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1. Serial Urinary C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 and Risk of Persistent Severe Acute Kidney Injury

Author

Prowle, John R., Artigas, Antonio, Bagshaw, Sean M., Forni, Lui G., Heung, Michael, Hoste, Eric, Marlies, Ostermann, Koyner, Jay L., Chawla, Lakmir, Kampf, J. Patrick, Kwan, Thomas, McPherson, Paul, Kellum, John A., Kashani, K, Al-Khafaji, A, Ardiles, T, Artigas, A, Bagshaw, SM, Bell, M, Bihorac, A, Birkhahn, R, Cely, CM, Chawla, LS, Davison, D, Feldkamp, T, Forni, LG, Gong, MN, Gunnerson, KJ, Haase, M, Hackett, J, Honore, P, Hoste, EAJ, Joannes-Boyau, O, Joannidis, M, Kim, P, Koyner, JL, Laskowitz, DT, Lissauer, ME, Marx, G, McCullough, PA, Mullaney, S, Ostermann, M, Rimmele, T, Shapiro, NI, Shaw, AD, Shi, J, Walker, MG, Sprague, AM, Vincent, JL, Vinsonneau, C, Wagner, L, Wilkerson, RG, Zacharowski, K, Kellum, JA, Hoste, Eric, Bihora, Azra, Al-Khafaji, Ali, Ortega, Luis M., Ostermann, Marlies, Haase, Michael, Zacharowski, Kai, Wunderink, Richard, Heung, Michael, Gunnerson, Kyle, Lissauer, Matthew, Herr, Daniel, Self, Wesley H., Koyner, Jay L., Honore, Patrick M., Prowle, John R., Davison, Danielle, Artigas, Antonio, Joannidis, Michael, Schroeder, Rebecca, Demirjian, Sevag, Forni, Lui G., Hodgson, Luke, Wilber, Scott T., Frey, Jennifer A., Reilly, Ian, Shi, Jing, Patrick Kampf, J., Kwan, Thomas, McPherson, Paul, Kellum, John A., and Chawla, Lakhmir S.

Published
2023
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4. Novel broad-spectrum activity-based probes to profile malarial cysteine proteases

Author

Langsley, G, Tan, MSY, Davison, D, Sanchez, MI, Anderson, BM, Howell, S, Snijders, A, Edgington-Mitchell, LE, Deu, E, Langsley, G, Tan, MSY, Davison, D, Sanchez, MI, Anderson, BM, Howell, S, Snijders, A, Edgington-Mitchell, LE, and Deu, E

Abstract

Clan CA cysteine proteases, also known as papain-like proteases, play important roles throughout the malaria parasite life cycle and are therefore potential drug targets to treat this disease and prevent its transmission. In order to study the biological function of these proteases and to chemically validate some of them as viable drug targets, highly specific inhibitors need to be developed. This is especially challenging given the large number of clan CA proteases present in Plasmodium species (ten in Plasmodium falciparum), and the difficulty of designing selective inhibitors that do not cross-react with other members of the same family. Additionally, any efforts to develop antimalarial drugs targeting these proteases will also have to take into account potential off-target effects against the 11 human cysteine cathepsins. Activity-based protein profiling has been a very useful tool to determine the specificity of inhibitors against all members of an enzyme family. However, current clan CA proteases broad-spectrum activity-based probes either target endopeptidases or dipeptidyl aminopeptidases, but not both subfamilies efficiently. In this study, we present a new series of dipeptydic vinyl sulfone probes containing a free N-terminal tryptophan and a fluorophore at the P1 position that are able to label both subfamilies efficiently, both in Plasmodium falciparum and in mammalian cells, thus making them better broad-spectrum activity-based probes. We also show that some of these probes are cell permeable and can therefore be used to determine the specificity of inhibitors in living cells. Interestingly, we show that the choice of fluorophore greatly influences the specificity of the probes as well as their cell permeability.

Published
2020

6. Estimates of roughness length from minisonde profiles in the Athabasca oil sands area /

Author

Rudolph, Randell Charles, 1953, Davison, D. S. (Douglas Stewart), 1946, Alberta. Alberta Environment, Alberta. Environmental Protection Services, University of Alberta Libraries (archive.org), Rudolph, Randell Charles, 1953, Davison, D. S. (Douglas Stewart), 1946, Alberta. Alberta Environment, and Alberta. Environmental Protection Services

Subjects
Air, Alberta, Athabasca Tar Sands, Athabasca Tar Sands (Alta.), Environmental monitoring, Measurement, Pollution, Rawinsonde observations, surface roughness, Winds, Winds aloft
Published
1985

20. Student Teachers Discover Mathematics in Industry

Author

Fensham, P. J. and Davison, D. M.

Abstract

As part of their teacher training course, graduate students visited several industries to find what mathematics was in use. (MM)

