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1. Consistency, completeness and external validity of ethnicity recording in NHS primary care records: a cohort study in 25 million patients’ records at source using OpenSAFELY

Author

Andrews, Colm D., Mathur, Rohini, Massey, Jon, Park, Robin, Curtis, Helen J., Hopcroft, Lisa, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Hickman, George, Smith, Rebecca, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Inglesby, Peter, Dillingham, Iain, Maude, Steven, O’Dwyer, Thomas, Butler-Cole, Ben F. C., Bridges, Lucy, Bates, Chris, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Cockburn, Jonathan, Goldacre, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Tomlinson, Laurie A., Walker, Alex J., and Hulme, William J.

Published
2024
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2. Impact of vaccination on the association of COVID-19 with cardiovascular diseases: An OpenSAFELY cohort study

Author

Cezard, Genevieve I., Denholm, Rachel E., Knight, Rochelle, Wei, Yinghui, Teece, Lucy, Toms, Renin, Forbes, Harriet J., Walker, Alex J., Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E. M., Horne, Elsie M. F., Taylor, Kurt, Palmer, Tom, Arab, Marwa Al, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Ip, Samantha H. Y., Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Bacon, Sebastian, Mehrkar, Amir, Morton, Caroline E., Greaves, Felix, Hyams, Catherine, Davey Smith, George, Macleod, John, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Goldacre, Ben, Whiteley, William N., Wood, Angela M., Sterne, Jonathan A. C., and Walker, Venexia

Published
2024
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3. A multi-language toolkit for supporting automated checking of research outputs

Author

Preen, Richard J., Albashir, Maha, Davy, Simon, and Smith, Jim

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Information Retrieval, Computer Science - Software Engineering, Statistics - Applications, Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

This article presents the automatic checking of research outputs package acro, which assists researchers and data governance teams by automatically applying best-practice principles-based statistical disclosure control (SDC) techniques on-the-fly as researchers conduct their analyses. acro distinguishes between: research output that is safe to publish; output that requires further analysis; and output that cannot be published because it creates substantial risk of disclosing private data. This is achieved through the use of a lightweight Python wrapper that sits over well-known analysis tools that produce outputs such as tables, plots, and statistical models. This adds functionality to (i) identify potentially disclosive outputs against a range of commonly used disclosure tests; (ii) apply disclosure mitigation strategies where required; (iii) report reasons for applying SDC; and (iv) produce simple summary documents trusted research environment staff can use to streamline their workflow. The major analytical programming languages used by researchers are supported: Python, R, and Stata. The acro code and documentation are available under an MIT license at https://github.com/AI-SDC/ACRO

Published
2022

4. Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in England and the implications of COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cohort study of 16 million people

Author

Al Arab, Marwa, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Andrews, Colm, Badrick, Ellena, Baz, Sarah, Beckford, Chelsea, Berman, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Booth, Charlotte, Bowyer, Ruth, Boyd, Andy, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Brophy, Sinead, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Kirsteen C, Carnemolla, Alisia, Carpentieri, Jd, Cezard, Genevieve, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Cheetham, Nathan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Crane, Matthew, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Curtis, Helen, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Dobson, Richard, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Katharine M, Fang, Chao, Ferreira, Vanessa, Finnigan, Lucy, Fisher, Louis, Flaig, Robin, Folarin, Amos, Forbes, Harriet, Foster, Diane, Fox, Laura, Freydin, Maxim, Garcia, Paz, Gibson, Andy, Glen, Fiona, Goldacre, Ben, Goncalves Soares, Ana, Greaves, Felix, Green, Amelia, Green, Mark, Green, Michael, Griffith, Gareth, Hamill Howes, Lee, Hamilton, Olivia, Herbet, Annie, Herrett, Emily, Hopcroft, Lisa, Horne, Elsie, Hou, Bo, Hughes, Alun, Hulme, William, Huntley, Lizzie, Ip, Samantha, Jacques, Wels, Jezzard, Peter, Jones, Louise, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Karthikeyan Suseeladevi, Arun, Katikireddi, Vittal, Kellas, John, Kennedy, Jonathan I, Kibble, Milla, Knight, Rochelle, Knueppel, Anika, Kopasker, Daniel, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kwong, Alex, Langan, Sinead, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Lukaschuk, Elena, Mackenna, Brain, Macleod, John, Maddock, Jane, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, McArdle, Fintan, McCartney, Daniel, McEachan, Rosie, McElroy, Eoin, McLachlan, Stela, Mitchell, Ruth, Moltrecht, Bettina, Morley, Jess, Nab, Linda, Neubauer, Stefan, Nigrelli, Lidia, North, Teri, Northstone, Kate, Oakley, Jacqui, Palmer, Tom, Park, Chloe, Parker, Michael, Parsons, Sam, Patalay, Praveetha, Patel, Kishan, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piechnik, Stefan, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Ploubidis, George, Rafeti, Elena, Raman, Betty, Ranjan, Yatharth, Rapala, Alicja, Rhead, Rebecca, Roberts, Amy, Sampri, Alexia, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Santorelli, Gillian, Saunders, Laura C, Shah, Anoop, Shah, Syed Ahmar, Sharp, Steve, Shaw, Richard, Sheard, Laura, Sheikh, Aziz, Silverwood, Richard, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Stephen, Stafford, Jean, Steptoe, Andrew, Sterne, Jonathan, Steves, Claire, Stewart, Callum, Taylor, Kurt, Tazare, John, Teece, Lucy, Thomas, Richard, Thompson, Ellen, Tilling, Kate, Timpson, Nicholas, Tomlinson, Laurie, Toms, Renin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Turner, Emma L, Walker, Alex, Walker, Venexia, Walter, Scott, Wang, Kevin, Wei, Yinghui, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Wild, James M, Willan, Kathryn, Willans, Robert, Williams, Dylan, Wong, Andrew, Wood, Angela, Woodward, Hannah, Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Zaninotto, Paola, Zheng, Bang, Zhu, Jingmin, Eastwood, Sophie, Horne, Elsie M F, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, Cuitun Coronado, Jose, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Morton, Caroline, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2024
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5. Changes in opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: an interrupted time-series analysis in the OpenSAFELY-TPP cohort

