1,896 results on '"Davies, Neil"'
Search Results
2. Biodiversity Research on Coral Reef and Island Ecosystems: Scientific Cooperation in the Pacific Region
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Tsuchiya, Makoto, Galzin, René, and Davies, Neil
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- 2017
3. Algebraic Reasoning About Timeliness
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Haeri, Seyed Hossein, Thompson, Peter W., Van Roy, Peter, Haveraaen, Magne, Davies, Neil J., Barash, Mikhail, Hammond, Kevin, and Chapman, James
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Computer Science - Performance ,Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,B.8.2 ,C.4 ,D.2.4 ,D.2.8 ,F.3.2 ,F.3.1 ,F.4.1 ,F.4.3 ,I.1.1 - Abstract
Designing distributed systems to have predictable performance under high load is difficult because of resource exhaustion, non-linearity, and stochastic behaviour. Timeliness, i.e., delivering results within defined time bounds, is a central aspect of predictable performance. In this paper, we focus on timeliness using the DELTA-Q Systems Development paradigm (DELTA-QSD, developed by PNSol), which computes timeliness by modelling systems observationally using so-called outcome expressions. An outcome expression is a compositional definition of a system's observed behaviour in terms of its basic operations. Given the behaviour of the basic operations, DELTA-QSD efficiently computes the stochastic behaviour of the whole system including its timeliness. This paper formally proves useful algebraic properties of outcome expressions w.r.t. timeliness. We prove the different algebraic structures the set of outcome expressions form with the different DELTA-QSD operators and demonstrate why those operators do not form richer structures. We prove or disprove the set of all possible distributivity results on outcome expressions. On our way for disproving 8 of those distributivity results, we develop a technique called properisation, which gives rise to the first body of maths for improper random variables. Finally, we also prove 14 equivalences that have been used in the past in the practice of DELTA-QSD. An immediate benefit is rewrite rules that can be used for design exploration under established timeliness equivalence. This work is part of an ongoing project to disseminate and build tool support for DELTA-QSD. The ability to rewrite outcome expressions is essential for efficient tool support., Comment: In Proceedings ICE 2023, arXiv:2308.08920
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- 2023
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4. Author Correction: Trans-ancestral genome-wide association study of longitudinal pubertal height growth and shared heritability with adult health outcomes
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Bradfeld, Jonathan P., Kember, Rachel L., Ulrich, Anna, Balkhiyarova, Zhanna, Alyass, Akram, Aris, Izzuddin M., Bell, Joshua A., Broadaway, K. Alaine, Chen, Zhanghua, Chai, Jin-Fang, Davies, Neil M., Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar, Bustamante, Mariona, Fore, Ruby, Ganguli, Amitavo, Heiskala, Anni, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Íñiguez, Carmen, Kobes, Sayuko, Leinonen, Jaakko, Lowry, Estelle, Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka, Mahajan, Anubha, Pitkänen, Niina, Schnurr, Theresia M., Have, Christian Theil, Strachan, David P., Thiering, Elisabeth, Vogelezang, Suzanne, Wade, Kaitlin H., Wang, Carol A., Wong, Andrew, Holm, Louise Aas, Chesi, Alessandra, Choong, Catherine, Cruz, Miguel, Elliott, Paul, Franks, Steve, Frithiof-Bøjsøe, Christine, Gauderman, W. James, Glessner, Joseph T., Gilsanz, Vicente, Griesman, Kendra, Hanson, Robert L., Kaakinen, Marika, Kalkwarf, Heidi, Kelly, Andrea, Kindler, Joseph, Kähönen, Mika, Lanca, Carla, Lappe, Joan, Lee, Nanette R., McCormack, Shana, Mentch, Frank D., Mitchell, Jonathan A., Mononen, Nina, Niinikoski, Harri, Oken, Emily, Pahkala, Katja, Sim, Xueling, Teo, Yik-Ying, Baier, Leslie J., van Beijsterveldt, Toos, Adair, Linda S., Boomsma, Dorret I., de Geus, Eco, Guxens, Mònica, Eriksson, Johan G., Felix, Janine F., Gilliland, Frank D., Hansen, Torben, Hardy, Rebecca, Hivert, Marie-France, Holm, Jens-Christian, Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Lehtimäki, Terho, Mackey, David A., Meyre, David, Mohlke, Karen L., Mykkänen, Juha, Oberfeld, Sharon, Pennell, Craig E., Perry, John R. B., Raitakari, Olli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Saw, Seang-Mei, Sebert, Sylvain, Shepherd, John A., Standl, Marie, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Timpson, Nicholas J., Torrent, Maties, Willemsen, Gonneke, Hypponen, Elina, Power, Chris, McCarthy, Mark I., Freathy, Rachel M., Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Prokopenko, Inga, Voight, Benjamin F., Zemel, Babette S., Grant, Struan F. A., and Cousminer, Diana L.