Published
1972

25. Association scan of 14,500 nonsynonymous SNPs in four diseases identifies autoimmunity variants

Author

Burton, PR, Clayton, DG, Cardon, LR, Craddock, N, Deloukas, P, Duncanson, A, Kwiatkowski, DP, McCarthy, MI, Ouwehand, WH, Samani, NJ, Todd, JA, Donnelly, P, Barrett, JC, Davison, D, Easton, D, Evans, DM, Leung, HT, Marchini, JL, Morris, AP, Spencer, CC, Tobin, MD, Attwood, AP, Boorman, JP, Cant, B, Everson, U, Hussey, JM, Jolley, JD, Knight, AS, Koch, K, Meech, E, Nutland, S, Prowse, CV, Stevens, HE, Taylor, NC, Walters, GR, Walker, NM, Watkins, NA, Winzer, T, Jones, RW, McArdle, WL, Ring, SM, Strachan, DP, Pembrey, M, Breen, G, St Clair, D, Caesar, S, Gordon-Smith, K, Jones, L, Fraser, C, Green, EK, Grozeva, D, Hamshere, ML, Holmans, PA, Jones, IR, Kirov, G, Moskivina, V, Nikolov, I, O'Donovan, MC, Owen, MJ, Collier, DA, Elkin, A, Farmer, A, Williamson, R, McGuffin, P, Young, AH, Ferrier, IN, Ball, SG, Balmforth, AJ, Barrett, JH, Bishop, TD, Iles, MM, Maqbool, A, Yuldasheva, N, Hall, AS, Braund, PS, Dixon, RJ, Mangino, M, Stevens, S, Thompson, JR, Bredin, F, Tremelling, M, Parkes, M, Drummond, H, Lees, CW, Nimmo, ER, Satsangi, J, Fisher, SA, Forbes, A, Lewis, CM, Onnie, CM, Prescott, NJ, Sanderson, J, Matthew, CG, Barbour, J, Mohiuddin, MK, Todhunter, CE, Mansfield, JC, Ahmad, T, Cummings, FR, Jewell, DP, Webster, J, Brown, MJ, Lathrop, MG, Connell, J, Dominiczak, A, Marcano, CA, Burke, B, Dobson, R, Gungadoo, J, Lee, KL, Munroe, PB, Newhouse, SJ, Onipinla, A, Wallace, C, Xue, M, Caulfield, M, Farrall, M, Barton, A, Bruce, IN, Donovan, H, Eyre, S, Gilbert, PD, Hilder, SL, Hinks, AM, John, SL, Potter, C, Silman, AJ, Symmons, DP, Thomson, W, Worthington, J, Dunger, DB, Widmer, B, Frayling, TM, Freathy, RM, Lango, H, Perry, JR, Shields, BM, Weedon, MN, Hattersley, AT, Hitman, GA, Walker, M, Elliott, KS, Groves, CJ, Lindgren, CM, Rayner, NW, Timpson, NJ, Zeggini, E, Newport, M, Sirugo, G, Lyons, E, Vannberg, F, Hill, AV, Bradbury, LA, Farrar, C, Pointon, JJ, Wordsworth, P, Brown, MA, Franklyn, JA, Heward, JM, Simmonds, MJ, Gough, SC, Seal, S, Stratton, MR, Rahman, N, Ban, M, Goris, A, Sawcer, SJ, Compston, A, Conway, D, Jallow, M, Rockett, KA, Bumpstead, SJ, Chaney, A, Downes, K, Ghori, MJ, Gwilliam, R, Hunt, SE, Inouye, M, Keniry, A, King, E, McGinnis, R, Potter, S, Ravindrarajah, R, Whittaker, P, Widden, C, Withers, D, Cardin, NJ, Ferreira, T, Pereira-Gale, J, Hallgrimsdo'ttir, IB, Howie, BN, Su, Z, Teo, YY, Vukcevic, D, Bentley, D, Mitchell, SL, Newby, PR, Brand, OJ, Carr-Smith, J, Pearce, SH, Reveille, JD, Zhou, X, Sims, AM, Dowling, A, Taylor, J, Doan, T, Davis, JC, Savage, L, Ward, MM, Learch, TL, Weisman, MH, and Brown, M

Subjects
Linkage disequilibrium, Multiple Sclerosis, Genotype, Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, Autoimmunity, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Aminopeptidases, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, Article, Minor Histocompatibility Antigens, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, Receptors, Immunologic, education, Genetic association, education.field_of_study, Ankylosing spondylitis, Thyroiditis, Autoimmune, Chromosome Mapping, Receptors, Interleukin, medicine.disease, Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, North America
Abstract

We have genotyped 14,436 nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) and 897 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) tag SNPs from 1,000 independent cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and breast cancer (BC). Comparing these data against a common control dataset derived from 1,500 randomly selected healthy British individuals, we report initial association and independent replication in a North American sample of two new loci related to ankylosing spondylitis, ARTS1 and IL23R, and confirmation of the previously reported association of AITD with TSHR and FCRL3. These findings, enabled in part by increased statistical power resulting from the expansion of the control reference group to include individuals from the other disease groups, highlight notable new possibilities for autoimmune regulation and suggest that IL23R may be a common susceptibility factor for the major 'seronegative' diseases.

Published
2016

26. SOLUTIONS

Author

Davison, D. H.

Published
1879

27. Correspondence

Author

Walton, John N., Burns, B., Cartwright, Hugh, Peake, Dorothy E., Barber, Geoffrey, Packer, E. A., Davison, D. W., Lund, J. F., Hutton, W. G., and Campbell, George

Published
1955

28. Correspondence

Author

Sumner, Colin, Davison, D. W., Breach, A. C. E., Chilton, H. T., Wright, L. C., Gilchrist, Leo, Madigan, D. G., Wakeham, J. Y. D., Adcock, F. A., van Meurs, D. P., Newstead, S. M., Griffiths, Louis L., and Gillie, Annis