Author

Bridges, Lucy, Butler-Cole, Benjamin FC, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Evans, David, Fisher, Louis, Green, Amelia, Hart, Liam, Hickman, George, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Smith, Rebecca M, Stokes, Pete, Ward, Tom, Cockburn, Johnathan, Harper, Sam, Hester, Frank, Parry, John, Schaffer, Andrea L, Andrews, Colm D, Brown, Andrew D, Croker, Richard, Hulme, William J, Nab, Linda, Quinlan, Jane, Speed, Victoria, Wood, Christopher, Wiedemann, Milan, Massey, Jon, Inglesby, Peter, Bacon, Seb C J, Mehrkar, Amir, Bates, Chris, Goldacre, Ben, Walker, Alex J, and MacKenna, Brian

Published
2024
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6. Clinical coding of long COVID in primary care 2020–2023 in a cohort of 19 million adults: an OpenSAFELY analysis

Author

Walker, Alex, Green, Amelia, Mehrkar, Amir, Schaffer, Andrea, Brown, Andrew, Goldacre, Ben, Butler-Cole, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Morton, Caroline, Walters, Caroline, Stables, Catherine, Cunningham, Christine, Wood, Christopher, Andrews, Colm, Evans, David, Hickman, George, Curtis, Helen, Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Morley, Jessica, Massey, Jon, Nab, Linda, Hopcroft, Lisa, Fisher, Louis, Bridges, Lucy, Wiedemann, Milan, DeVito, Nicholas, Macdonald, Orla, Inglesby, Peter, Smith, Rebecca, Croker, Richard, Park, Robin, Higgins, Rose, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Ward, Tom, Speed, Victoria, Hulme, William, Hart, Liam, Stokes, Pete, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Douglas, Ian, Eggo, Rosalind, Evans, Stephen, Forbes, Harriet, Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel, Herrett, Emily, Langan, Sinead, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mathur, Rohini, McDonald, Helen, Parker, Edward, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, Smeeth, Liam, Tazare, John, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Jemma, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Zheng, Bang, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan, Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Butler-Cole, Ben FC., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Marks, Michael, Jit, Mark, Briggs, Andrew, Lin, Liang-Yu, Carlile, Oliver, Bates, Chris, Bacon, Sebastian CJ., Dennison, William A., Costello, Ruth E., Wei, Yinghui, Walker, Alex J., and Eggo, Rosalind M.

Published
2024
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8. Impact of long COVID on health-related quality-of-life: an OpenSAFELY population cohort study using patient-reported outcome measures (OpenPROMPT)

Author

Walker, Alex, Green, Amelia, Mehrkar, Amir, Schaffer, Andrea, Brown, Andrew, Goldacre, Ben, Butler-Cole, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Morton, Caroline, Walters, Caroline, Stables, Catherine, Cunningham, Christine, Wood, Christopher, Andrews, Colm, Evans, David, Hickman, George, Curtis, Helen, Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Morley, Jessica, Massey, Jon, Nab, Linda, Hopcroft, Lisa, Fisher, Louis, Bridges, Lucy, Wiedemann, Milan, DeVito, Nicholas, Macdonald, Orla, Inglesby, Peter, Smith, Rebecca, Croker, Richard, Park, Robin, Higgins, Rose, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Ward, Tom, Speed, Victoria, Hulme, William, Hart, Liam, Stokes, Pete, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Douglas, Ian, Eggo, Rosalind, Evans, Stephen, Forbes, Harriet, Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel, Herrett, Emily, Langan, Sinead, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mathur, Rohini, McDonald, Helen, Parker, Edward, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, Smeeth, Liam, Tazare, John, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Jemma, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Zheng, Bang, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan, Quint, Jennifer, Carlile, Oliver, Briggs, Andrew, Henderson, Alasdair D., Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Marks, Michael, Jit, Mark, Lin, Liang-Yu, Bates, Chris, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Dennison, William A., Costello, Ruth E., Walker, Alex J., and Eggo, Rosalind M.

Published
2024
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9. Clinical and health inequality risk factors for non-COVID-related sepsis during the global COVID-19 pandemic: a national case-control and cohort study

Author

Walker, Alex J., MacKenna, Brian, Inglesby, Peter, Goldacre, Ben, Curtis, Helen J., Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Hickman, George, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, DeVito, Nicholas J., Fisher, Louis, Green, Amelia C.A., Massey, Jon, Smith, Rebecca M., Hulme, William J., Davy, Simon, Andrews, Colm D., Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., Dillingham, Iain, Higgins, Rose, Cunningham, Christine, Wiedemann, Milan, Nab, Linda, Maude, Steven, Macdonald, Orla, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., O'Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L., Wood, Christopher, Brown, Andrew D., Speed, Victoria, Bridges, Lucy, Schaffer, Andrea L., Walters, Caroline E., Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Zhong, Xiaomin, Ashiru-Oredope, Diane, Pate, Alexander, Martin, Glen P., Sharma, Anita, Dark, Paul, Felton, Tim, Lake, Claire, Hand, Kieran, Bladon, Sian, Cunningham, Neil, Gilham, Ellie, Brown, Colin S., Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Palin, Victoria, and van Staa, Tjeerd Pieter