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- 2024
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5. Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
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Askelund, Adrian Dahl, Wootton, Robyn E., Torvik, Fartein A., Lawn, Rebecca B., Ask, Helga, Corfield, Elizabeth C., Magnus, Maria C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted, Magnus, Per M., Andreassen, Ole A., Stoltenberg, Camilla, Davey Smith, George, Davies, Neil M., Havdahl, Alexandra, and Hannigan, Laurie J.
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- 2024
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6. Genetic associations of risk behaviours and educational achievement
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Arellano Spano, Michelle, Morris, Tim T., Davies, Neil M., and Hughes, Amanda
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- 2024
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7. Trans-ancestral genome-wide association study of longitudinal pubertal height growth and shared heritability with adult health outcomes
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Bradfield, Jonathan P., Kember, Rachel L., Ulrich, Anna, Balkhiyarova, Zhanna, Alyass, Akram, Aris, Izzuddin M., Bell, Joshua A., Broadaway, K. Alaine, Chen, Zhanghua, Chai, Jin-Fang, Davies, Neil M., Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar, Bustamante, Mariona, Fore, Ruby, Ganguli, Amitavo, Heiskala, Anni, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Íñiguez, Carmen, Kobes, Sayuko, Leinonen, Jaakko, Lowry, Estelle, Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka, Mahajan, Anubha, Pitkänen, Niina, Schnurr, Theresia M., Have, Christian Theil, Strachan, David P., Thiering, Elisabeth, Vogelezang, Suzanne, Wade, Kaitlin H., Wang, Carol A., Wong, Andrew, Holm, Louise Aas, Chesi, Alessandra, Choong, Catherine, Cruz, Miguel, Elliott, Paul, Franks, Steve, Frithioff-Bøjsøe, Christine, Gauderman, W. James, Glessner, Joseph T., Gilsanz, Vicente, Griesman, Kendra, Hanson, Robert L., Kaakinen, Marika, Kalkwarf, Heidi, Kelly, Andrea, Kindler, Joseph, Kähönen, Mika, Lanca, Carla, Lappe, Joan, Lee, Nanette R., McCormack, Shana, Mentch, Frank D., Mitchell, Jonathan A., Mononen, Nina, Niinikoski, Harri, Oken, Emily, Pahkala, Katja, Sim, Xueling, Teo, Yik-Ying, Baier, Leslie J., van Beijsterveldt, Toos, Adair, Linda S., Boomsma, Dorret I., de Geus, Eco, Guxens, Mònica, Eriksson, Johan G., Felix, Janine F., Gilliland, Frank D., Biobank, Penn Medicine, Hansen, Torben, Hardy, Rebecca, Hivert, Marie-France, Holm, Jens-Christian, Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Lehtimäki, Terho, Mackey, David A., Meyre, David, Mohlke, Karen L., Mykkänen, Juha, Oberfield, Sharon, Pennell, Craig E., Perry, John R. B., Raitakari, Olli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Saw, Seang-Mei, Sebert, Sylvain, Shepherd, John A., Standl, Marie, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Timpson, Nicholas J., Torrent, Maties, Willemsen, Gonneke, Hypponen, Elina, Power, Chris, McCarthy, Mark I., Freathy, Rachel M., Widén, Elisabeth, Hakonarson, Hakon, Prokopenko, Inga, Voight, Benjamin F., Zemel, Babette S., Grant, Struan F. A., and Cousminer, Diana L.