Published
1955

29. Genome-wide and fine-resolution association analysis of malaria in West Africa

Author

Muminatou, Jallow, Yik Ying Teo, Small, Kerrin S., Rockett, Kirk A., Panos, Deloukas, Clark, Taane G., Katja, Kivinen, Bojang, Kalifa A., Conway, David J., Margaret, Pinder, Giorgio, Sirugo, Fatou Sisay Joof, Stanley, Usen, Sarah, Auburn, Bumpstead, Suzannah J., Susana, Campino, Alison, Coffey, Andrew, Dunham, Fry, Andrew E., Angela, Green, Rhian, Gwilliam, Hunt, Sarah E., Michael, Inouye, Jeffreys, Anna E., Alieu, Mendy, Aarno, Palotie, Simon, Potter, Jiannis, Ragoussis, Jane, Rogers, Kate, Rowlands, Elilan, Somaskantharajah, Pamela, Whittaker, Claire, Widden, Peter, Donnelly, Bryan, Howie, Jonathan, Marchini, Andrew, Morris, Miguel, Sanjoaquin, Eric Akum Achidi, Tsiri, Agbenyega, Angela, Allen, Olukemi, Amodu, Patrick, Corran, Abdoulaye, Djimde, Amagana, Dolo, Doumbo, Ogobara K., Chris, Drakeley, Sarah, Dunstan, Jennifer, Evans, Jeremy, Farrar, Hien Tt, Fernando D., Horstmann, R. D., Ibrahim, M., Karunaweera, N., Kokwaro, G., Koram, K. A., Lemnge, M., Makani, J., Marsh, K., Michon, P., David, Modiano, Molyneux, M. E., Mueller, I., Parker, M., Peshu, N., Plowe, C. V., Puijalon, O., Reeder, J., Reyburn, H., Riley, E. M., Sakuntabhai, A., Singhasivanon, P., Sirima, S., Tall, A., Taylor, T. E., Thera, M., Troye Blomberg, M., Williams, T. N., Wilson, M., Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium Kwiatkowski, D. P., Epidemiology Network: Achidi, Malaria Genomic E. A., Agbenyega, T., Ahmad, T., Alcock, D., Allen, S., Amenga Etego, L., Amodu, O., Apinjoh, T. O., Attwood, A. P., Auburn, S., Ball, S. G., Balmforth, A. J., Ban, M., Barbour, J., Barnwell, D., Barrett, J. C., Barrett, J. H., Barton, A., Bentley, D., Bishop, D. T., Bojang, K., Boorman, J. P., Bougouma, E., Bradbury, L. A., Braga Marcano, C. A., Braund, P. S., Bredin, F., Breen, G., Brown, M. A., Brown, M. J., Bruce, I. N., Bryan, C., Bull, S., Bumpstead, S. J., Burke, B., Burton, P. R., Caesar, S., Campino, S., Cant, B., Cardin, N. J., Cardon, L. R., Carucci, D., Caulfield, M., Chaney, A., Clark, T., Clayton, D. G., Collier, D. A., Compston, A., Compston, D. A., Connell, J., Conway, D., Cook, K., Corran, P., Craddock, N., Cummings, F. R., Davison, D., Deloukas, P., Devries, J., Dewasurendra, R., Diakite, M., Dixon, R. J., Djimde, A., Dobson, R., Dolo, A., Dominiczak, A., Donnelly, P., Donovan, H., Doumbo, O., Downes, K., Doyle, A., Drakeley, C., Drummond, H., Duffy, P., Duncanson, A., Dunger, D. B., Dunstan, S., Duombo, O., Easton, D., Elkin, A., Elliott, K. S., Elzein, A., Enimil, A., Evans, D., Evans, J., Everson, U., Eyre, S., Farmer, A., Farrall, M., Farrar, C., Farrar, J., Fernando, D., Ferreira, T., Ferrier, I. N., Fisher, S. A., Fitzpatrick, K., Forbes, A., Franklyn, J. A., Fraser, C., Frayling, T. M., Freathy, R. M., Ghansah, A., Ghori, J., Gilbert, P. D., Gordon Smith, K., Goris, A., Gottlieb, M., Gough, S. C., Green, A., Green, E. K., Groves, C. J., Grozeva, D., Gungadoo, J., Gwilliam, R., Hall, A. S., Hallgrimsdóttir, I. B., Hamshere, M. L., Hart, L., Hattersley, A. T., Heward, J. M., Hider, S. L., Tran Tinh Hien, Hill, A. V., Hilton, E., Hinks, A. M., Hitman, G. A., Holmans, P. A., Horstmann, Rolf D., Howie, B. N., Hubbart, C., Hughes, C., Hunt, S. E., Hussein, A., Hussey, J. M., Muntaser, Ibrahim, Iles, M. M., Inouye, M., Ishengoma, D., Jallow, M., Jeffreys, A. E., Jewell, D. P., John, Sl, Jolley, J. D., Jones, I. R., Jones, L., Jones, R. W., Nadira, Karunaweera, Keniry, A., King, E., Kirov, G., Kivinen, K., Knight, A. S., Koch, K., Gilbert, Kokwaro, Koram, Kwadwo A., Lango, H., Lathrop, G. M., Lee, K. L., Lees, C. W., Martha, Lemnge, Leung, H. T., Lewis, C. M., Lin, E., Lindgren, C. M., Ly, A., Macinnis, B., Julie, Makani, Mangano, Valentina, Mangino, M., Manjurano, A., Manning, L., Mansfield, J. C., Manske, M., Maqbool, A., Marchini, J. L., Kevin, Marsh, Maslen, G., Mathew, C. G., Mcardle, W. L., Mccarthy, M. I., Mccreight, M., Mcginnis, R., Mcguffin, P., Meech, E., Mendy, A., Pascal, Michon, Mohiuddin, M. K., Molyneux, Malcolm E., Morris, A. P., Moskvina, V., Moyes, C., Ivo, Mueller, Munroe, P. B., Mutabingwa, T., Ndila, C. M., Newhouse, S. J., Newport, M., Nikolov, I., Nimmo, E. R., Nutland, S., Nyirongo, V., O'Donovan, M. C., Oluoch, T., Onipinla, A., Onnie, C. M., Ouwehand, W. H., Owen, M. J., Michael, Parker, Parkes, M., Pembrey, M., Pereira Gale, J., Perry, J. R., Norbert, Peshu, Plowe, Christopher V., Pointon, J. J., Potter, C., Potter, S., Prescott, N. J., Prowse, C. V., Odile, Puijalon, Quyen, N. T., Ragoussis, J., Rahman, N., Ravindrarajah, R., Rayner, N. W., John, Reeder, Hugh, Reyburn, Riley, Eleanor M., Ring, S. M., Risley, P., Rockett, K. A., Rogers, J., Rowlands, K., Anavaj, Sakuntabhai, Samani, N. J., Sanderson, J., Sanjoaquin, M., Satsangi, J., Sawcer, S. J., Seal, S., Shields, B. M., Silman, A. J., Simmonds, M. J., Pratap, Singhasivanon, Sodiomon, Sirima, Sirugo, G., Small, K. S., Somaskantharajah, E., Spencer, C. C., St Clair, D., Stevens, H. E., Stevens, M., Stevens, S., Strachan, D. P., Stratton, M. R., Su, Z., Suriyaphol, P., Symmons, D. P., Adama, Tall, Taylor, N. C., Taylor, Terrie E., Teo, Y., Teo, Y. Y., Mahamadou, Thera, Thompson, J. R., Thomson, W., Timpson, N. J., Tobin, M. D., Todd, J. A., Todhunter, C. E., Toure, O., Tremelling, M., Marita Troye Blomberg, Vanderwal, A., Vukcevic, D., Walker, M., Walker, N. M., Wallace, C., Walters, G. R., Walton, R., Watkins, N. A., Watson, R., Webster, J., Weedon, M. N., Whittaker, P., Widmer, B., Williams, Thomas N., Williamson, R., Michael, Wilson, Winzer, T., Withers, D., Wordsworth, P., Worthington, J., Wrigley, R., Xue, M., Young, A. H., Yuldasheva, N., and Zeggini, E.

Subjects
Linkage disequilibrium, Hemoglobin, Sickle, Population, Genome-wide association study, Locus (genetics), Biology, Population stratification, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, Linkage Disequilibrium, Article, Gene mapping, Reference Values, Ethnicity, Genetics, Humans, education, Genetic association, education.field_of_study, Polymorphism, Genetic, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Variation, Malaria, Gambia, Imputation (genetics), Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

We report a genome-wide association (GWA) study of severe malaria in The Gambia. The initial GWA scan included 2,500 children genotyped on the Affymetrix 500K GeneChip, and a replication study included 3,400 children. We used this to examine the performance of GWA methods in Africa. We found considerable population stratification, and also that signals of association at known malaria resistance loci were greatly attenuated owing to weak linkage disequilibrium (LD). To investigate possible solutions to the problem of low LD, we focused on the HbS locus, sequencing this region of the genome in 62 Gambian individuals and then using these data to conduct multipoint imputation in the GWA samples. This increased the signal of association, from P = 4 × 10(-7) to P = 4 × 10(-14), with the peak of the signal located precisely at the HbS causal variant. Our findings provide proof of principle that fine-resolution multipoint imputation, based on population-specific sequencing data, can substantially boost authentic GWA signals and enable fine mapping of causal variants in African populations.