Published
2023
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10. Ethnic differences in the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical monitoring and hospitalisations for non-COVID conditions in England: a population-based, observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

Chaturvedi, Nishi, Park, Chloe, Carnemolla, Alisia, Williams, Dylan, Knueppel, Anika, Boyd, Andy, Turner, Emma L., Evans, Katharine M., Thomas, Richard, Berman, Samantha, McLachlan, Stela, Crane, Matthew, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Oakley, Jacqui, Foster, Diane, Woodward, Hannah, Campbell, Kirsteen C., Timpson, Nicholas, Kwong, Alex, Soares, Ana Goncalves, Griffith, Gareth, Toms, Renin, Jones, Louise, Annie, Herbert, Mitchell, Ruth, Palmer, Tom, Sterne, Jonathan, Walker, Venexia, Huntley, Lizzie, Fox, Laura, Denholm, Rachel, Knight, Rochelle, Northstone, Kate, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Horne, Elsie, Forbes, Harriet, North, Teri, Taylor, Kurt, Arab, Marwa A.L., Walker, Scott, Coronado, Jose I.C., Karthikeyan, Arun S., Ploubidis, George, Moltrecht, Bettina, Booth, Charlotte, Parsons, Sam, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Steves, Claire, Thompson, Ellen, Garcia, Paz, Cheetham, Nathan, Bowyer, Ruth, Freydin, Maxim, Roberts, Amy, Goldacre, Ben, Walker, Alex, Morley, Jess, Hulme, William, Nab, Linda, Fisher, Louis, MacKenna, Brian, Andrews, Colm, Curtis, Helen, Hopcroft, Lisa, Green, Amelia, Patalay, Praveetha, Maddock, Jane, Patel, Kishan, Stafford, Jean, Jacques, Wels, Tilling, Kate, Macleod, John, McElroy, Eoin, Shah, Anoop, Silverwood, Richard, Denaxas, Spiros, Flaig, Robin, McCartney, Daniel, Campbell, Archie, Tomlinson, Laurie, Tazare, John, Zheng, Bang, Smeeth, Liam, Herrett, Emily, Cowling, Thomas, Mansfield, Kate, Costello, Ruth E., Wang, Kevin, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Douglas, Ian, Langan, Sinead, Brophy, Sinead, Parker, Michael, Kennedy, Jonathan, McEachan, Rosie, Wright, John, Willan, Kathryn, Badrick, Ellena, Santorelli, Gillian, Yang, Tiffany, Hou, Bo, Steptoe, Andrew, Giorgio, Di Gessa, Zhu, Jingmin, Zaninotto, Paola, Wood, Angela, Cezard, Genevieve, Ip, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Sampri, Alexia, Rafeti, Elena, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Sheikh, Aziz, Shah, Syed A., Katikireddi, Vittal, Shaw, Richard, Hamilton, Olivia, Green, Michael, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kopasker, Daniel, Greaves, Felix, Willans, Robert, Glen, Fiona, Sharp, Steve, Hughes, Alun, Wong, Andrew, Howes, Lee Hamill, Rapala, Alicja, Nigrelli, Lidia, McArdle, Fintan, Beckford, Chelsea, Raman, Betty, Dobson, Richard, Folarin, Amos, Stewart, Callum, Ranjan, Yatharth, Carpentieri, Jd, Sheard, Laura, Fang, Chao, Baz, Sarah, Gibson, Andy, Kellas, John, Neubauer, Stefan, Piechnik, Stefan, Lukaschuk, Elena, Saunders, Laura C., Wild, James M., Smith, Stephen, Jezzard, Peter, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Finnigan, Lucy, Ferreira, Vanessa, Green, Mark, Rhead, Rebecca, Kibble, Milla, Wei, Yinghui, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Teece, Lucy, Parker, Edward, Walker, Alex J., Inglesby, Peter, Curtis, Helen J., Morton, Caroline E., Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Hickman, George, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, DeVito, Nicholas J., Green, Amelia C.A., Massey, Jon, Smith, Rebecca M., Hulme, William J., Davy, Simon, Andrews, Colm D., Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Park, Robin Y., Higgins, Rose, Cunningham, Christine, Wiedemann, Milan, Maude, Steven, Macdonald, Orla, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., O'Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L., Wood, Christopher, Brown, Andrew D., Speed, Victoria, Bridges, Lucy, Schaffer, Andrea L., Walters, Caroline E., Rentsch, Christopher T., Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Schultze, Anna, Williamson, Elizabeth J., McDonald, Helen I., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Mathur, Rohini, Eggo, Rosalind M., Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel Y.S., Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel J., Mansfield, Kathryn E., Douglas, Ian J., Evans, Stephen J.W., Walker, Jemma L., Cowling, Thomas E., Herrett, Emily L., Parker, Edward P.K., Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Nicholson, Brian, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan AC., Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Carreira, Helena, Bidulka, Patrick, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Hayes, Joseph F., Quint, Jennifer K., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Langan, Sinéad M.

