakers JT, Reichart M, Reichmann BL, Reijnen MM, de Ridder JA, Rijbroek A, van Rijn MJ, de Roo RA, Rouwet EV, Saleem BR, Salemans PB, van Sambeek MR, Samyn MG, van ‘t Sant HP, van Schaik J, van Schaik PM, Scharn DM, Scheltinga MR, Schepers A, Schlejen PM, Schlosser FJ, Schol FP, Scholtes VP, Schouten O, Schreve MA, Schurink GW, Sikkink CJ, te Slaa A, Smeets HJ, Smeets L, Smeets RR, de Smet AA, Smit PC, Smits TM, Snoeijs MG, Sondakh AO, Speijers MJ, van der Steenhoven TJ, van Sterkenburg SM, Stigter DA, Stokmans RA, Strating RP, Stultiëns GN, Sybrandy JE, Teijink JA, Telgenkamp BJ, Teraa M, Testroote MJ, Tha-In T, The RM, Thijsse WJ, Thomassen I, Tielliu IF, van Tongeren RB, Toorop RJ, Tournoij E, Truijers M, Türkcan K, Tutein Nolthenius RP, Ünlü Ç, Vaes RH, Vafi AA, Vahl AC, Veen EJ, Veger HT, Veldman MG, Velthuis S, Verhagen HJ, Verhoeven BA, Vermeulen CF, Vermeulen EG, Vierhout BP, van der Vijver-Coppen RJ, Visser MJ, van der Vliet JA, Vlijmen—van Keulen CJ, Voorhoeve R, van der Vorst JR, Vos AW, de Vos B, Vos CG, Vos GA, Voute MT, Vriens BH, Vriens PW, de Vries AC, de Vries DK, de Vries JP, de Vries M, van der Waal C, Waasdorp EJ, Wallis de Vries BM, van Walraven LA, van Wanroij JL, Warlé MC, van de Water W, van Weel V, van Well AM, Welten GM, Welten RJ, Wever JJ, Wiersema AM, Wikkeling OR, Willaert WI, Wille J, Willems MC, Willigendael EM, Wilschut ED, Wisselink W, Witte ME, Wittens CH, Wong CY, Wouda R, Yazar O, Yeung KK, Zeebregts CJ, van Zeeland ML, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), and Surgery
Subjects: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Purpose: Octogenarians are known to have less-favorable outcomes following ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) repair compared with their younger counterparts. Accurate information regarding perioperative outcomes following rAAA-repair is important to evaluate current treatment practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative outcomes of octogenarians and to identify factors associated with mortality and major complications after open surgical repair (OSR) or endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of a rAAA using nationwide, real-world, contemporary data. Methods: All patients that underwent EVAR or OSR of an infrarenal or juxtarenal rAAA between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2018, were prospectively registered in the Dutch Surgical Aneurysm Audit (DSAA) and included in this study. The primary outcome was the comparison of perioperative outcomes of octogenarians versus non-octogenarians, including adjustment for confounders. Secondary outcomes were the identification of factors associated with mortality and major complications in octogenarians. Results: The study included 2879 patients, of which 1146 were treated by EVAR (382 octogenarians, 33%) and 1733 were treated by OSR (410 octogenarians, 24%). Perioperative mortality of octogenarians following EVAR was 37.2% versus 14.8% in non-octogenarians (adjusted OR=2.9, 95% CI=2.8–3.0) and 50.0% versus 29.4% following OSR (adjusted OR=2.2, 95% CI=2.2–2.3). Major complication rates of octogenarians were 55.4% versus 31.8% in non-octogenarians following EVAR (OR=2.7, 95% CI=2.1–3.4), and 68% versus 49% following OSR (OR=2.2, 95% CI=1.8–2.8). Following EVAR, 30.6% of the octogenarians had an uncomplicated perioperative course (UPC) versus 49.5% in non-octogenarians (OR=0.5, 95% CI=0.4–0.6), while following OSR, UPC rates were 20.7% in octogenarians versus 32.6% in non-octogenarians (OR=0.5, 95% CI=0.4–0.7). Cardiac or pulmonary comorbidity and loss of consciousness were associated with mortality and major complications in octogenarians. Interestingly, female octogenarians had lower mortality rates following EVAR than male octogenarians (adjusted OR=0.7, 95% CI=0.6–0.8). Conclusion: Based on this nationwide study with real-world registry data, mortality rates of octogenarians following ruptured AAA-repair were high, especially after OSR. However, a substantial proportion of these octogenarians following OSR and EVAR had an uneventful recovery. Known preoperative factors do influence perioperative outcomes and reflect current treatment practice.
Published: 2022

4. A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height

Author: Yengo, L, Vedantam, S, Marouli, E, Sidorenko, J, Bartell, E, Sakaue, S, Graff, M, Eliasen, AU, Jiang, Y, Raghavan, S, Miao, J, Arias, JD, Graham, SE, Mukamel, RE, Spracklen, CN, Yin, X, Chen, S-H, Ferreira, T, Highland, HH, Ji, Y, Karaderi, T, Lin, K, Lull, K, Malden, DE, Medina-Gomez, C, Machado, M, Moore, A, Rueger, S, Sim, X, Vrieze, S, Ahluwalia, TS, Akiyama, M, Allison, MA, Alvarez, M, Andersen, MK, Ani, A, Appadurai, V, Arbeeva, L, Bhaskar, S, Bielak, LF, Bollepalli, S, Bonnycastle, LL, Bork-Jensen, J, Bradfield, JP, Bradford, Y, Braund, PS, Brody, JA, Burgdorf, KS, Cade, BE, Cai, H, Cai, Q, Campbell, A, Canadas-Garre, M, Catamo, E, Chai, J-F, Chai, X, Chang, L-C, Chang, Y-C, Chen, C-H, Chesi, A, Choi, SH, Chung, R-H, Cocca, M, Concas, MP, Couture, C, Cuellar-Partida, G, Danning, R, Daw, EW, Degenhard, F, Delgado, GE, Delitala, A, Demirkan, A, Deng, X, Devineni, P, Dietl, A, Dimitriou, M, Dimitrov, L, Dorajoo, R, Ekici, AB, Engmann, JE, Fairhurst-Hunter, Z, Farmaki, A-E, Faul, JD, Fernandez-Lopez, J-C, Forer, L, Francescatto, M, Freitag-Wolf, S, Fuchsberger, C, Galesloot, TE, Gao, Y, Gao, Z, Geller, F, Giannakopoulou, O, Giulianini, F, Gjesing, AP, Goel, A, Gordon, SD, Gorski, M, Grove, J, Guo, X, Gustafsson, S, Haessler, J, Hansen, TF, Havulinna, AS, Haworth, SJ, He, J, Heard-Costa, N, Hebbar, P, Hindy, G, Ho, Y-LA, Hofer, E, Holliday, E, Horn, K, Hornsby, WE, Hottenga, J-J, Huang, H, Huang, J, Huerta-Chagoya, A, Huffman, JE, Hung, Y-J, Huo, S, Hwang, MY, Iha, H, Ikeda, DD, Isono, M, Jackson, AU, Jager, S, Jansen, IE, Johansson, I, Jonas, JB, Jonsson, A, Jorgensen, T, Kalafati, I-P, Kanai, M, Kanoni, S, Karhus, LL, Kasturiratne, A, Katsuya, T, Kawaguchi, T, Kember, RL, Kentistou, KA, Kim, H-N, Kim, YJ, Kleber, ME, Knol, MJ, Kurbasic, A, Lauzon, M, Le, P, Lea, R, Lee, J-Y, Leonard, HL, Li, SA, Li, X, Liang, J, Lin, H, Lin, S-Y, Liu, J, Liu, X, Lo, KS, Long, J, Lores-Motta, L, Luan, J, Lyssenko, V, Lyytikainen, L-P, Mahajan, A, Mamakou, V, Mangino, M, Manichaikul, A, Marten, J, Mattheisen, M, Mavarani, L, McDaid, AF, Meidtner, K, Melendez, TL, Mercader, JM, Milaneschi, Y, Miller, JE, Millwood, IY, Mishra, PP, Mitchell, RE, Mollehave, LT, Morgan, A, Mucha, S, Munz, M, Nakatochi, M, Nelson, CP, Nethander, M, Nho, CW, Nielsen, AA, Nolte, IM, Nongmaithem, SS, Noordam, R, Ntalla, I, Nutile, T, Pandit, A, Christofidou, P, Parna, K, Pauper, M, Petersen, ERB, Petersen, L, Pitkanen, N, Polasek, O, Poveda, A, Preuss, MH, Pyarajan, S, Raffield, LM, Rakugi, H, Ramirez, J, Rasheed, A, Raven, D, Rayner, NW, Riveros, C, Rohde, R, Ruggiero, D, Ruotsalainen, SE, Ryan, KA, Sabater-Lleal, M, Saxena, R, Scholz, M, Sendamarai, A, Shen, B, Shi, J, Shin, JH, Sidore, C, Sitlani, CM, Slieker, RKC, Smit, RAJ, Smith, A, Smith, JA, Smyth, LJ, Southam, LE, Steinthorsdottir, V, Sun, L, Takeuchi, F, Tallapragada, D, Taylor, KD, Tayo, BO, Tcheandjieu, C, Terzikhan, N, Tesolin, P, Teumer, A, Theusch, E, Thompson, DJ, Thorleifsson, G, Timmers, PRHJ, Trompet, S, Turman, C, Vaccargiu, S, van der Laan, SW, van der Most, PJ, van Klinken, JB, van Setten, J, Verma, SS, Verweij, N, Veturi, Y, Wang, CA, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, Z, Warren, HR, Wei, WB, Wickremasinghe, AR, Wielscher, M, Wiggins, KL, Winsvold, BS, Wong, A, Wu, Y, Wuttke, M, Xia, R, Xie, T, Yamamoto, K, Yang, J, Yao, J, Young, H, Yousri, NA, Yu, L, Zeng, L, Zhang, W, Zhang, X, Zhao, J-H, Zhao, W, Zhou, W, Zimmermann, ME, Zoledziewska, M, Adair, LS, Adams, HHH, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Al-Mulla, F, Arnett, DK, Asselbergs, FW, Asvold, BO, Attia, J, Banas, B, Bandinelli, S, Bennett, DA, Bergler, T, Bharadwaj, D, Biino, G, Bisgaard, H, Boerwinkle, E, Boger, CA, Bonnelykke, K, Boomsma, D, Borglum, AD, Borja, JB, Bouchard, C, Bowden, DW, Brandslund, I, Brumpton, B, Buring, JE, Caulfield, MJ, Chambers, JC, Chandak, GR, Chanock, SJ, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, Y-DI, Chen, Z, Cheng, C-Y, Christophersen, IE, Ciullo, M, Cole, JW, Collins, FS, Cooper, RS, Cruz, M, Cucca, F, Cupples, LA, Cutler, MJ, Damrauer, SM, Dantoft, TM, de Borst, GJ, de Groot, LCPGM, De Jager, PL, de Kleijn, DP, de Silva, HJ, Dedoussis, G, den Hollander, A, Du, S, Easton, DF, Elders, PJM, Eliassen, AH, Ellinor, PT, Elmstahl, S, Erdmann, J, Evans, MK, Fatkin, D, Feenstra, B, Feitosa, MF, Ferrucci, L, Ford, I, Fornage, M, Franke, A, Franks, PW, Freedman, B, Gasparini, P, Gieger, C, Girotto, G, Goddard, ME, Golightly, YM, Gonzalez-Villalpando, C, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grallert, H, Grant, SFA, Grarup, N, Griffiths, L, Gudnason, V, Haiman, C, Hakonarson, H, Hansen, T, Hartman, CA, Hattersley, AT, Hayward, C, Heckbert, SR, Heng, C-K, Hengstenberg, C, Hewitt, AW, Hishigaki, H, Hoyng, CB, Huang, PL, Huang, W, Hunt, SC, Hveem, K, Hypponen, E, Iacono, WG, Ichihara, S, Ikram, MA, Isasi, CR, Jackson, RD, Jarvelin, M-R, Jin, Z-B, Jockel, K-H, Joshi, PK, Jousilahti, P, Jukema, JW, Kahonen, M, Kamatani, Y, Kang, KD, Kaprio, J, Kardia, SLR, Karpe, F, Kato, N, Kee, F, Kessler, T, Khera, A, Khor, CC, Kiemeney, LALM, Kim, B-J, Kim, EK, Kim, H-L, Kirchhof, P, Kivimaki, M, Koh, W-P, Koistinen, HA, Kolovou, GD, Kooner, JS, Kooperberg, C, Kottgen, A, Kovacs, P, Kraaijeveld, A, Kraft, P, Krauss, RM, Kumari, M, Kutalik, Z, Laakso, M, Lange, LA, Langenberg, C, Launer, LJ, Le Marchand, L, Lee, H, Lee, NR, Lehtimaki, T, Li, H, Li, L, Lieb, W, Lin, X, Lind, L, Linneberg, A, Liu, C-T, Loeffler, M, London, B, Lubitz, SA, Lye, SJ, Mackey, DA, Magi, R, Magnusson, PKE, Marcus, GM, Vidal, PM, Martin, NG, Marz, W, Matsuda, F, McGarrah, RW, McGue, M, McKnight, AJ, Medland, SE, Mellstrom, D, Metspalu, A, Mitchell, BD, Mitchell, P, Mook-Kanamori, DO, Morris, AD, Mucci, LA, Munroe, PB, Nalls, MA, Nazarian, S, Nelson, AE, Neville, MJ, Newton-Cheh, C, Nielsen, CS, Nothen, MM, Ohlsson, C, Oldehinkel, AJ, Orozco, L, Pahkala, K, Pajukanta, P, Palmer, CNA, Parra, EJ, Pattaro, C, Pedersen, O, Pennell, CE, Penninx, BWJH, Perusse, L, Peters, A, Peyser, PA, Porteous, DJ, Posthuma, D, Power, C, Pramstaller, PP, Province, MA, Qi, Q, Qu, J, Rader, DJ, Raitakari, OT, Ralhan, S, Rallidis, LS, Rao, DC, Redline, S, Reilly, DF, Reiner, AP, Rhee, SY, Ridker, PM, Rienstra, M, Ripatti, S, Ritchie, MD, Roden, DM, Rosendaal, FR, Rotter, J, Rudan, I, Rutters, F, Sabanayagam, C, Saleheen, D, Salomaa, V, Samani, NJ, Sanghera, DK, Sattar, N, Schmidt, B, Schmidt, H, Schmidt, R, Schulze, MB, Schunkert, H, Scott, LJ, Scott, RJ, Sever, P, Shiroma, EJ, Shoemaker, MB, Shu, X-O, Simonsick, EM, Sims, M, Singh, JR, Singleton, AB, Sinner, MF, Smith, JG, Snieder, H, Spector, TD, Stampfer, MJ, Stark, KJ, Strachan, DP, t' Hart, LM, Tabara, Y, Tang, H, Tardif, J-C, Thanaraj, TA, Timpson, NJ, Tonjes, A, Tremblay, A, Tuomi, T, Tuomilehto, J, Tusie-Luna, M-T, Uitterlinden, AG, van Dam, RM, van der Harst, P, Van der Velde, N, van Duijn, CM, van Schoor, NM, Vitart, V, Volker, U, Vollenweider, P, Volzke, H, Wacher-Rodarte, NH, Walker, M, Wang, YX, Wareham, NJ, Watanabe, RM, Watkins, H, Weir, DR, Werge, TM, Widen, E, Wilkens, LR, Willemsen, G, Willett, WC, Wilson, JF, Wong, T-Y, Woo, J-T, Wright, AF, Wu, J-Y, Xu, H, Yajnik, CS, Yokota, M, Yuan, J-M, Zeggini, E, Zemel, BS, Zheng, W, Zhu, X, Zmuda, JM, Zonderman, AB, Zwart, J-A, Chasman, D, Cho, YS, Heid, IM, McCarthy, M, Ng, MCY, O'Donnell, CJ, Rivadeneira, F, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Sun, Y, Tai, ES, Boehnke, M, Deloukas, P, Justice, AE, Lindgren, CM, Loos, RJF, Mohlke, KL, North, KE, Stefansson, K, Walters, RG, Winkler, TW, Young, KL, Loh, P-R, Esko, T, Assimes, TL, Auton, A, Abecasis, GR, Willer, CJ, Locke, AE, Berndt, S, Lettre, G, Frayling, TM, Okada, Y, Wood, AR, Visscher, PM, Hirschhorn, JN, Yengo, L, Vedantam, S, Marouli, E, Sidorenko, J, Bartell, E, Sakaue, S, Graff, M, Eliasen, AU, Jiang, Y, Raghavan, S, Miao, J, Arias, JD, Graham, SE, Mukamel, RE, Spracklen, CN, Yin, X, Chen, S-H, Ferreira, T, Highland, HH, Ji, Y, Karaderi, T, Lin, K, Lull, K, Malden, DE, Medina-Gomez, C, Machado, M, Moore, A, Rueger, S, Sim, X, Vrieze, S, Ahluwalia, TS, Akiyama, M, Allison, MA, Alvarez, M, Andersen, MK, Ani, A, Appadurai, V, Arbeeva, L, Bhaskar, S, Bielak, LF, Bollepalli, S, Bonnycastle, LL, Bork-Jensen, J, Bradfield, JP, Bradford, Y, Braund, PS, Brody, JA, Burgdorf, KS, Cade, BE, Cai, H, Cai, Q, Campbell, A, Canadas-Garre, M, Catamo, E, Chai, J-F, Chai, X, Chang, L-C, Chang, Y-C, Chen, C-H, Chesi, A, Choi, SH, Chung, R-H, Cocca, M, Concas, MP, Couture, C, Cuellar-Partida, G, Danning, R, Daw, EW, Degenhard, F, Delgado, GE, Delitala, A, Demirkan, A, Deng, X, Devineni, P, Dietl, A, Dimitriou, M, Dimitrov, L, Dorajoo, R, Ekici, AB, Engmann, JE, Fairhurst-Hunter, Z, Farmaki, A-E, Faul, JD, Fernandez-Lopez, J-C, Forer, L, Francescatto, M, Freitag-Wolf, S, Fuchsberger, C, Galesloot, TE, Gao, Y, Gao, Z, Geller, F, Giannakopoulou, O, Giulianini, F, Gjesing, AP, Goel, A, Gordon, SD, Gorski, M, Grove, J, Guo, X, Gustafsson, S, Haessler, J, Hansen, TF, Havulinna, AS, Haworth, SJ, He, J, Heard-Costa, N, Hebbar, P, Hindy, G, Ho, Y-LA, Hofer, E, Holliday, E, Horn, K, Hornsby, WE, Hottenga, J-J, Huang, H, Huang, J, Huerta-Chagoya, A, Huffman, JE, Hung, Y-J, Huo, S, Hwang, MY, Iha, H, Ikeda, DD, Isono, M, Jackson, AU, Jager, S, Jansen, IE, Johansson, I, Jonas, JB, Jonsson, A, Jorgensen, T, Kalafati, I-P, Kanai, M, Kanoni, S, Karhus, LL, Kasturiratne, A, Katsuya, T, Kawaguchi, T, Kember, RL, Kentistou, KA, Kim, H-N, Kim, YJ, Kleber, ME, Knol, MJ, Kurbasic, A, Lauzon, M, Le, P, Lea, R, Lee, J-Y, Leonard, HL, Li, SA, Li, X, Liang, J, Lin, H, Lin, S-Y, Liu, J, Liu, X, Lo, KS, Long, J, Lores-Motta, L, Luan, J, Lyssenko, V, Lyytikainen, L-P, Mahajan, A, Mamakou, V, Mangino, M, Manichaikul, A, Marten, J, Mattheisen, M, Mavarani, L, McDaid, AF, Meidtner, K, Melendez, TL, Mercader, JM, Milaneschi, Y, Miller, JE, Millwood, IY, Mishra, PP, Mitchell, RE, Mollehave, LT, Morgan, A, Mucha, S, Munz, M, Nakatochi, M, Nelson, CP, Nethander, M, Nho, CW, Nielsen, AA, Nolte, IM, Nongmaithem, SS, Noordam, R, Ntalla, I, Nutile, T, Pandit, A, Christofidou, P, Parna, K, Pauper, M, Petersen, ERB, Petersen, L, Pitkanen, N, Polasek, O, Poveda, A, Preuss, MH, Pyarajan, S, Raffield, LM, Rakugi, H, Ramirez, J, Rasheed, A, Raven, D, Rayner, NW, Riveros, C, Rohde, R, Ruggiero, D, Ruotsalainen, SE, Ryan, KA, Sabater-Lleal, M, Saxena, R, Scholz, M, Sendamarai, A, Shen, B, Shi, J, Shin, JH, Sidore, C, Sitlani, CM, Slieker, RKC, Smit, RAJ, Smith, A, Smith, JA, Smyth, LJ, Southam, LE, Steinthorsdottir, V, Sun, L, Takeuchi, F, Tallapragada, D, Taylor, KD, Tayo, BO, Tcheandjieu, C, Terzikhan, N, Tesolin, P, Teumer, A, Theusch, E, Thompson, DJ, Thorleifsson, G, Timmers, PRHJ, Trompet, S, Turman, C, Vaccargiu, S, van der Laan, SW, van der Most, PJ, van Klinken, JB, van Setten, J, Verma, SS, Verweij, N, Veturi, Y, Wang, CA, Wang, C, Wang, L, Wang, Z, Warren, HR, Wei, WB, Wickremasinghe, AR, Wielscher, M, Wiggins, KL, Winsvold, BS, Wong, A, Wu, Y, Wuttke, M, Xia, R, Xie, T, Yamamoto, K, Yang, J, Yao, J, Young, H, Yousri, NA, Yu, L, Zeng, L, Zhang, W, Zhang, X, Zhao, J-H, Zhao, W, Zhou, W, Zimmermann, ME, Zoledziewska, M, Adair, LS, Adams, HHH, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Al-Mulla, F, Arnett, DK, Asselbergs, FW, Asvold, BO, Attia, J, Banas, B, Bandinelli, S, Bennett, DA, Bergler, T, Bharadwaj, D, Biino, G, Bisgaard, H, Boerwinkle, E, Boger, CA, Bonnelykke, K, Boomsma, D, Borglum, AD, Borja, JB, Bouchard, C, Bowden, DW, Brandslund, I, Brumpton, B, Buring, JE, Caulfield, MJ, Chambers, JC, Chandak, GR, Chanock, SJ, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, Y-DI, Chen, Z, Cheng, C-Y, Christophersen, IE, Ciullo, M, Cole, JW, Collins, FS, Cooper, RS, Cruz, M, Cucca, F, Cupples, LA, Cutler, MJ, Damrauer, SM, Dantoft, TM, de Borst, GJ, de Groot, LCPGM, De Jager, PL, de Kleijn, DP, de Silva, HJ, Dedoussis, G, den Hollander, A, Du, S, Easton, DF, Elders, PJM, Eliassen, AH, Ellinor, PT, Elmstahl, S, Erdmann, J, Evans, MK, Fatkin, D, Feenstra, B, Feitosa, MF, Ferrucci, L, Ford, I, Fornage, M, Franke, A, Franks, PW, Freedman, B, Gasparini, P, Gieger, C, Girotto, G, Goddard, ME, Golightly, YM, Gonzalez-Villalpando, C, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grallert, H, Grant, SFA, Grarup, N, Griffiths, L, Gudnason, V, Haiman, C, Hakonarson, H, Hansen, T, Hartman, CA, Hattersley, AT, Hayward, C, Heckbert, SR, Heng, C-K, Hengstenberg, C, Hewitt, AW, Hishigaki, H, Hoyng, CB, Huang, PL, Huang, W, Hunt, SC, Hveem, K, Hypponen, E, Iacono, WG, Ichihara, S, Ikram, MA, Isasi, CR, Jackson, RD, Jarvelin, M-R, Jin, Z-B, Jockel, K-H, Joshi, PK, Jousilahti, P, Jukema, JW, Kahonen, M, Kamatani, Y, Kang, KD, Kaprio, J, Kardia, SLR, Karpe, F, Kato, N, Kee, F, Kessler, T, Khera, A, Khor, CC, Kiemeney, LALM, Kim, B-J, Kim, EK, Kim, H-L, Kirchhof, P, Kivimaki, M, Koh, W-P, Koistinen, HA, Kolovou, GD, Kooner, JS, Kooperberg, C, Kottgen, A, Kovacs, P, Kraaijeveld, A, Kraft, P, Krauss, RM, Kumari, M, Kutalik, Z, Laakso, M, Lange, LA, Langenberg, C, Launer, LJ, Le Marchand, L, Lee, H, Lee, NR, Lehtimaki, T, Li, H, Li, L, Lieb, W, Lin, X, Lind, L, Linneberg, A, Liu, C-T, Loeffler, M, London, B, Lubitz, SA, Lye, SJ, Mackey, DA, Magi, R, Magnusson, PKE, Marcus, GM, Vidal, PM, Martin, NG, Marz, W, Matsuda, F, McGarrah, RW, McGue, M, McKnight, AJ, Medland, SE, Mellstrom, D, Metspalu, A, Mitchell, BD, Mitchell, P, Mook-Kanamori, DO, Morris, AD, Mucci, LA, Munroe, PB, Nalls, MA, Nazarian, S, Nelson, AE, Neville, MJ, Newton-Cheh, C, Nielsen, CS, Nothen, MM, Ohlsson, C, Oldehinkel, AJ, Orozco, L, Pahkala, K, Pajukanta, P, Palmer, CNA, Parra, EJ, Pattaro, C, Pedersen, O, Pennell, CE, Penninx, BWJH, Perusse, L, Peters, A, Peyser, PA, Porteous, DJ, Posthuma, D, Power, C, Pramstaller, PP, Province, MA, Qi, Q, Qu, J, Rader, DJ, Raitakari, OT, Ralhan, S, Rallidis, LS, Rao, DC, Redline, S, Reilly, DF, Reiner, AP, Rhee, SY, Ridker, PM, Rienstra, M, Ripatti, S, Ritchie, MD, Roden, DM, Rosendaal, FR, Rotter, J, Rudan, I, Rutters, F, Sabanayagam, C, Saleheen, D, Salomaa, V, Samani, NJ, Sanghera, DK, Sattar, N, Schmidt, B, Schmidt, H, Schmidt, R, Schulze, MB, Schunkert, H, Scott, LJ, Scott, RJ, Sever, P, Shiroma, EJ, Shoemaker, MB, Shu, X-O, Simonsick, EM, Sims, M, Singh, JR, Singleton, AB, Sinner, MF, Smith, JG, Snieder, H, Spector, TD, Stampfer, MJ, Stark, KJ, Strachan, DP, t' Hart, LM, Tabara, Y, Tang, H, Tardif, J-C, Thanaraj, TA, Timpson, NJ, Tonjes, A, Tremblay, A, Tuomi, T, Tuomilehto, J, Tusie-Luna, M-T, Uitterlinden, AG, van Dam, RM, van der Harst, P, Van der Velde, N, van Duijn, CM, van Schoor, NM, Vitart, V, Volker, U, Vollenweider, P, Volzke, H, Wacher-Rodarte, NH, Walker, M, Wang, YX, Wareham, NJ, Watanabe, RM, Watkins, H, Weir, DR, Werge, TM, Widen, E, Wilkens, LR, Willemsen, G, Willett, WC, Wilson, JF, Wong, T-Y, Woo, J-T, Wright, AF, Wu, J-Y, Xu, H, Yajnik, CS, Yokota, M, Yuan, J-M, Zeggini, E, Zemel, BS, Zheng, W, Zhu, X, Zmuda, JM, Zonderman, AB, Zwart, J-A, Chasman, D, Cho, YS, Heid, IM, McCarthy, M, Ng, MCY, O'Donnell, CJ, Rivadeneira, F, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Sun, Y, Tai, ES, Boehnke, M, Deloukas, P, Justice, AE, Lindgren, CM, Loos, RJF, Mohlke, KL, North, KE, Stefansson, K, Walters, RG, Winkler, TW, Young, KL, Loh, P-R, Esko, T, Assimes, TL, Auton, A, Abecasis, GR, Willer, CJ, Locke, AE, Berndt, S, Lettre, G, Frayling, TM, Okada, Y, Wood, AR, Visscher, PM, and Hirschhorn, JN
Abstract: Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are predicted to collectively explain 40-50% of phenotypic variation in human height, but identifying the specific variants and associated regions requires huge sample sizes1. Here, using data from a genome-wide association study of 5.4 million individuals of diverse ancestries, we show that 12,111 independent SNPs that are significantly associated with height account for nearly all of the common SNP-based heritability. These SNPs are clustered within 7,209 non-overlapping genomic segments with a mean size of around 90 kb, covering about 21% of the genome. The density of independent associations varies across the genome and the regions of increased density are enriched for biologically relevant genes. In out-of-sample estimation and prediction, the 12,111 SNPs (or all SNPs in the HapMap 3 panel2) account for 40% (45%) of phenotypic variance in populations of European ancestry but only around 10-20% (14-24%) in populations of other ancestries. Effect sizes, associated regions and gene prioritization are similar across ancestries, indicating that reduced prediction accuracy is likely to be explained by linkage disequilibrium and differences in allele frequency within associated regions. Finally, we show that the relevant biological pathways are detectable with smaller sample sizes than are needed to implicate causal genes and variants. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive map of specific genomic regions that contain the vast majority of common height-associated variants. Although this map is saturated for populations of European ancestry, further research is needed to achieve equivalent saturation in other ancestries.
Published: 2022