Published
2009

32. Hypothesis-based analysis of gene-gene interactions and risk of myocardial infarction

Author

Lucas G1, Lluís-Ganella C, Subirana I, Musameh MD, Gonzalez JR, Nelson CP, Sentí M, Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Schwartz SM, Siscovick D, O'Donnell CJ, Melander O, Salomaa V, Purcell S, Altshuler D, Samani NJ, Kathiresan S, Elosua R, Voight BF, Musunuru K, Ardissino D, Mannucci PM, Anand S, Engert JC, Schunkert H, Erdmann J, Reilly MP, Rader DJ, Morgan T, Spertus JA, Stoll M, Girelli D, McKeown PP, Patterson CC, Siscovick DS, Peltonen L, Merlini PA, Berzuini C, Bernardinelli L, Peyvandi F, Tubaro M, Celli P, Ferrario M, Fetiveau R, Marziliano N, Casari G, Galli M, Ribichini F, Rossi M, Bernardi F, Zonzin P, Piazza A, Yee J, Friedlander Y, Marrugat J, Lucas G, Sala J, Ramos R, Meigs JB, Williams G, Nathan DM, MacRae CA, Havulinna AS, Berglund G, Deloukas P, Donnelly P, Farrall M, Gough SC, Hall AS, Hattersley AT, Hill AV, Kwiatkowski DP, Mathew CG, McCarthy MI, Ouwehand WH, Parkes M, Pembrey M, Rahman N, Stratton MR, Todd JA, Worthington J, Burton PR, Clayton DG, Cardon LR, Craddock N, Duncanson A, Barrett JC, Davison D, Easton D, Evans D, Leung HT, Marchini JL, Morris AP, Spencer CC, Tobin MD, Attwood AP, Boorman JP, Cant B, Everson U, Hussey JM, Jolley JD, Knight AS, Koch K, Meech E, Nutland S, Prowse CV, Stevens HE, Taylor NC, Walters GR, Walker NM, Watkins NA, Winzer T, Jones RW, McArdle WL, Ring SM, Strachan DP, Ball SG, Balmforth AJ, Barrett JH, Bishop D, Iles MM, Maqbool A, Braund PS, Dixon RJ, Mangino M, Stevens S, Thompson JR, Bumpstead SJ, Chaney A, Downes K, Ghori MJ, Gwilliam R, Hunt SE, Inouye M, Keniry A, King E, McGinnis R, Potter S, Ravindrarajah R, Whittaker P, Widden C, Cardo LR, Cardin NJ, Ferreira T, Pereira-Gale J, Hallgrimsdottir IB, Howie BN, Su Z, Teo YY, Vukcevic D, Lucas, G1, Lluís-Ganella, C, Subirana, I, Musameh, Md, Gonzalez, Jr, Nelson, Cp, Sentí, M, Myocardial Infarction Genetics, Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case Control, Consortium, Schwartz, Sm, Siscovick, D, O'Donnell, Cj, Melander, O, Salomaa, V, Purcell, S, Altshuler, D, Samani, Nj, Kathiresan, S, Elosua, R, Voight, Bf, Musunuru, K, Ardissino, D, Mannucci, Pm, Anand, S, Engert, Jc, Schunkert, H, Erdmann, J, Reilly, Mp, Rader, Dj, Morgan, T, Spertus, Ja, Stoll, M, Girelli, D, Mckeown, Pp, Patterson, Cc, Peltonen, L, Merlini, Pa, Berzuini, C, Bernardinelli, L, Peyvandi, F, Tubaro, M, Celli, P, Ferrario, M, Fetiveau, R, Marziliano, N, Casari, G, Galli, M, Ribichini, F, Rossi, M, Bernardi, F, Zonzin, P, Piazza, A, Yee, J, Friedlander, Y, Marrugat, J, Lucas, G, Sala, J, Ramos, R, Meigs, Jb, Williams, G, Nathan, Dm, Macrae, Ca, Havulinna, A, Berglund, G, Deloukas, P, Donnelly, P, Farrall, M, Gough, Sc, Hall, A, Hattersley, At, Hill, Av, Kwiatkowski, Dp, Mathew, Cg, Mccarthy, Mi, Ouwehand, Wh, Parkes, M, Pembrey, M, Rahman, N, Stratton, Mr, Todd, Ja, Worthington, J, Burton, Pr, Clayton, Dg, Cardon, Lr, Craddock, N, Duncanson, A, Barrett, Jc, Davison, D, Easton, D, Evans, D, Leung, Ht, Marchini, Jl, Morris, Ap, Spencer, Cc, Tobin, Md, Attwood, Ap, Boorman, Jp, Cant, B, Everson, U, Hussey, Jm, Jolley, Jd, Knight, A, Koch, K, Meech, E, Nutland, S, Prowse, Cv, Stevens, He, Taylor, Nc, Walters, Gr, Walker, Nm, Watkins, Na, Winzer, T, Jones, Rw, Mcardle, Wl, Ring, Sm, Strachan, Dp, Ball, Sg, Balmforth, Aj, Barrett, Jh, Bishop, D, Iles, Mm, Maqbool, A, Braund, P, Dixon, Rj, Mangino, M, Stevens, S, Thompson, Jr, Bumpstead, Sj, Chaney, A, Downes, K, Ghori, Mj, Gwilliam, R, Hunt, Se, Inouye, M, Keniry, A, King, E, Mcginnis, R, Potter, S, Ravindrarajah, R, Whittaker, P, Widden, C, Cardo, Lr, Cardin, Nj, Ferreira, T, Pereira-Gale, J, Hallgrimsdottir, Ib, Howie, Bn, Su, Z, Teo, Yy, and Vukcevic, D

Subjects
Heredity, Epidemiology, Myocardial Infarction, lcsh:Medicine, Genome-wide association study, Coronary Artery Disease, Cardiovascular, Logistic regression, Risk Factors, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, lcsh:Science, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Medicine (all), 030305 genetics & heredity, Genomics, Genetic Epidemiology, Medicine, Research Article, Human, Risk, Genotype, Genotypes, Reproducibility of Result, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Genome Analysis Tools, Genome-Wide Association Studies, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk factor, Allele frequency, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Complex Traits, Risk Factor, lcsh:R, Reproducibility of Results, Human Genetics, Epistasis, Genetic, Odds ratio, Genetic epidemiology, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Genetics of Disease, Epistasis, Genetic Polymorphism, Infart de miocardi -- Epidemiologia, lcsh:Q, Population Genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

The genetic loci that have been found by genome-wide association studies to modulate risk of coronary heart disease explain only a fraction of its total variance, and gene-gene interactions have been proposed as a potential source of the remaining heritability. Given the potentially large testing burden, we sought to enrich our search space with real interactions by analyzing variants that may be more likely to interact on the basis of two distinct hypotheses: a biological hypothesis, under which MI risk is modulated by interactions between variants that are known to be relevant for its risk factors; and a statistical hypothesis, under which interacting variants individually show weak marginal association with MI. In a discovery sample of 2,967 cases of early-onset myocardial infarction (MI) and 3,075 controls from the MIGen study, we performed pair-wise SNP interaction testing using a logistic regression framework. Despite having reasonable power to detect interaction effects of plausible magnitudes, we observed no statistically significant evidence of interaction under these hypotheses, and no clear consistency between the top results in our discovery sample and those in a large validation sample of 1,766 cases of coronary heart disease and 2,938 controls from the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium. Our results do not support the existence of strong interaction effects as a common risk factor for MI. Within the scope of the hypotheses we have explored, this study places a modest upper limit on the magnitude that epistatic risk effects are likely to have at the population level (odds ratio for MI risk 1.3–2.0, depending on allele frequency and interaction model).