Published
2023
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11. Changes in COVID-19-related mortality across key demographic and clinical subgroups in England from 2020 to 2022: a retrospective cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

Nab, Linda, Parker, Edward P K, Andrews, Colm D, Hulme, William J, Fisher, Louis, Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, MacKenna, Brian, Inglesby, Peter, Morton, Caroline E, Bacon, Sebastian C J, Hickman, George, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, Smith, Rebecca M, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Maude, Steven, Butler-Cole, Ben F C, O’Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L, Bridges, Lucy, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Zheng, Bang, Williamson, Elizabeth J, Eggo, Rosalind M, Evans, Stephen J W, Goldacre, Ben, Tomlinson, Laurie A, and Walker, Alex J

Published
2023
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15. Risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes associated with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and immune-modifying therapies: a nationwide cohort study in the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

MacKenna, Brian, Kennedy, Nicholas A, Mehrkar, Amir, Rowan, Anna, Galloway, James, Matthewman, Julian, Mansfield, Kathryn E, Bechman, Katie, Yates, Mark, Brown, Jeremy, Schultze, Anna, Norton, Sam, Walker, Alex J, Morton, Caroline E, Harrison, David, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Rentsch, Christopher T, Williamson, Elizabeth, Croker, Richard, Bacon, Seb, Hickman, George, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Green, Amelia, Fisher, Louis, Hulme, William, Bates, Chris, Curtis, Helen J, Tazare, John, Eggo, Rosalind M, Evans, David, Inglesby, Peter, Cockburn, Jonathan, McDonald, Helen I, Tomlinson, Laurie A, Mathur, Rohini, Wong, Angel Y S, Forbes, Harriet, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Douglas, Ian J, Smeeth, Liam, Lees, Charlie W, Evans, Stephen J W, Goldacre, Ben, Smith, Catherine H, and Langan, Sinéad M

Published
2022
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19. Describing the population experiencing COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough following second vaccination in England: a cohort study from OpenSAFELY

Author

Green, Amelia, Curtis, Helen, Hulme, William, Williamson, Elizabeth, McDonald, Helen, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, MacKenna, Brian, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Andrews, Colm, Hopcroft, Lisa, Morton, Caroline, Croker, Richard, Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Evans, David, Inglesby, Peter, Hickman, George, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Mathur, Rohini, Tazare, John, Eggo, Rosalind, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Forbes, Harriet, Bates, Chris, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Stephen, Smeeth, Liam, and Goldacre, Ben

Published
2022
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21. OpenSAFELY: A platform for analysing electronic health records designed for reproducible research

Author

Nab, Linda, primary, Schaffer, Andrea L., additional, Hulme, William, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J., additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Andrews, Colm D., additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Green, Amelia, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Walters, Caroline E., additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Cunningham, Christine, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Hart, Liam, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Evans, David, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline E., additional, Smith, Rebecca M., additional, Ward, Tom, additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, Butler‐Cole, Ben F. C., additional, Stables, Catherine L., additional, Stokes, Pete, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonny, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Parry, John, additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Schultze, Anna, additional, Rentsch, Christopher T., additional, Mathur, Rohini, additional, Tomlinson, Laurie A., additional, Williamson, Elizabeth J., additional, Smeeth, Liam, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, and Goldacre, Ben, additional

Published
2024
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22. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Antidepressant Prescribing with a focus on people with learning disability and autism: An interrupted time-series analysis in England using OpenSAFELY-TPP

Author

Cunningham, Christine, primary, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Schaffer, Andrea L, additional, Brown, Andrew D, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Curtis, Helen J, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Hulme, William J, additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Ward, Thomas, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Walker, Alex J, additional, Butler-Cole, Benjamin, additional, Andrews, Colm D, additional, Parry, John, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Evans, David, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Smith, Rebecca, additional, Hart, Liam, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, and MacKenna, Brian, additional

Published
2024
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23. Incidence and treatment of group A streptococcal infections during covid-19 pandemic and 2022 outbreak: retrospective cohort study in England using OpenSAFELY-TPP

Author

Cunningham, Christine, primary, Fisher, Louis, additional, Wood, Christopher, additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Brown, Andrew D, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben FC, additional, Evans, David, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Bacon, Sebastian CJ, additional, Beech, Elizabeth, additional, Hand, Kieran, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Smith, Rebecca M, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Hart, Liam C, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and MacKenna, Brian, additional

Published
2024
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26. Contributors

