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1. Erratum to: Search for non-relativistic magnetic monopoles with IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: In the analyses, published in Ref. [1], the exclusion limits are calculated in dependence of the mean free path of the magnetic monopole - nucleon catalysis interaction.
Published: 2019

2. THE CONTRIBUTION OF FERMI-2LAC BLAZARS TO DIFFUSE TEV–PEV NEUTRINO FLUX

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Burgman, A, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Franckowiak, A, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Giang, W, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, and Glüsenkamp, T
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astroparticle physics, BL Lacertae objects: general, gamma rays: galaxies, methods: data analysis, neutrinos, quasars: general, astro-ph.HE, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. Blazars are one class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) using IceCube neutrino data set 2009-12, which was optimized for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to those in previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalog. No significant excess is observed, and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to 27% or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming the equipartition of flavors on Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of -2.5. We can still exclude the fact that 2LAC blazars (and their subpopulations) emit more than 50% of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as -2.2 in the same energy range. Our result takes into account the fact that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC γ-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars.
Published: 2017

3. All-flavour search for neutrinos from dark matter annihilations in the Milky Way with IceCube/DeepCore

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Burgman, A, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Franckowiak, A, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Giang, W, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, and Glüsenkamp, T
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE, hep-ex, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: We present the first IceCube search for a signal of dark matter annihilations in the Milky Way using all-flavour neutrino-induced particle cascades. The analysis focuses on the DeepCore sub-detector of IceCube, and uses the surrounding IceCube strings as a veto region in order to select starting events in the DeepCore volume. We use 329 live-days of data from IceCube operating in its 86-string configuration during 2011–2012. No neutrino excess is found, the final result being compatible with the background-only hypothesis. From this null result, we derive upper limits on the velocity-averaged self-annihilation cross-section, ⟨ σAv ⟩ , for dark matter candidate masses ranging from 30 GeV up to 10 TeV, assuming both a cuspy and a flat-cored dark matter halo profile. For dark matter masses between 200 GeV and 10 TeV, the results improve on all previous IceCube results on ⟨ σAv ⟩ , reaching a level of 10- 23 cm3 s- 1, depending on the annihilation channel assumed, for a cusped NFW profile. The analysis demonstrates that all-flavour searches are competitive with muon channel searches despite the intrinsically worse angular resolution of cascades compared to muon tracks in IceCube.
Published: 2016

4. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to Support Adherence to Falls Prevention Clinic Recommendations: A Qualitative Study

Author: Tai D, Li E, Liu-Ambrose T, Bansback N, Sadatsafavi M, and Davis JC
Subjects: eq-5d-5l, patient-physician communication, administration, self-awareness, adherence, mobility, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Daria Tai,1– 4 Eric Li,1 Teresa Liu-Ambrose,2– 4 Nick Bansback,5,6 Mohsen Sadatsafavi,7,8 Jennifer C Davis1– 3 1Social & Economic Change Laboratory, Faculty of Management, University of British Columbia – Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; 2Center for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; 3Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; 4Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; 5School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia – Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; 6Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; 7Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia – Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; 8Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaCorrespondence: Jennifer C DavisFaculty of Management, The University of British Columbia – Okanagan, 1137 Alumni Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, CanadaTel +1 250 807 9507Email jennifer.davis@ubc.caPurpose: We examined how patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) support patients’ adherence to fall prevention recommendations in a novel primary care setting – the Falls Prevention Clinic.Patients and Methods: Using a patient-oriented qualitative study design, we recruited patient partners to our study team to assist in developing focus group prompts. A trained facilitator conducted five semi-structured interviews with a total of 21 Falls Prevention Clinic participants. A trained facilitator prompted participants about: their views on the EuroQol 5 domain – 5 level (EQ-5D-5L) PROM, their preferences for PROM administration and feedback, the presentation of PROM questionnaire data, the use of comparative data and the EQ-5D-5L in improving adherence to recommendations, and other information they would need to improve adherence. Participants’ responses were coded according to three stages of qualitative analysis: open, axial and selective coding using an iterative and comparative approach.Results: “Opportunity” and “Development” emerged as higher-level themes for the participants’ perspectives on how the EQ-5D-5L may be helpful for their appointments. “Frequency” described how often the participants believed the EQ-5D-5L should be administered and feedback provided. “Challenges”, “Benefits”, “Patients’ Understanding”, “Relevance of Data”, and “Usefulness of Data” provided insight on how PROMs data presentation was viewed by patients. “Performance”, “Resources”, “Knowledge”, “Role in Behaviour Change” highlighted the participants’ ideas for the role of the EQ-5D-5L and additional information in supporting their adherence to falls prevention recommendations. Participants emphasized that patients would value further support information to facilitate their adherence.Conclusion: This patient-oriented qualitative study, among individuals at high risk of future falls, sheds light on the importance of timely, understandable feedback, integrated with other clinical feedback in supporting adherence.Keywords: EQ-5D-5L, patient-physician communication, administration, self-awareness, adherence, falls
Published: 2020

5. Searches for Sterile Neutrinos with the IceCube Detector

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Argüelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Axani, S, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Burgman, A, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Giang, W, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, and Gonzalez, JG
Subjects: IceCube Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract: The IceCube neutrino telescope at the South Pole has measured the atmospheric muon neutrino spectrum as a function of zenith angle and energy in the approximate 320 GeV to 20 TeV range, to search for the oscillation signatures of light sterile neutrinos. No evidence for anomalous ν_{μ} or ν[over ¯]_{μ} disappearance is observed in either of two independently developed analyses, each using one year of atmospheric neutrino data. New exclusion limits are placed on the parameter space of the 3+1 model, in which muon antineutrinos experience a strong Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein-resonant oscillation. The exclusion limits extend to sin^{2}2θ_{24}≤0.02 at Δm^{2}∼0.3 eV^{2} at the 90% confidence level. The allowed region from global analysis of appearance experiments, including LSND and MiniBooNE, is excluded at approximately the 99% confidence level for the global best-fit value of |U_{e4}|^{2}.
Published: 2016

6. ANISOTROPY IN COSMIC-RAY ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE BASED ON SIX YEARS OF DATA FROM THE ICECUBE DETECTOR

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, and Golup, G
Subjects: astroparticle physics, cosmic rays, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory accumulated a total of 318 billion cosmic-ray-induced muon events between 2009 May and 2015 May. This data set was used for a detailed analysis of the sidereal anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays in the TeV to PeV energy range. The observed global sidereal anisotropy features large regions of relative excess and deficit, with amplitudes of the order of 10-3 up to about 100 TeV. A decomposition of the arrival direction distribution into spherical harmonics shows that most of the power is contained in the low-multipole (ℓ ≤ 4) moments. However, higher multipole components are found to be statistically significant down to an angular scale of less than 10°, approaching the angular resolution of the detector. Above 100 TeV, a change in the morphology of the arrival direction distribution is observed, and the anisotropy is characterized by a wide relative deficit whose amplitude increases with primary energy up to at least 5 PeV, the highest energies currently accessible to IceCube. No time dependence of the large- and small-scale structures is observed in the period of six years covered by this analysis. The high-statistics data set reveals more details of the properties of the anisotropy and is potentially able to shed light on the various physical processes that are responsible for the complex angular structure and energy evolution.
Published: 2016

