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1. Josephson-like tunnel resonance and large Coulomb drag in GaAs-based electron-hole bilayers

Author

Davis, M. L., Parolo, S., Reichl, C., Dietsche, W., and Wegscheider, W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Bilayers consisting of two-dimensional (2D) electron and hole gases separated by a 10 nm thick AlGaAs barrier are formed by charge accumulation in epitaxially grown GaAs. Both vertical and lateral electric transport are measured in the millikelvin temperature range. The conductivity between the layers shows a sharp tunnel resonance at a density of $1.1 \cdot 10^{10} \text{ cm}^{-2}$, which is consistent with a Josephson-like enhanced tunnel conductance. The tunnel resonance disappears with increasing densities and the two 2D charge gases start to show 2D-Fermi-gas behavior. Interlayer interactions persist causing a positive drag voltage that is very large at small densities. The transition from the Josephson-like tunnel resonance to the Fermi-gas behavior is interpreted as a phase transition from an exciton gas in the Bose-Einstein-condensate state to a degenerate electron-hole Fermi gas., Comment: Updated after reviewer comments

Published
2023
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6. <scp>SNAPSHOT USA</scp> 2020: A second coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States during the <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 pandemic

Author

Kays R., Cove M. V., Diaz J., Todd K., Bresnan C., Snider M., Lee T. E., Jasper J. G., Douglas B., Crupi A. P., Weiss K. C. B., Rowe H., Sprague T., Schipper J., Lepczyk C. A., Fantle-Lepczyk J. E., Davenport J., Zimova M., Farris Z., Williamson J., Fisher-Reid M. C., Rezendes D., King S. M., Chrysafis P., Jensen A. J., Jachowski D. S., King K. C., Herrera D. J., Moore S., van der Merwe M., Lombardi J. V., Sergeyev M., Tewes M. E., Horan R. V., Rentz M. S., Driver A., Brandt L. R. S. E., Nagy C., Alexander P., Maher S. P., Darracq A. K., Barr E. G., Hess G., Webb S. L., Proctor M. D., Vanek J. P., Lafferty D. J. R., Hubbard T., Jimenez J. E., McCain C., Favreau J., Fogarty J., Hill J., Hammerich S., Gray M., Rega-Brodsky C. C., Durbin C., Flaherty E. A., Brooke J., Coster S. S., Lathrop R. G., Russell K., Bogan D. A., Shamon H., Rooney B., Rockhill A., Lonsinger R. C., O'Mara M. T., Compton J. A., Barthelmess E. L., Andy K. E., Belant J. L., Petroelje T., Wehr N. H., Beyer D. E., Scognamillo D. G., Schalk C., Day K., Ellison C. N., Ruthven C., Nunley B., Fritts S., Whittier C. A., Neiswenter S. A., Pelletier R., DeGregorio B. A., Kuprewicz E. K., Davis M. L., Baruzzi C., Lashley M. A., McDonald B., Mason D., Risch D. R., Allen M. L., Whipple L. S., Sperry J. H., Alexander E., Wolff P. J., Hagen R. H., Mortelliti A., Bolinjcar A., Wilson A. M., Van Norman S., Powell C., Coletto H., Schauss