5. European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Venous Thrombosis

Author: Kakkos, SK, Gohel, M, Baekgaard, N, Bauersachs, R, Bellmunt-Montoya, S, Black, SA, ten Cate-Hoek, AJ, Elalamy, I, Enzmann, FK, Geroulakos, G, Gottsater, A, Hunt, BJ, Mansilha, A, Nicolaides, AN, Sandset, PM, Stansby, G, de Borst, GJ, Goncalves, FB, Chakfe, N, Hinchliffe, R, Kolh, P, Koncar, I, Lindholt, JS, Tulamo, R, Twine, CP, Vermassen, F, Wanhainen, A, De Maeseneer, MG, Comerota, AJ, Gloviczki, P, Kruip, MJHA, Monreal, M, Prandoni, P, and de Ceniga, MV
Published: 2021

6. Roadmap Consensus on Carotid Artery Plaque Imaging and Impact on Therapy Strategies and Guidelines: An International, Multispecialty, Expert Review and Position Statement.

Author: Saba, L, Saba, L, Brinjikji, W, Spence, JD, Wintermark, M, Castillo, M, de Borst, GJ, Yang, Q, Yuan, C, Buckler, A, Edjlali, M, Saam, T, Saloner, D, Lal, BK, Capodanno, D, Sun, J, Balu, N, Naylor, R, Lugt, AVD, Wasserman, BA, Kooi, ME, Wardlaw, J, Gillard, J, Lanzino, G, Hedin, U, Mikulis, D, Gupta, A, DeMarco, JK, Hess, C, Goethem, JV, Hatsukami, T, Rothwell, P, Brown, MM, Moody, AR, Saba, L, Saba, L, Brinjikji, W, Spence, JD, Wintermark, M, Castillo, M, de Borst, GJ, Yang, Q, Yuan, C, Buckler, A, Edjlali, M, Saam, T, Saloner, D, Lal, BK, Capodanno, D, Sun, J, Balu, N, Naylor, R, Lugt, AVD, Wasserman, BA, Kooi, ME, Wardlaw, J, Gillard, J, Lanzino, G, Hedin, U, Mikulis, D, Gupta, A, DeMarco, JK, Hess, C, Goethem, JV, Hatsukami, T, Rothwell, P, Brown, MM, and Moody, AR
Abstract: Current guidelines for primary and secondary prevention of stroke in patients with carotid atherosclerosis are based on the quantification of the degree of stenosis and symptom status. Recent publications have demonstrated that plaque morphology and composition, independent of the degree of stenosis, are important in the risk stratification of carotid atherosclerotic disease. This finding raises the question as to whether current guidelines are adequate or if they should be updated with new evidence, including imaging for plaque phenotyping, risk stratification, and clinical decision-making in addition to the degree of stenosis. To further this discussion, this roadmap consensus article defines the limits of luminal imaging and highlights the current evidence supporting the role of plaque imaging. Furthermore, we identify gaps in current knowledge and suggest steps to generate high-quality evidence, to add relevant information to guidelines currently based on the quantification of stenosis.
Published: 2021

7. Upper Extremity Blood Pressure Difference in Patients Undergoing Carotid Revascularisation

Author: Huibers, A, Hendrikse, J, Brown, MM, Pegge, SA, Arnold, M, Moll, FL, Kapelle, LJ, de Borst, GJ, ICSS Collaborators, Halliday, A, and Halliday, A
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Subclavian artery, Computed Tomography Angiography, medicine.medical_treatment, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Upper Extremity, 03 medical and health sciences, Subclavian Steal Syndrome, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, Carotid artery intervention, Journal Article, medicine, Humans, Carotid Stenosis, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Brachiocephalic Trunk, Netherlands, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Retrospective Studies, Endarterectomy, Carotid, business.industry, Endovascular Procedures, medicine.disease, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Stenosis, Treatment Outcome, Blood pressure, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Concomitant, Cardiology, Stents, Surgery, Carotid stenting, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Artery
Abstract: Introduction Blood pressure (BP) regulation is important in patients with carotid artery atherosclerotic disease. Concomitant subclavian artery stenosis (SAS) might lead to an underestimation of the true systemic BP in the monitoring of these patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the inter-arm BP difference in patients undergoing carotid intervention and its association with ipsilateral significant subclavian stenosis and clinical outcome. Methods Bilateral BP measurements and vascular imaging (CTA and MRA) of both subclavian arteries and the innominate artery were assessed in 182 symptomatic patients with carotid artery stenosis undergoing revascularisation in the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS). Data were separately analysed according to previously described cutoff values for systolic BP (SBP) differences of ≥10 and 50% diameter reduction. Results Of the 182 patients, 39 (21%) showed an inter-arm difference in SBP >15 mmHg. The mean inter-arm SBP difference associated with ipsilateral SAS was 14 mmHg. SAS was present in 21/182 (12%) patients. Only two patients (1%) had bilateral stenotic disease. An inter-arm SBP difference of ≥20 mmHg was associated with unilateral SAS (RR 11.8; 95% CI 3.2–43.1) with a sensitivity of 23% and a specificity of 98%. Patients were followed up for a median of 4.0 years (IQR 3.0–6.0; maximum 7.5). Risk of stroke or death during follow-up was 20.0% (95% CI 11.1–28.9) in patients with, and 15.1% (95% CI 12.3–17.9) in patients without SAS (p = .561). The hospital stay was longer in patients with significant SAS (5.0 days, SD 4.9 vs. 2.7 days, SD 4.3, p = .035). Conclusion The present study is the first to affirm the clinical need for the measurement of inter-arm BP differences in patients undergoing carotid revascularisation, especially in the post-operative phase in the prevention of cerebral hyperperfusion.
Published: 2017
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8. Restenosis and risk of stroke after stenting or endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS): secondary analysis of a randomised trial

Author: Bonati, LH, Gregson, J, Dobson, J, McCabe, DJH, Nederkoorn, PJ, Van Der Worp, HB, De Borst, GJ, Richards, T, Cleveland, T, Müller, MD, Wolff, T, Engelter, ST, Lyrer, PA, Brown, MM, Halliday, A, and Investigators, International Carotid Stenting Study
Abstract: Background The risk of stroke associated with carotid artery restenosis after stenting or endarterectomy is unclear. We aimed to compare the long-term risk of restenosis after these treatments and to investigate if restenosis causes stroke in a secondary analysis of the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS). Methods ICSS is a parallel-group randomised trial at 50 tertiary care centres in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. Patients aged 40 years or older with symptomatic carotid stenosis measuring 50% or more were randomly assigned either stenting or endarterectomy in a 1:1 ratio. Randomisation was computer-generated and done centrally, with allocation by telephone or fax, stratified by centre, and with minimisation for sex, age, side of stenosis, and occlusion of the contralateral carotid artery. Patients were followed up both clinically and with carotid duplex ultrasound at baseline, 30 days after treatment, 6 months after randomisation, then annually for up to 10 years. We included patients whose assigned treatment was completed and who had at least one ultrasound examination after treatment. Restenosis was defined as any narrowing of the treated artery measuring 50% or more (at least moderate) or 70% or more (severe), or occlusion of the artery. The degree of restenosis based on ultrasound velocities and clinical outcome events were adjudicated centrally; assessors were masked to treatment assignment. Restenosis was analysed using interval-censored models and its association with later ipsilateral stroke using Cox regression. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN25337470. This report presents a secondary analysis, and follow-up is complete. Findings Between May, 2001, and October, 2008, 1713 patients were enrolled and randomly allocated treatment (855 were assigned stenting and 858 endarterectomy), of whom 1530 individuals were followed up with ultrasound (737 assigned stenting and 793 endarterectomy) for a median of 4·0 years (IQR 2·3–5·0). At least moderate restenosis (≥50%) occurred in 274 patients after stenting (cumulative 5-year risk 40·7%) and in 217 after endarterectomy (29·6%; unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1·43, 95% CI 1·21–1·72; p Interpretation At least moderate (≥50%) restenosis occurred more frequently after stenting than after endarterectomy and increased the risk for ipsilateral stroke in the overall population. Whether the restenosis-mediated risk of stroke differs between stenting and endarterectomy requires further research.
Published: 2019
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9. A Percutaneous Approach to Treating Deep Venous Valve Insufficiency With a New Self-Expanding Venous Valve Bioprosthesis

Author: de Borst, GJ, Teijink, JAW, Patterson, M, Quijano, RC, and Moll, FL
Published: 2001