7. Neutrino oscillation studies with IceCube-DeepCore

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Góra, D, and Grant, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: IceCube, a gigaton-scale neutrino detector located at the South Pole, was primarily designed to search for astrophysical neutrinos with energies of PeV and higher. This goal has been achieved with the detection of the highest energy neutrinos to date. At the other end of the energy spectrum, the DeepCore extension lowers the energy threshold of the detector to approximately 10 GeV and opens the door for oscillation studies using atmospheric neutrinos. An analysis of the disappearance of these neutrinos has been completed, with the results produced being complementary with dedicated oscillation experiments. Following a review of the detector principle and performance, the method used to make these calculations, as well as the results, is detailed. Finally, the future prospects of IceCube-DeepCore and the next generation of neutrino experiments at the South Pole (IceCube-Gen2, specifically the PINGU sub-detector) are briefly discussed.
Published: 2016

8. LOWERING ICECUBE'S ENERGY THRESHOLD FOR POINT SOURCE SEARCHES IN THE SOUTHERN SKY

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Andeen, K, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blot, S, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Burgman, A, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, and Golup, G
Subjects: astroparticle physics, neutrinos, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract: Observation of a point source of astrophysical neutrinos would be a "smoking gun" signature of a cosmic-ray accelerator. While IceCube has recently discovered a diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos, no localized point source has been observed. Previous IceCube searches for point sources in the southern sky were restricted by either an energy threshold above a few hundred TeV or poor neutrino angular resolution. Here we present a search for southern sky point sources with greatly improved sensitivities to neutrinos with energies below 100 TeV. By selecting charged-current ν μ interacting inside the detector, we reduce the atmospheric background while retaining efficiency for astrophysical neutrino-induced events reconstructed with sub-degree angular resolution. The new event sample covers three years of detector data and leads to a factor of 10 improvement in sensitivity to point sources emitting below 100 TeV in the southern sky. No statistically significant evidence of point sources was found, and upper limits are set on neutrino emission from individual sources. A posteriori analysis of the highest-energy (∼100 TeV) starting event in the sample found that this event alone represents a 2.8σ deviation from the hypothesis that the data consists only of atmospheric background.
Published: 2016

9. AN ALL-SKY SEARCH FOR THREE FLAVORS OF NEUTRINOS FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH THE ICECUBE NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dujmovic, H, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, and Golup, G
Subjects: gamma-ray burst: general, methods: data analysis, neutrinos, telescopes, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the results and methodology of a search for neutrinos produced in the decay of charged pions created in interactions between protons and gamma-rays during the prompt emission of 807 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) over the entire sky. This three-year search is the first in IceCube for shower-like Cherenkov light patterns from electron, muon, and tau neutrinos correlated with GRBs. We detect five low-significance events correlated with five GRBs. These events are consistent with the background expectation from atmospheric muons and neutrinos. The results of this search in combination with those of IceCube's four years of searches for track-like Cherenkov light patterns from muon neutrinos correlated with Northern-Hemisphere GRBs produce limits that tightly constrain current models of neutrino and ultra high energy cosmic ray production in GRB fireballs.
Published: 2016

10. Characterization of the atmospheric muon flux in IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Argüelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fuchs, T, Glagla, M, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, and Góra, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Atmospheric muons, Cosmic rays, Prompt leptons, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: Muons produced in atmospheric cosmic ray showers account for the by far dominant part of the event yield in large-volume underground particle detectors. The IceCube detector, with an instrumented volume of about a cubic kilometer, has the potential to conduct unique investigations on atmospheric muons by exploiting the large collection area and the possibility to track particles over a long distance. Through detailed reconstruction of energy deposition along the tracks, the characteristics of muon bundles can be quantified, and individual particles of exceptionally high energy identified. The data can then be used to constrain the cosmic ray primary flux and the contribution to atmospheric lepton fluxes from prompt decays of short-lived hadrons. In this paper, techniques for the extraction of physical measurements from atmospheric muon events are described and first results are presented. The multiplicity spectrum of TeV muons in cosmic ray air showers for primaries in the energy range from the knee to the ankle is derived and found to be consistent with recent results from surface detectors. The single muon energy spectrum is determined up to PeV energies and shows a clear indication for the emergence of a distinct spectral component from prompt decays of short-lived hadrons. The magnitude of the prompt flux, which should include a substantial contribution from light vector meson di-muon decays, is consistent with current theoretical predictions. The variety of measurements and high event statistics can also be exploited for the evaluation of systematic effects. In the course of this study, internal inconsistencies in the zenith angle distribution of events were found which indicate the presence of an unexplained effect outside the currently applied range of detector systematics. The underlying cause could be related to the hadronic interaction models used to describe muon production in air showers.
Published: 2016

11. Improved limits on dark matter annihilation in the Sun with the 79-string IceCube detector and implications for supersymmetry

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Anton, G, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, JB, Becker, KH, Beiser, E, Benzvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Collin, GH, Conrad, JM, Cowen, DF, Silva, AHC, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De André, JPAM, Clercq, CD, Rosendo, EDP, Dembinski, H, Ridder, SD, Desiati, P, De Vries, KD, De Wasseige, G, De With, M, Deyoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Edsjö, J, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Flis, S, Fösig, CC, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, and Goldschmidt, A
Subjects: dark matter experiments, dark matter theory, neutrino experiments, hep-ph, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We present an improved event-level likelihood formalism for including neutrino telescope data in global fits to new physics. We derive limits on spin-dependent dark matter-proton scattering by employing the new formalism in a re-analysis of data from the 79-string IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the Sun, including explicit energy information for each event. The new analysis excludes a number of models in the weak-scale minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) for the first time. This work is accompanied by the public release of the 79-string IceCube data, as well as an associated computer code for applying the new likelihood to arbitrary dark matter models.
Published: 2016

12. Searches for relativistic magnetic monopoles in IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, JB, Becker, KH, Beiser, E, Benabderrahmane, ML, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fösig, CC, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Góra, D, and Grant, D
Subjects: astro-ph.HE, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: Various extensions of the Standard Model motivate the existence of stable magnetic monopoles that could have been created during an early high-energy epoch of the Universe. These primordial magnetic monopoles would be gradually accelerated by cosmic magnetic fields and could reach high velocities that make them visible in Cherenkov detectors such as IceCube. Equivalently to electrically charged particles, magnetic monopoles produce direct and indirect Cherenkov light while traversing through matter at relativistic velocities. This paper describes searches for relativistic ((Formula presented.)) and mildly relativistic ((Formula presented.)) monopoles, each using one year of data taken in 2008/2009 and 2011/2012, respectively. No monopole candidate was detected. For a velocity above (Formula presented.) the monopole flux is constrained down to a level of (Formula presented.). This is an improvement of almost two orders of magnitude over previous limits.
Published: 2016