Published
2012

33. Identification of ADAMTS7 as a novel locus for coronary atherosclerosis and association of ABO with myocardial infarction in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis: two genome-wide association studies

Author

Reilly MP, Li M, He J, Ferguson JF, Stylianou IM, Mehta NN, Burnett MS, Devaney JM, Knouff CW, Thompson JR, Horne BD, Stewart AF, Assimes TL, Wild PS, Allayee H, Nitschke PL, Patel RS, Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Martinelli N, Girelli D, Quyyumi AA, Anderson JL, Erdmann J, Hall AS, Schunkert H, Quertermous T, Blankenberg S, Hazen SL, Roberts R, Kathiresan S, Samani NJ, Epstein SE, Rader DJ, Qasim AN, DerOhannessian SL, Qu L, Cappola TP, Chen Z, Matthai W, Hakonarson HH, Wilensky R, Kent KM, Lindsay JM, Pichard AD, Satler L, Waksman R, Knoupf CW, Walker MC, Waterworth DM, Mosser V, Braund PS, Wright B, Balmforth AJ, Ball SG, Chen L, Wells GA, McPherson R, Lackner K, Munzel TF, Schillert A, Schnabel R, Zeller T, Ziegler A, Absher D, Hlatky MA, Iribaren C, Knowles JW, Linsel Nitschke P, König IR, Hengstenberg C, Nahrstaedt J, Peters A, Schreiber S, Wichmann E, Willenborg C, Su S, Bouzyk M, Vaccarino V, Zafari AM, Carlquist JF, Muhlestein JB, Olivieri O, Barnard J, Hartiala J, Tang WH, Burton PR, Clayton DG, Cardon LR, Craddock N, Deloukas P, Duncanson A, Kwiatkowski DP, McCarthy MI, Ouwehand WH, Todd JA, Donnelly P, Barrett JC, Davison D, Easton D, Evans DM, Leung HT, Marchini JL, Morris AP, Spencer CC, Tobin MD, Attwood AP, Boorman JP, Cant B, Everson U, Hussey JM, Jolley JD, Knight AS, Koch K, Meech E, Nutland S, Prowse CV, Stevens HE, Taylor NC, Walters GR, Walker NM, Watkins NA, Winzer T, Jones RW, McArdle WL, Ring SM, Strachan DP, Pembrey M, Breen G, St Clair D, Caesar S, Gordon Smith K, Jones L, Fraser C, Green EK, Grozeva D, Hamshere ML, Holmans PA, Jones IR, Kirov G, Moskvina V, Nikolov I, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Collier DA, Elkin A, Farmer A, Williamson R, McGuffin P, Young AH, Ferrier IN, Barrett JH, Bishop DT, Iles MM, Maqbool A, Yuldasheva N, Dixon RJ, Mangino M, Stevens S, Bredin F, Tremelling M, Parkes M, Drummond H, Lees CW, Nimmo ER, Satsangi J, Fisher SA, Forbes A, Lewis CM, Onnie CM, Prescott NJ, Sanderson J, Mathew CG, Barbour J, Mohiuddin MK, Todhunter CE, Mansfield JC, Ahmad T, Cummings FR, Jewell DP, Webster J, Brown MJ, Lathrop M, Connell J, Dominiczak A, Marcano CA, Burke B, Dobson R, Gungadoo J, Lee KL, Munroe PB, Newhouse SJ, Onipinla A, Wallace C, Xue M, Caulfield M, Farrall M, Barton A, Bruce IN, Donovan H, Eyre S, Gilbert PD, Hider SL, Hinks AM, John SL, Potter C, Silman AJ, Symmons DP, Thomson W, Worthington J, Dunger DB, Widmer B, Frayling TM, Freathy RM, Lango H, Perry JR, Shields BM, Weedon MN, Hattersley AT, Hitman GA, Walker M, Elliott KS, Groves CJ, Lindgren CM, Rayner NW, Timpson NJ, Zeggini E, Newport M, Sirugo G, Lyons E, Vannberg F, Hill AV, Bradbury LA, Farrar C, Pointon JJ, Wordsworth P, Brown MA, Franklyn JA, Heward JM, Simmonds MJ, Gough SC, Seal S, Stratton MR, Rahman N, Ban M, Goris A, Sawcer SJ, Compston A, Conway D, Jallow M, Rockett KA, Bumpstead SJ, Chaney A, Downes K, Ghori MJ, Gwilliam R, Hunt SE, Inouye M, Keniry A, King E, McGinnis R, Potter S, Ravindrarajah R, Whittaker P, Widden C, Withers D, Cardin NJ, Ferreira T, Pereira Gale J, Hallgrimsdóttir IB, Bowie BN, Su Z, Teo YY, Vukcevic D, Bentley D, Meigs JB, Williams G, Nathan DM, MacRae CA, O'Donnell CJ, Ardissino D, Merlini PA, Berzuini C, Bernardinelli L, Peyvandi F, Tubaro M, Celli P, Ferrario M, Fetiveau R, Marziliano N, Galli M, Ribichini F, Rossi M, Bernardi F, Zonzin P, Piazza A, Mannucci PM, Schwartz SM, Siscovick DS, Yee J, Friedlander Y, Elosua R, Marrugat J, Lucas G, Subirana I, Sala J, Ramos R, Salomaa V, Havulinna AS, Peltonen L, Melander O, Berglund G, Voight BF, Hirschhorn JN, Asselta R, Duga S, Spreafico M, Musunuru K, Daly MJ, Purcell S, Surti A, Guiducci C, Gianniny L, Mirel D, Parkin M, Burtt N, Gabriel SB, CASARI , GIORGIO NEVIO, Reilly, Mp, Li, M, He, J, Ferguson, Jf, Stylianou, Im, Mehta, Nn, Burnett, M, Devaney, Jm, Knouff, Cw, Thompson, Jr, Horne, Bd, Stewart, Af, Assimes, Tl, Wild, P, Allayee, H, Nitschke, Pl, Patel, R, Myocardial Infarction Genetics, Consortium, Wellcome Trust Case Control, Consortium, Martinelli, N, Girelli, D, Quyyumi, Aa, Anderson, Jl, Erdmann, J, Hall, A, Schunkert, H, Quertermous, T, Blankenberg, S, Hazen, Sl, Roberts, R, Kathiresan, S, Samani, Nj, Epstein, Se, Rader, Dj, Qasim, An, Derohannessian, Sl, Qu, L, Cappola, Tp, Chen, Z, Matthai, W, Hakonarson, Hh, Wilensky, R, Kent, Km, Lindsay, Jm, Pichard, Ad, Satler, L, Waksman, R, Knoupf, Cw, Walker, Mc, Waterworth, Dm, Mosser, V, Braund, P, Wright, B, Balmforth, Aj, Ball, Sg, Chen, L, Wells, Ga, Mcpherson, R, Lackner, K, Munzel, Tf, Schillert, A, Schnabel, R, Zeller, T, Ziegler, A, Absher, D, Hlatky, Ma, Iribaren, C, Knowles, Jw, Linsel Nitschke, P, König, Ir, Hengstenberg, C, Nahrstaedt, J, Peters, A, Schreiber, S, Wichmann, E, Willenborg, C, Su, S, Bouzyk, M, Vaccarino, V, Zafari, Am, Carlquist, Jf, Muhlestein, Jb, Olivieri, O, Barnard, J, Hartiala, J, Tang, Wh, Burton, Pr, Clayton, Dg, Cardon, Lr, Craddock, N, Deloukas, P, Duncanson, A, Kwiatkowski, Dp, Mccarthy, Mi, Ouwehand, Wh, Todd, Ja, Donnelly, P, Barrett, Jc, Davison, D, Easton, D, Evans, Dm, Leung, Ht, Marchini, Jl, Morris, Ap, Spencer, Cc, Tobin, Md, Attwood, Ap, Boorman, Jp, Cant, B, Everson, U, Hussey, Jm, Jolley, Jd, Knight, A, Koch, K, Meech, E, Nutland, S, Prowse, Cv, Stevens, He, Taylor, Nc, Walters, Gr, Walker, Nm, Watkins, Na, Winzer, T, Jones, Rw, Mcardle, Wl, Ring, Sm, Strachan, Dp, Pembrey, M, Breen, G, St Clair, D, Caesar, S, Gordon Smith, K, Jones, L, Fraser, C, Green, Ek, Grozeva, D, Hamshere, Ml, Holmans, Pa, Jones, Ir, Kirov, G, Moskvina, V, Nikolov, I, O'Donovan, Mc, Owen, Mj, Collier, Da, Elkin, A, Farmer, A, Williamson, R, Mcguffin, P, Young, Ah, Ferrier, In, Barrett, Jh, Bishop, Dt, Iles, Mm, Maqbool, A, Yuldasheva, N, Dixon, Rj, Mangino, M, Stevens, S, Bredin, F, Tremelling, M, Parkes, M, Drummond, H, Lees, Cw, Nimmo, Er, Satsangi, J, Fisher, Sa, Forbes, A, Lewis, Cm, Onnie, Cm, Prescott, Nj, Sanderson, J, Mathew, Cg, Barbour, J, Mohiuddin, Mk, Todhunter, Ce, Mansfield, Jc, Ahmad, T, Cummings, Fr, Jewell, Dp, Webster, J, Brown, Mj, Lathrop, M, Connell, J, Dominiczak, A, Marcano, Ca, Burke, B, Dobson, R, Gungadoo, J, Lee, Kl, Munroe, Pb, Newhouse, Sj, Onipinla, A, Wallace, C, Xue, M, Caulfield, M, Farrall, M, Barton, A, Bruce, In, Donovan, H, Eyre, S, Gilbert, Pd, Hider, Sl, Hinks, Am, John, Sl, Potter, C, Silman, Aj, Symmons, Dp, Thomson, W, Worthington, J, Dunger, Db, Widmer, B, Frayling, Tm, Freathy, Rm, Lango, H, Perry, Jr, Shields, Bm, Weedon, Mn, Hattersley, At, Hitman, Ga, Walker, M, Elliott, K, Groves, Cj, Lindgren, Cm, Rayner, Nw, Timpson, Nj, Zeggini, E, Newport, M, Sirugo, G, Lyons, E, Vannberg, F, Hill, Av, Bradbury, La, Farrar, C, Pointon, Jj, Wordsworth, P, Brown, Ma, Franklyn, Ja, Heward, Jm, Simmonds, Mj, Gough, Sc, Seal, S, Stratton, Mr, Rahman, N, Ban, M, Goris, A, Sawcer, Sj, Compston, A, Conway, D, Jallow, M, Rockett, Ka, Bumpstead, Sj, Chaney, A, Downes, K, Ghori, Mj, Gwilliam, R, Hunt, Se, Inouye, M, Keniry, A, King, E, Mcginnis, R, Potter, S, Ravindrarajah, R, Whittaker, P, Widden, C, Withers, D, Cardin, Nj, Ferreira, T, Pereira Gale, J, Hallgrimsdóttir, Ib, Bowie, Bn, Su, Z, Teo, Yy, Vukcevic, D, Bentley, D, Meigs, Jb, Williams, G, Nathan, Dm, Macrae, Ca, O'Donnell, Cj, Ardissino, D, Merlini, Pa, Berzuini, C, Bernardinelli, L, Peyvandi, F, Tubaro, M, Celli, P, Ferrario, M, Fetiveau, R, Marziliano, N, Casari, GIORGIO NEVIO, Galli, M, Ribichini, F, Rossi, M, Bernardi, F, Zonzin, P, Piazza, A, Mannucci, Pm, Schwartz, Sm, Siscovick, D, Yee, J, Friedlander, Y, Elosua, R, Marrugat, J, Lucas, G, Subirana, I, Sala, J, Ramos, R, Salomaa, V, Havulinna, A, Peltonen, L, Melander, O, Berglund, G, Voight, Bf, Hirschhorn, Jn, Asselta, R, Duga, S, Spreafico, M, Musunuru, K, Daly, Mj, Purcell, S, Surti, A, Guiducci, C, Gianniny, L, Mirel, D, Parkin, M, Burtt, N, and Gabriel, Sb