M., Bontrager H., Beasley J., Ellis-Felege S. N., Wehr S. R., Giery S. T., Pekins C. E., LaRose S. H., Revord R. S., Hansen C. P., Hansen L., Millspaugh J. J., Zorn A., Gerber B. D., Rezendes K., Adley J., Sevin J., Green A. M., Sekercioglu C. H., Pendergast M. E., Mullen K., Bird T., Edelman A. J., Romero A., O'Neill B. J., Schmitz N., Vandermus R. A., Alston J. M., Kuhn K. M., Hasstedt S. C., Lesmeister D. B., Appel C. L., Rota C., Stenglein J. L., Anhalt-Depies C., Nelson C. L., Long R. A., Remine K. R., Jordan M. J., Elbroch L. M., Bergman D., Cendejas-Zarelli S., Sager-Fradkin K., Conner M., Morris G., Parsons E., Hernandez-Yanez H., McShea W. J., Kays, R., Cove, M. V., Diaz, J., Todd, K., Bresnan, C., Snider, M., Lee, T. E., Jasper, J. G., Douglas, B., Crupi, A. P., Weiss, K. C. B., Rowe, H., Sprague, T., Schipper, J., Lepczyk, C. A., Fantle-Lepczyk, J. E., Davenport, J., Zimova, M., Farris, Z., Williamson, J., Fisher-Reid, M. C., Rezendes, D., King, S. M., Chrysafis, P., Jensen, A. J., Jachowski, D. S., King, K. C., Herrera, D. J., Moore, S., van der Merwe, M., Lombardi, J. V., Sergeyev, M., Tewes, M. E., Horan, R. V., Rentz, M. S., Driver, A., Brandt, L. R. S. E., Nagy, C., Alexander, P., Maher, S. P., Darracq, A. K., Barr, E. G., Hess, G., Webb, S. L., Proctor, M. D., Vanek, J. P., Lafferty, D. J. R., Hubbard, T., Jimenez, J. E., Mccain, C., Favreau, J., Fogarty, J., Hill, J., Hammerich, S., Gray, M., Rega-Brodsky, C. C., Durbin, C., Flaherty, E. A., Brooke, J., Coster, S. S., Lathrop, R. G., Russell, K., Bogan, D. A., Shamon, H., Rooney, B., Rockhill, A., Lonsinger, R. C., O'Mara, M. T., Compton, J. A., Barthelmess, E. L., Andy, K. E., Belant, J. L., Petroelje, T., Wehr, N. H., Beyer, D. E., Scognamillo, D. G., Schalk, C., Day, K., Ellison, C. N., Ruthven, C., Nunley, B., Fritts, S., Whittier, C. A., Neiswenter, S. A., Pelletier, R., Degregorio, B. A., Kuprewicz, E. K., Davis, M. L., Baruzzi, C., Lashley, M. A., Mcdonald, B., Mason, D., Risch, D. R., Allen, M. L., Whipple, L. S., Sperry, J. H., Alexander, E., Wolff, P. J., Hagen, R. H., Mortelliti, A., Bolinjcar, A., Wilson, A. M., Van Norman, S., Powell, C., Coletto, H., Schauss, M., Bontrager, H., Beasley, J., Ellis-Felege, S. N., Wehr, S. R., Giery, S. T., Pekins, C. E., Larose, S. H., Revord, R. S., Hansen, C. P., Hansen, L., Millspaugh, J. J., Zorn, A., Gerber, B. D., Rezendes, K., Adley, J., Sevin, J., Green, A. M., Sekercioglu, C. H., Pendergast, M. E., Mullen, K., Bird, T., Edelman, A. J., Romero, A., O'Neill, B. J., Schmitz, N., Vandermus, R. A., Alston, J. M., Kuhn, K. M., Hasstedt, S. C., Lesmeister, D. B., Appel, C. L., Rota, C., Stenglein, J. L., Anhalt-Depies, C., Nelson, C. L., Long, R. A., Remine, K. R., Jordan, M. J., Elbroch, L. M., Bergman, D., Cendejas-Zarelli, S., Sager-Fradkin, K., Conner, M., Morris, G., Parsons, E., Hernandez-Yanez, H., and Mcshea, W. J.