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- 2024
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8. Invasion of French Polynesia by the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): A New Threat to the South Pacific
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Grandgirard, Julie, Hoddle, Mark S, Roderick, George K, Petit, Jerome N, Percy, Diana, Putoa, Rudolph, Garnier, Charles L, and Davies, Neil
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- 2006
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9. FAIR Island: real-world examples of place-based open science.
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Robinson, Erin, Buys, Matthew, Chodacki, John, Garzas, Kristian, Monfort, Steven, Nancarrow, Catherine, Praetzellis, Maria, Riley, Brian, Wimalaratne, Sarala, and Davies, Neil
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CARE Principles ,FAIR Principles ,data management plans ,data policy ,place-based research ,research data infrastructure ,Humans ,Research ,Science - Abstract
The relationship between people, place, and data presents challenges and opportunities for science and society. While there has been general enthusiasm for and work toward Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) data for open science, only more recently have these data-centric principles been extended into dimensions important to people and place-notably, the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance, which affect collective benefit, authority to control, responsibility, and ethics. The FAIR Island project seeks to translate these ideals into practice, leveraging the institutional infrastructure provided by scientific field stations. Starting with field stations in French Polynesia as key use cases that are exceptionally well connected to international research networks, FAIR Island builds interoperability between different components of critical research infrastructure, helping connect these to societal benefit areas. The goal is not only to increase reuse of scientific data and the awareness of work happening at the field stations but more generally to accelerate place-based research for sustainable development. FAIR Island works reflexively, aiming to scale horizontally through networks of field stations and to serve as a model for other sites of intensive long-term scientific study.
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- 2023
10. Micromechanical homogenization of a hydrogel-filled electrospun scaffold for tissue-engineered epicardial patching of the infarcted heart: a feasibility study
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Sack, Kevin L., Mandel, Nicolas, Pugno, Nicola M., Bezuidenhout, Deon, Limbert, Georges, Moscato, Francesco, Davies, Neil H., Franz, Thomas, and Abdalrahman, Tamer
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- 2023
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11. How to estimate heritability, a guide for epidemiologists
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Barry, Ciarrah-Jane S, Walker, Venexia M, Cheesman, Rosa C G, Smith, George Davey, Morris, Tim T, and Davies, Neil M
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Statistics - Applications ,Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Traditionally, heritability has been estimated using family-based methods such as twin studies. Advancements in molecular genomics have facilitated the development of alternative methods that utilise large samples of unrelated or related individuals. Yet, specific challenges persist in the estimation of heritability such as epistasis, assortative mating and indirect genetic effects. Here, we provide an overview of common methods applied in genetic epidemiology to estimate heritability i.e., the proportion of phenotypic variation explained by genetic variation. We provide a guide to key genetic concepts required to understand heritability estimation methods from family-based designs (twin and family studies), genomic designs based on unrelated individuals (LD score regression, GREML), and family-based genomic designs (Sibling regression, GREML-KIN, Trio-GCTA, MGCTA, RDR). For each method, we describe how heritability is estimated, the assumptions underlying its estimation, and discuss the implications when these assumptions are not met. We further discuss the benefits and limitations of estimating heritability within samples of unrelated individuals compared to samples of related individuals. Overall, this article is intended to help the reader determine the circumstances when each method would be appropriate and why., Comment: 45 pages, 4 figures
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- 2021
12. A Lower Bound on Latency Spikes for Capacity-Seeking Network Traffic
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Teigen, Bjørn Ivar, Davies, Neil, Ellefsen, Kai Olav, Skeie, Tor, Grazia, Carlo Augusto, and Torresen, Jim
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Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,C.2.2 - Abstract
Most Internet traffic is carried by capacity-seeking protocols such as TCP and QUIC. Capacity-seeking protocols probe to find the maximum available throughput from sender to receiver, and, once they converge, attempt to keep sending traffic at this maximum rate. Achieving reliable low latency with capacity-seeking end-to-end methods is not yet entirely solved. We contribute a theoretical analysis to this ongoing discussion. In this work, we derive an expression for the minimum size of the spike in latency caused by a sudden drop in network capacity. Our results highlight a quantifiable and fundamental constraint on capacity-seeking network traffic. When end-to-end capacity is suddenly reduced, capacity-seeking traffic inevitably produces a latency spike. A lower bound on this latency spike can be calculated by multiplying the round-trip delay from the network bottleneck to the source of capacity-seeking traffic by the magnitude of the end-to-end capacity reduction. Testbed experiments show that this bound holds for the DCTCP, BBR, and Cubic congestion control algorithms. Our results have implications for the design of low-latency PHY and MAC-layer technologies because we quantify an important transport-layer consequence of unstable traffic rates.