Author

Alfaro, Andrea C., primary, Alonso, David, additional, Banaigs, Bernard, additional, Bayly, Michael J., additional, Beale, David J., additional, Bell, Ian P., additional, Benke, Peter Imre, additional, Bennett, William W., additional, Bissett, Andrew, additional, Bodrossy, Levente, additional, Boot, Claudia M., additional, Boughton, Berin A., additional, Boyle, Rhianna, additional, Broeckling, Corey D., additional, Brua, Robert B., additional, Buthelezi, Nombuso, additional, Carroll, Anthony R., additional, Chele, Kekeletso, additional, Clowers, Brian H., additional, Coleman, Rhys A., additional, Cook, Kathryn B., additional, Cook, Stephen, additional, Crosswell, Joseph, additional, Culp, Joseph M., additional, Cunning, Ross, additional, Davy, Simon K., additional, Dayalan, Saravanan, additional, van de Kamp, Jodie, additional, Dias, D.A., additional, Doriean, Nicholas J.C., additional, Ezernieks, Vilnis, additional, Forbes, Shari, additional, Gargallo-Garriga, Albert, additional, Gates, Ruth D., additional, Gómez-Ramos, Maria del Mar, additional, Gómez-Ramos, Maria Jose, additional, Gorman, Daniel, additional, Gorst-Allman, Peter, additional, Grossman, Arthur R., additional, Halliwell, Daryl B., additional, Hano, Takeshi, additional, Hayden, Helen L., additional, Heffernan, Amy L., additional, Hillyer, Katie E., additional, Hoffmann, Ary A., additional, Huyser, Johan, additional, Jeong, Tae-Yong, additional, Jeppe, Katherine J., additional, Jones, Oliver A.H., additional, Kanojia, Komal, additional, Karpe, Avinash V., additional, Kelly, Christina, additional, Keough, Michael J., additional, Klem, Karel, additional, Kouremenos, Konstantinos A., additional, Kovacevic, Vera, additional, Kumar, Anu, additional, Kumar, Manoj, additional, Kuzhiumparambil, Unnikrishnan, additional, Lanctôt, Chantal M., additional, Lecchini, David, additional, Lephatsi, Motseoa, additional, Long, Sara M., additional, Lutz, Adrian, additional, MacLeod, Ben, additional, Majedi, Seyed Mohammad, additional, Malinowski, Natalia, additional, Matthews, Jennifer L., additional, Mayor, Daniel J., additional, McConville, Malcolm J., additional, Mele, Pauline M., additional, Melvin, Steven D., additional, Miller, Haylea C., additional, Miller, Rebecca E, additional, Mochida, Kazuhiko, additional, Nephali, Lerato, additional, Nguyen, Thao V., additional, Nizio, Katie D., additional, O’Brien, Allyson L., additional, O’Callaghan, Sean, additional, Oakley, Clinton A., additional, Oliveira Pereira, Erico A., additional, Opperman, Hugo, additional, Oravec, Michal, additional, Palombo, Enzo A., additional, Paten, Amy M., additional, Pavagadhi, Shruti, additional, Peñuelas, Josep, additional, Pettigrove, Vincent J., additional, Pomfret, Sarah M., additional, Preece, Catherine, additional, Puzon, Geoffrey J., additional, Pyke, James, additional, Ralph, Peter, additional, Reid, Rebecca, additional, Reverter, Miriam, additional, Ritmejerytė, Edita, additional, Rochfort, Simone J., additional, Roessner, Ute, additional, Sardans, Jordi, additional, Sasal, Pierre, additional, Schimel, Joshua P., additional, Shah, Rohan M., additional, Simpson, Myrna J., additional, Sinclair, Georgia M., additional, Sommer, Ulf, additional, De Souza, David P., additional, Steenkamp, Paul, additional, Stephenson, Sarah, additional, Steven, Andy D.L., additional, Swarup, Sanjay, additional, Tapissier-Bontemps, Nathalie, additional, Taylor, Matthew C., additional, Tugizimana, Fidele, additional, Tull, Dedreia L., additional, Umashankar, Shivshankar, additional, Urban, Otmar, additional, Viant, Mark R., additional, Villa, C. Alexander, additional, Wallenstein, Matthew D., additional, Warden, Andrew C., additional, Weis, Virginia M., additional, Whiteley, Andrew S., additional, Williams, Michelle R., additional, Witson-Williams, Raphael, additional, Yeap, Yoon Ting, additional, and Yu, Zhihao, additional

Published
2022
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31. The impact of COVID‐19 on medication reviews in English primary care. An OpenSAFELY‐TPP analysis of 20 million adult electronic health records.

Author

Wood, Christopher, Speed, Victoria, Fisher, Louis, Curtis, Helen J., Schaffer, Andrea L., Walker, Alex J., Croker, Richard, Brown, Andrew D., Cunningham, Christine, Hulme, William J., Andrews, Colm D., Butler‐Cole, Ben F. C., Evans, David, Inglesby, Peter, Dillingham, Iain, Bacon, Sebastian C. J., Davy, Simon, Ward, Tom, Hickman, George, and Bridges, Lucy

Subjects
MEDICATION reconciliation, ELECTRONIC health records, PRIMARY care, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19, CUCUMBER mosaic virus
Abstract

Aims: The COVID‐19 pandemic caused significant disruption to routine activity in primary care. Medication reviews are an important primary care activity ensuring safety and appropriateness of prescribing. A disruption could have significant negative implications for patient care. Using routinely collected data, our aim was first to describe codes used to record medication review activity and then to report the impact of COVID‐19 on the rates of medication reviews. Methods: With the approval of NHS England, we conducted a cohort study of 20 million adult patient records in general practice, in‐situ using the OpenSAFELY platform. For each month, between April 2019 and March 2022, we report the percentage of patients with a medication review coded monthly and in the previous 12 months with breakdowns by regional, clinical and demographic subgroups and those prescribed high‐risk medications. Results: In April 2019, 32.3% of patients had a medication review coded in the previous 12 months. During the first COVID‐19 lockdown, monthly activity decreased (−21.1% April 2020), but the 12‐month rate was not substantially impacted (−10.5% March 2021). The rate of structured medication review in the last 12 months reached 2.9% by March 2022, with higher percentages in high‐risk groups (care home residents 34.1%, age 90+ years 13.1%, high‐risk medications 10.2%). The most used medication review code was Medication review done 314530002 (59.5%). Conclusions: There was a substantial reduction in the monthly rate of medication reviews during the pandemic but rates recovered by the end of the study period. Structured medication reviews were prioritized for high‐risk patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Triggers, cascades, and endpoints: connecting the dots of coral bleaching mechanisms.

Author

Helgoe, Joshua, Davy, Simon K., Weis, Virginia M., and Rodriguez‐Lanetty, Mauricio

Subjects
*CORAL bleaching, *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of cold temperatures, *CORAL reefs & islands, *CORALS, *DENATURATION of proteins, *COLD adaptation, *SYMBIOSIS
Abstract