Subjects
United State, Carnivora, Wild, mammal, Animals, Wild, Didelphimorphia, species distribution modeling, Birds, Bird, camera traps, biodiversity, biogeography, Cetartiodactyla, Lagomorpha, mammals, occupancy modeling, Animals, Humans, Mammals, Pandemics, United States, COVID-19, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Pandemic, camera trap, Animal, Human
Abstract

Managing wildlife populations in the face of global change requires regular data on the abundance and distribution of wild animals, but acquiring these over appropriate spatial scales in a sustainable way has proven challenging. Here we present the data from Snapshot USA 2020, a second annual national mammal survey of the USA. This project involved 152 scientists setting camera traps in a standardized protocol at 1485 locations across 103 arrays in 43 states for a total of 52,710 trap-nights of survey effort. Most (58) of these arrays were also sampled during the same months (September and October) in 2019, providing a direct comparison of animal populations in 2 years that includes data from both during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. All data were managed by the eMammal system, with all species identifications checked by at least two reviewers. In total, we recorded 117,415 detections of 78 species of wild mammals, 9236 detections of at least 43 species of birds, 15,851 detections of six domestic animals and 23,825 detections of humans or their vehicles. Spatial differences across arrays explained more variation in the relative abundance than temporal variation across years for all 38 species modeled, although there are examples of significant site-level differences among years for many species. Temporal results show how species allocate their time and can be used to study species interactions, including between humans and wildlife. These data provide a snapshot of the mammal community of the USA for 2020 and will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, and the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. There are no copyright restrictions, and please cite this paper when using these data, or a subset of these data, for publication.

Published
2022
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9. Efficacy of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Author

Gu, J., primary, Miller, C. B., additional, Henry, A. L., additional, Espie, C. A., additional, Davis, M. L., additional, Stott, R., additional, Emsley, R., additional, Smits, J. A. J., additional, Craske, M., additional, Saunders, K. E. A., additional, Goodwin, G., additional, and Carl, J. R., additional

Published
2020
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14. Fishery Bulletin

Author

Davis, M. L., Berkson, James M., Fish and Wildlife Conservation, and Virginia Tech

Subjects
catches, fishery, southeastern united-states, snapper, fisheries, population, reef, north-carolina, south-carolina
Abstract

Much of the information available on the population status of a harvested fish species is obtained from landings data. When fishing restrictions are in place, fishery-dependent data are reduced and assessments rely more heavily on fishery-independent data. Stock assessments of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) have shown a declining population and have led to a number of management measures, including a moratorium on fishing this species. To investigate how a lack of fishery-dependent data during a moratorium would affect stock assessment results for red porgy, we conducted simulations representing a range of periods of moratorium. As data were removed from the model, stock status indicators and projections became increasingly variable. Projections estimated that a 12-year moratorium would be needed for stock rebuilding, but simulations showed that uncertainty surrounding stock assessment estimates would increase after three years without fishery-dependent data. Unless additional data are collected during periods of strict fishing regulations, it may be difficult to accurately assess the length of time needed for the stock to rebuild and to assess the population status. South Atlantic Fishery Management Council

Published
2006

17. A production modeling approach to the assessment of the horseshoe crab (Limulds polyphemus) population in Delaware Bay

Author

Davis, M. L., Berkson, J., Kelly, Marcella J., Davis, M. L., Berkson, J., and Kelly, Marcella J.

Abstract

Horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) is harvested commercially, used by the biomedical industry, and provides food for migrating shorebirds, particularly in Delaware Bay. Recently, decreasing crab population trends in this region have raised concerns that the stock may be insufficient to fulfill the needs of these diverse user groups. To assess the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab population, we used surplus production models (programmed in ASPIC), which incorporated data from fishery-independent surveys, fishery-dependent catch-per-unit-of-effort data, and regional harvest. Results showed a depleted population (B-2003/B-MSY=0.03-0.71) and high relative fishing mortality (F-2002/F-MSY=0.9-9.5). Future harvest strategies for a 15-year period were evaluated by using population projections with ASPICP software. Under 2003 harvest levels (1356 t), population recovery to B-MSY would take at least four years, and four of the seven models predicted that the population would not reach B-MSY within the 15-year period. Production models for horseshoe crab assessment provided management benchmarks for a species with limited data and no prior stock assessment.

Published
2006

18. Effects of a simulated fishing moratorium on the stock assessment of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus)

Author

Davis, M. L., Berkson, James M., Davis, M. L., and Berkson, James M.