13. Search for correlations between the arrival directions of IceCube neutrino events and ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, KH, Beiser, E, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, De Vries, KD, De Wasseige, G, De With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fösig, CC, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Góra, D, Grant, D, and Griffith, Z
Subjects: neutrino experiments, ultra high energy cosmic rays, cosmic ray experiments, neutrino astronomy, astro-ph.HE, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: This paper presents the results of different searches for correlations between very high-energy neutrino candidates detected by IceCube and the highest-energy cosmic rays measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. We first consider samples of cascade neutrino events and of high-energy neutrino-induced muon tracks, which provided evidence for a neutrino flux of astrophysical origin, and study their cross-correlation with the ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) samples as a function of angular separation. We also study their possible directional correlations using a likelihood method stacking the neutrino arrival directions and adopting different assumptions on the size of the UHECR magnetic deflections. Finally, we perform another likelihood analysis stacking the UHECR directions and using a sample of through-going muon tracks optimized for neutrino point-source searches with sub-degree angular resolution. No indications of correlations at discovery level are obtained for any of the searches performed. The smallest of the p-values comes from the search for correlation between UHECRs with IceCube high-energy cascades, a result that should continue to be monitored.
Published: 2016

14. Search for astrophysical tau neutrinos in three years of IceCube data

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fösig, C-C, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, and Golup, G
Subjects: astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has observed a diffuse flux of TeV-PeV astrophysical neutrinos at 5.7σ significance from an all-flavor search. The direct detection of tau neutrinos in this flux has yet to occur. Tau neutrinos become distinguishable from other flavors in IceCube at energies above a few hundred TeV, when the cascade from the tau neutrino charged current interaction becomes resolvable from the cascade from the tau lepton decay. This paper presents results from the first dedicated search for tau neutrinos with energies between 214 TeV and 72 PeV in the full IceCube detector. The analysis searches for IceCube optical sensors that observe two separate pulses in a single event - one from the tau neutrino interaction and a second from the tau decay. No candidate events were observed in three years of IceCube data. For the first time, a differential upper limit on astrophysical tau neutrinos is derived around the PeV energy region, which is nearly 3 orders of magnitude lower in energy than previous limits from dedicated tau neutrino searches.
Published: 2016

15. THE SEARCH for TRANSIENT ASTROPHYSICAL NEUTRINO EMISSION with ICECUBE-DEEPCORE

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Ansseau, I, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, KH, Beiser, E, Benzvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Del Pino Rosendo, E, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, De Vries, KD, De Wasseige, G, De With, M, Deyoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Di Lorenzo, V, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fösig, CC, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, and Golup, G
Subjects: astroparticle physics, gamma-ray burst: general, neutrinos, supernovae: general, astro-ph.HE, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract: We present the results of a search for astrophysical sources of brief transient neutrino emission using Ice Cube and Deep Core data acquired between 2012 May 15 and 2013 April 30. While the search methods employed in this analysis are similar to those used in previous Ice Cube point source searches, the data set being examined consists of a sample of predominantly sub-TeV muon-neutrinos from the Northern Sky (-5° < δ < 90°) obtained through a novel event selection method. This search represents a first attempt by Ice Cube to identify astrophysical neutrino sources in this relatively unexplored energy range. The reconstructed direction and time of arrival of neutrino events are used to search for any significant self-correlation in the data set. The data revealed no significant source of transient neutrino emission. This result has been used to construct limits at timescales ranging from roughly 1 s to 10 days for generic soft-spectra transients. We also present limits on a specific model of neutrino emission from soft jets in core-collapse supernovae.
Published: 2016

16. Search for dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center with IceCube-79

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fuchs, T, Glagla, M, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, and Góra, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The Milky Way is expected to be embedded in a halo of dark matter particles, with the highest density in the central region, and decreasing density with the halo-centric radius. Dark matter might be indirectly detectable at Earth through a flux of stable particles generated in dark matter annihilations and peaked in the direction of the Galactic Center. We present a search for an excess flux of muon (anti-) neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center using the cubic-kilometer-sized IceCube neutrino detector at the South Pole. There, the Galactic Center is always seen above the horizon. Thus, new and dedicated veto techniques against atmospheric muons are required to make the southern hemisphere accessible for IceCube. We used 319.7 live-days of data from IceCube operating in its 79-string configuration during 2010 and 2011. No neutrino excess was found and the final result is compatible with the background. We present upper limits on the self-annihilation cross-section, (Formula presented.), for WIMP masses ranging from 30 GeV up to 10 TeV, assuming cuspy (NFW) and flat-cored (Burkert) dark matter halo profiles, reaching down to ≃4·10-24 cm3 s-1, and ≃2.6·10-23 cm3 s-1 for the νν¯ channel, respectively.
Published: 2015

17. THE DETECTION of A SN IIn in OPTICAL FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS of ICECUBE NEUTRINO EVENTS

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, KH, Beiser, E, Benzvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, De Vries, KD, De Wasseige, G, De With, M, Deyoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fuchs, T, Glagla, M, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, and Góra, D
Subjects: circumstellar matter, galaxies: dwarf, neutrinos, shock waves, supernovae: individual, astro-ph.HE, 85-05, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract: The IceCube neutrino observatory pursues a follow-up program selecting interesting neutrino events in real-time and issuing alerts for electromagnetic follow-up observations. In 2012 March, the most significant neutrino alert during the first three years of operation was issued by IceCube. In the follow-up observations performed by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), a Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) PTF12csy was found 0.°2 away from the neutrino alert direction, with an error radius of 0.°54. It has a redshift of z = 0.0684, corresponding to a luminosity distance of about 300 Mpc and the Pan-STARRS1 survey shows that its explosion time was at least 158 days (in host galaxy rest frame) before the neutrino alert, so that a causal connection is unlikely. The a posteriori significance of the chance detection of both the neutrinos and the SN at any epoch is 2.2σ within IceCube's 2011/12 data acquisition season. Also, a complementary neutrino analysis reveals no long-term signal over the course of one year. Therefore, we consider the SN detection coincidental and the neutrinos uncorrelated to the SN. However, the SN is unusual and interesting by itself: it is luminous and energetic, bearing strong resemblance to the SN IIn 2010jl, and shows signs of interaction of the SN ejecta with a dense circumstellar medium. High-energy neutrino emission is expected in models of diffusive shock acceleration, but at a low, non-detectable level for this specific SN. In this paper, we describe the SN PTF12csy and present both the neutrino and electromagnetic data, as well as their analysis.
Published: 2015

18. Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fuchs, T, Glagla, M, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, and Goodman, JA
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, IceCube Collaboration, astro-ph.HE, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: Results from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory have recently provided compelling evidence for the existence of a high energy astrophysical neutrino flux utilizing a dominantly Southern Hemisphere data set consisting primarily of ν(e) and ν(τ) charged-current and neutral-current (cascade) neutrino interactions. In the analysis presented here, a data sample of approximately 35,000 muon neutrinos from the Northern sky is extracted from data taken during 659.5 days of live time recorded between May 2010 and May 2012. While this sample is composed primarily of neutrinos produced by cosmic ray interactions in Earth's atmosphere, the highest energy events are inconsistent with a hypothesis of solely terrestrial origin at 3.7σ significance. These neutrinos can, however, be explained by an astrophysical flux per neutrino flavor at a level of Φ(E(ν))=9.9(-3.4)(+3.9)×10(-19) GeV(-1) cm(-2) sr(-1) s(-1)(E(ν)/100 TeV(-2), consistent with IceCube's Southern-Hemisphere-dominated result. Additionally, a fit for an astrophysical flux with an arbitrary spectral index is performed. We find a spectral index of 2.2(-0.2)(+0.2), which is also in good agreement with the Southern Hemisphere result.
Published: 2015