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Linkage disequilibrium, ABO, ADAMTS7 Protein, ADAMTS7, Genome-wide association study, Coronary Angiography, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, ABO Blood-Group System, Coronary artery disease, Gene Frequency, ABO blood group system, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, Genetic risk factor, genetic locus, Coronary atherosclerosis, Aged, business.industry, coronary atherosclerosis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, ADAM Proteins, myocardial infarction, Genetic Loci, Cardiology, Myocardial infarction complications, Female, business, coronary artery disease, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

BACKGROUND: We tested whether genetic factors distinctly contribute to either development of coronary atherosclerosis or, specifically, to myocardial infarction in existing coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: We did two genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with coronary angiographic phenotyping in participants of European ancestry. To identify loci that predispose to angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD), we compared individuals who had this disorder (n=12,393) with those who did not (controls, n=7383). To identify loci that predispose to myocardial infarction, we compared patients who had angiographic CAD and myocardial infarction (n=5783) with those who had angiographic CAD but no myocardial infarction (n=3644). FINDINGS: In the comparison of patients with angiographic CAD versus controls, we identified a novel locus, ADAMTS7 (p=4·98×10(-13)). In the comparison of patients with angiographic CAD who had myocardial infarction versus those with angiographic CAD but no myocardial infarction, we identified a novel association at the ABO locus (p=7·62×10(-9)). The ABO association was attributable to the glycotransferase-deficient enzyme that encodes the ABO blood group O phenotype previously proposed to protect against myocardial infarction. INTERPRETATION: Our findings indicate that specific genetic predispositions promote the development of coronary atherosclerosis whereas others lead to myocardial infarction in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis. The relation to specific CAD phenotypes might modify how novel loci are applied in personalised risk assessment and used in the development of novel therapies for CAD. FUNDING: The PennCath and MedStar studies were supported by the Cardiovascular Institute of the University of Pennsylvania, by the MedStar Health Research Institute at Washington Hospital Center and by a research grant from GlaxoSmithKline. The funding and support for the other cohorts contributing to the paper are described in the webappendix.