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- 2021
13. The USS Trustee's risky strategy
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Davies, Neil M, Grant, Jackie, and Shapland, Chin Yang
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Quantitative Finance - Statistical Finance ,Economics - General Economics - Abstract
How much risk, and what types of risk, is the Universities Superannuation Scheme (USS) taking? This is a critical question for universities across the UK and many of their employees. Will the fund have enough money to pay for all our pensions? Will it run out? Or is there a significant risk that we are collectively overpaying? In September 2021, David Miles and James Sefton, from Imperial College Business School, stepped into this vacuum, publishing 'How much risk is the USS taking?'. The paper presents important, accessible and highly readable analysis which estimates how likely the USS is to default over time. Their work is particularly relevant to the current UCU dispute with 69 employers over the benefit cuts that Universities UK (UUK) is planning to implement on the basis of the 2020 USS valuation. In this Brief, we assess the assumptions, replicate the results, explore further their model and consider potential extensions. We demonstrate that for a cautious model with reasonable assumptions for assets and asset growth, the fund has a less than 7% chance of defaulting for the duration that pensions promises are due, but a greater than 80% chance of being over funded by at least {\pounds}100bn, and nearly 50% chance of having over {\pounds}400bn. We offer warm thanks to David Miles and James Sefton for sharing their code and data, for their helpful conversations and clarification. Their analysis is infinitely clearer, better and more credible than anything the USS has produced. We hope this paper will be the beginning of more work in this area. All errors are our own.
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- 2021
14. Within-sibship genome-wide association analyses decrease bias in estimates of direct genetic effects
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Howe, Laurence J, Nivard, Michel G, Morris, Tim T, Hansen, Ailin F, Rasheed, Humaira, Cho, Yoonsu, Chittoor, Geetha, Ahlskog, Rafael, Lind, Penelope A, Palviainen, Teemu, van der Zee, Matthijs D, Cheesman, Rosa, Mangino, Massimo, Wang, Yunzhang, Li, Shuai, Klaric, Lucija, Ratliff, Scott M, Bielak, Lawrence F, Nygaard, Marianne, Giannelis, Alexandros, Willoughby, Emily A, Reynolds, Chandra A, Balbona, Jared V, Andreassen, Ole A, Ask, Helga, Baras, Aris, Bauer, Christopher R, Boomsma, Dorret I, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Harry, Chen, Zhengming, Christofidou, Paraskevi, Corfield, Elizabeth, Dahm, Christina C, Dokuru, Deepika R, Evans, Luke M, de Geus, Eco JC, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Gordon, Scott D, Harden, K Paige, Hill, W David, Hughes, Amanda, Kerr, Shona M, Kim, Yongkang, Kweon, Hyeokmoon, Latvala, Antti, Lawlor, Deborah A, Li, Liming, Lin, Kuang, Magnus, Per, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Mallard, Travis T, Martikainen, Pekka, Mills, Melinda C, Njølstad, Pål Rasmus, Overton, John D, Pedersen, Nancy L, Porteous, David J, Reid, Jeffrey, Silventoinen, Karri, Southey, Melissa C, Stoltenberg, Camilla, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M, Wright, Margaret J, Hewitt, John K, Keller, Matthew C, Stallings, Michael C, Lee, James J, Christensen, Kaare, Kardia, Sharon LR, Peyser, Patricia A, Smith, Jennifer A, Wilson, James F, Hopper, John L, Hägg, Sara, Spector, Tim D, Pingault, Jean-Baptiste, Plomin, Robert, Havdahl, Alexandra, Bartels, Meike, Martin, Nicholas G, Oskarsson, Sven, Justice, Anne E, Millwood, Iona Y, Hveem, Kristian, Naess, Øyvind, Willer, Cristen J, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Koellinger, Philipp D, Kaprio, Jaakko, Medland, Sarah E, Walters, Robin G, Benjamin, Daniel J, Turley, Patrick, Evans, David M, Davey Smith, George, Hayward, Caroline, Brumpton, Ben, Hemani, Gibran, and Davies, Neil M