19. A COMBINED MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ANALYSIS OF THE HIGH-ENERGY ASTROPHYSICAL NEUTRINO FLUX MEASURED WITH ICECUBE

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abraham, K, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glagla, M, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, and Goodman, JA
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astroparticle physics, methods: data analysis, neutrinos, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: Evidence for an extraterrestrial flux of high-energy neutrinos has now been found in multiple searches with the IceCube detector. The first solid evidence was provided by a search for neutrino events with deposited energies ≳30 TeV and interaction vertices inside the instrumented volume. Recent analyses suggest that the extraterrestrial flux extends to lower energies and is also visible with throughgoing, νμ-induced tracks from the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we combine the results from six different IceCube searches for astrophysical neutrinos in a maximum-likelihood analysis. The combined event sample features high-statistics samples of shower-like and track-like events. The data are fit in up to three observables: energy, zenith angle, and event topology. Assuming the astrophysical neutrino flux to be isotropic and to consist of equal flavors at Earth, the all-flavor spectrum with neutrino energies between 25 TeV and 2.8 PeV is well described by an unbroken power law with best-fit spectral index -2.50 ± 0.09 and a flux at 100 TeV of (6.7-1.2+1.1) × 10-18 GeV-1 s-1cm-2. Under the same assumptions, an unbroken power law with index -2 is disfavored with a significance of 3.8σ (p = 0.0066%) with respect to the best fit. This significance is reduced to 2.1σ (p = 1.7%) if instead we compare the best fit to a spectrum with index .2 that has an exponential cut-off at high energies. Allowing the electron-neutrino flux to deviate from the other two flavors, we find a νe fraction of 0.18 ± 0.11 at Earth. The sole production of electron neutrinos, which would be characteristic of neutron-decay-dominated sources, is rejected with a significance of 3.6σ (p = 0.014%).
Published: 2015

20. SEARCHES FOR TIME-DEPENDENT NEUTRINO SOURCES WITH ICECUBE DATA FROM 2008 TO 2012

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Baker, M, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, and Gretskov, P
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astroparticle physics, binaries: general, BL Lacertae objects: general, galaxies: active, neutrinos, X-rays: binaries, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: In this paper searches for flaring astrophysical neutrino sources and sources with periodic emission with the IceCube neutrino telescope are presented. In contrast to time-integrated searches, where steady emission is assumed, the analyses presented here look for a time-dependent signal of neutrinos using the information from the neutrino arrival times to enhance the discovery potential. A search was performed for correlations between neutrino arrival times and directions, as well as neutrino emission following time-dependent light curves, sporadic emission, or periodicities of candidate sources. These include active galactic nuclei, soft γ-ray repeaters, supernova remnants hosting pulsars, microquasars, and X-ray binaries. The work presented here updates and extends previously published results to a longer period that covers 4 years of data from 2008 April 5 to 2012 May 16, including the first year of operation of the completed 86 string detector. The analyses did not find any significant time-dependent point sources of neutrinos, and the results were used to set upper limits on the neutrino flux from source candidates.
Published: 2015

21. Measurement of the Atmospheric νe Spectrum with IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Archinger, M, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Beiser, E, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Börner, M, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Braun, J, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de Wasseige, G, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fahey, S, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Fuchs, T, Glagla, M, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Ghorbani, K, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, and Góra, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE
Abstract: We present a measurement of the atmospheric νe spectrum at energies between 0.1 and 100 TeV using data from the first year of the complete IceCube detector. Atmospheric νe originate mainly from the decays of kaons produced in cosmic-ray air showers. This analysis selects 1078 fully contained events in 332 days of live time, and then identifies those consistent with particle showers. A likelihood analysis with improved event selection extends our previous measurement of the conventional νe fluxes to higher energies. The data constrain the conventional νe flux to be 1.3-0.3+0.4 times a baseline prediction from a Honda's calculation, including the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum. A fit to the kaon contribution (ξ) to the neutrino flux finds a kaon component that is ξ=1.3-0.4+0.5 times the baseline value. The fitted/measured prompt neutrino flux from charmed hadron decays strongly depends on the assumed astrophysical flux and shape. If the astrophysical component follows a power law, the result for the prompt flux is 0.0-0.0+3.0 times a calculated flux based on the work by Enberg, Reno, and Sarcevic.
Published: 2015

22. Searches for small-scale anisotropies from neutrino point sources with three years of IceCube data

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Extraterrestrial neutrinos, Astrophysical neutrinos, Point sources, IceCube, 2pt-correlation, Multipole analysis, astro-ph.HE, 85-05, J.2, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: Recently, IceCube found evidence for a diffuse signal of astrophysical neutrinos in an energy range of ∼60TeV to the PeV-scale [1]. The origin of those events, being a key to understanding the origin of cosmic rays, is still an unsolved question. So far, analyses have not succeeded to resolve the diffuse signal into point-like sources. Searches including a maximum-likelihood-ratio test, based on the reconstructed directions and energies of the detected down- and up-going neutrino candidates, were also performed on IceCube data leading to the exclusion of bright point sources. In this paper, we present two methods to search for faint neutrino point sources in three years of IceCube data, taken between 2008 and 2011. The first method is an autocorrelation test, applied separately to the northern and southern sky. The second method is a multipole analysis, which expands the measured data in the northern hemisphere into spherical harmonics and uses the resulting expansion coefficients to separate signal from background. With both methods, the results are consistent with the background expectation with a slightly more sparse spatial distribution, corresponding to an underfluctuation. Depending on the assumed number of sources, the resulting upper limit on the flux per source in the northern hemisphere for an E-2 energy spectrum ranges from ∼1.5·10-8 GeV/cm2 s−1, in the case of one assumed source, to ∼4·10-10 GeV/cm2 s−1, in the case of 3500 assumed sources.
Published: 2015

23. SEARCH FOR PROMPT NEUTRINO EMISSION FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH ICECUBE

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Vélez, JC Díaz-, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Wasels, T Fischer-, Flis, S, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, gamma-ray burst: general, neutrinos, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Space sciences
Abstract: We present constraints derived from a search of four years of IceCube data for a prompt neutrino flux from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). A single low-significance neutrino, compatible with the atmospheric neutrino background, was found in coincidence with one of the 506 observed bursts. Although GRBs have been proposed as candidate sources for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, our limits on the neutrino flux disfavor much of the parameter space for the latest models. We also find that no more than ∼1% of the recently observed astrophysical neutrino flux consists of prompt emission from GRBs that are potentially observable by existing satellites.
Published: 2015

24. Flavor Ratio of Astrophysical Neutrinos above 35 TeV in IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, Dembinski, H, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dumm, JP, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Ehrhardt, T, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, and Ha, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, IceCube Collaboration, astro-ph.HE, hep-ex, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: A diffuse flux of astrophysical neutrinos above 100 TeV has been observed at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Here we extend this analysis to probe the astrophysical flux down to 35 TeV and analyze its flavor composition by classifying events as showers or tracks. Taking advantage of lower atmospheric backgrounds for showerlike events, we obtain a shower-biased sample containing 129 showers and 8 tracks collected in three years from 2010 to 2013. We demonstrate consistency with the (fe:fμ:fτ)⊕≈(1:1:1)⊕ flavor ratio at Earth commonly expected from the averaged oscillations of neutrinos produced by pion decay in distant astrophysical sources. Limits are placed on nonstandard flavor compositions that cannot be produced by averaged neutrino oscillations but could arise in exotic physics scenarios. A maximally tracklike composition of (0:1:0)⊕ is excluded at 3.3σ, and a purely showerlike composition of (1:0:0)⊕ is excluded at 2.3σ.
Published: 2015