Abstract

Much of the information available on the population status of a harvested fish species is obtained from landings data. When fishing restrictions are in place, fishery-dependent data are reduced and assessments rely more heavily on fishery-independent data. Stock assessments of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) have shown a declining population and have led to a number of management measures, including a moratorium on fishing this species. To investigate how a lack of fishery-dependent data during a moratorium would affect stock assessment results for red porgy, we conducted simulations representing a range of periods of moratorium. As data were removed from the model, stock status indicators and projections became increasingly variable. Projections estimated that a 12-year moratorium would be needed for stock rebuilding, but simulations showed that uncertainty surrounding stock assessment estimates would increase after three years without fishery-dependent data. Unless additional data are collected during periods of strict fishing regulations, it may be difficult to accurately assess the length of time needed for the stock to rebuild and to assess the population status.

Published
2006

19. Effects of a simulated fishing moratorium on the stock assessment of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus)

Author

Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Davis, M. L., Berkson, James M., Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Davis, M. L., and Berkson, James M.

Abstract

Much of the information available on the population status of a harvested fish species is obtained from landings data. When fishing restrictions are in place, fishery-dependent data are reduced and assessments rely more heavily on fishery-independent data. Stock assessments of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) have shown a declining population and have led to a number of management measures, including a moratorium on fishing this species. To investigate how a lack of fishery-dependent data during a moratorium would affect stock assessment results for red porgy, we conducted simulations representing a range of periods of moratorium. As data were removed from the model, stock status indicators and projections became increasingly variable. Projections estimated that a 12-year moratorium would be needed for stock rebuilding, but simulations showed that uncertainty surrounding stock assessment estimates would increase after three years without fishery-dependent data. Unless additional data are collected during periods of strict fishing regulations, it may be difficult to accurately assess the length of time needed for the stock to rebuild and to assess the population status.

Published
2006

20. A production modeling approach to the assessment of the horseshoe crab (Limulds polyphemus) population in Delaware Bay

Author

Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Davis, M. L., Berkson, James M., Kelly, Marcella J., Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Davis, M. L., Berkson, James M., and Kelly, Marcella J.

Abstract

Horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) is harvested commercially, used by the biomedical industry, and provides food for migrating shorebirds, particularly in Delaware Bay. Recently, decreasing crab population trends in this region have raised concerns that the stock may be insufficient to fulfill the needs of these diverse user groups. To assess the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab population, we used surplus production models (programmed in ASPIC), which incorporated data from fishery-independent surveys, fishery-dependent catch-per-unit-of-effort data, and regional harvest. Results showed a depleted population (B-2003/B-MSY=0.03-0.71) and high relative fishing mortality (F-2002/F-MSY=0.9-9.5). Future harvest strategies for a 15-year period were evaluated by using population projections with ASPICP software. Under 2003 harvest levels (1356 t), population recovery to B-MSY would take at least four years, and four of the seven models predicted that the population would not reach B-MSY within the 15-year period. Production models for horseshoe crab assessment provided management benchmarks for a species with limited data and no prior stock assessment.

Published
2006

29. Carnivore co-existence and habitat use in the Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve, Belize.

Author

Davis, M. L., Kelly, M. J., and Stauffer, D. F.

Subjects
*CARNIVOROUS animals, *COEXISTENCE of species, *HABITATS, *FOREST reserves
Abstract