The intracellular coral–dinoflagellate symbiosis is the engine that underpins the success of coral reefs, one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. However, the breakdown of the symbiosis and the loss of the microalgal symbiont (i.e. coral bleaching) due to environmental changes are resulting in the rapid degradation of coral reefs globally. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular physiology of coral bleaching at the mechanistic level to help develop solutions to mitigate the coral reef crisis. Here, at an unprecedented scope, we present novel models that integrate putative mechanisms of coral bleaching within a common framework according to the triggers (initiators of bleaching, e.g. heat, cold, light stress, hypoxia, hyposalinity), cascades (cellular pathways, e.g. photoinhibition, unfolded protein response, nitric oxide), and endpoints (mechanisms of symbiont loss, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis, exocytosis/vomocytosis). The models are supported by direct evidence from cnidarian systems, and indirectly through comparative evolutionary analyses from non‐cnidarian systems. With this approach, new putative mechanisms have been established within and between cascades initiated by different bleaching triggers. In particular, the models provide new insights into the poorly understood connections between bleaching cascades and endpoints and highlight the role of a new mechanism of symbiont loss, i.e. 'symbiolysosomal digestion', which is different from symbiophagy. This review also increases the approachability of bleaching physiology for specialists and non‐specialists by mapping the vast landscape of bleaching mechanisms in an atlas of comprehensible and detailed mechanistic models. We then discuss major knowledge gaps and how future research may improve the understanding of the connections between the diverse cascade of cellular pathways and the mechanisms of symbiont loss (endpoints). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Impact of COVID-19 on mental illness in vaccinated and unvaccinated people: a population-based cohort study in OpenSAFELY

Author

Walker, Venexia, primary, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Cuitin Coronado, Jose Ignacio, additional, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Forbes, Harriet, additional, Stafford, Jean, additional, Moltrecht, Bettina, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Thompson, Ellen J, additional, Taylor, Kurt, additional, Cezard, Genevieve, additional, Horne, Elsie MF, additional, Wei, Yinghui, additional, Al Arab, Marwa, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Chaturvedi, Nishi, additional, Macleod, John, additional, John, Ann, additional, and Sterne, Jonathan AC, additional

Published
2023
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37. Influence of Symbiont Species on the Glycerol and Glucose Pools in a Model Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis

Author

Starzak, Dorota E., Quinnell, Rosanne G., Cook, Clayton B., and Davy, Simon K.

Subjects
Symbiosis -- Physiological aspects, Glycerin -- Physiological aspects, Coelenterata -- Physiological aspects -- Chemical properties, Glycerol -- Physiological aspects, Dinoflagellates -- Physiological aspects -- Chemical properties, Glucose metabolism -- Observations, Biological sciences
Abstract

Symbiotic dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae release mobile compounds (e.g., glucose, glycerol, amino acids, and lipids) to their host's tissues. Little is known about how different symbionts affect quantitative and qualitative differences in these compounds. We tested how symbiont identity affects glycerol and glucose pools in the tissues of the sea anemone Exaiptasia pallida ('Aiptasia'). We infected symbiont-free anemones with three different symbiotic dinoflagellates: Breviolum minutum isolated from our Aiptasia stock, B. minutum isolated from a different Aiptasia population, and the free-living Effrenium voralum. We measured free glycerol and glucose levels in host tissues under photosynthetic conditions, as well as metabolite release by these algae when freshly isolated from Aiptasia and incubated in a host tissue homogenate. Anemone tissues containing the stock B. minutum accumulated glycerol at a higher symbiont cell-specific rate than those containing the alternative B. minutum or E. voratum (e.g., at 9 h of light incubation: stock B. minutum, 4.05 * [10.sup.-5] nmol per algal cell; alternative B. minutum, 0.90 * [10.sup.-5] nmol per algal cell; E. voratum: 1.14 * [10.sup.-5] nmol per algal cell). All symbiotic hosts accumulated glucose between 1 and 12 h of light incubation. At 12 h, the symbiont cell-specific glucose content was 6-fold higher in anemone tissues that contained stock B. minutum than in those containing the alternative B. minutum (1.73 * [10.sup.-6] vs. 0.30 * [10.sup.-6] nmol per algal cell, respectively). All freshly isolated algae released glycerol and glucose when incubated in host homogenate except E. voratum, which did not release glycerol. These trends mirrored those in hospite. Our results suggest that, on an algal cell-specific basis, B. minutum isolated from the same Aiptasia stock provided better nutritional support to the host than did the two other algae, though this was not reflected in colonization success, highlighting the underlying complexity of host-symbiont recognition and symbiosis establishment in the cnidariandinoflagellate partnership., Introduction Many cnidarians (e.g., corals, sea anemones) form symbioses with dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae. This family is characterized by considerable genetic diversity, with multiple genera and species now recognized [...]

Published
2020
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38. Seasonally Driven Sexual and Asexual Reproduction in Temperate Tethya Species

Author

Shaffer, Megan R., Davy, Simon K., Maldonado, Manuel, and Bell, James J.

Subjects
Fishes, Chlorophyll, Population biology, Global temperature changes, Biological sciences, Victoria University of Wellington
Abstract

Marine organisms that rely on environmental cues for reproduction are likely to experience shifts in reproductive phenology and output due to global climate change. To assess the role that the environment may play in the reproductive timing for temperate sponges, this study examined sexual and asexual reproduction in New Zealand sponge species (Tethya bergquistae and the Tethya burtoni complex) and correlated reproductive output with temperature, chlorophyll-u concentration, and rainfall. Histological analyses of sponges collected monthly (from February 2015 to February 2017) revealed that these sponges are oviparous and gonochoristic and that they sexually reproduce annually during the austral summer. Both monthly collections and in situ monitoring revealed that Tethya spp. asexually bud continuously, but with greater intensity in the austral spring and summer. Temperature was positively associated with both sexual reproduction and budding, with seasonal cues appearing important. Future shifts in the environment that alter such cues are expected to affect population dynamics of these sponges., Introduction Environmental factors play a critical role in regulating both sexual and asexual reproduction for many marine invertebrates (Yamahira, 2004; Naylor, 2013). Temperature changes have been shown to trigger gametogenesis [...]