25. Determining neutrino oscillation parameters from atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance with three years of IceCube DeepCore data

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Brunner, J, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, and Ha, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: We present a measurement of neutrino oscillations via atmospheric muon neutrino disappearance with three years of data of the completed IceCube neutrino detector. DeepCore, a region of denser IceCube instrumentation, enables the detection and reconstruction of atmospheric muon neutrinos between 10 and 100 GeV, where a strong disappearance signal is expected. The IceCube detector volume surrounding DeepCore is used as a veto region to suppress the atmospheric muon background. Neutrino events are selected where the detected Cherenkov photons of the secondary particles minimally scatter, and the neutrino energy and arrival direction are reconstructed. Both variables are used to obtain the neutrino oscillation parameters from the data, with the best fit given by Δm322=2.72-0.20+0.19×10-3eV2 and sin2θ23=0.53-0.12+0.09 (normal mass ordering assumed). The results are compatible, and comparable in precision, to those of dedicated oscillation experiments.
Published: 2015

26. Development of a general analysis and unfolding scheme and its application to measure the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Brown, AM, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, and Haj Ismail, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: We present the development and application of a generic analysis scheme for the measurement of neutrino spectra with the IceCube detector. This scheme is based on regularized unfolding, preceded by an event selection which uses a Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance algorithm to select the relevant variables and a random forest for the classification of events. The analysis has been developed using IceCube data from the 59-string configuration of the detector. 27,771 neutrino candidates were detected in 346 days of livetime. A rejection of 99.9999 % of the atmospheric muon background is achieved. The energy spectrum of the atmospheric neutrino flux is obtained using the TRUEE unfolding program. The unfolded spectrum of atmospheric muon neutrinos covers an energy range from 100 GeV to 1 PeV. Compared to the previous measurement using the detector in the 40-string configuration, the analysis presented here, extends the upper end of the atmospheric neutrino spectrum by more than a factor of two, reaching an energy region that has not been previously accessed by spectral measurements.
Published: 2015

27. Atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos above 1 TeV interacting in IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Buzinsky, N, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gaior, R, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, and Ha, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory was designed primarily to search for high-energy (TeV-PeV) neutrinos produced in distant astrophysical objects. A search for 100TeV neutrinos interacting inside the instrumented volume has recently provided evidence for an isotropic flux of such neutrinos. At lower energies, IceCube collects large numbers of neutrinos from the weak decays of mesons in cosmic-ray air showers. Here we present the results of a search for neutrino interactions inside IceCube's instrumented volume between 1 TeV and 1 PeV in 641 days of data taken from 2010-2012, lowering the energy threshold for neutrinos from the southern sky below 10 TeV for the first time, far below the threshold of the previous high-energy analysis. Astrophysical neutrinos remain the dominant component in the southern sky down to a deposited energy of 10 TeV. From these data we derive new constraints on the diffuse astrophysical neutrino spectrum, Φν=2.06-0.3+0.4×10-18(Eν/105GeV)-2.46±0.12GeV-1cm-2sr-1s-1 for 25TeV
Published: 2015

28. The IceProd framework: Distributed data processing for the IceCube neutrino observatory

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Arguelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Ismail, A Haj, Hallen, P, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, and Hanson, K
Subjects: Distributed Computing and Systems Software, Information and Computing Sciences, Data management, Grid computing, Monitoring, Distributed computing, cs.DC, Computer Software, Distributed Computing, Distributed computing and systems software
Abstract: IceCube is a one-gigaton instrument located at the geographic South Pole, designed to detect cosmic neutrinos, identify the particle nature of dark matter, and study high-energy neutrinos themselves. Simulation of the IceCube detector and processing of data require a significant amount of computational resources. This paper presents the first detailed description of IceProd, a lightweight distributed management system designed to meet these requirements. It is driven by a central database in order to manage mass production of simulations and analysis of data produced by the IceCube detector. IceProd runs as a separate layer on top of other middleware and can take advantage of a variety of computing resources, including grids and batch systems such as CREAM, HTCondor, and PBS. This is accomplished by a set of dedicated daemons that process job submission in a coordinated fashion through the use of middleware plugins that serve to abstract the details of job submission and job management from the framework.
Published: 2015

29. Multipole analysis of IceCube data to search for dark matter accumulated in the Galactic halo: IceCube Collaboration

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, KH, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Brown, AM, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, Haj Ismail, A, and Hallen, P
Subjects: astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.GA, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: Dark matter which is bound in the Galactic halo might self-annihilate and produce a flux of stable final state particles, e.g. high energy neutrinos. These neutrinos can be detected with IceCube, a cubic-kilometer sized Cherenkov detector. Given IceCube’s large field of view, a characteristic anisotropy of the additional neutrino flux is expected. In this paper we describe a multipole method to search for such a large-scale anisotropy in IceCube data. This method uses the expansion coefficients of a multipole expansion of neutrino arrival directions and incorporates signal-specific weights for each expansion coefficient. We apply the technique to a high-purity muon neutrino sample from the Northern Hemisphere. The final result is compatible with the null-hypothesis. As no signal was observed, we present limits on the self-annihilation cross-section averaged over the relative velocity distribution (Formula Presented.) down to ([Formula Presented.) for a dark matter particle mass of 700–1,000 GeV and direct annihilation into (Formula Presented.). The resulting exclusion limits come close to exclusion limits from γ-ray experiments, that focus on the outer Galactic halo, for high dark matter masses of a few TeV and hard annihilation channels.
Published: 2015

30. SEARCHES FOR EXTENDED AND POINT-LIKE NEUTRINO SOURCES WITH FOUR YEARS OF ICECUBE DATA

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Casey, J, Casier, M, Cheung, E, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astroparticle physics, galaxies: active, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: starburst, ISM: supernova remnants, neutrinos, astro-ph.HE, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract: We present results on searches for point-like sources of neutrinos using four years of IceCube data, including the first year of data from the completed 86 string detector. The total livetime of the combined data set is 1373 days. For an E -2 spectrum, the observed 90% C.L. flux upper limits are 10-12 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 for energies between 1 TeV and 1 PeV in the northern sky and 10-11 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 for energies between 100 TeV and 100 PeV in the southern sky. This represents a 40% improvement compared to previous publications, resulting from both the additional year of data and the introduction of improved reconstructions. In addition, we present the first results from an all-sky search for extended sources of neutrinos. We update the results of searches for neutrino emission from stacked catalogs of sources and test five new catalogs; two of Galactic supernova remnants and three of active galactic nuclei. In all cases, the data are compatible with the background-only hypothesis, and upper limits on the flux of muon neutrinos are reported for the sources considered.
Published: 2014