10. Association of Chromosome 9p21 With Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease Events

Author: Patel, RS, Schmidt, AF, Tragante, V, McCubrey, RO, Holmes, MV, Howe, LJ, Direk, K, Åkerblom, A, Leander, K, Virani, SS, Kaminski, KA, Muehlschlegel, JD, Dubé, M-P, Allayee, H, Almgren, P, Alver, M, Baranova, EV, Behlouli, H, Boeckx, B, Braund, PS, Breitling, LP, Delgado, G, Duarte, NE, Dufresne, L, Eriksson, N, Foco, L, Gijsberts, CM, Gong, Y, Hartiala, J, Heydarpour, M, Hubacek, JA, Kleber, M, Kofink, D, Kuukasjärvi, P, Lee, V-V, Leiherer, A, Lenzini, PA, Levin, D, Lyytikäinen, L-P, Martinelli, N, Mons, U, Nelson, CP, Nikus, K, Pilbrow, AP, Ploski, R, Sun, YV, Tanck, MWT, Tang, WHW, Trompet, S, Van Der Laan, SW, Van Setten, J, Vilmundarson, RO, Anselmi, C, Vlachopoulou, E, Boerwinkle, E, Briguori, C, Carlquist, JF, Carruthers, KF, Casu, G, Deanfield, J, Deloukas, P, Dudbridge, F, Fitzpatrick, N, Gigante, B, James, S, Lokki, M-L, Lotufo, PA, Marziliano, N, Mordi, IR, Muhlestein, JB, Newton-Cheh, C, Pitha, J, Saely, CH, Samman-Tahhan, A, Sandesara, PB, Teren, A, Timmis, A, Van De Werf, F, Wauters, E, Wilde, AAM, Ford, I, Stott, DJ, Algra, A, Andreassi, MG, Ardissino, D, Arsenault, BJ, Ballantyne, CM, Bergmeijer, TO, Bezzina, CR, Body, SC, Bogaty, P, De Borst, GJ, Brenner, H, Burkhardt, R, Carpeggiani, C, Condorelli, G, Cooper-Dehoff, RM, Cresci, S, De Faire, U, Doughty, RN, Drexel, H, Engert, JC, Fox, KAA, Girelli, D, Hagström, E, Hazen, SL, Held, C, Hemingway, H, Hoefer, IE, Hovingh, GK, Johnson, JA, De Jong, PA, Jukema, JW, Kaczor, MP, Kähönen, M, Kettner, J, Kiliszek, M, Klungel, OH, Lagerqvist, B, Lambrechts, D, Laurikka, JO, Lehtimäki, T, Lindholm, D, Mahmoodi, BK, Der Zee, AH, McPherson, R, Melander, O, Metspalu, A, Pepinski, W, Olivieri, O, Opolski, G, Palmer, CN, Pasterkamp, G, Pepine, CJ, Pereira, AC, Pilote, L, Quyyumi, AA, Richards, AM, Sanak, M, Scholz, M, Siegbahn, A, Sinisalo, J, Smith, JG, Spertus, JA, Stewart, AFR, Szczeklik, W, Szpakowicz, A, Berg, JM, Thanassoulis, G, Thiery, J, Van Der Graaf, Y, Visseren, FLJ, Waltenberger, J, Van Der Harst, P, Tardif, J-C, Sattar, N, Lang, CC, Paré, G, Brophy, JM, Anderson, JL, März, W, Wallentin, L, Cameron, VA, Horne, BD, Samani, NJ, Hingorani, AD, and Asselbergs, FW
Subjects: Male, Myocardial Infarction, genetic risk factor, Coronary Artery Disease, Middle Aged, Article, chromosome 9p21, Gene Frequency, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Odds Ratio, Humans, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, cardiovascular diseases, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, secondary prevention
Abstract: Genetic variation at chromosome 9p21 is a recognized risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, its effect on disease progression and subsequent events is unclear, raising questions about its value for stratification of residual risk.A variant at chromosome 9p21 (rs1333049) was tested for association with subsequent events during follow-up in 103 357 Europeans with established CHD at baseline from the GENIUS-CHD (Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease) Consortium (73.1% male, mean age 62.9 years). The primary outcome, subsequent CHD death or myocardial infarction (CHD death/myocardial infarction), occurred in 13 040 of the 93 115 participants with available outcome data. Effect estimates were compared with case/control risk obtained from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium (Coronary Artery Disease Genome-wide Replication and Meta-analysis [CARDIoGRAM] plus The Coronary Artery Disease [C4D] Genetics) including 47 222 CHD cases and 122 264 controls free of CHD.Meta-analyses revealed no significant association between chromosome 9p21 and the primary outcome of CHD death/myocardial infarction among those with established CHD at baseline (GENIUS-CHD odds ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.99-1.05). This contrasted with a strong association in CARDIoGRAMPlusC4D odds ratio 1.20; 95% CI, 1.18-1.22; P for interaction0.001 compared with the GENIUS-CHD estimate. Similarly, no clear associations were identified for additional subsequent outcomes, including all-cause death, although we found a modest positive association between chromosome 9p21 and subsequent revascularization (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.09).In contrast to studies comparing individuals with CHD to disease-free controls, we found no clear association between genetic variation at chromosome 9p21 and risk of subsequent acute CHD events when all individuals had CHD at baseline. However, the association with subsequent revascularization may support the postulated mechanism of chromosome 9p21 for promoting atheroma development.
Published: 2019

11. European Society for Vascular Surgery Guidelines on the management of Aort0-iliac Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Author: Wanhainen, A, Verzini, F, Van Herzeele, I, Allaire, E, Bown, M, Cohnert, T, Dick, F, Van Herwaarden, J, Karkos, C, Koelemay, M, Kölbel, T, Loftus, I, Mani, K, Melissano, G, Powell, J, Szeberin, Z, Esvs Guidelines Committee, De Borst, GJ, Chakfe, N, Debus, S, Hinchliffe, R, Kakkos, S, Koncar, I, Kolh, P, Lindholdt, J, De Vega, M, Vermassen, F, Document Reviewers, Björck, M, Cheng, S, Dalman, R, Davidovic, L, Donas, K, Earnshaw, J, Eckstein, H-H, Golledge, J, Haulon, S, Mastracci, T, Naylor, R, Ricco, J-B, and Verhagen, H
Subjects: Male, ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY, Iliac Artery, POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY, Postoperative Complications, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY, Humans, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Science & Technology, PERIOPERATIVE BETA-BLOCKADE, ENDOVASCULAR AAA REPAIR, LONG-TERM SURVIVAL, Disease Management, 1103 Clinical Sciences, SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Research Design, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, INFRARENAL AORTIC-ANEURYSM, Surgery, Female, IDIOPATHIC RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Vascular Surgical Procedures, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Published: 2018

12. Restenosis and risk of stroke after stenting or endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis in the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS): secondary analysis of a randomised trial

Author: Bonati, LH, Gregson, J, Dobson, J, McCabe, DJH, Nederkoorn, PJ, Van Der Worp, HB, De Borst, GJ, Richards, T, Cleveland, T, Müller, MD, Wolff, T, Engelter, ST, Lyrer, PA, Brown, MM, and Halliday, A
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The risk of stroke associated with carotid artery restenosis after stenting or endarterectomy is unclear. We aimed to compare the long-term risk of restenosis after these treatments and to investigate if restenosis causes stroke in a secondary analysis of the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS). METHODS: ICSS is a parallel-group randomised trial at 50 tertiary care centres in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. Patients aged 40 years or older with symptomatic carotid stenosis measuring 50% or more were randomly assigned either stenting or endarterectomy in a 1:1 ratio. Randomisation was computer-generated and done centrally, with allocation by telephone or fax, stratified by centre, and with minimisation for sex, age, side of stenosis, and occlusion of the contralateral carotid artery. Patients were followed up both clinically and with carotid duplex ultrasound at baseline, 30 days after treatment, 6 months after randomisation, then annually for up to 10 years. We included patients whose assigned treatment was completed and who had at least one ultrasound examination after treatment. Restenosis was defined as any narrowing of the treated artery measuring 50% or more (at least moderate) or 70% or more (severe), or occlusion of the artery. The degree of restenosis based on ultrasound velocities and clinical outcome events were adjudicated centrally; assessors were masked to treatment assignment. Restenosis was analysed using interval-censored models and its association with later ipsilateral stroke using Cox regression. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN25337470. This report presents a secondary analysis, and follow-up is complete. FINDINGS: Between May, 2001, and October, 2008, 1713 patients were enrolled and randomly allocated treatment (855 were assigned stenting and 858 endarterectomy), of whom 1530 individuals were followed up with ultrasound (737 assigned stenting and 793 endarterectomy) for a median of 4·0 years (IQR 2·3-5·0). At least moderate restenosis (≥50%) occurred in 274 patients after stenting (cumulative 5-year risk 40·7%) and in 217 after endarterectomy (29·6%; unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1·43, 95% CI 1·21-1·72; p
Published: 2018

13. Validation of a score chart to predict the risk of chronic mesenteric ischemia and development of an updated score chart

Author: van Dijk, Louisa, Leemreis - van Noord, Désirée, Geelkerken, RH, Harki, Jihan, Berendsen, Sophie, de Vries, Annemarie, Moelker, Adriaan, Vergouwe, Yvonne, Verhagen, Hence, Kolkman, JJ, Bruno, Marco, Balm, R, de Borst, GJ, Blauw, JTM, Bakker, OJ, Buscher, H, Fioole, B, Hamming, JF, van den Heuvel, DAF, van Hattum, ES, Hinnen, JW, Van der Laan, MJ, Lenaerts, K, Peppelenbosch, Maikel, van Petersen, AS, Rijnja, P, Van der Schaar, PJ, Terlouw, Luke, Vries, JPPM, Vroegindeweij, D, van Dijk, Louisa, Leemreis - van Noord, Désirée, Geelkerken, RH, Harki, Jihan, Berendsen, Sophie, de Vries, Annemarie, Moelker, Adriaan, Vergouwe, Yvonne, Verhagen, Hence, Kolkman, JJ, Bruno, Marco, Balm, R, de Borst, GJ, Blauw, JTM, Bakker, OJ, Buscher, H, Fioole, B, Hamming, JF, van den Heuvel, DAF, van Hattum, ES, Hinnen, JW, Van der Laan, MJ, Lenaerts, K, Peppelenbosch, Maikel, van Petersen, AS, Rijnja, P, Van der Schaar, PJ, Terlouw, Luke, Vries, JPPM, and Vroegindeweij, D
Published: 2019

14. Smoking cessation and risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality after a first manifestation of arterial disease

Author: van den Berg, MJE, Graaf, Y, Deckers, Jaap, de Kanter, W, Algra, A, Kappelle, LJ, de Borst, GJ, Cramer, MJM, Visseren, FLJ, Grobbee, DE, Rutten, G, Leiner, T, Nathoe, HM, van den Berg, MJE, Graaf, Y, Deckers, Jaap, de Kanter, W, Algra, A, Kappelle, LJ, de Borst, GJ, Cramer, MJM, Visseren, FLJ, Grobbee, DE, Rutten, G, Leiner, T, and Nathoe, HM
Published: 2019

15. Genetic Association of Lipids and Lipid Drug Targets With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Meta-analysis

Author: Harrison, SC, Holmes, MV, Burgess, S, Asselbergs, FW, Jones, GT, Baas, AF, Van 'T Hof, FN, De Bakker, PIW, Blankensteijn, JD, Powell, JT, Saratzis, A, De Borst, GJ, Swerdlow, DI, Van Der Graaf, Y, Van Rij, AM, Carey, DJ, Elmore, JR, Tromp, G, Kuivaniemi, H, Sayers, RD, Samani, NJ, Bown, MJ, Humphries, SE, Harrison, Seamus Conor [0000-0003-1480-1143], Burgess, Stephen [0000-0001-5365-8760], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Surgery, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, and ACS - Microcirculation
Subjects: Cholesterol, HDL, Correction, Cholesterol, LDL, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Lipid Metabolism, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Humans, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Triglycerides, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal, Genome-Wide Association Study, Hypolipidemic Agents
Abstract: Importance: Risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are largely unknown, which has hampered the development of nonsurgical treatments to alter the natural history of disease. Objective: To investigate the association between lipid-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AAA risk. Design, Setting, and Participants: Genetic risk scores, composed of lipid trait–associated SNPs, were constructed and tested for their association with AAA using conventional (inverse-variance weighted) mendelian randomization (MR) and data from international AAA genome-wide association studies. Sensitivity analyses to account for potential genetic pleiotropy included MR-Egger and weighted median MR, and multivariable MR method was used to test the independent association of lipids with AAA risk. The association between AAA and SNPs in loci that can act as proxies for drug targets was also assessed. Data collection took place between January 9, 2015, and January 4, 2016. Data analysis was conducted between January 4, 2015, and December 31, 2016. Exposures: Genetic elevation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG). Main Outcomes and Measures: The association between genetic risk scores of lipid-associated SNPs and AAA risk, as well as the association between SNPs in lipid drug targets (HMGCR, CETP, and PCSK9) and AAA risk. Results: Up to 4914 cases and 48 002 controls were included in our analysis. A 1-SD genetic elevation of LDL-C was associated with increased AAA risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; 95% CI, 1.41-1.96; P = 1.1 × 10−9). For HDL-C, a 1-SD increase was associated with reduced AAA risk (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55-0.82; P = 8.3 × 10−5), whereas a 1-SD increase in triglycerides was associated with increased AAA risk (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.38-2.07; P = 5.2 × 10−7). In multivariable MR analysis and both MR-Egger and weighted median MR methods, the association of each lipid fraction with AAA risk remained largely unchanged. The LDL-C–reducing allele of rs12916 in HMGCR was associated with AAA risk (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98; P = .009). The HDL-C–raising allele of rs3764261 in CETP was associated with lower AAA risk (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85-0.94; P = 3.7 × 10−7). Finally, the LDL-C–lowering allele of rs11206510 in PCSK9 was weakly associated with a lower AAA risk (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88-1.00; P = .04), but a second independent LDL-C–lowering variant in PCSK9 (rs2479409) was not associated with AAA risk (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.92-1.02; P = .28). Conclusions and Relevance: The MR analyses in this study lend support to the hypothesis that lipids play an important role in the etiology of AAA. Analyses of individual genetic variants used as proxies for drug targets support LDL-C lowering as a potential effective treatment strategy for preventing and managing AAA.
Published: 2018
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16. Pre-operative carotid plaque echolucency assessment has no predictive value for long-term risk of stroke or cardiovascular death in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy

Author: de Waard, D, de Borst, GJ, Bulbulia, R, Pan, H, Halliday, A, and ACST-1 Collaborative Group
Subjects: cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: Introduction In patients with carotid stenosis receiving medical treatment, carotid plaque echolucency has been thought to predict risk of future stroke and of other cardiovascular events. In this study we evaluated the prognostic value of preoperative plaque echolucency for future stroke and cardiovascular death in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy in the first Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial (ACST-1). Methods In ACST-1, 1832/3120 patients underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) of whom 894 had visual echolucency assessment according to the Gray-Weale classification. During follow-up patients were monitored both for peri-procedural (ie, within 30 days) death, stroke or MI and for long-term risk of stroke or cardiovascular death. Unconditional maximum likelihood estimation was used to calculate odds ratios of peri-procedural risk and Kaplan-Meier statistics with log-rank test were used to compare cumulative long term risks. Results Of 894 operated patients in whom echolucency was assessed, 458 plaques (51%) were rated as echolucent and peri-procedural risk of death/stroke/MI in these patients was non-significantly higher when compared to patients with non-echolucent plaques (OR=1.48 [95% CI = 0.76 – 2.88], p=0.241). We found no differences in10-year risk of any stroke (30/447 [11.6%] vs 29/433 [11.0%], p=0.900) or cardiovascular (non-stroke) death (85/447 [27.9%] vs 93/433 [32.1%], p=0.301). Conclusion In ACST-1, carotid plaque echolucency assessment in patients undergoing CEA offered no predictive value with regard to perioperative or long-term stroke risk or of cardiovascular (non-stroke) death.
Published: 2017

17. Smoking is Associated to DNA Methylation in Atherosclerotic Carotid Lesions

Author: Siemelink, MA, van der Laan, S.W., Haitjema, S, van Koeverden, ID, Schaap, J, Wesseling, M, de Jager, SCA, Mokry, M, Van Iterson, Maarten, Dekkers, Koen F, Luijk, René, Foroughi Asl, Hassan, Björkegren, Johan L M, Aavik, Einari, Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo, de Borst, GJ, Asselbergs, FW, el Azzouzi, H, den Ruijter, HM, Heijmans, Bastiaan T., Pasterkamp, G, Siemelink, MA, van der Laan, S.W., Haitjema, S, van Koeverden, ID, Schaap, J, Wesseling, M, de Jager, SCA, Mokry, M, Van Iterson, Maarten, Dekkers, Koen F, Luijk, René, Foroughi Asl, Hassan, Björkegren, Johan L M, Aavik, Einari, Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo, de Borst, GJ, Asselbergs, FW, el Azzouzi, H, den Ruijter, HM, Heijmans, Bastiaan T., and Pasterkamp, G
Published: 2018

18. Smoking is Associated to DNA Methylation in Atherosclerotic Carotid Lesions

Author: Experimentele Afd. Cardiologie 1, Circulatory Health, Divisie Biomedische Genetica, Onderzoek Vrouw Hart & Vaatziekten, Team Medisch, Cardiologie, MDL onderzoek 1, Child Health, Brain, Zorgeenheid Vaatchirurgie Medisch, CDL Staf Research, Experimentele Afd. Cardiologie 2, Cardiovasculaire Immunologie, Infection & Immunity, Onderzoek Cardiovasculair Reg. Med., Siemelink, MA, van der Laan, S.W., Haitjema, S, van Koeverden, ID, Schaap, J, Wesseling, M, de Jager, SCA, Mokry, M, Van Iterson, Maarten, Dekkers, Koen F, Luijk, René, Foroughi Asl, Hassan, Björkegren, Johan L M, Aavik, Einari, Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo, de Borst, GJ, Asselbergs, FW, el Azzouzi, H, den Ruijter, HM, Heijmans, Bastiaan T., Pasterkamp, G, Experimentele Afd. Cardiologie 1, Circulatory Health, Divisie Biomedische Genetica, Onderzoek Vrouw Hart & Vaatziekten, Team Medisch, Cardiologie, MDL onderzoek 1, Child Health, Brain, Zorgeenheid Vaatchirurgie Medisch, CDL Staf Research, Experimentele Afd. Cardiologie 2, Cardiovasculaire Immunologie, Infection & Immunity, Onderzoek Cardiovasculair Reg. Med., Siemelink, MA, van der Laan, S.W., Haitjema, S, van Koeverden, ID, Schaap, J, Wesseling, M, de Jager, SCA, Mokry, M, Van Iterson, Maarten, Dekkers, Koen F, Luijk, René, Foroughi Asl, Hassan, Björkegren, Johan L M, Aavik, Einari, Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo, de Borst, GJ, Asselbergs, FW, el Azzouzi, H, den Ruijter, HM, Heijmans, Bastiaan T., and Pasterkamp, G
Published: 2018

19. Editor’s Choice e Management of Descending Thoracic Aorta Diseases Clinical Practice Guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)