To protect and manage an intact neotropical carnivore guild, it is necessary to understand the relative importance of habitat selection and intraguild competition to the ecology of individual species. This study examined habitat use of four carnivores in the Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve, Belize. We calculated photographic trap success (TS) rates for jaguars Panthera onca, pumas Puma concolor, ocelots Leopardus pardalis, grey foxes Urocyon cinereoargenteus, potential prey and humans at 47 remote camera stations spaced along roads and trails within the 139 km study site. At each station, we used manual habitat sampling in combination with geographic information systems to estimate habitat characteristics pertaining to vegetation cover. We used negative binomial models to analyse species-specific TS as a response to habitat (including vegetation and landscape variables, prey activity and human activity) and co-predator activity rates. Jaguars [TS=7.56±1.279 ( captures per 100 trap-nights (TN)] and grey foxes (31.5±6.073 captures per 100 TN) were commonly captured by cameras, while pumas (0.66±0.200 captures per 100 TN) and ocelots (0.55±0.209 captures per 100 TN) were rare. Model selection via Akaike's information criterion (AIC) revealed that models including habitat variables generally performed better than models including co-predator activity. Felid captures were positively associated with small bird TS and with the width or length of surrounding roads, while fox counts showed few habitat associations. Ocelot activity was positively related to jaguar captures, an effect probably explained by their shared preference for areas with more roads. Pumas were negatively related to human activity and jaguars showed a similar, though non-significant, trend, suggesting that these felids may be sensitive to human disturbance even within protected areas. Results suggest that these predators do not spatially partition habitat and that the jaguar could function as an umbrella species for smaller sympatric carnivores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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30. High-resolution comprehensive radiation hybrid maps of the porcine chromosomes 2p and 9p compared with the human chromosome 11.

Author

Liu, W.-S., Yasue, H., Eyer, K., Hiraiwa, H., Shimogiri, T., Roelofs, B., Landrito, E., Ekstrand, J., Treat, M., Paes, N., Lemos, M., Griffith, A. C., Davis, M. L., Meyers, S. N., Yerle, M., Milan, D., Beever, J. E., Schook, L. B., and Beattie, C. W.

Subjects
ANIMAL genome mapping, CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN chromosomes, HUMAN genetics, MICROSATELLITE repeats, NUCLEOTIDE sequence
Abstract

We are constructing high-resolution, chromosomal ‘test’ maps for the entire pig genome using a 12,000-rad WG-RH panel (IMNpRH212,000-rad)to provide a scaffold for the rapid assembly of the porcine genome sequence. Here we present an initial, comparative map of human chromosome (HSA) 11 with pig chromosomes (SSC) 2p and 9p. Two sets of RH mapping vectors were used to construct the RH framework (FW) maps for SSC2p and SSC9p. One set of 590 markers, including 131 microsatellites (MSs), 364 genes/ESTs, and 95 BAC end sequences (BESs) was typed on the IMNpRH212,000-rad panel. A second set of 271 markers (28 MSs, 138 genes/ESTs, and 105 BESs) was typed on the IMpRH7,000-rad panel. The two data sets were merged into a single data-set of 655 markers of which 206 markers were typed on both panels. Two large linkage groups of 72 and 194 markers were assigned to SSC2p, and two linkage groups of 84 and 168 markers to SSC9p at a two-point LOD score of 10. A total of 126 and 114 FW markers were ordered with a likelihood ratio of 1000:1 to the SSC2p and SSC9p RH12,000-rad FW maps, respectively, with an accumulated map distance of 4046.5 cR12,000 and 1355.2 cR7,000 for SSC2p, and 4244.1 cR12,000 and 1802.5 cR7,000 for SSC9p. The kb/cR ratio in the IMNpRH212,000-rad FW maps was 15.8 for SSC2p, and 15.4 for SSC9p, while the ratio in the IMpRH7,000-rad FW maps was 47.1 and 36.3, respectively, or an ∼3.0-fold increase in map resolution in the IMNpRH12,000-rad panel over the IMpRH7,000-rad panel. The integrated IMNpRH12,000-rad andIMpRH7,000-rad maps as well as the genetic and BAC FPC maps provide an inclusive comparative map between SSC2p, SSC9p and HSA11 to close potential gaps between contigs prior to sequencing, and to identify regions where potential problems may arise in sequence assembly. Copyright © 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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36. Bone marrow-derived thymic antigen-presenting cells determine self-recognition of Ia-restricted T lymphocytes.