31. Multimessenger search for sources of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos: Initial results for LIGO-Virgo and IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bos, F, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, Ismail, A Haj, and Hallen, P
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE
Abstract: We report the results of a multimessenger search for coincident signals from the LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave observatories and the partially completed IceCube high-energy neutrino detector, including periods of joint operation between 2007-2010. These include parts of the 2005-2007 run and the 2009-2010 run for LIGO-Virgo, and IceCube's observation periods with 22, 59 and 79 strings. We find no significant coincident events, and use the search results to derive upper limits on the rate of joint sources for a range of source emission parameters. For the optimistic assumption of gravitational-wave emission energy of 10-2M c2 at ∼150Hz with ∼60ms duration, and high-energy neutrino emission of 1051erg comparable to the isotropic gamma-ray energy of gamma-ray bursts, we limit the source rate below 1.6×10-2Mpc-3yr-1. We also examine how combining information from gravitational waves and neutrinos will aid discovery in the advanced gravitational-wave detector era.
Published: 2014

32. Observation of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos in Three Years of IceCube Data

Author: Aartsen, MG, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Ahrens, M, Altmann, D, Anderson, T, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Felde, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gier, D, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haack, C, Haj Ismail, A, Hallen, P, and Hallgren, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, IceCube Collaboration, astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: A search for high-energy neutrinos interacting within the IceCube detector between 2010 and 2012 provided the first evidence for a high-energy neutrino flux of extraterrestrial origin. Results from an analysis using the same methods with a third year (2012-2013) of data from the complete IceCube detector are consistent with the previously reported astrophysical flux in the 100 TeV-PeV range at the level of 10(-8) GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1 per flavor and reject a purely atmospheric explanation for the combined three-year data at 5.7σ. The data are consistent with expectations for equal fluxes of all three neutrino flavors and with isotropic arrival directions, suggesting either numerous or spatially extended sources. The three-year data set, with a live time of 988 days, contains a total of 37 neutrino candidate events with deposited energies ranging from 30 to 2000 TeV. The 2000-TeV event is the highest-energy neutrino interaction ever observed.
Published: 2014

33. Observation of the cosmic-ray shadow of the Moon with IceCube

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berdermann, J, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Franke, R, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE
Abstract: We report on the observation of a significant deficit of cosmic rays from the direction of the Moon with the IceCube detector. The study of this "Moon shadow" is used to characterize the angular resolution and absolute pointing capabilities of the detector. The detection is based on data taken in two periods before the completion of the detector: between April 2008 and May 2009, when IceCube operated in a partial configuration with 40 detector strings deployed in the South Pole ice, and between May 2009 and May 2010 when the detector operated with 59 strings. Using two independent analysis methods, the Moon shadow has been observed to high significance (>6σ) in both detector configurations. The observed location of the shadow center is within 0.2° of its expected position when geomagnetic deflection effects are taken into account. This measurement validates the directional reconstruction capabilities of IceCube. © 2014 American Physical Society.
Published: 2014

34. Search for neutrino-induced particle showers with IceCube-40

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Ismail, A Haj, Hallen, P, and Hallgren, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE
Abstract: We report on the search for neutrino-induced particle showers, so-called cascades, in the IceCube-40 detector. The data for this search were collected between April 2008 and May 2009 when the first 40 IceCube strings were deployed and operational. Three complementary searches were performed, each optimized for different energy regimes. The analysis with the lowest energy threshold (2 TeV) targeted atmospheric neutrinos. A total of 67 events were found, consistent with the expectation of 41 atmospheric muons and 30 atmospheric neutrino events. The two other analyses targeted a harder, astrophysical neutrino flux. The analysis with an intermediate threshold of 25 TeV leads to the observation of 14 cascadelike events, again consistent with the prediction of 3.0 atmospheric neutrino and 7.7 atmospheric muon events. We hence set an upper limit of E2Φlim≤7.46×10-8GeVsr-1s-1cm-2 (90% C.L.) on the diffuse flux from astrophysical neutrinos of all neutrino flavors, applicable to the energy range 25 TeV to 5 PeV, assuming an Eν-2 spectrum and a neutrino flavor ratio of 1 at the Earth. The third analysis utilized a larger and optimized sample of atmospheric muon background simulation, leading to a higher energy threshold of 100 TeV. Three events were found over a background prediction of 0.04 atmospheric muon events and 0.21 events from the flux of conventional and prompt atmospheric neutrinos. Including systematic errors this corresponds to a 2.7σ excess with respect to the background-only hypothesis. Our observation of neutrino event candidates above 100 TeV complements IceCube's recently observed evidence for high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. © 2014 American Physical Society.
Published: 2014

35. Search for a diffuse flux of astrophysical muon neutrinos with the IceCube 59-string configuration

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Arguelles, C, Arlen, TC, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Classen, L, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, de André, JPAM, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Ismail, A Haj, Hallen, P, and Hallgren, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.HE
Abstract: A search for high-energy neutrinos was performed using data collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory from May 2009 to May 2010, when the array was running in its 59-string configuration. The data sample was optimized to contain muon neutrino induced events with a background contamination of atmospheric muons of less than 1%. These data, which are dominated by atmospheric neutrinos, are analyzed with a global likelihood fit to search for possible contributions of prompt atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos, neither of which have yet been identified. Such signals are expected to follow a harder energy spectrum than conventional atmospheric neutrinos. In addition, the zenith angle distribution differs for astrophysical and atmospheric signals. A global fit of the reconstructed energies and directions of observed events is performed, including possible neutrino flux contributions for an astrophysical signal and atmospheric backgrounds as well as systematic uncertainties of the experiment and theoretical predictions. The best fit yields an astrophysical signal flux for νμ+ν̄μ of E2·Φ(E)=0.25×10-8GeVcm-2s-1sr-1, and a zero prompt component. Although the sensitivity of this analysis for astrophysical neutrinos surpasses the Waxman and Bahcall upper bound, the experimental limit at 90% confidence level is a factor of 1.5 above at a flux of E2·Φ(E)=1.44×10-8GeVcm-2s-1sr-1. © 2014 American Physical Society.
Published: 2014

36. Search for time-independent neutrino emission from astrophysical sources with 3 yr of IceCube data

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, JB, Becker, KH, Benabderrahmane, ML, Benzvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AHC, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, De Vries, KD, De With, M, Deyoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, Ismail, AH, Hallen, P, Hallgren, A, and Halzen, F
Subjects: astroparticle physics, cosmic rays, neutrinos, telescopes, astro-ph.HE, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract: We present the results of a search for neutrino point sources using the IceCube data collected between 2008 April and 2011 May with three partially completed configurations of the detector: the 40-, 59-, and 79-string configurations. The live-time of this data set is 1040 days. An unbinned maximum likelihood ratio test was used to search for an excess of neutrinos above the atmospheric background at any given direction in the sky. By adding two more years of data with improved event selection and reconstruction techniques, the sensitivity was improved by a factor of 3.5 or more with respect to the previously published results obtained with the 40-string configuration of IceCube. We performed an all-sky survey and a dedicated search using a catalog of a priori selected objects observed by other telescopes. In both searches, the data are compatible with the background-only hypothesis. In the absence of evidence for a signal, we set upper limits on the flux of muon neutrinos. For an E -2 neutrino spectrum, the observed limits are (0.9-5) × 10-12 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 for energies between 1 TeV and 1 PeV in the northern sky and (0.9-23.2) × 10 -12 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 for energies between 102 TeV and 102 PeV in the southern sky. We also report upper limits for neutrino emission from groups of sources that were selected according to theoretical models or observational parameters and analyzed with a stacking approach. Some of the limits presented already reach the level necessary to quantitatively test current models of neutrino emission. © 2013. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Published: 2013