Author: Riambau, V, Böckler, D, Brunkwall, J, Cao, P, Chiesa, R, Coppi, G, Czerny, M, Fraedrich, G, Haulon, S, Jacobs, Mj, Lachat, Ml, Moll, Fl, Setacci, C, Taylor, Pr, Thompson, M, Trimarchi, S, Verhagen, Hj, Verhoeven, El, Kolh, P, de Borst Gj, Chakfé, N, Debus, Es, Hinchliffe, Rj, Kakkos, S, Koncar, I, Lindholt, Js, Vega de Ceniga, M, Vermassen, F, Verzini, F, Black III Jh, Busund, R, Björck, M, Dake, M, Dick, F, Eggebrecht, H, Evangelista, A, Grabenwöger, M, Milner, R, Naylor, Ar, Ricco, Jb, Rousseau, H, and Stimuli, J
Subjects: Descending thoracic aorta, Descending thoracic aortic management, Clinical practice, Guideline, Recommendations, Thoracic aorta abnormalities, Thoracic aorta diseases, Thoracic aorta disorders, Thoraco-abdominal aorta
Published: 2017

20. Status update and interim results from the asymptomatic carotid surgery trial-2 (ACST-2)

Author: Bulbulia, R, Gray, W, Naughten, A, den Hartog, A, Delmestri, A, Wallis, C, le Conte, S, Macdonald, S, Radak, D, Nessi, F, Torsello, G, Hendriks, J, Bjorses, K, Davidovic, L, Tusini, N, Gillgren, P, Casana, R, Tolva, V, Bausback, Y, Mehrzad, A, Gottsäter, A, Esisi, B, Cras, P, Hendriks, Jm, Lauwers, P, Hertoghs, M, Van Schil, P, De Jaegher, L, Peeters, P, Verbist, J, Dendooven, D, De Letter, J, Vanhooren, G, Astarci, P, Capron, I, Choghari, C, Hammer, F, Lacroix, V, Peeters, A, Verhelst, R, Bosiers, M, De Meester, K, Deloose, K, Van Buggenhout, E, Vinck, E, Geenens, M, Hemelsoet, D, Van Herzeele, I, Vermassen, F, De Koster, G, Desiron, Q, Maertens de Noordhout, A, Malmendier, D, Massoz, M, Saad, G, Cirelli, S, Dormal, P, Lerut, P, Thues, E, Coutts, S, Demchuk, A, Hill, M, Hudon, M, Klein, G, Mcclelland, M, Morrish, W, Samis, G, Sutherland, G, Watson, T, Wong, J, Liu, B, Liu, Cw, Barankova, L, Chlouba, V, Fiedler, J, Priban, V, Sterba, L, Kalabova, L, Kriz, Z, Krupa, P, Privara, M, Reif, M, Souckova, L, Staffa, R, Vlachovsky, R, Vojtisek, B, Hrbac, T, Kuliha, M, Prochazka, V, Roubec, M, Skoloudik, D, Abd Allah, F, Eldessoki, Mh, Kassem, Hh, Gharieb, Hs, Cardon, Jm, Le Gallou Wittenberg, A, Allaire, E, Becquemin, Jp, Cochennec, F, Desgranges, P, Hosseini, H, Kobeiter, H, Marzelle, J, Bergeron, P, Padovani, R, Trastour, Jc, Biermaier, B, Gissler, Hm, Klotzsch, C, Pfeiffer, T, Schneider, R, Soehl, L, Wennrih, M, Botsios, S, Branzan, D, Braunlich, S, Holzer, H, Lenzer, J, Reichenbecher, C, Piorkowski, C, Schuster, J, Scheinert, D, Schmidt, A, Ulrich, M, Werner, M, Coster, A, Engelhardt, A, Ratusinski, Cm, Berekoven, B, Frerker, K, Gordon, V, Bellenis, I, Polydorou, A, Polydorou, V, Tavernarakis, A, Ioannou, N, Terzoudi, M, Chatzinikou, E, Giannoukas, A, Hadjigeorgiou, G, Koutsias, S, Ralli, S, Rousas, N, Nemes, B, Jàrànyi, Z, Szabo, A, Varga, D, Barzo, P, Bodosi, M, Fako, E, Fulop, B, Kuncz, A, Nagy, E, Nemeth, T, Pazdernyik, S, Skoba, K, Voros, E, Haider, Sn, Harbison, J, Madhavan, P, Moore, D, Beyar, R, Hoffman, A, Karram, T, Kerner, A, Nikolsky, E, Nitecki, S, Amatucci, G, Vittorio, P, Frederico, Marinazzo, D, Regina, G, Giaquinta, A, Patti, F, Veroux, M, Veroux, P, Adobbati, L, Bertoni, G, Bianchi, P, Cireni, L, Martello, L, Arcuri, L, Casoni, F, Coppi, G, Moratto, R, Veronesi, J, Bajardi, G, Savettieri, G, Corbetta, R, Odero, A, Quaretti, P, Thyrion, Z, Cao, P, Caso, V, Derango, P, Farchioni, L, Parlani, G, Malferrari, G, Strozzi, F, Vecchiati, E, Biello, Antonella, Capoccia, Laura, Menna, Danilo, Rizzo, ANNA RITA, Sbarigia, Enrico, Speziale, Francesco, Toni, D, Giovanni, M, Meola, G, Nano, G, Occiuto, Mt, Stegher, S, Tealdi, D, Accrocca, F, Ambrogi, C, Barbazza, R, Marcucci, G, Cappelli, A, de Donato, G, Palasciano, G, Pieragalli, D, Setacci, C, Settaci, F, Labate, C, Ferrero, E, Ferri, M, Viazzo, A, Castelli, P, Delodovici, Ml, Ferrario, M, Piffaretti, G, Tomei, G, Furui, E, Inoue, T, Kondo, R, Matsumoto, Y, Shimizu, H, Aidashova, B, Kospanov, N, Lyssenko, R, Mussagaliev, D, De Borst GJ, Den Hartog AG, Lo, R, Moll, F, Toorop, R, Van Der Worp HB, Vonken, Ej, Bakke, S, Krohg Sorensen, K, Skjelland, M, Andziak, P, Drelichowski, S, Dratwicki, M, Gil, R, Iwanowski, W, Koncewicz, K, Nowicki, M, Pniewski, J, Rzezak, J, Seweryniak, P, Bialek, P, Biejat, Z, Czepel, W, Czlonkowska, A, Dowzenko, A, Jedzrejewska, J, Kobayashi, A, Leszezyuski, J, Malek, A, Polanski, J, Proczka, R, Skorski, M, Szostek, M, Aleksic, N, Babic, S, Kolar, J, Sagic, D, Tanaskovic, S, Colic, M, Jovanovic, D, Koncar, I, Bartko, D, Beno, P, Rusnak, F, Zelenak, K, Gasparini, M, Grad, A, Kompara, I, Milosevic, Z, Flis, V, Matela, J, Miksic, K, Milotic, F, Mrdja, B, Stirn, B, Tetickovic, E, Chamorro, A, Obach, V, Riambau, V, Roman, S, Blanco, E, Izquierdo, Ay, Guerra, M, Campbell, E, Lindgren, H, Nyberg, J, Plate, G, Parsson, H, Qvarfordt, P, Acosta, S, Brandt, K, Dias, N, Gottsater, A, Holst, J, Kristmundsson, T, Kuhme, T, Kolbel, T, Lindblad, B, Lindh, M, Malina, M, Ohrlander, T, Resch, T, Rönnle, V, Sonesson, B, Warvsten, M, Zdanowski, Z, Bengt, B, Delle, M, Formgren, J, Jarl, L, Kall, Tb, Konrad, P, Nyman, N, Skioldebrand, C, Steuer, J, Takolander, R, Ahlhelm, Fj, Bonati, L, Engelter, Ss, Eugster, T, Gensicke, H, Lyrer, P, Mariani, L, Stierli, P, Stippich, C, Wolff, T, Brown, E, Butler, N, Day, Dj, Hayes, P, Higgins, N, Jumilla, E, Martin, P, Mitchell, J, Varty, K, Birt, A, Davies, P, George, J, Graham, A, Jonker, L, Joseph, T, Kelsall, N, Potts, C, Wilson, T, Davey, P, Hayman, R, Tervitt, G, Abdul Hamiq, A, Bryce, J, Chetter, I, Ettles, D, Lakshminarayan, R, Mitchelsonm, K, Rhymes, C, Robinson, G, Scott, P, Vickers, A, Baht, H, Balogun, I, Burger, I, Cowie, L, Gunathilagan, G, Hargroves, D, Insall, R, Jones, S, Rudenko, H, Senaratne, J, Thomas, G, Thomson, A, Enevoldson, P, Nahser, H, O'Brian, I, Torella, F, Watling, D, White, R, Clifton, A, Eley, C, Khanom, N, O'Reilly, J, Pereira, A, Bicknell, C, Cheshire, N, Gibbs, R, Hamady, M, James, A, Jenkins, M, Lacey, A, Mireskandari, M, Sachs, T, Wolfe, J, Hardy, D, Justin, F, Phiri, L, Sekaran, L, Sethuraman, S, Tate, L, Akyea Mensah, J, Chrisopoulou, A, Smyth, Jv, Nichol, I, Parry, A, Young, G, Clarke, M, Davis, M, Dixit, A, Dyker, A, Ford, G, Jackson, R, Kappadath, S, Lambert, D, Lees, T, Louw, S, Parr, N, Stansby, G, Wales, L, Wealleans, V, Wilson, L, Wyatt, M, Dorman, P, Hughes, A, Jones, D, Mendelow, Ad, Rodgers, H, Macsweeney, S, Mcconachie, N, Southam, A, Sunman, W, Briley, D, Darby, C, Handa, A, Hands, L, Kuker, W, Michael, K, Perkins, J, Schulz, U, Smith, D, Teal, R, Donnelly, M, D'Souza, S, Asehosem Egun, A, Gregory, B, Kelly, C, Punekar, S, Raj, S, Seriki, D, Thomson, G, Beard, J, Cleveland, T, Humphreys, J, Jenkins, A, King, C, Lonsdale, R, Nair, R, Nawaz, S, Okhuoya, F, Turner, D, Venables, G, Brown, J, Durairajan, R, Guyler, P, Harman, P, Jakeways, M, Khuoge, C, Kundu, A, Loganathan, T, Sinha, D, Thompson, V, Tysoe, S, Barer, Brown, A, Crawford, S, Dunlop, P, Majmudar, Mitchell, D, O'Brien, O'Connell, Scott, Vetrivel, S, Ashleigh, R, Butterfield, S, Gamble, G, Ghosh, J, Mccollum, C, Welch, M, Welsh, S, Kazan, V, Nazzal, M, Ramsey Williams, V, Halliday, A, Davies, C, Peto, R, Gray, A, Mihaylova, B, Potter, J, Flather, M, Mansfield, A, Farrell, B, Rahimi, K, Simpson, D, Thomas, D, Gough, M, Rothwell, P, Giles, M, Leopold, P, Belli, A, Sandercock, P, Gray, R, Shearman, C, Molyneux, A, Hayter, E, Lay, M, Munday, A, Young, A, Delmestri, A., Halliday, A, Bulbulia, R, Gray, W, Naughten, A, den Hartog, A, Delmestri, A, Wallis, C, le Conte, S, Macdonald, S, Tolva, V, Cras, Patrick, Hendriks, Jeroen, Lauwers, Patrick, van Schil, Paul, ACST-2 Collaborative Group, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - SSS/IREC/CARD - Pôle de recherche cardiovasculaire, UCL - SSS/IREC/IMAG - Pôle d'imagerie médicale, UCL - (SLuc) Service de chirurgie cardiovasculaire et thoracique, UCL - (SLuc) Service de radiologie, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de neurologie
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Carotid artery stenosis, Carotid artery stenting, Carotid endarterectomy, Randomized controlled trial, Stroke, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, Severity of Illness Index, law.invention, law, Risk Factors, MED/22 - CHIRURGIA VASCOLARE, Carotid Stenosis, Endarterectomy, Endarterectomy, Carotid, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Female, Stents, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Aged, Angioplasty, Asymptomatic Diseases, Cardiovascular Agents, Humans, Patient Selection, Risk Assessment, Asymptomatic, medicine, Carotid, business.industry, Vascular surgery, medicine.disease, Surgery, Cardiovascular agent, Human medicine, business
Abstract: Objectives: ACST-2 is currently the largest trial ever conducted to compare carotid artery stenting (CAS) with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis requiring revascularization. Methods: Patients are entered into ACST-2 when revascularization is felt to be clearly indicated, when CEA and CAS are both possible, but where there is substantial uncertainty as to which is most appropriate. Trial surgeons and interventionalists are expected to use their usual techniques and CE-approved devices. We report baseline characteristics and blinded combined interim results for 30-day mortality and major morbidity for 986 patients in the ongoing trial up to September 2012. Results: A total of 986 patients (687 men, 299 women), mean age 68.7 years (SD ± 8.1) were randomized equally to CEA or CAS. Most (96%) had ipsilateral stenosis of 70-99% (median 80%) with contralateral stenoses of 50-99% in 30% and contralateral occlusion in 8%. Patients were on appropriate medical treatment. For 691 patients undergoing intervention with at least 1-month follow-up and Rankin scoring at 6 months for any stroke, the overall serious cardiovascular event rate of periprocedural (within 30 days) disabling stroke, fatal myocardial infarction, and death at 30 days was 1.0%. Conclusions: Early ACST-2 results suggest contemporary carotid intervention for asymptomatic stenosis has a low risk of serious morbidity and mortality, on par with other recent trials. The trial continues to recruit, to monitor periprocedural events and all types of stroke, aiming to randomize up to 5,000 patients to determine any differential outcomes between interventions. Clinical trial: ISRCTN21144362. © 2013 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016

21. Histological features of carotid plaque in patients with ocular ischaemia versus cerebral events

Author: Howard, DPJ, van Lammeren, GW, Redgrave, JN, Moll, FL, de Vries, JP, de Kleijn, DPV, de Borst, GJ, Pasterkamp, G, and Rothwell, PM
Published: 2016

22. The risk of occlusion and associated events in the Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial: a 10-year prospective study

Author: den Hartog, AG, Hirt, L, Hayter, E, Moll, FL, Halliday, A, de Borst, GJ, and A-1 Collaborators
Subjects: macromolecular substances
Abstract: This study analyzes the risk of occlusion and associated neurological events in patients with severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis included in the ACST-1 trial.
Published: 2016

23. The influence of baseline risk on the relation between HbA1c and risk for new cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and symptomatic cardiovascular disease

Author: Bots, SH, van, der Graaf Y, Nathoe, HM, de, Borst GJ, Kappelle, JL, Visseren, FL, Westerink, J, Group, SMART Study, and UU BETA RESEARCH
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, HbA1c, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, Myocardial Infarction, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Glycaemic control, medicine, Journal Article, Humans, education, Stroke, High risk population, Original Investigation, Aged, Angiology, Glycated Hemoglobin, education.field_of_study, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, Vascular disease, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular disease, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cohort, Cardiology, Female, business, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Diabetic Angiopathies
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Strict glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes has proven to have microvascular benefits while the effects on CVD and mortality are less clear, especially in high risk patients. Whether strict glycaemic control would reduce the risk of future CVD or mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and pre-existing CVD, is unknown. This study aims to evaluate whether the relation between baseline HbA1c and new cardiovascular events or mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) is modified by baseline vascular risk. METHODS: A cohort of 1096 patients with type 2 diabetes and CVD from the Second Manifestations of ARTerial Disease (SMART) study was followed. The relation between HbA1c at baseline and future vascular events (composite of myocardial infarction, stroke and vascular mortality) and all-cause mortality was evaluated with Cox proportional hazard analyses in a population that was stratified for baseline risk for vascular events as calculated with the SMART risk score. The mean follow-up duration was 6.9 years for all-cause mortality and 6.4 years for vascular events, in which period 243 and 223 cases were reported, respectively. RESULTS: A 1 % increase in HbA1c was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality (HR 1.18, 95 % CI 1.06-1.31). This association was also found in the highest SMART risk quartile (HR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.11-1.60). There was no relation between HbA1c and the occurrence of cardiovascular events during follow-up (HR 1.03, 95 % CI 0.91-1.16). The interaction term between HbA1c and SMART risk score was not significantly related to any of the outcomes. CONCLUSION: In patients with type 2 diabetes and CVD, HbA1c is related to the risk of all-cause mortality, but not to the risk of cardiovascular events. The relation between HbA1c and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and vascular disease is not dependent on baseline vascular risk.
Published: 2016
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24. 10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): a multicentre randomised trial