Author

Longo, D L, Kruisbeek, A M, Davis, M L, and Matis, L A

Abstract

We previously have demonstrated that in radiation-induced bone marrow chimeras, T-cell self-Ia restriction specificity appeared to correlate with the phenotype of the bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting (or dendritic) cell in the thymus during T-cell development. However, these correlations were necessarily indirect because of the difficulty in assaying thymic function directly by adult thymus transplant, which has in the past been uniformly unsuccessful. We now report success in obtaining functional T cells from nude mice grafted with adult thymuses reduced in size by treatment of the thymus donor with anti-thymocyte globulin and cortisone. When (B10 Scn X B10.D2)F1 nude mice (I-Ab,d) are given parental B10.D2 (I-Ad) thymus grafts subcutaneously, their T cells are restricted to antigen recognition in association with I-Ad gene products but not I-Ab gene products. Furthermore, thymuses from (B10 X B10.D2)F1 (I-Ab,d)----B10 (I-Ab) chimeras transplanted 6 months or longer after radiation (a time at which antigen-presenting cell function is of donor bone marrow phenotype) into (B10 X B10.D2)F1 nude mice generate T cells restricted to antigen recognition in association with both I-Ad and I-Ab gene products. Thymuses from totally allogeneic bone marrow chimeras appear to generate T cells of bone marrow donor and thymic host restriction specificity. Thus, when thymus donors are radiation-induced bone marrow chimeras, the T-cell I-region restriction of the nude mice recipients is determined at least in part by the phenotype of the bone marrow-derived thymic antigen presenting cells or dendritic cells in the chimeric thymus.

Published
1985
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37. Self-recognition specificity expressed by T cells from nude mice. Absence of detectable Ia-restricted T cells in nude mice that do exhibit self-K/D-restricted T cell responses.

Author

Kruisbeek, A M, Davis, M L, Matis, L A, and Longo, D L

Abstract

The presence in athymic nude mice of precursor T cells with self-recognition specificity for either H-2 K/D or H-2 I region determinants was investigated. Chimeras were constructed of lethally irradiated parental mice receiving a mixture of F1 nude mouse (6-8 wk old) spleen and bone marrow cells. The donor inoculum was deliberately not subjected to any T cell depletion procedure, so that any potential major histocompatibility complex-committed precursor T cells were allowed to differentiate and expand in the normal parental recipients. 3 mo after reconstitution, the chimeras were immunized with several protein antigens in complete Freund's adjuvant in the footpads and their purified draining lymph node T cells tested 10 d later for ability to recognize antigen on antigen-presenting cells of either parental haplotype. Also, their spleen and lymph node cells were tested for ability to generate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified stimulator cells of either parental haplotype. It was demonstrated that T cell proliferative responses of these F1(nude)----parent chimeras were restricted solely to recognizing parental host I region determinants as self and expressed the Ir gene phenotype of the host. In contrast, CTL responses could be generated (in the presence of interleukin 2) to TNP-modified stimulator cells of either parental haplotype. Thus these results indicate that nude mice which do have CTL with self-specificity for K/D region determinants lack proliferating T cells with self-specificity for I region determinants. These results provide evidence for the concepts that development of the I region-restricted T cell repertoire is strictly an intrathymically determined event and that young nude mice lack the unique thymic elements responsible for education of I region-restricted T cells.

Published
1984
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40. Technical Evaluation Study of the Consolidated Field Maintenance Facility at Fort Bragg, N.C.

Author

ARMY CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB CHAMPAIGN ILL, Rosenfield,M. J., Davis,M. L., Schomer,P., Elbl,M., ARMY CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB CHAMPAIGN ILL, Rosenfield,M. J., Davis,M. L., Schomer,P., and Elbl,M.

Abstract

The study identifies potential pollution sources and control equipment requirements for the proposed Consolidated Field Maintenance Facility at Fort Bragg, N.C. An inventory determined processes and operations which were to be incorporated in the new facility. Air pollution, water, noise, and solid wastes which might emanate from the facility are identified. Recommendations are given to provide pollution control for the following: gasoline storage tanks, paint spray booths, woodworking shops, waste oils and lubricants, washrack waste water, dynamometers, and body shop. (Author)

Published
1973

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