37. Probing the origin of cosmic rays with extremely high energy neutrinos using the IceCube Observatory

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Arguelles, C, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, KH, Benzvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, HP, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, De Vries, KD, De With, M, Deyoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Gretskov, P, Groh, JC, Groß, A, Ha, C, Haj Ismail, A, Hallen, P, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, Hanson, K, Heereman, D, and Heinen, D
Subjects: astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: We have searched for extremely high energy neutrinos using data taken with the IceCube detector between May 2010 and May 2012. Two neutrino-induced particle shower events with energies around 1 PeV were observed, as reported previously. In this work, we investigate whether these events could originate from cosmogenic neutrinos produced in the interactions of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays with ambient photons while propagating through intergalactic space. Exploiting IceCube's large exposure for extremely high energy neutrinos and the lack of observed events above 100 PeV, we can rule out the corresponding models at more than 90% confidence level. The model-independent quasidifferential 90% C.L. upper limit, which amounts to E2e+ν+ν=1.2×10-7 GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1 at 1 EeV, provides the most stringent constraint in the energy range from 10 PeV to 10 EeV. Our observation disfavors strong cosmological evolution of the highest energy cosmic-ray sources such as the Fanaroff-Riley type II class of radio galaxies. © 2013 American Physical Society.
Published: 2013

38. Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector

Author: Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Haj Ismail, A
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, IceCube Collaboration, astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, General Science & Technology
Abstract: We report on results of an all-sky search for high-energy neutrino events interacting within the IceCube neutrino detector conducted between May 2010 and May 2012. The search follows up on the previous detection of two PeV neutrino events, with improved sensitivity and extended energy coverage down to about 30 TeV. Twenty-six additional events were observed, substantially more than expected from atmospheric backgrounds. Combined, both searches reject a purely atmospheric origin for the 28 events at the 4σ level. These 28 events, which include the highest energy neutrinos ever observed, have flavors, directions, and energies inconsistent with those expected from the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. These properties are, however, consistent with generic predictions for an additional component of extraterrestrial origin.
Published: 2013

39. Evidence for high-energy extraterrestrial neutrinos at the IceCube detector.

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Becker Tjus, J, Becker, K-H, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Cruz Silva, AH, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Day, M, De Clercq, C, De Ridder, S, Desiati, P, de Vries, KD, de With, M, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eichmann, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, and Ha, C
Subjects: IceCube Collaboration, astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, General Science & Technology
Abstract: We report on results of an all-sky search for high-energy neutrino events interacting within the IceCube neutrino detector conducted between May 2010 and May 2012. The search follows up on the previous detection of two PeV neutrino events, with improved sensitivity and extended energy coverage down to about 30 TeV. Twenty-six additional events were observed, substantially more than expected from atmospheric backgrounds. Combined, both searches reject a purely atmospheric origin for the 28 events at the 4σ level. These 28 events, which include the highest energy neutrinos ever observed, have flavors, directions, and energies inconsistent with those expected from the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. These properties are, however, consistent with generic predictions for an additional component of extraterrestrial origin.
Published: 2013

40. Concepts relating magnetic interactions, intertwined electronic orders, and strongly correlated superconductivity

Author: Davis, JC Séamus and Lee, Dung-Hai
Subjects: Electric Conductivity, Electronics, Magnetics, Models, Theoretical, Temperature, high-Tc superconductivity, strong correlations, fermiology
Abstract: Unconventional superconductivity (SC) is said to occur when Cooper pair formation is dominated by repulsive electron-electron interactions, so that the symmetry of the pair wave function is other than an isotropic s-wave. The strong, on-site, repulsive electron-electron interactions that are the proximate cause of such SC are more typically drivers of commensurate magnetism. Indeed, it is the suppression of commensurate antiferromagnetism (AF) that usually allows this type of unconventional superconductivity to emerge. Importantly, however, intervening between these AF and SC phases, intertwined electronic ordered phases (IP) of an unexpected nature are frequently discovered. For this reason, it has been extremely difficult to distinguish the microscopic essence of the correlated superconductivity from the often spectacular phenomenology of the IPs. Here we introduce a model conceptual framework within which to understand the relationship between AF electron-electron interactions, IPs, and correlated SC. We demonstrate its effectiveness in simultaneously explaining the consequences of AF interactions for the copper-based, iron-based, and heavy-fermion superconductors, as well as for their quite distinct IPs.
Published: 2013

41. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory Part I: Point Source Searches

Author: Collaboration, IceCube, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Clercq, C De, Ridder, S De, Desiati, P, Vries, KD de, With, M de, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: astro-ph.HE
Abstract: Papers on point source searches submitted to the 33nd International CosmicRay Conference (Rio de Janeiro 2013) by the IceCube Collaboration.
Published: 2013

42. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory Part III: Cosmic Rays

Author: Collaboration, IceCube, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Clercq, C De, Ridder, S De, Desiati, P, Vries, KD de, With, M de, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: astro-ph.HE
Abstract: Papers on cosmic rays submitted to the 33nd International Cosmic RayConference (Rio de Janeiro 2013) by the IceCube Collaboration.
Published: 2013

43. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory Part IV: Searches for Dark Matter and Exotic Particles

Author: Collaboration, IceCube, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Clercq, C De, Ridder, S De, Desiati, P, Vries, KD de, With, M de, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: astro-ph.HE
Abstract: Papers on searches for Dark Matter and exotic particles submitted to the 33ndInternational Cosmic Ray Conference (Rio de Janeiro 2013) by the IceCubeCollaboration.
Published: 2013

44. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory Part VI: Ice Properties, Reconstruction and Future Developments

Author: Collaboration, IceCube, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Clercq, C De, Ridder, S De, Desiati, P, Vries, KD de, With, M de, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: astro-ph.HE
Abstract: Papers on ice properties, reconstruction and future developments submitted tothe 33nd International Cosmic Ray Conference (Rio de Janeiro 2013) by theIceCube Collaboration.
Published: 2013

45. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory Part II: Atmospheric and Diffuse UHE Neutrino Searches of All Flavors

Author: Collaboration, IceCube, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Clercq, C De, Ridder, S De, Desiati, P, Vries, KD de, With, M de, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: astro-ph.HE
Abstract: Papers on atmospheric and diffuse UHE neutrino searches of all flavorssubmitted to the 33nd International Cosmic Ray Conference (Rio de Janeiro 2013)by the IceCube Collaboration.
Published: 2013

46. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory Part V: Neutrino Oscillations and Supernova Searches