Author: Halliday, A, Harrison, M, Hayter, E, Kong, X, Mansfield, A, Marro, J, Pan, H, Peto, R, Potter, J, Rahimi, K, Rau, A, Robertson, S, Streifler, J, Thomas, D, Fraedrich G, Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial Collaborative G. r. o. u. p., Schmidauer, C, Hölzenbein, Th, Huk, I, Haumer, M, Kretschmer, G, Metz, V, Polterauer, P, Teufelsbauer, H, Cras, P, Hendriks, J, Lauwers, P, Van Schil, P, de Souza EB, Dourado, Me, Gurgel, G, Rocha, Gm, Petrov, V, Slabakov, G, Cooper, Me, Gubitz, G, Holness, R, Howes, W, Langille, R, Legg, K, Nearing, S, Mackean, G, Mackay, M, Phillips, Sj, Sullivan, J, Wood, J, Erdelez, L, Sosa, T, Angelides, Ns, Christopoulos, G, Malikidou, A, Pesta, A, Ambler, Z, Mracek, J, Polivka, J, Rohan, V, Sevcik, P, Simaná, J, Benes, V, Kramár, F, Kaste, M, Lepäntalo, M, Soinne, L, Cardon, Jm, Legalou, A, Gengenbach, B, Pfadenhauer, K, Wölfl, Kd, Flessenkämper, I, Klumpp, Bf, Marsch, J, Kolvenbach, R, Pfeiff, T, Sandmann, W, Beyersdorf, F, Hetzel, A, Sarai, K, Schöllhorn, J, Spillner, G, Lutz, Hj, Böckler, D, Maeder, N, Busse, O, Grönniger, J, Haukamp, F, Balzer, K, Knoob, Hg, Roedig, G, Virreira, L, Franke, S, Moll, R, Schneider, J, Dayantas, J, Sechas, Mn, Tsiaza, S, Kiskinis, D, Apor, A, Dzinich, C, Entz, L, Hüttl, K, Jàrànyi, Z, Mogan, I, Nagy, Z, Szabo, A, Varga, D, Juhász, G, Mátyás, L, Hutchinson, M, Mehigan, D, Aladjem, Z, Harah, E, Elmakias, S, Gurvich, D, Yoffe, B, Ben Meir, H, Dagan, L, Karmeli, R, Keren, G, Shimony, A, Weller, B, Avrahami, R, Koren, R, Streifler, Jy, Tabachnik, S, Zelikovski, A, Angiletta, D, Federico, F, Impedovo, G, Marotta, V, Pascazio, L, Regina, G, Andreoli, A, Pozzati, E, Bonardelli, S, Giulini, Sm, Guarneri, B, Caiazzo, P, Mascoli, F, Becchi, G, Masini, R, Santoro, E, Simoni, G, Ventura, M, Scarpelli, P, Spartera, C, Arena, O, Collice, M, Puttini, M, Romani, F, Santilli, I, Segramora, V, Sterzi, R, Deriu, G, Verlato, F, Cao, Pg, Cieri, Enrico, De Rango, P, Moggi, L, Ricci, S, Antico, A, Spigonardo, F, Malferrari, G, Tusini, N, Vecchiati, E, Cavallaro, A, Kasemi, H, Marino, M, Sbarigia, E, Speziale, F, Zinicola, N, Alò, Fp, Bartolini, M, Carbonari, L, Caporelli, S, Grili Cicilioni, C, Lagalla, G, Ioannidis, G, Pagliariccio, G, Silvestrini, M, Palombo, D, Peinetti, F, Adovasio, R, Chiodo Grandi, F, Mase, G, Zamolo, F, Fregonese, V, Gonano, N, Mozzon, L, Blair, R, Chuen, J, Ferrar, D, Garbowski, M, Hamilton, Mj, Holdaway, C, Muthu, S, Shakibaie, F, Vasudevan, Tm, Kroese, A, Slagsvold, Ce, Dahl, T, Johnsen, Hj, Lange, C, Myhre, Ho, Gniadek, J, Andziak, P, Elwertowski, M, Leszczynski, J, Malek, Ak, Mieszkowski, J, Noszczyk, W, Szostek, M, Toutounchi, S, Correia, C, Pereira, Mc, Akchurin, Rs, Flis, V, Miksic, K, Stirn, B, Tetickovic, E, Cairols, M, Capdevila, Jm, Iborra Ortega, E, Obach, V, Riambau, V, Vidal Barraquer, F, Vila Coll, R, Diaz Vidal, E, Iglesias Negreia JI, Tovar Pardo, A, Iglesias, Rj, Alfageme, Af, Barba Velez, A, Estallo Laliena, L, Garcia Monco JC, Gonzalez, Lr, Corominas, C, Julia, J, Lozano, P, Marti Masso JF, Porta, Rm, Carrera, Ar, Gomez, J, Blomstrand, C, Gelin, J, Holm, J, Karlström, L, Mattsson, E, Bornhov, S, Dahlstrom, J, De Pedis, G, Jensen, Sm, Pärsson, H, Plate, G, Qvarfordt, P, Arvidsson, B, Brattström, L, Forssell, C, Potemkowski, A, Skiöldebrand, C, Stoor, P, Blomqvist, M, Calander, M, Lundgren, F, Almqvist, H, Norgren, L, Norrving, B, Ribbe, E, Thörne, J, Gottsäter, A, Mätzsch, T, Nilsson, Me, Lonsson, M, Stahre, B, Stenberg, B, Konrad, P, Jarl, L, Lundqvist, L, Olofsson, P, Rosfors, S, Swedenborg, J, Takolander, R, Bergqvist, D, Ljungman, C, Kniemeyer, Hw, Widmer, Mk, Kuster, R, Kaiser, R, Nagel, W, Sege, D, Weder, B, De Nie, J, Doelman, J, Yilmaz, N, Buth, J, Stultiens, G, Boiten, J, Boon, A, van der Linden, F, Busman, Dc, Sinnige, Ha, Yo, Ti, de Borst GJ, Eikelboom, Bc, Kappelle, Lj, Moll, F, Dortland, Rw, Westra, Te, Jaber, H, Manaa, J, Meftah, Rb, Nabil, Br, Sraieb, T, Bateman, D, Budd, J, Horrocks, M, Kivela, M, Shaw, L, Walker, R, D'Sa, Aa, Fullerton, K, Hannon, R, Hood, Jm, Lee, B, Mcguigan, K, Morrow, J, Reid, J, Soong, Cv, Simms, M, Baird, R, Campbell, M, Cole, S, Ferguson, It, Lamont, P, Mitchell, D, Sassano, A, Smith, Fc, Blake, K, Kirkpatrick, Pj, Martin, P, Turner, C, Clegg, Jf, Crosley, M, Hall, J, De Cossart, L, Edwards, P, Fletcher, D, Rosser, S, Mccollum, Pt, Davidson, D, Levison, R, Bradbury, Aw, Chalmers, Rt, Dennis, M, Murie, J, Ruckley, Cv, Sandercock, P, Campbell, Wb, Frankel, T, Gardner Thorpe, C, Gutowski, N, Hardie, R, Honan, W, Niblett, P, Peters, A, Ridler, B, Thompson, Jf, Bone, I, Welch, G, Grocott, Ec, Overstall, P, Aldoori, Mi, Dafalla, Be, Bryce, J, Clarke, C, Ming, A, Wilkinson, Ar, Bamford, J, Berridge, D, Scott, J, Abbott, Rj, Naylor, R, Harris, P, Humphrey, P, Adiseshiah, M, Aukett, M, Baker, D, Bishop, Cc, Boutin, A, Brown, M, Burke, P, Burnand, Kg, Colchester, A, Coward, L, Davies, Ah, Espasandin, M, Giddings, Ae, Hamilton, G, Judge, C, Kakkos, S, Mcguiness, C, Morris Vincent, P, Nicolaides, A, Padayachee, Ts, Riordan, H, Sullivan, E, Taylor, P, Thompson, M, Wolfe, Jh, Mccollum, Cn, O'Neill, Pa, Welsh, S, Barnes, J, Cleland, P, Davis, M, Gholkar, A, Jones, R, Jaykishnam, V, Mendelow, Ad, O'Connell, Je, Siddique, Ms, Stansby, G, Vivar, R, Ashley, S, Cosgrove, C, Gibson, J, Wilkins, Dc, Chant, Ad, Frankel, J, Shearman, Cp, Williams, J, Hall, G, Holdsworth, R, Davies, Jn, Mclean, B, Woodburn, Kr, Brown, G, Curley, P, Loizou, L, Chaturvedi, S, Diaz, F, Radak, D, Todorovic, Pr, Kamugasha, D, Baxter, A, Berry, C, Burrett, J, Collins, R, Crowther, J, Davies, C, Farrell, B, Godwin, J, Gray, R, Harwood, C, Hirt, L, Hope, C, Knight, S, Lay, M, Munday, A, Murawska, A, Peto, Cg, Radley, A, Richards, S., Cras, Patrick, van Schil, Paul, et al., Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial (ACST) Collaborative Group, Halliday, A, Harrison, M, Hayter, E, Kong, X, Mansfield, A, Marro, J, Pan, H, Peto, R, Potter, J, Rahimi, K, Rau, A, Robertson, S, Streifler, J, Thomas, D, Adovasio, Roberto, and Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial Collaborative, Group
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Carotid endarterectomy, Aged, 80 and over, Carotid Stenosis, Endarterectomy, Carotid, Female, Humans, Incidence, Middle Aged, Primary Prevention, Stroke, Treatment Outcome, Stroke/epidemiology, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Aged, 80 and over, Endarterectomy, Carotid, endarterectomy, Carotid Stenosis/mortality, Incidence (epidemiology), Carotid*/mortality, General Medicine, Carotid Stenosis | Internal Carotid Artery | Endarterectomy, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, Asymptomatic, Internal medicine, asymptomatic carotid artery stenosi, medicine, asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, business.industry, Carotid Stenosis/complications, Stroke/prevention & control, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Surgery, Stenosis, Human medicine, business
Abstract: SummaryBackgroundIf carotid artery narrowing remains asymptomatic (ie, has caused no recent stroke or other neurological symptoms), successful carotid endarterectomy (CEA) reduces stroke incidence for some years. We assessed the long-term effects of successful CEA.MethodsBetween 1993 and 2003, 3120 asymptomatic patients from 126 centres in 30 countries were allocated equally, by blinded minimised randomisation, to immediate CEA (median delay 1 month, IQR 0·3–2·5) or to indefinite deferral of any carotid procedure, and were followed up until death or for a median among survivors of 9 years (IQR 6–11). The primary outcomes were perioperative mortality and morbidity (death or stroke within 30 days) and non-perioperative stroke. Kaplan-Meier percentages and logrank p values are from intention-to-treat analyses. This study is registered, number ISRCTN26156392.Findings1560 patients were allocated immediate CEA versus 1560 allocated deferral of any carotid procedure. The proportions operated on while still asymptomatic were 89·7% versus 4·8% at 1 year (and 92·1% vs 16·5% at 5 years). Perioperative risk of stroke or death within 30 days was 3·0% (95% CI 2·4–3·9; 26 non-disabling strokes plus 34 disabling or fatal perioperative events in 1979 CEAs). Excluding perioperative events and non-stroke mortality, stroke risks (immediate vs deferred CEA) were 4·1% versus 10·0% at 5 years (gain 5·9%, 95% CI 4·0–7·8) and 10·8% versus 16·9% at 10 years (gain 6·1%, 2·7–9·4); ratio of stroke incidence rates 0·54, 95% CI 0·43–0·68, p
Published: 2010
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25. Pharmacology for Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Netherlands; Patient Journey and Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Prescription

Author: Brand, AR, primary, Houben, E, additional, Bezemer, I, additional, Herings, R, additional, and de Borst, GJ, additional
Published: 2017
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26. Risk Factors For Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, or Death Following Carotid Endarterectomy: Results From the International Carotid Stenting Study

Author: Doig, D, Turner, EL, Dobson, J, Featherstone, RL, de Borst, GJ, Stansby, G, Beard, JD, Engelter, ST, Richards, T, Brown, MM, and ICSS Investigators
Subjects: cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is standard treatment for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis but carries a risk of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), or death. This study investigated risk factors for these procedural complications occurring within 30 days of endarterectomy in the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS). METHODS: Patients with recently symptomatic carotid stenosis >50% were randomly allocated to endarterectomy or stenting. Analysis is reported of patients in ICSS assigned to endarterectomy and limited to those in whom CEA was initiated. The occurrence of stroke, MI, or death within 30 days of the procedure was reported by investigators and adjudicated. Demographic and technical risk factors for these complications were analysed sequentially in a binomial regression analysis and subsequently in a multivariable model. RESULTS: Eight-hundred and twenty-one patients were included in the analysis. The risk of stroke, MI, or death within 30 days of CEA was 4.0%. The risk was higher in female patients (risk ratio [RR] 1.98, 95% CI 1.02-3.87, p = .05) and with increasing baseline diastolic blood pressure (dBP) (RR 1.30 per +10 mmHg, 95% CI 1.02-1.66, p = .04). Mean baseline dBP, obtained at the time of randomization in the trial, was 78 mmHg (SD 13 mmHg). In a multivariable model, only dBP remained a significant predictor. The risk was not related to the type of surgical reconstruction, anaesthetic technique, or perioperative medication regimen. Patients undergoing CEA stayed a median of 4 days before discharge, and 21.2% of events occurred on or after the day of discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing diastolic blood pressure was the only independent risk factor for stroke, MI, or death following CEA. Cautious attention to blood pressure control following symptoms attributable to carotid stenosis could reduce the risks associated with subsequent CEA.
Published: 2015

27. Erratum to “Choices of Stent and Cerebral Protection in the Ongoing ACST-2 Trial: A Descriptive Study” (European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (2017) 53(5) (617–625) (S1078588417300424) (10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.12.034))

Author: de Waard, DD, Halliday, A, de Borst, GJ, Bulbulia, R, Huibers, A, Casana, R, Bonati, LH, Tolva, V, Fraedrich, G, Rantner, B, Gizewski, E, Gruber, I, Hendriks, J, Cras, P, Lauwers, P, van Scheil, P, Vermassen, F, Van Herzeele, I, Geenens, M, Hemelsoet, D, Lerut, P, Lambrecht, B, Saad, G, Peeters, Anna, Bosiers, M, da Silva, E, de Luccia, N, Sitrangulo, JC, Estenssoro, AEV, Presti, C, Casella, I, Monteiro, JAT, Campos, W, Puech-Leao, P, Petrov, V, Bachvarov, C, Hill, M, Mitha, A, Wong, J, Liu, CW, Bao, L, Yu, C, Cvjetko, I, Vidjak, V, Fiedler, J, Ostry, S, Sterba, L, Kostal, P, Staffa, R, Vlachovsky, R, Privara, M, Kriz, Z, Vojtisek, B, Krupa, P, Reif, M, Benes, V, Buchvald, P, Endrych, L, Prochazka, V, Kuliha, M, Otahal, D, Hrbac, T, Netuka, D, Mohapl, M, Kramier, F, Eldessoki, M, Heshmat, H, Abd-Allah, F, Palmiste, V, Margus, S, Toomsoo, T, Becquemin, JP, Bergeron, P, Abdulamit, T, Cardon, JM, Debus, S, Thomalla, G, Fiehler, J, Gerloss, C, Grzyska, U, Storck, M, LaMacchia, E, Eckstein, HH, Söllner, H, Berger, H, Kallmayer, M, Popert, H, Zimmermann, A, Guenther, A, Klingner, C, Mayer, T, Schubert, J, Zanow, J, Scheinert, D, Banning-Eichenseer, U, Bausback, Y, Branzan, D, Braünilch, S, Lenzer, J, Schidt, A, de Waard, DD, Halliday, A, de Borst, GJ, Bulbulia, R, Huibers, A, Casana, R, Bonati, LH, Tolva, V, Fraedrich, G, Rantner, B, Gizewski, E, Gruber, I, Hendriks, J, Cras, P, Lauwers, P, van Scheil, P, Vermassen, F, Van Herzeele, I, Geenens, M, Hemelsoet, D, Lerut, P, Lambrecht, B, Saad, G, Peeters, Anna, Bosiers, M, da Silva, E, de Luccia, N, Sitrangulo, JC, Estenssoro, AEV, Presti, C, Casella, I, Monteiro, JAT, Campos, W, Puech-Leao, P, Petrov, V, Bachvarov, C, Hill, M, Mitha, A, Wong, J, Liu, CW, Bao, L, Yu, C, Cvjetko, I, Vidjak, V, Fiedler, J, Ostry, S, Sterba, L, Kostal, P, Staffa, R, Vlachovsky, R, Privara, M, Kriz, Z, Vojtisek, B, Krupa, P, Reif, M, Benes, V, Buchvald, P, Endrych, L, Prochazka, V, Kuliha, M, Otahal, D, Hrbac, T, Netuka, D, Mohapl, M, Kramier, F, Eldessoki, M, Heshmat, H, Abd-Allah, F, Palmiste, V, Margus, S, Toomsoo, T, Becquemin, JP, Bergeron, P, Abdulamit, T, Cardon, JM, Debus, S, Thomalla, G, Fiehler, J, Gerloss, C, Grzyska, U, Storck, M, LaMacchia, E, Eckstein, HH, Söllner, H, Berger, H, Kallmayer, M, Popert, H, Zimmermann, A, Guenther, A, Klingner, C, Mayer, T, Schubert, J, Zanow, J, Scheinert, D, Banning-Eichenseer, U, Bausback, Y, Branzan, D, Braünilch, S, Lenzer, J, and Schidt, A
Published: 2017

28. Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits

Author: Justice, AE, Winkler, TW, Feitosa, MF, Graff, M, Fisher, V A, Young, K, Barata, L, Deng, X, Czajkowski, J, Hadley, D, Ngwa, JS, Ahluwalia, TS, Chu, AY, Heard-Costa, NL, Lim, E, Perez, J, Eicher, JD, Kutalik, Z, Xue, L, Mahajan, A, Renstrom, F, Wu, J, Qi, QB, Ahmad, Shahzad, Alfred, T, Amin, Najaf, Bielak, LF, Bonnefond, A, Bragg, J, Cadby, G, Chittani, M, Coggeshall, S, Corre, T, Direk, N, Eriksson, J, Fischer, K, Gorski, M, Harder, MN, Horikoshi, M, Huang, T, Huffman, JE, Jackson, AU, Justesen, JM, Kanoni, S, Kinnunen, L, Kleber, ME, Komulainen, P, Kumari, M, Lim, U, Luan, J, Lyytikainen, LP, Mangino, M, Manichaikul, A, Marten, J, Middelberg, RPS, Mueller-Nurasyid, M, Navarro, P, Perusse, L, Pervjakova, N, Sarti, C, Smith, AV, Smith, JA, Stancakova, A, Strawbridge, RJ, Stringham, HM, Sung, YJ, Tanaka, T, Teumer, A, Trompet, S, van der Laan, SW, van der Most, PJ, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, JV, Vedantam, SL, Verweij, N (Niek), Vink, JM, Vitart, V, Wu, Fenny, Yengo, L, Zhang, WH, Zhao, JH, Zimmermann, ME, Zubair, N, Abecasis, GR, Adair, LS, Afaq, S, Afzal, U, Bakker, SJL, Bartz, TM, Beilby, J, Bergman, RN, Bergmann, S, Biffar, R, Blangero, J, Boerwinkle, E, Bonnycastle, LL, Bottinger, E, Braga, D, Buckley, BM, Buyske, S, Campbell, H, Chambers, JC, Collins, FS, Curran, JE, de Borst, GJ, de Craen, AJM, de Geus, EJC, Dedoussis, G, Delgado, GE, den Ruijter, HM, Eiriksdottir, G, Eriksson, AL, Esko, T, Faul, JD, Ford, I, Forrester, T, Gertow, K, Gigante, B, Glorioso, N, Gong, J, Grallert, H, Grammer, TB, Grarup, N, Haitjema, S, Hallmans, G, Hamsten, A, Hansen, T, Harris, TB, Hartman, CA, Hassinen, M, Hastie, ND, Heath, AC, Hernandez, D, Hindorff, L, Hocking, LJ, Hollensted, M, Holmen, OL, Homuth, G, Hottenga, JJ, Huang, J, Hung, J, Hutri-Kahonen, N, Ingelsson, E, James, AL, Jansson, JO, Jarvelin, MR, Jhun, MA, Jorgensen, ME, Juonala, M, Kahonen, M, Karlsson, M, Koistinen, HA, Kolcic, I, Kolovou, G, Kooperberg, C, Kramer, BK, Kuusisto, J, Kvaloy, K, Lakka, TA, Langenberg, C, Launer, LJ, Leander, K, Lee, NR, Lind, L, Lindgren, CM, Linneberg, A, Lobbens, S, Loh, M, Lorentzon, M, Luben, R, Lubke, G, Ludolph-Donislawski, A, Lupoli, S, Madden, PAF, Mannikko, R, Marques-Vidal, P, Martin, NG, McKenzie, CA, McKnight, B, Mellstrom, D, Menni, C, Montgomery, GW, Musk, AW, Narisu, N, Nauck, M, Nolte, IM, Oldehinkel, AJ, Olden, M, Ong, KK, Padmanabhan, S, Peyser, PA, Pisinger, C, Porteous, DJ, Raitakari, OT, Rankinen, T, Rao, DC, Rasmussen-Torvik, LJ, Rawal, R, Rice, T, Ridker, PM, Rose, LM, Bien, SA, Rudan, I, Sanna, S, Sarzynski, MA, Sattar, N, Savonen, K, Schlessinger, D, Scholtens, s, Schurmann, C, Scott, RA, Sennblad, B, Siemelink, MA, Silbernagel, G, Slagboom, PE (Eline), Snieder, H, Staessen, JA, Stott, DJ, Swertz, MA, Swift, AJ, Taylor, KD, Tayo, BO, Thorand, B, Thuillier, D, Tuomilehto, J, Uitterlinden, André, Vandenput, L, Vohl, MC, Volzke, H, Vonk, JM, Waeber, G, Waldenberger, M, Westendorp, RGJ, Wild, S, Willemsen, G, Wolffenbuttel, BHR, Wong, A, Wright, AF, Zhao, W, Zillikens, M.C., Baldassarre, D, Balkau, B, Bandinelli, S, Boger, CA, Boomsma, DI, Bouchard, C, Bruinenberg, M, Chasman, DI, Chen, YDI, Chines, PS, Cooper, RS, Cucca, F, Cusi, D, de Faire, U, Ferrucci, L, Franks, PW, Froguel, P, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grabe, HJ, Gudnason, V, Haiman, CA, Hayward, C, Hveem, K, Johnson, AD, Jukema, W, Kardia, SLR, Kivimaki, M, Kooner, JS, Kuh, D, Laakso, M, Lehtimaki, T, Le Marchand, L, Marz, W, McCarthy, MI, Metspalu, A, Morris, AP, Ohlsson, C, Palmer, LJ, Pasterkamp, G, Pedersen, O, Peters, A, Peters, U, Polasek, O, Psaty, BM, Qi, L, Rauramaa, R, Smith, BH, Sorensen, TIA, Strauch, K, Tiemeier, Henning, Tremoli, E, van der Harst, P, Vestergaard, H, Vollenweider, P, Wareham, NJ, Weir, DR, Whitfield, JB, Wilson, JF, Tyrrell, J, Frayling, TM, Barroso, I, Boehnke, M, Deloukas, P, Fox, CS, Hirschhorn, JN, Hunter, DJ, Spector, TD, Strachan, DP, Duijn, Cornelia, Heid, IM, Mohlke, KL, Marchini, J, Loos, RJF, Kilpelainen, TO, Liu, CT, Borecki, IB, North, KE, Cupples, LA, Justice, AE, Winkler, TW, Feitosa, MF, Graff, M, Fisher, V A, Young, K, Barata, L, Deng, X, Czajkowski, J, Hadley, D, Ngwa, JS, Ahluwalia, TS, Chu, AY, Heard-Costa, NL, Lim, E, Perez, J, Eicher, JD, Kutalik, Z, Xue, L, Mahajan, A, Renstrom, F, Wu, J, Qi, QB, Ahmad, Shahzad, Alfred, T, Amin, Najaf, Bielak, LF, Bonnefond, A, Bragg, J, Cadby, G, Chittani, M, Coggeshall, S, Corre, T, Direk, N, Eriksson, J, Fischer, K, Gorski, M, Harder, MN, Horikoshi, M, Huang, T, Huffman, JE, Jackson, AU, Justesen, JM, Kanoni, S, Kinnunen, L, Kleber, ME, Komulainen, P, Kumari, M, Lim, U, Luan, J, Lyytikainen, LP, Mangino, M, Manichaikul, A, Marten, J, Middelberg, RPS, Mueller-Nurasyid, M, Navarro, P, Perusse, L, Pervjakova, N, Sarti, C, Smith, AV, Smith, JA, Stancakova, A, Strawbridge, RJ, Stringham, HM, Sung, YJ, Tanaka, T, Teumer, A, Trompet, S, van der Laan, SW, van der Most, PJ, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, JV, Vedantam, SL, Verweij, N (Niek), Vink, JM, Vitart, V, Wu, Fenny, Yengo, L, Zhang, WH, Zhao, JH, Zimmermann, ME, Zubair, N, Abecasis, GR, Adair, LS, Afaq, S, Afzal, U, Bakker, SJL, Bartz, TM, Beilby, J, Bergman, RN, Bergmann, S, Biffar, R, Blangero, J, Boerwinkle, E, Bonnycastle, LL, Bottinger, E, Braga, D, Buckley, BM, Buyske, S, Campbell, H, Chambers, JC, Collins, FS, Curran, JE, de Borst, GJ, de Craen, AJM, de Geus, EJC, Dedoussis, G, Delgado, GE, den Ruijter, HM, Eiriksdottir, G, Eriksson, AL, Esko, T, Faul, JD, Ford, I, Forrester, T, Gertow, K, Gigante, B, Glorioso, N, Gong, J, Grallert, H, Grammer, TB, Grarup, N, Haitjema, S, Hallmans, G, Hamsten, A, Hansen, T, Harris, TB, Hartman, CA, Hassinen, M, Hastie, ND, Heath, AC, Hernandez, D, Hindorff, L, Hocking, LJ, Hollensted, M, Holmen, OL, Homuth, G, Hottenga, JJ, Huang, J, Hung, J, Hutri-Kahonen, N, Ingelsson, E, James, AL, Jansson, JO, Jarvelin, MR, Jhun, MA, Jorgensen, ME, Juonala, M, Kahonen, M, Karlsson, M, Koistinen, HA, Kolcic, I, Kolovou, G, Kooperberg, C, Kramer, BK, Kuusisto, J, Kvaloy, K, Lakka, TA, Langenberg, C, Launer, LJ, Leander, K, Lee, NR, Lind, L, Lindgren, CM, Linneberg, A, Lobbens, S, Loh, M, Lorentzon, M, Luben, R, Lubke, G, Ludolph-Donislawski, A, Lupoli, S, Madden, PAF, Mannikko, R, Marques-Vidal, P, Martin, NG, McKenzie, CA, McKnight, B, Mellstrom, D, Menni, C, Montgomery, GW, Musk, AW, Narisu, N, Nauck, M, Nolte, IM, Oldehinkel, AJ, Olden, M, Ong, KK, Padmanabhan, S, Peyser, PA, Pisinger, C, Porteous, DJ, Raitakari, OT, Rankinen, T, Rao, DC, Rasmussen-Torvik, LJ, Rawal, R, Rice, T, Ridker, PM, Rose, LM, Bien, SA, Rudan, I, Sanna, S, Sarzynski, MA, Sattar, N, Savonen, K, Schlessinger, D, Scholtens, s, Schurmann, C, Scott, RA, Sennblad, B, Siemelink, MA, Silbernagel, G, Slagboom, PE (Eline), Snieder, H, Staessen, JA, Stott, DJ, Swertz, MA, Swift, AJ, Taylor, KD, Tayo, BO, Thorand, B, Thuillier, D, Tuomilehto, J, Uitterlinden, André, Vandenput, L, Vohl, MC, Volzke, H, Vonk, JM, Waeber, G, Waldenberger, M, Westendorp, RGJ, Wild, S, Willemsen, G, Wolffenbuttel, BHR, Wong, A, Wright, AF, Zhao, W, Zillikens, M.C., Baldassarre, D, Balkau, B, Bandinelli, S, Boger, CA, Boomsma, DI, Bouchard, C, Bruinenberg, M, Chasman, DI, Chen, YDI, Chines, PS, Cooper, RS, Cucca, F, Cusi, D, de Faire, U, Ferrucci, L, Franks, PW, Froguel, P, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grabe, HJ, Gudnason, V, Haiman, CA, Hayward, C, Hveem, K, Johnson, AD, Jukema, W, Kardia, SLR, Kivimaki, M, Kooner, JS, Kuh, D, Laakso, M, Lehtimaki, T, Le Marchand, L, Marz, W, McCarthy, MI, Metspalu, A, Morris, AP, Ohlsson, C, Palmer, LJ, Pasterkamp, G, Pedersen, O, Peters, A, Peters, U, Polasek, O, Psaty, BM, Qi, L, Rauramaa, R, Smith, BH, Sorensen, TIA, Strauch, K, Tiemeier, Henning, Tremoli, E, van der Harst, P, Vestergaard, H, Vollenweider, P, Wareham, NJ, Weir, DR, Whitfield, JB, Wilson, JF, Tyrrell, J, Frayling, TM, Barroso, I, Boehnke, M, Deloukas, P, Fox, CS, Hirschhorn, JN, Hunter, DJ, Spector, TD, Strachan, DP, Duijn, Cornelia, Heid, IM, Mohlke, KL, Marchini, J, Loos, RJF, Kilpelainen, TO, Liu, CT, Borecki, IB, North, KE, and Cupples, LA
Published: 2017

29. HMG-coenzyme A reductase inhibition, type 2 diabetes, and bodyweight: Evidence from genetic analysis and randomised trials

Author: Swerdlow, DI, Preiss, D, Kuchenbaecker, KB, Holmes, MV, Engmann, JEL, Shah, T, Sofat, R, Stender, S, Johnson, PCD, Scott, RA, Leusink, M, Verweij, N, Sharp, SJ, Guo, Y, Giambartolomei, C, Chung, C, Peasey, A, Amuzu, A, Li, K, Palmen, J, Howard, P, Cooper, JA, Drenos, F, Li, YR, Lowe, G, Gallacher, J, Stewart, MCW, Tzoulaki, I, Buxbaum, SG, Van Der A, DL, Forouhi, NG, Onland-Moret, NC, Van Der Schouw, YT, Schnabel, RB, Hubacek, JA, Kubinova, R, Baceviciene, M, Tamosiunas, A, Pajak, A, Topor-Madry, R, Stepaniak, U, Malyutina, S, Baldassarre, D, Sennblad, B, Tremoli, E, De Faire, U, Veglia, F, Ford, I, Jukema, JW, Westendorp, RGJ, De Borst, GJ, De Jong, PA, Algra, A, Spiering, W, Der Zee, AHMV, Klungel, OH, De Boer, A, Doevendans, PA, Eaton, CB, Robinson, JG, Duggan, D, Kjekshus, J, Downs, JR, Gotto, AM, Keech, AC, Marchioli, R, Tognoni, G, Sever, PS, Poulter, NR, Waters, DD, Pedersen, TR, Amarenco, P, Nakamura, H, McMurray, JJV, Lewsey, JD, Chasman, DI, Ridker, PM, Maggioni, AP, Tavazzi, L, Ray, KK, Seshasai, SRK, Manson, JE, Price, JF, Whincup, PH, Morris, RW, and Lawlor, DA
Abstract: © 2015 Swerdlow et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY. Background Statins increase the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to assess whether this increase in risk is a consequence of inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the intended drug target. Methods We used single nucleotide polymorphisms in the HMGCR gene, rs17238484 (for the main analysis) and rs12916 (for a subsidiary analysis) as proxies for HMGCR inhibition by statins. We examined associations of these variants with plasma lipid, glucose, and insulin concentrations; bodyweight; waist circumference; and prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes. Study-specific effect estimates per copy of each LDL-lowering allele were pooled by meta-analysis. These findings were compared with a meta-analysis of new-onset type 2 diabetes and bodyweight change data from randomised trials of statin drugs. The effects of statins in each randomised trial were assessed using meta-analysis. Findings Data were available for up to 223 463 individuals from 43 genetic studies. Each additional rs17238484-G allele was associated with a mean 0·06 mmol/L (95% CI 0·05-0·07) lower LDL cholesterol and higher body weight (0·30 kg, 0·18-0·43), waist circumference (0·32 cm, 0·16-0·47), plasma insulin concentration (1·62%, 0·53-2·72), and plasma glucose concentration (0·23%, 0·02-0·44). The rs12916 SNP had similar effects on LDL cholesterol, bodyweight, and waist circumference. The rs17238484-G allele seemed to be associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio [OR] per allele 1·02, 95% CI 1·00-1·05); the rs12916-T allele association was consistent (1·06, 1·03-1·09). In 129 170 individuals in randomised trials, statins lowered LDL cholesterol by 0·92 mmol/L (95% CI 0·18-1·67) at 1-year of follow-up, increased bodyweight by 0·24 kg (95% CI 0·10-0·38 in all trials; 0·33 kg, 95% CI 0·24-0·42 in placebo or standard care controlled trials and -0·15 kg, 95% CI -0·39 to 0·08 in intensive-dose vs moderate-dose trials) at a mean of 4·2 years (range 1·9-6·7) of follow-up, and increased the odds of new-onset type 2 diabetes (OR 1·12, 95% CI 1·06-1·18 in all trials; 1·11, 95% CI 1·03-1·20 in placebo or standard care controlled trials and 1·12, 95% CI 1·04-1·22 in intensive-dose vs moderate dose trials). Interpretation The increased risk of type 2 diabetes noted with statins is at least partially explained by HMGCR inhibition. Funding The funding sources are cited at the end of the paper.
Published: 2015
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30. Incidence, impact, and predictors of cranial nerve palsy and haematoma following carotid endarterectomy in the international carotid stenting study

Author: Doig, D, Turner, EL, Dobson, J, Featherstone, RL, de Borst, GJ, Brown, MM, Richards, T, and ICSS Investigators
Subjects: cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cranial nerve palsy (CNP) and neck haematoma are complications of carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The effects of patient factors and surgical technique were analysed on the risk, and impact on disability, of CNP or haematoma in the surgical arm of the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS), a randomized controlled clinical trial of stenting versus CEA in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A per-protocol analysis of early outcome in patients receiving CEA in ICSS is reported. Haematoma was defined by the surgeon. CNP was confirmed by an independent neurologist. Factors associated with the risk of CNP and haematoma were investigated in a binomial regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the patients undergoing CEA, 45/821 (5.5%) developed CNP, one of which was disabling (modified Rankin score = 3 at 1 month). Twenty-eight (3.4%) developed severe haematoma. Twelve patients with haematoma also had CNP, a significant association (p < .01). Independent risk factors modifying the risk of CNP were cardiac failure (risk ratio [RR] 2.66, 95% CI 1.11 to 6.40), female sex (RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.20), the degree of contralateral carotid stenosis, and time from randomization to treatment >14 days (RR 3.33, 95% CI 1.05 to 10.57). The risk of haematoma was increased in women, by the prescription of anticoagulant drugs pre-procedure and in patients with atrial fibrillation, and was decreased in patients in whom a shunt was used and in those with a higher baseline cholesterol level. CONCLUSIONS: CNP remains relatively common after CEA, but is rarely disabling. Women should be warned about an increased risk. Attention to haemostasis might reduce the incidence of CNP. ICSS is a registered clinical trial: ISRCTN 25337470.
Published: 2014

31. Clinical Experience amongst Surgeons in the Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial-1

Author: Huibers, A, de Waard, D, Bulbulia, R, de Borst, GJ, Halliday, A, Huibers, A, de Waard, D, Bulbulia, R, de Borst, GJ, and Halliday, A
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hospital volume may influence the outcomes of carotid revascularization, but in trials the effect of the clinical experience of individual surgeons on procedural outcome is less certain. We assessed perioperative event rates amongst centers with different trial entry volumes and also the effects of individual operator experience in the first Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial-1 (ACST-1). METHODS: In 126 centers participating in ACST-1, surgeons were classified according to their in-trial experience (group A: 50 cases; group B: 51-100 cases; group C: >100 cases), center enrolment volume (group I: <30 patients; group II: 30-75 patients; group III: >75 patients) and center annual hospital volume (group 1: <40 carotid endarterectomies (CEAs); group 2: 40-75 CEAs; group 3: >75 cases). Differences in perioperative event rates were compared using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In centers with the most clinical experience compared with those with least experience (groups C vs. A), the number of strokes or deaths was 8 of 275 (2.9%) versus 24 of 810 (3.0%) with OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.44-2.25, p = 0.986). Numbers of strokes or death in high enrolment centers compared with those in low enrolment centers (groups III vs. I) was 20 of 680 (2.9%) versus 21 of 580 (3.6%) with OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.43-1.51, p = 0.921). In centers with a high annual volume compared with those of low annual volume (groups 3 vs. 1), numbers of strokes and death were non-significantly lower, 26 of 823 (3.2%) versus 19 of 422 (4.5%) with OR 0.68 (95% CI 0.37-1.26, p = 0.386). Cumulative stroke risk at 5 and 10 years were similar among different levels of reported clinical experience, enrolment volume and annual hospital volume. CONCLUSION: Although our data did not demonstrate an association between perioperative complications and operators' experience, enrolment volume or annual hospital volume, rates of stroke or death were numerically lower in both high enrolment and high annual volume ce
Published: 2016

32. The influence of baseline risk on the relation between HbA1c and risk for new cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and symptomatic cardiovascular disease.