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Human Genome ,Genetics ,Pediatric ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Mental health ,Generic health relevance ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,Mendelian Randomization Analysis ,Multifactorial Inheritance ,Phenotype ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Social Science Genetic Association Consortium ,Within Family Consortium ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Estimates from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of unrelated individuals capture effects of inherited variation (direct effects), demography (population stratification, assortative mating) and relatives (indirect genetic effects). Family-based GWAS designs can control for demographic and indirect genetic effects, but large-scale family datasets have been lacking. We combined data from 178,086 siblings from 19 cohorts to generate population (between-family) and within-sibship (within-family) GWAS estimates for 25 phenotypes. Within-sibship GWAS estimates were smaller than population estimates for height, educational attainment, age at first birth, number of children, cognitive ability, depressive symptoms and smoking. Some differences were observed in downstream SNP heritability, genetic correlations and Mendelian randomization analyses. For example, the within-sibship genetic correlation between educational attainment and body mass index attenuated towards zero. In contrast, analyses of most molecular phenotypes (for example, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) were generally consistent. We also found within-sibship evidence of polygenic adaptation on taller height. Here, we illustrate the importance of family-based GWAS data for phenotypes influenced by demographic and indirect genetic effects.
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- 2022
15. Homogeneity in the instrument-treatment association is not sufficient for the Wald estimand to equal the average causal effect for a binary instrument and a continuous exposure
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Hartwig, Fernando Pires, Wang, Linbo, Smith, George Davey, and Davies, Neil Martin
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Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Background: Interpreting instrumental variable results often requires further assumptions in addition to the core assumptions of relevance, independence, and the exclusion restriction. Methods: We assess whether instrument-exposure additive homogeneity renders the Wald estimand equal to the average derivative effect (ADE) in the case of a binary instrument and a continuous exposure. Results: Instrument-exposure additive homogeneity is insufficient for ADE identification when the instrument is binary, the exposure is continuous and the effect of the exposure on the outcome is non-linear on the additive scale. For a binary exposure, the exposure-outcome effect is necessarily additive linear, so the homogeneity condition is sufficient. Conclusions: For binary instruments, instrument-exposure additive homogeneity identifies the ADE if the exposure is also binary. Otherwise, additional assumptions (such as additive linearity of the exposure-outcome effect) are required.
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- 2021
16. Interactions between vegetation and river morphodynamics. Part I: Research clarifications and challenges
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Corenblit, Dov, Piégay, Hervé, Arrignon, Florent, González-Sargas, Eduardo, Bonis, Anne, Davies, Neil S., Ebengo, Dav M., Garófano-Gómez, Virginia, Gurnell, Angela M., Henry, Annie L., Hortobágyi, Borbála, Martínez-Capel, Francisco, Steiger, Johannes, Tabacchi, Eric, Tooth, Stephen, Vautier, Franck, and Walcker, Romain
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- 2024
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17. Quantifying the causal impact of biological risk factors on healthcare costs
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Lee, Jiwoo, Jukarainen, Sakari, Karvanen, Antti, Dixon, Padraig, Davies, Neil M., Smith, George Davey, Natarajan, Pradeep, and Ganna, Andrea
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- 2023
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18. Changes in the wild vascular flora of Tiritiri Matangi Island, 1978-2010
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Cameron, E. K. and Davies, Neil C.