Published
2020
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39. Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in England and the implications of COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cohort study of 16 million people

Author

Taylor, Kurt, Eastwood, Sophie, Walker, Venexia, Cezard, Genevieve, Knight, Rochelle, Al Arab, Marwa, Wei, Yinghui, Horne, Elsie M F, Teece, Lucy, Forbes, Harriet, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, Palmer, Tom, Cuitun Coronado, Jose, Ip, Samantha, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Morton, Caroline, Greaves, Felix, Macleod, John, Goldacre, Ben, Wood, Angela, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Sterne, Jonathan A C, Denholm, Rachel, Al Arab, Marwa, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Andrews, Colm, Badrick, Ellena, Baz, Sarah, Beckford, Chelsea, Berman, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Booth, Charlotte, Bowyer, Ruth, Boyd, Andy, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Brophy, Sinead, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Kirsteen C, Carnemolla, Alisia, Carpentieri, Jd, Cezard, Genevieve, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Cheetham, Nathan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Crane, Matthew, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Curtis, Helen, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Dobson, Richard, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Katharine M, Fang, Chao, Ferreira, Vanessa, Finnigan, Lucy, Fisher, Louis, Flaig, Robin, Folarin, Amos, Forbes, Harriet, Foster, Diane, Fox, Laura, Freydin, Maxim, Garcia, Paz, Gibson, Andy, Glen, Fiona, Goldacre, Ben, Goncalves Soares, Ana, Greaves, Felix, Green, Amelia, Green, Mark, Green, Michael, Griffith, Gareth, Hamill Howes, Lee, Hamilton, Olivia, Herbet, Annie, Herrett, Emily, Hopcroft, Lisa, Horne, Elsie, Hou, Bo, Hughes, Alun, Hulme, William, Huntley, Lizzie, Ip, Samantha, Jacques, Wels, Jezzard, Peter, Jones, Louise, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Karthikeyan Suseeladevi, Arun, Katikireddi, Vittal, Kellas, John, Kennedy, Jonathan I, Kibble, Milla, Knight, Rochelle, Knueppel, Anika, Kopasker, Daniel, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kwong, Alex, Langan, Sinead, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Lukaschuk, Elena, Mackenna, Brain, Macleod, John, Maddock, Jane, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, McArdle, Fintan, McCartney, Daniel, McEachan, Rosie, McElroy, Eoin, McLachlan, Stela, Mitchell, Ruth, Moltrecht, Bettina, Morley, Jess, Nab, Linda, Neubauer, Stefan, Nigrelli, Lidia, North, Teri, Northstone, Kate, Oakley, Jacqui, Palmer, Tom, Park, Chloe, Parker, Michael, Parsons, Sam, Patalay, Praveetha, Patel, Kishan, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piechnik, Stefan, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Ploubidis, George, Rafeti, Elena, Raman, Betty, Ranjan, Yatharth, Rapala, Alicja, Rhead, Rebecca, Roberts, Amy, Sampri, Alexia, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Santorelli, Gillian, Saunders, Laura C, Shah, Anoop, Shah, Syed Ahmar, Sharp, Steve, Shaw, Richard, Sheard, Laura, Sheikh, Aziz, Silverwood, Richard, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Stephen, Stafford, Jean, Steptoe, Andrew, Sterne, Jonathan, Steves, Claire, Stewart, Callum, Taylor, Kurt, Tazare, John, Teece, Lucy, Thomas, Richard, Thompson, Ellen, Tilling, Kate, Timpson, Nicholas, Tomlinson, Laurie, Toms, Renin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Turner, Emma L, Walker, Alex, Walker, Venexia, Walter, Scott, Wang, Kevin, Wei, Yinghui, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Wild, James M, Willan, Kathryn, Willans, Robert, Williams, Dylan, Wong, Andrew, Wood, Angela, Woodward, Hannah, Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Zaninotto, Paola, Zheng, Bang, and Zhu, Jingmin

Abstract

Some studies have shown that the incidence of type 2 diabetes increases after a diagnosis of COVID-19, although the evidence is not conclusive. However, the effects of the COVID-19 vaccine on this association, or the effect on other diabetes subtypes, are not clear. We aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 and incidence of type 2, type 1, gestational and non-specific diabetes, and the effect of COVID- 19 vaccination, up to 52 weeks after diagnosis.

Published
2024
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40. The Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project (MMETSP): illuminating the functional diversity of eukaryotic life in the oceans through transcriptome sequencing.

Author

Keeling, Patrick J, Burki, Fabien, Wilcox, Heather M, Allam, Bassem, Allen, Eric E, Amaral-Zettler, Linda A, Armbrust, E Virginia, Archibald, John M, Bharti, Arvind K, Bell, Callum J, Beszteri, Bank, Bidle, Kay D, Cameron, Connor T, Campbell, Lisa, Caron, David A, Cattolico, Rose Ann, Collier, Jackie L, Coyne, Kathryn, Davy, Simon K, Deschamps, Phillipe, Dyhrman, Sonya T, Edvardsen, Bente, Gates, Ruth D, Gobler, Christopher J, Greenwood, Spencer J, Guida, Stephanie M, Jacobi, Jennifer L, Jakobsen, Kjetill S, James, Erick R, Jenkins, Bethany, John, Uwe, Johnson, Matthew D, Juhl, Andrew R, Kamp, Anja, Katz, Laura A, Kiene, Ronald, Kudryavtsev, Alexander, Leander, Brian S, Lin, Senjie, Lovejoy, Connie, Lynn, Denis, Marchetti, Adrian, McManus, George, Nedelcu, Aurora M, Menden-Deuer, Susanne, Miceli, Cristina, Mock, Thomas, Montresor, Marina, Moran, Mary Ann, Murray, Shauna, Nadathur, Govind, Nagai, Satoshi, Ngam, Peter B, Palenik, Brian, Pawlowski, Jan, Petroni, Giulio, Piganeau, Gwenael, Posewitz, Matthew C, Rengefors, Karin, Romano, Giovanna, Rumpho, Mary E, Rynearson, Tatiana, Schilling, Kelly B, Schroeder, Declan C, Simpson, Alastair GB, Slamovits, Claudio H, Smith, David R, Smith, G Jason, Smith, Sarah R, Sosik, Heidi M, Stief, Peter, Theriot, Edward, Twary, Scott N, Umale, Pooja E, Vaulot, Daniel, Wawrik, Boris, Wheeler, Glen L, Wilson, William H, Xu, Yan, Zingone, Adriana, and Worden, Alexandra Z