Published
2011

35. The <math alttext='$V$'> <mi>V</mi> </math>-transform: A tool for analysis of control systems robustness with respect to disturbance model uncertainty

Author

Davison D. E., Kabamba P. T., and Meerkov S. M.

Subjects
lcsh:TA1-2040, Control system, Disturbance rejection, Performance limitation, Robustness analysis, Uncertainty, Variance, lcsh:Mathematics, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:QA1-939, Computer Science::Digital Libraries
Abstract

This work is motivated by the need forr tools for the analysis of disturbance model uncertainty in feedback control systems. Such tools are developed in this paper for the case where the disturbance is modeled as the output of a first-order filter which is driven by white noise and whose bandwidth, ω d , and gain, K , are uncertain. An analytical expression for the steady-state output variance as a function of ω d is derived: This function is referred to as a V -transform, and is denoted by V ( G ) ( ω d ) , where G ( s ) is the closed-loop transfer function from disturbance to output. Properties of V -transforms are investigated and the notions of disturbance gain margin and disturbance bandwidth margin, both measures of robustness with respect to disturbance model uncertainty, are introduced. Using these new tools, it is shown that there is a fundamental robustness performance limitation if the plant has nonminimum-phase zeros, but no such limitation in the minimum-phase case.

Published
1997

36. Brute force estimation of the number of human genes using EST clustering as a measure

Author

Davison, D. B. and Burke, J. F.

Subjects
Computation laboratories -- Research, Human genetics -- Research, Genetic transcription -- Measurement
Abstract

A current question of considerable interest to both the medical and nonmedical communities concerns the number of human transcription units (which, for the purposes of this paper, are "genes") and proteins. Even with the recent announcement of the completion of the draft sequence of the human genome, it is still extremely difficult to predict the number of genes present in the genome. There are several methods for gene prediction, all involving computational tools. One way to approach this question, involving both computation and experiment, is to look at copies of fragments of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) called expressed sequence tags (ESTs). The mRNA comes only from a gene being expressed, or translated, into RNA; by clustering mRNA fragments, we can try to reconstruct the expressed gene. While the final result is a very rough representation of the "true expressed transcript," it is probably within 20% of the real number. Here, we review the issues involved in EST clustering and present an estimate of the total number of human genes. Our results to date indicate that there are some 70000 transcription units, with an average of 1.2 different transcripts per transcription unit. Thus, we estimate the total number of human proteins to be at least 85 000. The total number of proteins will be higher because of post-translational modification.

Published
2001

40. Genome-wide association study of ulcerative colitis identifies three new susceptibility loci, including the HNF4A region

Author

Barrett, JC, Lee, JC, Lees, CW, Prescott, NJ, Anderson, CA, Phillips, A, Wesley, E, Parnell, K, Zhang, H, Drummond, H, Nimmo, ER, Massey, D, Blaszczyk, K, Elliott, T, Cotterill, L, Dallal, H, Lobo, AJ, Mowat, C, Sanderson, JD, Jewell, DP, Newman, WG, Edwards, C, Ahmad, T, Mansfield, JC, Satsangi, J, Parkes, M, Mathew, CG, Donnelly, P, Peltonen, L, Blackwell, JM, Bramon, E, Brown, MA, Casas, JP, Corvin, A, Craddock, N, Deloukas, P, Duncanson, A, Jankowski, J, Markus, HS, McCarthy, MI, Palmer, CN, Plomin, R, Rautanen, A, Sawcer, SJ, Samani, N, Trembath, RC, Viswanathan, AC, Wood, N, Spencer, CC, Bellenguez, C, Davison, D, Freeman, C, Strange, A, Langford, C, Hunt, SE, Edkins, S, Gwilliam, R, Blackburn, H, Bumpstead, SJ, Dronov, S, Gillman, M, Gray, E, Hammond, N, Jayakumar, A, McCann, OT, Liddle, J, Perez, ML, Potter, SC, Ravindrarajah, R, Ricketts, M, Waller, M, Weston, P, Widaa, S, Whittaker, P, Attwood, AP, Stephens, J, Sambrook, J, Ouwehand, WH, McArdle, WL, Ring, SM, and Strachan, DP

Subjects
Candidate gene, Colorectal cancer, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20, Genome-wide association study, Biology, medicine.disease, Cadherins, Inflammatory bowel disease, Ulcerative colitis, Article, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4, Antigens, CD, Case-Control Studies, Immunology, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Genetics, Humans, Colitis, Ulcerative, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Laminin, Colitis, Genetic association, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is a common form of inflammatory bowel disease with a complex etiology. As part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2, we performed a genome-wide association scan for ulcerative colitis in 2,361 cases and 5,417 controls. Loci showing evidence of association at P < 1 x 10(-5) were followed up by genotyping in an independent set of 2,321 cases and 4,818 controls. We find genome-wide significant evidence of association at three new loci, each containing at least one biologically relevant candidate gene, on chromosomes 20q13 (HNF4A; P = 3.2 x 10(-17)), 16q22 (CDH1 and CDH3; P = 2.8 x 10(-8)) and 7q31 (LAMB1; P = 3.0 x 10(-8)). Of note, CDH1 has recently been associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer, an established complication of longstanding ulcerative colitis. The new associations suggest that changes in the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier may contribute to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.

Published
2009

44. Admiralty.

Author

Davison, D. D'lyn

Subjects
Wrongful death -- Surveys, Liability for marine accidents -- Surveys, Maritime law -- Surveys, Ivy v. Security Barge Lines (606 F.2d 524 (5th Cir. 1979)), Longmire v. Sea Drilling Corp. (610 F.2d 1342 (5th Cir. 1980)), M.O.N.T. Boat Rental Services v. Union Oil Co. (613 F.2d 576 (5th Cir. 1980)), Atlantic & Gulf Stevedores v. M-V Grand Loyalty (608 F.2d 197 (5th Cir. 1979)), Merchant Marine Act of 1920, Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1953
Published
1981