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- 2013
19. Island Digital Ecosystem Avatars (IDEA) Consortium: Infrastructure for Democratic Ecological Action
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Davies, Neil, Walsh, Stephen J., Series Editor, Mena, Carlos F., Series Editor, Stewart, Jill R., editor, and Muñoz Pérez, Juan Pablo, editor
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- 2023
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20. Mathematical model of mechano-sensing and mechanically induced collective motility of cells on planar elastic substrates
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Ahmed, Riham K., Abdalrahman, Tamer, Davies, Neil H., Vermolen, Fred, and Franz, Thomas
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- 2023
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21. Genetic nurture versus genetic transmission of risk for ADHD traits in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
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Pingault, Jean-Baptiste, Barkhuizen, Wikus, Wang, Biyao, Hannigan, Laurie J., Eilertsen, Espen Moen, Corfield, Elizabeth, Andreassen, Ole A., Ask, Helga, Tesli, Martin, Askeland, Ragna Bugge, Davey Smith, George, Stoltenberg, Camilla, Davies, Neil M., Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted, Ystrom, Eivind, and Havdahl, Alexandra
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- 2023
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22. Rethinking atoll futures: local resilience to global challenges
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Steibl, Sebastian, Kench, Paul S., Young, Hillary S., Wegmann, Alex S., Holmes, Nick D., Bunbury, Nancy, Teavai-Murphy, Teurumereariki Hinano, Davies, Neil, Murphy, Frank, and Russell, James C.
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- 2024
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23. A Possible Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem Avatar: the Moorea case (IDEA)
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Barriot, Jean-Pierre, Davies, Neil, Stoll, Benoît, Chabrier, Sébastien, and Gabillon, Alban
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Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems ,Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods - Abstract
High-throughput data collection techniques and largescale (cloud) computing are transforming our understanding of ecosystems at all scales by allowing the integration of multimodal data such as physics, chemistry, biology, ecology, fishing, economics and other social sciences in a common computational framework. We focus in this paper on a large scale data assimilation and prediction backbone based on Deep Stacking Networks (DSN) in the frame of the IDEA (Island Digital Ecosystem Avatars) project (Moorea Island), based on the subdivision of the island in watersheds and lagoon units. We also describe several kinds of raw data that can train and constrain such an ecosystem avatar model, as well as second level data such as ecological or physical indexes / indicators., Comment: Paper presented at the 10th Indo-Pacific Fish Conference, Tahiti, 2-6 October 2017, http://ipfc10.sciencesconf.org
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- 2021
24. A Model of WiFi Performance With Bounded Latency
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Teigen, Bjørn Ivar, Davies, Neil, Ellefsen, Kai Olav, Skeie, Tor, and Torresen, Jim
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Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,Computer Science - Performance ,C.2.2 ,C.2.5 ,C.4 - Abstract
In September 2020, the Broadband Forum published a new industry standard for measuring network quality. The standard centers on the notion of quality attenuation. Quality attenuation is a measure of the distribution of latency and packet loss between two points connected by a network path. A vital feature of the quality attenuation idea is that we can express detailed application requirements and network performance measurements in the same mathematical framework. Performance requirements and measurements are both modeled as latency distributions. To the best of our knowledge, existing models of the 802.11 WiFi protocol do not permit the calculation of complete latency distributions without assuming steady-state operation. We present a novel model of the WiFi protocol. Instead of computing throughput numbers from a steady-state analysis of a Markov chain, we explicitly model latency and packet loss. Explicitly modeling latency and loss allows for both transient and steady-state analysis of latency distributions, and we can derive throughput numbers from the latency results. Our model is, therefore, more general than the standard Markov chain methods. We reproduce several known results with this method. Using transient analysis, we derive bounds on WiFi throughput under the requirement that latency and packet loss must be bounded., Comment: 12 pages, 19 figures, Submitted for review to SIGCOMM 2021
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- 2021
25. Energy performance assessment of Sea Water Air Conditioning (SWAC) as a solution toward net zero carbon emissions: A case study in French Polynesia
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Sanjivy, Kanhan, Marc, Olivier, Davies, Neil, and Lucas, Franck
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- 2023
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26. Ichnology of a Middle Devonian regression: Environment, terrestrialization and true substrate controls on trace fossils of the Hangman Sandstone Formation, SW England
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Davies, Neil S., McMahon, William J., Shillito, Anthony P., Veenma, Yorick P., and Craig, James A.