Author: Collaboration, IceCube, Aartsen, MG, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Ackermann, M, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Altmann, D, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Baum, V, Bay, R, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Tjus, J Becker, Becker, K-H, Bell, M, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bernhard, A, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Binder, G, Bindig, D, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Blumenthal, J, Boersma, DJ, Bohaichuk, S, Bohm, C, Bose, D, Böser, S, Botner, O, Brayeur, L, Bretz, H-P, Brown, AM, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Carson, M, Casey, J, Casier, M, Chirkin, D, Christov, A, Christy, B, Clark, K, Clevermann, F, Coenders, S, Cohen, S, Cowen, DF, Silva, AH Cruz, Danninger, M, Daughhetee, J, Davis, JC, Clercq, C De, Ridder, S De, Desiati, P, Vries, KD de, With, M de, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dunkman, M, Eagan, R, Eberhardt, B, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Fedynitch, A, Feintzeig, J, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Fischer-Wasels, T, Flis, S, Franckowiak, A, Frantzen, K, Fuchs, T, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Golup, G, Gonzalez, JG, Goodman, JA, Góra, D, Grandmont, DT, Grant, D, Groß, A, Ha, C, and Ismail, A Haj
Subjects: astro-ph.HE
Abstract: Papers on neutrino oscillation and supernova searches submitted to the 33ndInternational Cosmic Ray Conference (Rio de Janeiro 2013) by the IceCubeCollaboration.
Published: 2013

47. Search for relativistic magnetic monopoles with the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope

Author: The IceCube Collaboration, Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Abu-Zayyad, T, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Andeen, K, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Bay, R, Bazo Alba, JL, Beattie, K, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Becker, JK, Becker, K-H, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berdermann, J, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Böser, S, Botner, O, Bradley, L, Braun, J, Buitink, S, Carson, M, Chirkin, D, Christy, B, Clem, J, Clevermann, F, Cohen, S, Colnard, C, Cowen, DF, D’Agostino, MV, Danninger, M, Davis, JC, De Clercq, C, Demirörs, L, Depaepe, O, Descamps, F, Desiati, P, de Vries-Uiterweerd, G, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dierckxsens, M, Dreyer, J, Dumm, JP, Duvoort, MR, Ehrlich, R, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Engdegård, O, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Foerster, MM, Fox, BD, Franckowiak, A, Franke, R, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Geisler, M, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Goodman, JA, Grant, D, Griesel, T, Groß, A, Grullon, S, Gurtner, M, Ha, C, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, Han, K, Hanson, K, Helbing, K, Herquet, P, Hickford, S, Hill, GC, Hoffman, KD, Homeier, A, Hoshina, K, and Hubert, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: We present the search for Cherenkov signatures from relativistic magnetic monopoles in data taken with the AMANDA-II detector, a neutrino telescope deployed in the Antarctic ice cap at the Geographic South Pole. The non-observation of a monopole signal in data collected during the year 2000 improves present experimental limits on the flux of relativistic magnetic monopoles: Our flux limit varies between 3.8 × 10-17 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 (for monopoles moving at the vacuum speed of light) and 8.8 × 10-16 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 (for monopoles moving at a speed β=v/c=0.76, just above the Cherenkov threshold in ice). These limits apply to monopoles that are energetic enough to penetrate the Earth and enter the detector from below the horizon. The limit obtained for monopoles reaching the detector from above the horizon is less stringent by roughly an order of magnitude, due to the much larger background from down-going atmospheric muons. This looser limit is however valid for a larger class of magnetic monopoles, since the monopoles are not required to pass through the Earth. © 2010 The Author(s).
Published: 2010

48. Search for relativistic magnetic monopoles with the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope: The IceCube Collaboration

Author: Abbasi, R, Abdou, Y, Abu-Zayyad, T, Adams, J, Aguilar, JA, Ahlers, M, Andeen, K, Auffenberg, J, Bai, X, Baker, M, Barwick, SW, Bay, R, Bazo Alba, JL, Beattie, K, Beatty, JJ, Bechet, S, Becker, JK, Becker, KH, Benabderrahmane, ML, BenZvi, S, Berdermann, J, Berghaus, P, Berley, D, Bernardini, E, Bertrand, D, Besson, DZ, Bissok, M, Blaufuss, E, Boersma, DJ, Bohm, C, Böser, S, Botner, O, Bradley, L, Braun, J, Buitink, S, Carson, M, Chirkin, D, Christy, B, Clem, J, Clevermann, F, Cohen, S, Colnard, C, Cowen, DF, D'Agostino, MV, Danninger, M, Davis, JC, de Clercq, C, Demirörs, L, Depaepe, O, Descamps, F, Desiati, P, de Vries-Uiterweerd, G, DeYoung, T, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dierckxsens, M, Dreyer, J, Dumm, JP, Duvoort, MR, Ehrlich, R, Eisch, J, Ellsworth, RW, Engdegård, O, Euler, S, Evenson, PA, Fadiran, O, Fazely, AR, Feusels, T, Filimonov, K, Finley, C, Foerster, MM, Fox, BD, Franckowiak, A, Franke, R, Gaisser, TK, Gallagher, J, Geisler, M, Gerhardt, L, Gladstone, L, Glüsenkamp, T, Goldschmidt, A, Goodman, JA, Grant, D, Griesel, T, Groß, A, Grullon, S, Gurtner, M, Ha, C, Hallgren, A, Halzen, F, Han, K, Hanson, K, Helbing, K, Herquet, P, Hickford, S, Hill, GC, Hoffman, KD, Homeier, A, Hoshina, K, Hubert, D, and Huelsnitz, W
Subjects: Nuclear & Particles Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We present the search for Cherenkov signatures from relativistic magnetic monopoles in data taken with the AMANDA-II detector, a neutrino telescope deployed in the Antarctic ice cap at the Geographic South Pole. The non-observation of a monopole signal in data collected during the year 2000 improves present experimental limits on the flux of relativistic magnetic monopoles: Our flux limit varies between 3.8 × 10-17 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 (for monopoles moving at the vacuum speed of light) and 8.8 × 10-16 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 (for monopoles moving at a speed β=v/c=0.76, just above the Cherenkov threshold in ice). These limits apply to monopoles that are energetic enough to penetrate the Earth and enter the detector from below the horizon. The limit obtained for monopoles reaching the detector from above the horizon is less stringent by roughly an order of magnitude, due to the much larger background from down-going atmospheric muons. This looser limit is however valid for a larger class of magnetic monopoles, since the monopoles are not required to pass through the Earth. © 2010 The Author(s).
Published: 2010

49. Progress in AMS Measurements at the LLNL Spectrometer

Author: Southon, JR, Vogel, JS, Trumbore, SE, Davis, JC, Roberts, ML, Caffee, MW, Finkel, RC, Proctor, ID, Heikkinen, DW, Berno, AJ, and Hornady, RS
Subjects: Paleontology, Geochemistry, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Archaeology
Abstract: We report on the present status of the Lawrence Livermore AMS spectrometer, including sample throughput and progress towards routine 1% measurement capability for 14C, first results on other isotopes and experience with a multisample high-intensity ion source.
Published: 1992

50. Detection of a Pair Density Wave State in UTe2

Author: Gu, Qiangqiang, primary, Carroll, Joseph, additional, Wang, Shuqiu, additional, Ran, Sheng, additional, Broyles, Christopher, additional, Siddiquee, Hasan, additional, Butch, Nicholas, additional, Saha, Shanta, additional, Paglione, Johnpierre, additional, Davis, JC Seamus, additional, and Liu, Xiaolong, additional
Published: 2022
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