45. People of the British Isles: preliminary analysis of genotypes and surnames in a UK-control population

Author

Winney, B, Boumertit, A, Day, T, Davison, D, Echeta, C, Evseeva, I, Hutnik, K, Leslie, S, Nicodemus, K, Royrvik, EC, Tonks, S, Yang, X, Cheshire, J, Longley, P, Mateos, P, Groom, A, Relton, C, Bishop, DT, Black, K, Northwood, E, Parkinson, L, Frayling, TM, Steele, A, Sampson, JR, King, T, Dixon, R, Middleton, D, Jennings, B, Bowden, R, Donnelly, P, Bodmer, W, Winney, B, Boumertit, A, Day, T, Davison, D, Echeta, C, Evseeva, I, Hutnik, K, Leslie, S, Nicodemus, K, Royrvik, EC, Tonks, S, Yang, X, Cheshire, J, Longley, P, Mateos, P, Groom, A, Relton, C, Bishop, DT, Black, K, Northwood, E, Parkinson, L, Frayling, TM, Steele, A, Sampson, JR, King, T, Dixon, R, Middleton, D, Jennings, B, Bowden, R, Donnelly, P, and Bodmer, W

Abstract

There is a great deal of interest in a fine-scale population structure in the UK, both as a signature of historical immigration events and because of the effect population structure may have on disease association studies. Although population structure appears to have a minor impact on the current generation of genome-wide association studies, it is likely to have a significant part in the next generation of studies designed to search for rare variants. A powerful way of detecting such structure is to control and document carefully the provenance of the samples involved. In this study, we describe the collection of a cohort of rural UK samples (The People of the British Isles), aimed at providing a well-characterised UK-control population that can be used as a resource by the research community, as well as providing a fine-scale genetic information on the British population. So far, some 4000 samples have been collected, the majority of which fit the criteria of coming from a rural area and having all four grandparents from approximately the same area. Analysis of the first 3865 samples that have been geocoded indicates that 75% have a mean distance between grandparental places of birth of 37.3 km, and that about 70% of grandparental places of birth can be classed as rural. Preliminary genotyping of 1057 samples demonstrates the value of these samples for investigating a fine-scale population structure within the UK, and shows how this can be enhanced by the use of surnames.

Published
2012

46. Effect of timing of a deficit-irrigation allocation on corn evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency and dry mass

Author

Payero, J.O., Tarkalson, D.D., Irmak, S., Davison, D., Petersen, J.L., Payero, J.O., Tarkalson, D.D., Irmak, S., Davison, D., and Petersen, J.L.

Abstract

Water regulations have decreased irrigation water supplies in Nebraska and some other areas of the USA Great Plains. When available water is not enough to meet crop water requirements during the entire growing cycle, it becomes critical to know the proper irrigation timing that would maximize yields and profits. This study evaluated the effect of timing of a deficit-irrigation allocation (150 mm) on crop evapotranspiration (ETc), yield, water use efficiency (WUE = yield/ETc), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE = yield/irrigation), and dry mass (DM) of corn (Zea mays L.) irrigated with subsurface drip irrigation in the semiarid climate of North Platte, NE. During 2005 and 2006, a total of sixteen irrigation treatments (eight each year) were evaluated, which received different percentages of the water allocation during July, August, and September. During both years, all treatments resulted in no crop stress during the vegetative period and stress during the reproductive stages, which affected ETc, DM, yield, WUE and IWUE. Among treatments, ETc varied by 7.2 and 18.8%; yield by 17 and 33%; WUE by 12 and 22%, and IWUE by 18 and 33% in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Yield and WUE both increased linearly with ETc and with ETc/ETp (ETp = seasonal ETc with no water stress), and WUE increased linearly with yield. The yield response factor (ky) averaged 1.50 over the two seasons. Irrigation timing affected the DM of the plant, grain, and cob, but not that of the stover. It also affected the percent of DM partitioned to the grain (harvest index), which increased linearly with ETc and averaged 56.2% over the two seasons, but did not affect the percent allocated to the cob or stover. Irrigation applied in July had the highest positive coefficient of determination (R2) with yield. This high positive correlation decreased considerably for irrigation applied in August, and became negative for irrigation applied in September. The best positive correlation between the soil water def

Published
2009

47. Effect of irrigation amounts applied with subsurface drip irrigation on corn evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency, and dry matter production in a semiarid climate

Author

Payero, J.O., Tarkalson, D.D., Irmak, S., Davison, D., Petersen, J.L., Payero, J.O., Tarkalson, D.D., Irmak, S., Davison, D., and Petersen, J.L.

Abstract

Quantifying the local crop response to irrigation is important for establishing adequate irrigation management strategies. This study evaluated the effect of irrigation applied with subsurface drip irrigation on field corn (Zea mays L.) evapotranspiration (ETc), yield, water use efficiencies (WUE = yield/ETc, and IWUE = yield/irrigation), and dry matter production in the semiarid climate of west central Nebraska. Eight treatments were imposed with irrigation amounts ranging from 53 to 356 mm in 2005 and from 22 to 226 mm in 2006. A soil water balance approach (based on FAO-56) was used to estimate daily soil water and ETc. Treatments resulted in seasonal ETc of 580-663 mm and 466-656 mm in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Yields among treatments differed by as much as 22% in 2005 and 52% in 2006. In both seasons, irrigation significantly affected yields, which increased with irrigation up to a point where irrigation became excessive. Distinct relationships were obtained each season. Yields increased linearly with seasonal ETc (R 2 = 0.89) and ETc/ETp (R 2 = 0.87) (ETp = ETc with no water stress). The yield response factor (ky), which indicates the relative reduction in yield to relative reduction in ETc, averaged 1.58 over the two seasons. WUE increased non-linearly with seasonal ETc and with yield. WUE was more sensitive to irrigation during the drier 2006 season, compared with 2005. Both seasons, IWUE decreased sharply with irrigation. Irrigation significantly affected dry matter production and partitioning into the different plant components (grain, cob, and stover). On average, the grain accounted for the majority of the above-ground plant dry mass (≈59%), followed by the stover (≈33%) and the cob (≈8%). The dry mass of the plant and that of each plant component tended to increase with seasonal ETc. The good relationships obtained in the study between crop performance indicators and seasonal ETc demonstrate that accurate estimates of ETc on a daily and seasonal basi

Published
2008

50. METAFEX: safe, energetic explosive replacements.

Author

Davison D., Explosives and blasting technique Dallas, USA 29-Jan-0601-Feb-06, Davison D., and Explosives and blasting technique Dallas, USA 29-Jan-0601-Feb-06

Abstract

Details are given of the Metafex technology which involves metal/oxidant (polymer) reactions. Metafex is activated by an electrical pulse a moment before use and is an inert material that is more energetic than explosives. Test results are presented for a Metafex configuration called a flat pack that operates at a voltage of about 20 kV. Potential uses include demolition, mining, pyrotechnic and oilfield operations., Details are given of the Metafex technology which involves metal/oxidant (polymer) reactions. Metafex is activated by an electrical pulse a moment before use and is an inert material that is more energetic than explosives. Test results are presented for a Metafex configuration called a flat pack that operates at a voltage of about 20 kV. Potential uses include demolition, mining, pyrotechnic and oilfield operations.

Published
2006

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