Subjects
Sequence Analysis, Environmental Microbiology, Biodiversity, Molecular Sequence Data, Databases, Factual, Oceans and Seas, Eukaryota, Transcriptome, Databases, Factual, Developmental Biology, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
Published
2014

41. During the COVID‐19 pandemic 20 000 prostate cancer diagnoses were missed in England.

Author

Lemanska, Agnieszka, Andrews, Colm, Fisher, Louis, Bacon, Seb, Mehrkar, Amir, Inglesby, Peter, Davy, Simon, Goldacre, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Walker, Alex J., Rentsch, Christopher T., Curtis, Helen J., Morton, Caroline E., Morley, Jessica, Hickman, George, Bates, Chris, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, and Cockburn, Jonathan

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, CANCER diagnosis, PROSTATE cancer, PROSTATE cancer patients, OLDER men
Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on prostate cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality in England. Patients and Methods: With the approval of NHS England and using the OpenSAFELY‐TPP dataset of 24 million patients, we undertook a cohort study of men diagnosed with prostate cancer. We visualised monthly rates in prostate cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality per 100 000 adult men from January 2015 to July 2023. To assess the effect of the pandemic, we used generalised linear models and the pre‐pandemic data to predict the expected rates from March 2020 as if the pandemic had not occurred. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the predicted values were used to estimate the significance of the difference between the predicted and observed rates. Results: In 2020, there was a drop in recorded incidence by 4772 (31%) cases (15 550 vs 20 322; 95% CI 19 241–21 403). In 2021, the incidence started to recover, and the drop was 3148 cases (18%, 17 950 vs 21 098; 95% CI 19 740–22 456). By 2022, the incidence returned to the levels that would be expected. During the pandemic, the age at diagnosis shifted towards older men. In 2020, the average age was 71.6 (95% CI 71.5–71.8) years, in 2021 it was 71.8 (95% CI 71.7–72.0) years as compared to 71.3 (95% CI 71.1–71.4) years in 2019. Conclusions: Given that our dataset represents 40% of the population, we estimate that proportionally the pandemic led to 20 000 missed prostate cancer diagnoses in England alone. The increase in incidence recorded in 2023 was not enough to account for the missed cases. The prevalence of prostate cancer remained lower throughout the pandemic than expected. As the recovery efforts continue, healthcare should focus on finding the men who were affected. The research should focus on investigating the potential harms to men diagnosed at older age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Clinical and health inequality risk factors for non-COVID-related sepsis during the global COVID-19 pandemic: a national case-control and cohort study

Author

Zhong, Xiaomin, primary, Ashiru-Oredope, Diane, additional, Pate, Alexander, additional, Martin, Glen P., additional, Sharma, Anita, additional, Dark, Paul, additional, Felton, Tim, additional, Lake, Claire, additional, MacKenna, Brian, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Hand, Kieran, additional, Bladon, Sian, additional, Cunningham, Neil, additional, Gilham, Ellie, additional, Brown, Colin S., additional, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, additional, Palin, Victoria, additional, van Staa, Tjeerd Pieter, additional, Walker, Alex J., additional, Curtis, Helen J., additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Hickman, George, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Evans, David, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, DeVito, Nicholas J., additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Green, Amelia C.A., additional, Smith, Rebecca M., additional, Hulme, William J., additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Andrews, Colm D., additional, Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Higgins, Rose, additional, Cunningham, Christine, additional, Wiedemann, Milan, additional, Nab, Linda, additional, Maude, Steven, additional, Macdonald, Orla, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., additional, O'Dwyer, Thomas, additional, Stables, Catherine L., additional, Wood, Christopher, additional, Brown, Andrew D., additional, Speed, Victoria, additional, Bridges, Lucy, additional, Schaffer, Andrea L., additional, Walters, Caroline E., additional, Bates, Christopher, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, and Harper, Sam, additional

Published
2023
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44. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antipsychotic prescribing in individuals with autism, dementia, learning disability, serious mental illness or living in a care home: a federated analysis of 59 million patients’ primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY

Author

Macdonald, Orla, primary, Green, Amelia, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Curtis, Helen, additional, Croker, Richard, additional, Brown, Andrew, additional, Butler-Cole, Ben, additional, Andrews, Colm, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Inglesby, Peter, additional, Morton, Caroline, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Morley, Jessica, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Sebastian, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Evans, David, additional, Dillingham, Iain, additional, Ward, Tom, additional, Hulme, William, additional, Bates, Chris, additional, Cockburn, Jonathan, additional, Parry, John, additional, Hester, Frank, additional, Harper, Sam, additional, O'Hanlon, Shaun, additional, Eavis, Alex, additional, Jarvis, Richard, additional, Avramov, Dima, additional, Parkes, Nasreen, additional, Wood, Ian, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, and Mackenna, Brian, additional

Published
2023
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