Author: UU BETA RESEARCH, Bots, SH, van, der Graaf Y, Nathoe, HM, de, Borst GJ, Kappelle, JL, Visseren, FL, Westerink, J, Group, SMART Study, UU BETA RESEARCH, Bots, SH, van, der Graaf Y, Nathoe, HM, de, Borst GJ, Kappelle, JL, Visseren, FL, Westerink, J, and Group, SMART Study
Published: 2016

33. Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome: suggestions for diagnostic and therapeutic clues

Author: Metz, Roderik, de Borst, GJ, Verhagen, Hence, Moll, FL, and Surgery
Published: 2011

34. Compressiesyndroom van de A. Poplitea

Author: Metz, Roderik, de Borst, GJ, Verhagen, Hence, Moll, FL, and Surgery
Published: 2011

35. Ischemic Brain Lesions After Carotid Artery Stenting Increase Future Cerebrovascular Risk

Author: Gensicke, H, van der Worp, HB, Nederkoorn, PJ, Macdonald, S, Gaines, PA, van der Lugt, Aad, Mali, WPTM, Lyrer, PA, Peters, N, Featherstone, RL, de Borst, GJ, Engelter, ST, Brown, MM, Bonati, LH, Gensicke, H, van der Worp, HB, Nederkoorn, PJ, Macdonald, S, Gaines, PA, van der Lugt, Aad, Mali, WPTM, Lyrer, PA, Peters, N, Featherstone, RL, de Borst, GJ, Engelter, ST, Brown, MM, and Bonati, LH
Abstract: BACKGROUND Brain lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) are frequently found after carotid artery stenting (CAS), but their clinical relevance remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This study sought to investigate whether periprocedural ischemic DWI lesions after CAS or carotid endarterectomy (CEA) are associated with an increased risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events. METHODS In the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) substudy of ICSS (International Carotid Stenting Study), 231 patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis were randomized to undergo CAS (n = 124) or CEA (n = 107). MRIs were performed 1 to 7 days before and 1 to 3 days after treatment. The primary outcome event was stroke or transient ischemic attack in any territory occurring between the post-treatment MRI and the end of follow-up. Time to occurrence of the primary outcome event was compared between patients with (DWI+) and without (DWI-) new DWI lesions on the post-treatment scan in the CAS and CEA groups separately. RESULTS Median time of follow-up was 4.1 years (interquartile range: 3.0 to 5.2). In the CAS group, recurrent stroke or transient ischemic attack occurred more often among DWI+ patients (12 of 62) than among DWI- patients (6 of 62), with a cumulative 5-year incidence of 22.8% (standard error [SE]: 7.1%) and 8.8% (SE: 3.8%), respectively (unadjusted hazard ratio: 2.85; 95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 7.72; p = 0.04). In DWI+ and DWI- patients, 8 and 2 events, respectively, occurred within 6 months after treatment. In the CEA group, there was no difference in recurrent cerebrovascular events between DWI+ and DWI- patients. CONCLUSIONS Ischemic brain lesions discovered on DWI after CAS seem to be a marker of increased risk for recurrent cerebrovascular events. Patients with periprocedural DWI lesions might benefit from more aggressive and prolonged antiplatelet therapy after CAS. (A Randomised Comparison of the Risks, Benefits and Cost Effectiveness of Primary Carotid Stenting With Carotid Enda
Published: 2015

36. Editor's Choice - Management of Chronic Venous Disease Clinical Practice Guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS)

Author: Wittens, C, Davies, AH, Bwkgaard, N, Broholm, R, Cavezzi, A, Chastanet, S, Wolf, Monique, Eggen, C, Giannoukas, A, Gohel, M, Kakkos, S, Lawson, J, Noppeney, T, Onida, S, Pittaluga, P, Thomis, S, Toonder, I, Vuylsteke, M, Kolh, P, de Borst, GJ, Chakfe, N, Debus, S, Hinchliffe, R, Koncar, I, Lindholt, J, de Ceniga, MV, Vermassen, F, Verzini, F, de Maeseneer, Marianne, Blomgren, L, Hartung, O, Kalodiki, E, Korten, E, Li, ML, Naylor, R, Nicolini, P, Rosales, A, Wittens, C, Davies, AH, Bwkgaard, N, Broholm, R, Cavezzi, A, Chastanet, S, Wolf, Monique, Eggen, C, Giannoukas, A, Gohel, M, Kakkos, S, Lawson, J, Noppeney, T, Onida, S, Pittaluga, P, Thomis, S, Toonder, I, Vuylsteke, M, Kolh, P, de Borst, GJ, Chakfe, N, Debus, S, Hinchliffe, R, Koncar, I, Lindholt, J, de Ceniga, MV, Vermassen, F, Verzini, F, de Maeseneer, Marianne, Blomgren, L, Hartung, O, Kalodiki, E, Korten, E, Li, ML, Naylor, R, Nicolini, P, and Rosales, A
Published: 2015

37. PCV167 - Pharmacology for Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Netherlands; Patient Journey and Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Prescription

Author: Brand, AR, Houben, E, Bezemer, I, Herings, R, and de Borst, GJ
Published: 2017
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38. Increased Platelet Reactivity Is Associated with Circulating Platelet-Monocyte Complexes and Macrophages in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques

Author: Rutten, B, Tersteeg, C, Vrijenhoek, JEP, van Holten, TC, Elsenberg, EHAM, Mak-Nienhuis, EM, de Borst, GJ, Jukema, JW, Pijls, NHJ, Waltenberger, J, Zonneveld, AJ, Moll, FL, McClellan, E, Stubbs, Andrew, Pasterkamp, G, Hoefer, I, de Groot, PG, Roest, M, Rutten, B, Tersteeg, C, Vrijenhoek, JEP, van Holten, TC, Elsenberg, EHAM, Mak-Nienhuis, EM, de Borst, GJ, Jukema, JW, Pijls, NHJ, Waltenberger, J, Zonneveld, AJ, Moll, FL, McClellan, E, Stubbs, Andrew, Pasterkamp, G, Hoefer, I, de Groot, PG, and Roest, M
Abstract: Objective: Platelet reactivity, platelet binding to monocytes and monocyte infiltration play a detrimental role in atherosclerotic plaque progression. We investigated whether platelet reactivity was associated with levels of circulating platelet-monocyte complexes (PMCs) and macrophages in human atherosclerotic carotid plaques. Methods: Platelet reactivity was determined by measuring platelet P-selectin expression after platelet stimulation with increasing concentrations of adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in two independent cohorts: the Circulating Cells cohort (n = 244) and the Athero-Express cohort (n = 91). Levels of PMCs were assessed by flow cytometry in blood samples of patients who were scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention (Circulating Cells cohort). Monocyte infiltration was semi-quantitatively determined by histological examination of atherosclerotic carotid plaques collected during carotid endarterectomy (Athero-Express cohort). Results: We found increased platelet reactivity in patients with high PMCs as compared to patients with low PMCs (median (interquartile range): 4153 (1585-11267) area under the curve (AUC) vs. 9633 (3580-21565) AUC, P<0.001). Also, we observed increased platelet reactivity in patients with high macrophage levels in atherosclerotic plaques as compared to patients with low macrophage levels in atherosclerotic plaques (mean +/- SD; 8969 +/- 3485 AUC vs. 7020 +/- 3442 AUC, P = 0.02). All associations remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and use of drugs against platelet activation. Conclusion: Platelet reactivity towards ADP is associated with levels of PMCs and macrophages in human atherosclerotic carotid plaques.
Published: 2014

39. Late onset acute occlusion of the subclavian artery after clavicle fracture

Author: van Schaik, PM, primary, de Borst, GJ, additional, Moll, FL, additional, and Toorop, RJ, additional
Published: 2014
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40. Interleukin-6 receptor pathways in abdominal aortic aneurysm

Author: Harrison, SC, Smith, AJP, Jones, GT, Swerdlow, DI, Rampuri, R, Bown, MJ, Folkersen, L, Baas, AF, de Borst, GJ, Blankensteijn, JD, Price, JF, van der Graaf, Y (Yolanda), McLachlan, S, Agu, O, Hofman, Bert, Uitterlinden, André, Franco-Cereceda, A, Ruigrok, YM, van't Hof, F, Powell, JT, van Rij, AM, Casas, JP, Eriksson, P, Holmes, MV, Asselbergs, FW, Hingorani, AD, Humphries, SE, Harrison, SC, Smith, AJP, Jones, GT, Swerdlow, DI, Rampuri, R, Bown, MJ, Folkersen, L, Baas, AF, de Borst, GJ, Blankensteijn, JD, Price, JF, van der Graaf, Y (Yolanda), McLachlan, S, Agu, O, Hofman, Bert, Uitterlinden, André, Franco-Cereceda, A, Ruigrok, YM, van't Hof, F, Powell, JT, van Rij, AM, Casas, JP, Eriksson, P, Holmes, MV, Asselbergs, FW, Hingorani, AD, and Humphries, SE
Abstract: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting circulating IL-6 in AAA, and new investigations of the association between a common non-synonymous functional variant (Asp358Ala) in the IL-6R gene (IL6R) and AAA, followed the analysis of the variant both in vitro and in vivo. Inflammation may play a role in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) signalling through its receptor (IL-6R) is one pathway that could be exploited pharmacologically. We investigated this using a Mendelian randomization approach. Up to October 2011, we identified seven studies (869 cases, 851 controls). Meta-analysis demonstrated that AAA cases had higher levels of IL-6 than controls [standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.46 SD, 95 CI 0.250.66, I-2 70, P 1.1 105 random effects]. Meta-analysis of five studies (4524 cases/15 710 controls) demonstrated that rs7529229 (which tags the non-synonymous variant Asp358Ala, rs2228145) was associated with a lower risk of AAA, per Ala358 allele odds ratio 0.84, 95 CI: 0.800.89, I-2 0, A Mendelian randomization approach provides robust evidence that signalling via the IL-6R is likely to be a causal pathway in AAA. Drugs that inhibit IL-6R may play a role in AAA management.
Published: 2013

41. The need for questionnaires in vascular surgery: the paradigm of carotid revascularisation

Author: De Borst, G, Froio, A, Biasi, G, Moll, F, De Borst, GJ, FROIO, ALBERTO, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, Moll, FL, De Borst, G, Froio, A, Biasi, G, Moll, F, De Borst, GJ, FROIO, ALBERTO, BIASI, GIORGIO MARIA, and Moll, FL
Published: 2010

42. Long-term survival after initial hospital admission for peripheral arterial disease in the lower extremities

Author: Vaartjes, I, primary, de Borst, GJ, additional, Reitsma, JB, additional, de Bruin, A, additional, Moll, FL, additional, Grobbee, DE, additional, and Bots, ML, additional
Published: 2009
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43. Time course of vascular reactivity using repeated phase-contrast MR angiography in patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Author: Hartkamp NS, Hendrikse J, van der Worp HB, de Borst GJ, Bokkers RP, Hartkamp, Nolan S, Hendrikse, Jeroen, van der Worp, H Bart, de Borst, Gert J, and Bokkers, Reinoud P H
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Timing of procedural stroke and death in asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: analysis of VACS, ACAS, ACST-1 and GALA RCTs

Author: Poorthuis, MHF, Bulbulia, R, Morris, DR, Pan, H, Rothwell, P, Algra , A, Becquemin, JP, Bonati, LH, Brott, TG, Brown, MM, Calvet, D, Eckstein, HH, Fraedrich, G, Gregson, J, Greving, JP, Hendrikse, J, Howard, G, Jansen, O, Mas, JL, Lewis, SC, de Borst, GJ, Halliday, A, and on behalf of the Carotid Stenosis Trialists' Collaboration
Subjects: cardiovascular diseases
Abstract: Background: The effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for stroke prevention depends on low procedural risks. We aimed to assess frequency and timing of procedural complications after CEA, which may clarify underlying mechanisms and help inform safe discharge policies. Methods: Individual patient data (N=8 752) were obtained from four large trials (VACS, ACAS, ACST-1, and GALA; 1983-2007). Patients undergoing CEA for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (N=3 694) directly after randomization were used for the present analysis. We divided the timing of procedural death and stroke into intraoperative day 0, postoperative day 0, day 1-3, and days 4-30. Results: In total, 103 (2.8%) patients had serious procedural complications (18 fatal strokes, 68 non-fatal strokes, 11 fatal myocardial infarctions, and 6 deaths from other causes). Of the 86 strokes, 67 (78%) were ipsilateral, 17 (20%) were contralateral, and two (2%) were vertebrobasilar. Forty-five strokes (52%) were ischaemic, 9 (10%) haemorrhagic and stroke subtype was not determined in 32 (37%) patients. Half the strokes happened on the day of CEA. Of all serious complications, 44 (43%) occurred on day 0 (20 intraoperative, 17 postoperative, and 7 with unclear timing), 23 (22%) occurred on days 1-3, and 36 (35%) on days 4-30. Conclusions: At least half of the procedural strokes in this study are ischaemic and ipsilateral to the treated artery. Half of all procedural complications occurred on the day of surgery, but one third after day 3 when many patients have been discharged. Reported in-hospital stroke or death rates might underestimate true risks after CEA.

45. Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits

Author: Justice, AE, Winkler, TW, Feitosa, MF, Graff, M, Fisher, VA, Young, K, Barata, L, Deng, X, Czajkowski, J, Hadley, D, Ngwa, JS, Ahluwalia, TS, Chu, AY, Heard-Costa, NL, Lim, E, Perez, J, Eicher, JD, Kutalik, Z, Xue, L, Mahajan, A, Renström, F, Wu, J, Qi, Q, Ahmad, S, Alfred, T, Amin, N, Bielak, LF, Bonnefond, A, Bragg, J, Cadby, G, Chittani, M, Coggeshall, S, Corre, T, Direk, N, Eriksson, J, Fischer, K, Gorski, M, Neergaard Harder, M, Horikoshi, M, Huang, T, Huffman, JE, Jackson, AU, Justesen, JM, Kanoni, S, Kinnunen, L, Kleber, ME, Komulainen, P, Kumari, M, Lim, U, Luan, J, Lyytikäinen, L-P, Mangino, M, Manichaikul, A, Marten, J, Middelberg, RPS, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Navarro, P, Pérusse, L, Pervjakova, N, Sarti, C, Smith, AV, Smith, JA, Stančáková, A, Strawbridge, RJ, Stringham, HM, Sung, YJ, Tanaka, T, Teumer, A, Trompet, S, Van Der Laan, SW, Van Der Most, PJ, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, JV, Vedantam, SL, Verweij, N, Vink, JM, Vitart, V, Wu, Y, Yengo, L, Zhang, W, Hua Zhao, J, Zimmermann, ME, Zubair, N, Abecasis, GR, Adair, LS, Afaq, S, Afzal, U, Bakker, SJL, Bartz, TM, Beilby, J, Bergman, RN, Bergmann, S, Biffar, R, Blangero, J, Boerwinkle, E, Bonnycastle, LL, Bottinger, E, Braga, D, Buckley, BM, Buyske, S, Campbell, H, Chambers, JC, Collins, FS, Curran, JE, De Borst, GJ, De Craen, AJM, De Geus, EJC, Dedoussis, G, Delgado, GE, Den Ruijter, HM, Eiriksdottir, G, Eriksson, AL, Esko, T, Faul, JD, Ford, I, Forrester, T, Gertow, K, Gigante, B, Glorioso, N, Gong, J, Grallert, H, Grammer, TB, Grarup, N, Haitjema, S, Hallmans, G, Hamsten, A, Hansen, T, Harris, TB, Hartman, CA, Hassinen, M, Hastie, ND, Heath, AC, Hernandez, D, Hindorff, L, Hocking, LJ, Hollensted, M, Holmen, OL, Homuth, G, Jan Hottenga, J, Huang, J, Hung, J, Hutri-Kähönen, N, Ingelsson, E, James, AL, Jansson, J-O, Jarvelin, M-R, Jhun, MA, Jørgensen, ME, Juonala, M, Kähönen, M, Karlsson, M, Koistinen, HA, Kolcic, I, Kolovou, G, Kooperberg, C, Krämer, BK, Kuusisto, J, Kvaløy, K, Lakka, TA, Langenberg, C, Launer, LJ, Leander, K, Lee, NR, Lind, L, Lindgren, CM, Linneberg, A, Lobbens, S, Loh, M, Lorentzon, M, Luben, R, Lubke, G, Ludolph-Donislawski, A, Lupoli, S, Madden, PAF, Männikkö, R, Marques-Vidal, P, Martin, NG, McKenzie, CA, McKnight, B, Mellström, D, Menni, C, Montgomery, GW, Musk, AB, Narisu, N, Nauck, M, Nolte, IM, Oldehinkel, AJ, Olden, M, Ong, KK, Padmanabhan, S, Peyser, PA, Pisinger, C, Porteous, DJ, Raitakari, OT, Rankinen, T, Rao, DC, Rasmussen-Torvik, LJ, Rawal, R, Rice, T, Ridker, PM, Rose, LM, Bien, SA, Rudan, I, Sanna, S, Sarzynski, MA, Sattar, N, Savonen, K, Schlessinger, D, Scholtens, S, Schurmann, C, Scott, RA, Sennblad, B, Siemelink, MA, Silbernagel, G, Slagboom, PE, Snieder, H, Staessen, JA, Stott, DJ, Swertz, MA, Swift, AJ, Taylor, KD, Tayo, BO, Thorand, B, Thuillier, D, Tuomilehto, J, Uitterlinden, AG, Vandenput, L, Vohl, M-C, Völzke, H, Vonk, JM, Waeber, G, Waldenberger, M, Westendorp, RGJ, Wild, S, Willemsen, G, Wolffenbuttel, BHR, Wong, A, Wright, AF, Zhao, W, Zillikens, MC, Baldassarre, D, Balkau, B, Bandinelli, S, Böger, CA, Boomsma, DI, Bouchard, C, Bruinenberg, M, Chasman, DI, Chen, Y-D, Chines, PS, Cooper, RS, Cucca, F, Cusi, D, Faire, UD, Ferrucci, L, Franks, PW, Froguel, P, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grabe, H-J, Gudnason, V, Haiman, CA, Hayward, C, Hveem, K, Johnson, AD, Wouter Jukema, J, Kardia, SLR, Kivimaki, M, Kooner, JS, Kuh, D, Laakso, M, Lehtimäki, T, Marchand, LL, März, W, McCarthy, MI, Metspalu, A, Morris, AP, Ohlsson, C, Palmer, LJ, Pasterkamp, G, Pedersen, O, Peters, A, Peters, U, Polasek, O, Psaty, BM, Qi, L, Rauramaa, R, Smith, BH, Sørensen, TIA, Strauch, K, Tiemeier, H, Tremoli, E, Van Der Harst, P, Vestergaard, H, Vollenweider, P, Wareham, NJ, Weir, DR, Whitfield, JB, Wilson, JF, Tyrrell, J, Frayling, TM, Barroso, I, Boehnke, M, Deloukas, P, Fox, CS, Hirschhorn, JN, Hunter, DJ, Spector, TD, Strachan, DP, Van Duijn, CM, Heid, IM, Mohlke, KL, Marchini, J, Loos, RJF, Kilpeläinen, TO, Liu, C-T, Borecki, IB, North, KE, and Cupples, LA
Subjects: Adult, Waist-Hip Ratio, Quantitative Trait Loci, Smoking, Epistasis, Genetic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 3. Good health, Body Mass Index, Phenotype, Body Fat Distribution, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, Waist Circumference, Adiposity, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) account for environmental exposures, like smoking, potentially impacting the overall trait variance when investigating the genetic contribution to obesity-related traits. Here, we use GWAS data from 51,080 current smokers and 190,178 nonsmokers (87% European descent) to identify loci influencing BMI and central adiposity, measured as waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio both adjusted for BMI. We identify 23 novel genetic loci, and 9 loci with convincing evidence of gene-smoking interaction (GxSMK) on obesity-related traits. We show consistent direction of effect for all identified loci and significance for 18 novel and for 5 interaction loci in an independent study sample. These loci highlight novel biological functions, including response to oxidative stress, addictive behaviour, and regulatory functions emphasizing the importance of accounting for environment in genetic analyses. Our results suggest that tobacco smoking may alter the genetic susceptibility to overall adiposity and body fat distribution.

46. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Author: Ederle, J, Dobson, J, Featherstone, RL, Bonati, LH, van der Worp, HB, de Borst, GJ, Lo, TH, Gaines, P, Dorman, PJ, Macdonald, S, Lyrer, PA, Hendriks, JM, McCollum, C, Nederkoorn, PJ, Brown, MM, Algra, A, Bamford, J, Beard, J, Bland, M, Bradbury, AW, Clifton, A, Hacke, W, Halliday, A, Malik, I, Mas, JL, McGuire, AJ, Sidhu, P, Venables, G, Bradbury, A, Collins, R, Molynewc, A, Naylor, R, Warlow, C, Ferro, JM, Thomas, D, Coward, L, Featherstone, RF, Tindall, H, McCabe, DJH, Wallis, A, Brooks, M, Chambers, B, Chan, A, Chu, P, Clark, D, Dewey, H, Donnan, G, Fell, G, Hoare, M, Molan, M, Roberts, A, Roberts, N, Beiles, B, Bladin, C, Clifford, C, Grigg, M, New, G, Bell, R, Bower, S, Chong, W, Holt, M, Saunder, A, Than, PG, Gett, S, Leggett, D, McGahan, T, Quinn, J, Ray, M, Wong, A, Woodruff, P, Foreman, R, Schultz, D, Scroop, R, Stanley, B, Allard, B, Atkinson, N, Cambell, W, Davies, S, Field, P, Milne, P, Mitchell, P, Tress, B, Yan, B, Beasley, A, Dunbabin, D, Stary, D, Walker, S, Cras, P, d'Archambeau, O, Hendriks, JMH, Van Schil, P, Bosiers, M, Deloose, K, van Buggenhout, E, De Letter, J, Devos, V, Ghekiere, J, Vanhooren, G, Astarci, P, Hammer, F, Lacroix, V, Peeters, A, Verhelst, R, DeJaegher, L, Verbist, J, Blair, J-F, Caron, JL, Daneault, N, Giroux, M-F, Guilbert, F, Lanthier, S, Lebrun, L-H, Oliva, V, Raymond, J, Roy, D, Soulez, G, Weill, A, Hill, M, Hu, W, Hudion, M, Morrish, W, Sutherland, G, Wong, J, Alback, A, Harno, H, Ijas, P, Kaste, M, Lepantalo, M, Mustanoja, S, Paananen, T, Porras, M, Putaala, J, Railo, M, Sairanen, T, Soinne, L, Vehmas, A, Vikatmaa, P, Goertler, M, Halloul, Z, Skalej, M, Brennan, P, Kelly, C, Leahy, A, Moroney, J, Thornton, J, Koelemay, MJW, Reekers, JAA, Roos, YBWEM, Koudstaal, PJ, Pattynama, PMT, van der Lugt, A, van Dijk, LC, van Sambeek, MRHM, van Urk, H, Verhagen, HJM, Bruininckx, CMA, de Bruijn, SF, Keunen, R, Knippenberg, B, Mosch, A, Treurniet, F, van Dijk, L, van Overhagen, H, Wever, J, de Beer, FC, van den Berg, JSP, van Hasselt, BAAM, Zeilstra, DJ, Boiten, J, van Otterloo, JCADM, de Vries, AC, Nieholt, GJLA, van der Kallen, BFW, Blankensteijn, JD, De Leeuw, FE, Kool, LJS, van der Vliet, JA, de Kort, GAP, Kapelle, LJ, Mali, WPTM, Moll, F, Verhagen, H, Barber, PA, Bourchier, R, Hill, A, Holden, A, Stewart, J, Bakke, SJ, Krohg-Sorensen, K, Skjelland, M, Tennoe, B, Bialek, P, Biejat, Z, Czepiel, W, Czlonkowska, A, Dowzenko, A, Jedrzejewska, J, Kobayashi, A, Lelek, M, Polanski, J, Kirbis, J, Milosevic, Z, Zvan, B, Blasco, J, Chamorro, A, Macho, J, Obach, V, Riambau, V, San Roman, L, Branera, J, Canovas, D, Estela, J, Gimenez Gaibar, A, Perendreu, J, Bjorses, K, Gottsater, A, Ivancev, K, Maetzsch, T, Sonesson, B, Berg, B, Delle, M, Formgren, J, Gillgren, P, Kall, T-B, Konrad, P, Nyman, N, Takolander, R, Andersson, T, Malmstedt, J, Soderman, M, Wahlgren, C, Wahlgren, N, Binaghi, S, Hirt, L, Michel, P, Ruchat, P, Engelter, ST, Fluri, F, Guerke, L, Jacob, AL, Kirsch, E, Radue, E-W, Stierli, P, Wasner, M, Wetzel, S, Bonvin, C, Kalangos, A, Lovblad, K, Murith, N, Ruefenacht, D, Sztajzel, R, Higgins, N, Kirkpatrick, PJ, Martin, P, Adam, D, Bell, J, Crowe, P, Gannon, M, Henderson, MJ, Sandler, D, Shinton, RA, Scriven, JM, Wilmink, T, D'Souza, S, Egun, A, Guta, R, Punekar, S, Seriki, DM, Thomson, G, Brennan, A, Enevoldson, TP, Gilling-Smith, G, Gould, DA, Harris, PL, McWilliams, RG, Nasser, H-C, White, R, Prakash, KG, Serracino-Inglott, F, Subramanian, G, Symth, JV, Walker, MG, Clarke, M, Davis, M, Dixit, SA, Dolman, P, Dyker, A, Ford, G, Golkar, A, Jackson, R, Jayakrishnan, V, Lambert, D, Lees, T, Louw, S, Mendelow, AD, Rodgers, H, Rose, J, Stansby, G, Wyatt, M, Baker, T, Baldwin, N, Jones, L, Mitchell, D, Munro, E, Thornton, M, Baker, D, Davis, N, Hamilton, G, McCabe, D, Platts, A, Tibballs, J, Cleveland, T, Dodd, D, Lonsdale, R, Nair, R, Nassef, A, Nawaz, S, Belli, A, Cloud, G, Markus, H, McFarland, R, Morgan, R, Pereira, A, Thompson, A, Chataway, J, Cheshire, N, Gibbs, R, Hammady, M, Jenkins, M, Wolfe, J, Adiseshiah, M, Bishop, C, Brew, S, Brookes, J, Jaeger, R, Kitchen, N, Ashleigh, R, Butterfield, S, Gamble, GE, Nasim, A, O'Neill, P, Edwards, RD, Lees, KR, MacKay, AJ, Moss, J, Rogers, P, Ederle, J, Dobson, J, Featherstone, RL, Bonati, LH, van der Worp, HB, de Borst, GJ, Lo, TH, Gaines, P, Dorman, PJ, Macdonald, S, Lyrer, PA, Hendriks, JM, McCollum, C, Nederkoorn, PJ, Brown, MM, Algra, A, Bamford, J, Beard, J, Bland, M, Bradbury, AW, Clifton, A, Hacke, W, Halliday, A, Malik, I, Mas, JL, McGuire, AJ, Sidhu, P, Venables, G, Bradbury, A, Collins, R, Molynewc, A, Naylor, R, Warlow, C, Ferro, JM, Thomas, D, Coward, L, Featherstone, RF, Tindall, H, McCabe, DJH, Wallis, A, Brooks, M, Chambers, B, Chan, A, Chu, P, Clark, D, Dewey, H, Donnan, G, Fell, G, Hoare, M, Molan, M, Roberts, A, Roberts, N, Beiles, B, Bladin, C, Clifford, C, Grigg, M, New, G, Bell, R, Bower, S, Chong, W, Holt, M, Saunder, A, Than, PG, Gett, S, Leggett, D, McGahan, T, Quinn, J, Ray, M, Wong, A, Woodruff, P, Foreman, R, Schultz, D, Scroop, R, Stanley, B, Allard, B, Atkinson, N, Cambell, W, Davies, S, Field, P, Milne, P, Mitchell, P, Tress, B, Yan, B, Beasley, A, Dunbabin, D, Stary, D, Walker, S, Cras, P, d'Archambeau, O, Hendriks, JMH, Van Schil, P, Bosiers, M, Deloose, K, van Buggenhout, E, De Letter, J, Devos, V, Ghekiere, J, Vanhooren, G, Astarci, P, Hammer, F, Lacroix, V, Peeters, A, Verhelst, R, DeJaegher, L, Verbist, J, Blair, J-F, Caron, JL, Daneault, N, Giroux, M-F, Guilbert, F, Lanthier, S, Lebrun, L-H, Oliva, V, Raymond, J, Roy, D, Soulez, G, Weill, A, Hill, M, Hu, W, Hudion, M, Morrish, W, Sutherland, G, Wong, J, Alback, A, Harno, H, Ijas, P, Kaste, M, Lepantalo, M, Mustanoja, S, Paananen, T, Porras, M, Putaala, J, Railo, M, Sairanen, T, Soinne, L, Vehmas, A, Vikatmaa, P, Goertler, M, Halloul, Z, Skalej, M, Brennan, P, Kelly, C, Leahy, A, Moroney, J, Thornton, J, Koelemay, MJW, Reekers, JAA, Roos, YBWEM, Koudstaal, PJ, Pattynama, PMT, van der Lugt, A, van Dijk, LC, van Sambeek, MRHM, van Urk, H, Verhagen, HJM, Bruininckx, CMA, de Bruijn, SF, Keunen, R, Knippenberg, B, Mosch, A, Treurniet, F, van Dijk, L, van Overhagen, H, Wever, J, de Beer, FC, van den Berg, JSP, van Hasselt, BAAM, Zeilstra, DJ, Boiten, J, van Otterloo, JCADM, de Vries, AC, Nieholt, GJLA, van der Kallen, BFW, Blankensteijn, JD, De Leeuw, FE, Kool, LJS, van der Vliet, JA, de Kort, GAP, Kapelle, LJ, Mali, WPTM, Moll, F, Verhagen, H, Barber, PA, Bourchier, R, Hill, A, Holden, A, Stewart, J, Bakke, SJ, Krohg-Sorensen, K, Skjelland, M, Tennoe, B, Bialek, P, Biejat, Z, Czepiel, W, Czlonkowska, A, Dowzenko, A, Jedrzejewska, J, Kobayashi, A, Lelek, M, Polanski, J, Kirbis, J, Milosevic, Z, Zvan, B, Blasco, J, Chamorro, A, Macho, J, Obach, V, Riambau, V, San Roman, L, Branera, J, Canovas, D, Estela, J, Gimenez Gaibar, A, Perendreu, J, Bjorses, K, Gottsater, A, Ivancev, K, Maetzsch, T, Sonesson, B, Berg, B, Delle, M, Formgren, J, Gillgren, P, Kall, T-B, Konrad, P, Nyman, N, Takolander, R, Andersson, T, Malmstedt, J, Soderman, M, Wahlgren, C, Wahlgren, N, Binaghi, S, Hirt, L, Michel, P, Ruchat, P, Engelter, ST, Fluri, F, Guerke, L, Jacob, AL, Kirsch, E, Radue, E-W, Stierli, P, Wasner, M, Wetzel, S, Bonvin, C, Kalangos, A, Lovblad, K, Murith, N, Ruefenacht, D, Sztajzel, R, Higgins, N, Kirkpatrick, PJ, Martin, P, Adam, D, Bell, J, Crowe, P, Gannon, M, Henderson, MJ, Sandler, D, Shinton, RA, Scriven, JM, Wilmink, T, D'Souza, S, Egun, A, Guta, R, Punekar, S, Seriki, DM, Thomson, G, Brennan, A, Enevoldson, TP, Gilling-Smith, G, Gould, DA, Harris, PL, McWilliams, RG, Nasser, H-C, White, R, Prakash, KG, Serracino-Inglott, F, Subramanian, G, Symth, JV, Walker, MG, Clarke, M, Davis, M, Dixit, SA, Dolman, P, Dyker, A, Ford, G, Golkar, A, Jackson, R, Jayakrishnan, V, Lambert, D, Lees, T, Louw, S, Mendelow, AD, Rodgers, H, Rose, J, Stansby, G, Wyatt, M, Baker, T, Baldwin, N, Jones, L, Mitchell, D, Munro, E, Thornton, M, Baker, D, Davis, N, Hamilton, G, McCabe, D, Platts, A, Tibballs, J, Cleveland, T, Dodd, D, Lonsdale, R, Nair, R, Nassef, A, Nawaz, S, Belli, A, Cloud, G, Markus, H, McFarland, R, Morgan, R, Pereira, A, Thompson, A, Chataway, J, Cheshire, N, Gibbs, R, Hammady, M, Jenkins, M, Wolfe, J, Adiseshiah, M, Bishop, C, Brew, S, Brookes, J, Jaeger, R, Kitchen, N, Ashleigh, R, Butterfield, S, Gamble, GE, Nasim, A, O'Neill, P, Edwards, RD, Lees, KR, MacKay, AJ, Moss, J, and Rogers, P
Abstract: Background Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy.Methods The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470.Findings The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.16-2.45

47. Duplex Ultrasound Surveillance After Femoropopliteal Endovascular Treatment for Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.

Author: Hoitz NCC, Nugteren MJ, Huizing E, Fioole B, Mees BME, de Borst GJ, and Ünlü Ç
Subjects: Humans, Treatment Outcome, Time Factors, Limb Salvage, Risk Factors, Stents, Reproducibility of Results, Male, Popliteal Artery diagnostic imaging, Popliteal Artery physiopathology, Femoral Artery diagnostic imaging, Femoral Artery physiopathology, Peripheral Arterial Disease diagnostic imaging, Peripheral Arterial Disease physiopathology, Peripheral Arterial Disease therapy, Vascular Patency, Endovascular Procedures adverse effects, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex, Predictive Value of Tests
Abstract: Background: To review the current literature and establish a consensual recommendation on duplex ultrasound (DUS) surveillance after endovascular treatment of the femoropopliteal tract., Methods: This systematic review conducted literature searches on DUS surveillance after endovascular treatment of the femoropopliteal tract, and event rates. The primary end point was primary assisted patency. Secondary end points were primary patency, secondary patency, and limb salvage for double-armed studies, and sensitivity and specificity of DUS compared with other surveillance methods for single-armed studies. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Articles were eligible if they compared DUS surveillance others surveillance methods. Prospective, large cohort studies reporting on long-term events after endovascular treatment were also included., Results: The initial search resulted in 5 studies. Only one double-armed nonrandomized study compared DUS surveillance with ankle-brachial index (ABI) follow-up after femoropopliteal stenting. The DUS group demonstrated improved primary assisted patency (84% vs. 76% at 12 months and 68% vs. 38% at 36 months, P = 0.008) and limb salvage (97% vs. 83% at 12 months and 90% vs. 50% at 36 months, P < 0.001) compared with ABI follow-up. In one single-armed study, DUS surveillance showed a high sensitivity (91%) and specificity (100%) in detecting restenosis. ABI and clinical follow-up demonstrated a low sensitivity (55-67% and 52-64%, respectively) but reasonable specificity (80-85% and 82-88%, respectively) in detecting restenosis., Conclusions: The scarce available evidence suggests a clinical benefit of DUS surveillance after endovascular treatment of the femoropopliteal tract., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2025
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48. An International, Expert-Based Delphi Consensus Document on Controversial Issues about TransCarotid Artery Revascularization (TCAR).

Author: Paraskevas KI, AbuRahma AF, Abularrage CJ, Clair DG, Eldrup-Jorgensen J, Kashyap VS, Dardik A, de Borst GJ, Dermody M, Faggioli G, Hicks CW, Kwolek CJ, Lyden SP, Mansilha A, Van Herzeele I, Myrcha P, Leal Lorenzo JI, Jim J, Pini R, Secemsky EA, Spinelli F, Capoccia L, Stone DH, Stoner MC, Zeebregts CJ, Lal BK, Schneider PA, Malas MB, and Schermerhorn ML
Subjects: Humans, Treatment Outcome, Patient Selection, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Risk Assessment, Endarterectomy, Carotid adverse effects, Endarterectomy, Carotid standards, Delphi Technique, Carotid Stenosis surgery, Carotid Stenosis therapy, Carotid Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Consensus, Endovascular Procedures adverse effects, Endovascular Procedures standards, Stents, Clinical Decision-Making
Abstract: Background: Transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) has emerged as an alternative therapeutic modality to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TFCAS) for the management of patients with carotid artery stenosis. However, certain issues regarding the indications and contraindications of TCAR remain unanswered or unresolved. The aim of this international, expert-based Delphi consensus document was to attempt to provide some guidance on these topics., Methods: A 3-round Delphi consensus process was performed, including 29 experts. The aim of round 1 was to investigate the differing views and opinions of the participants. Round 2 was carried out after the results from the literature on each topic were provided to the participants. During round 3, the participants had the opportunity to finalize their vote., Results: Most participants agreed that TCAR can or can probably or possibly be performed within 14 days of a cerebrovascular event, but it is best to avoid it in the first 48 hr. It was felt that TCAR cannot or should not replace TFCAS or CEA, as each procedure has specific indications and contraindications. Symptomatic patients >80 years should probably be treated with TCAR rather than with TFCAS. TCAR can or can probably be used for the treatment of restenosis following CEA or TFCAS. Finally, there is a need for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to provide better evidence for the unresolved issues., Conclusions: This Delphi consensus document attempted to assist the decision-making of physicians or interventionalists or vascular surgeons involved in the management of carotid stenosis patients. Furthermore, areas requiring additional research were identified. Future studies and RCTs should provide more evidence to address the unanswered questions regarding TCAR., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2025
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49. A systematic review of the accuracy of prognostic tests and scoring systems for use in the Global Vascular Guidelines' PLAN concept for the treatment of chronic limb threatening ischaemia.

Author: Welling RHA, van Breugel JMM, van de Mortel M, de Borst GJ, Schmidt A, van den Heuvel DAF, and Bakker OJ
Abstract: Introduction: The 2019 Global Vascular Guidelines recommend risk assessment for evidence based revascularization based on the acronym PLAN; Patient risk, Limb severity and ANatomical complexity of disease. This meta-analysis compares a multitude of prognostic tests within these categories., Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of tests that estimated 1 year major event (amputation free survival and major adverse limb events) probability. Individual patient data were reconstructed from survival estimate curves. With presence or absence of major events; sensitivity, specificity and area-under-receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) were computed. Tests with an AUC ≥70%, or that correlated with revascularization feasibility were included. Practical application of tests was assessed to make a recommendation on PLAN implementation., Results: Ninety-six studies describing 77 unique predictive techniques were included, of which thirteen were sufficient. These 13 tests were divided in 4 Patient risk (5 studies), 3 Limb severity (3 studies) and 6 Anatomical complexity of disease (9 studies)., Patient Risk: Three tests were included; Biochemical assessment of calprotectin and CRP, radiological measurement of sarcopenia and predictive score with the GermanVasc CLTI score. These tests scored AUCs of 82.0%, 72.7% and 71.8% respectively, of which the GermanVasc CLTI score was deemed most applicable in clinical practice., Limb Severity: The adjusted Wound Ischemia foot Infection score resulted as best predictive score (AUC 78.8%), but due to the lack of external validation, the original Wound, Ischemia, foot Infection score was deemed best applicable., Anatomical Complexity of Disease: No test surpassed 70% AUC for 1-year event estimation, and was correlated with feasibility of revascularization, the latter only being served by the Global Limb Anatomic Staging System (GLASS)., Conclusion: In evidence based revascularization in patients with CLTI according to the PLAN concept, we recommend to use GermanVasc, Wound Ischemia and Foot Infection, and the Global Limb Anatomic Staging System., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2024
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50. Postprocedural Management in Patients After Percutaneous Deep Venous Arterialization: An Expert Opinion.

Author: Huizing E, Schreve MA, Kum S, de Borst GJ, de Vries JPM, and Ünlü Ç
Subjects: Humans, Treatment Outcome, Risk Factors, Consensus, Endovascular Procedures adverse effects
Abstract: Clinical Impact: After percutaneous deep venous arterialization (pDVA), the created arteriovenous circuit needs time to develop. Postprocedural care in patients after pDVA is essential in order to create optimal conditions for maturation of the circuit, and thus save the limb. However, current literature mainly focusses on the procedure itself, making postprocedural care an underexposed topic. Therefore, this study presents an overview of the available literature of postprocedural care of pDVA patients and provides recommendations based on expert opinion when current knowledge is limited., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Steven Kum is a paid consultant to LimFlow.
Published: 2024
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