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- 2023
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27. Biogeomorphology of Ireland's oldest fossil forest: Plant-sediment and plant-animal interactions recorded in the Late Devonian Harrylock Formation, Co. Wexford
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Veenma, Yorick P., Davies, Neil S., Higgs, Kenneth T., and McMahon, William J.
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- 2023
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28. Island Digital Ecosystem Avatars (IDEA) Consortium: Infrastructure for Democratic Ecological Action
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Davies, Neil, primary
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- 2023
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29. Antidepressants in pregnancy: applying causal epidemiological methods to understand service-use outcomes in women and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in exposed children
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Heuvelman Hein, Davies Neil M, Ben-Shlomo Yoav, Emond Alan, Evans Jonathan, Gunnell David, Liebling Rachel, Morris Richard, Payne Rupert, Storey Claire, Viner Maria, and Rai Dheeraj
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humans ,child ,cohort studies ,female ,pregnancy ,united kingdom ,patient admission ,mothers ,depression ,depressive disorder, major ,outpatients ,pregnancy outcome ,pregnant women ,live birth ,secondary care ,inpatients ,attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity ,intellectual disability ,propensity score ,autism spectrum disorder ,autistic disorder ,follow-up studies ,mental health ,antidepressive agents ,self-injurious behavior ,medical records ,primary health care ,emergency service, hospital ,hospitals ,prescriptions ,receptors, serotonin ,socioeconomic factors ,confidence intervals ,regression analysis ,referral and consultation ,delivery of health care ,cognition ,decision making ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Background Antidepressants are commonly prescribed during pregnancy, despite a lack of evidence from randomised trials on the benefits or risks. Some studies have reported associations of antidepressants during pregnancy with adverse offspring neurodevelopment, but whether or not such associations are causal is unclear. Objectives To study the associations of antidepressants for depression in pregnancy with outcomes using multiple methods to strengthen causal inference. Design This was an observational cohort design using multiple methods to strengthen causal inference, including multivariable regression, propensity score matching, instrumental variable analysis, negative control exposures, comparison across indications and exposure discordant pregnancies analysis. Setting This took place in UK general practice. Participants Participants were pregnant women with depression. Interventions The interventions were initiation of antidepressants in pregnancy compared with no initiation, and continuation of antidepressants in pregnancy compared with discontinuation. Main outcome measures The maternal outcome measures were the use of primary care and secondary mental health services during pregnancy, and during four 6-month follow-up periods up to 24 months after pregnancy, and antidepressant prescription status 24 months following pregnancy. The child outcome measures were diagnosis of autism, diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability. Data sources UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Results Data on 80,103 pregnancies were used to study maternal primary care outcomes and were linked to 34,274 children with at least 4-year follow-up for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Women who initiated or continued antidepressants during pregnancy were more likely to have contact with primary and secondary health-care services during and after pregnancy and more likely to be prescribed an antidepressant 2 years following the end of pregnancy than women who did not initiate or continue antidepressants during pregnancy (odds ratioinitiation 2.16, 95% confidence interval 1.95 to 2.39; odds ratiocontinuation 2.40, 95% confidence interval 2.27 to 2.53). There was little evidence for any substantial association with autism (odds ratiomultivariableregression 1.10, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.35; odds ratiopropensityscore 1.06, 95% confidence interval 0.84 to 1.32), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (odds ratiomultivariableregression 1.02, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 1.29; odds ratiopropensityscore 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 1.25) or intellectual disability (odds ratiomultivariableregression 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 1.19; odds ratiopropensityscore 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 1.31) in children of women who continued antidepressants compared with those who discontinued antidepressants. There was inconsistent evidence of an association between initiation of antidepressants in pregnancy and diagnosis of autism in offspring (odds ratiomultivariableregression 1.23, 95% confidence interval 0.85 to 1.78; odds ratiopropensityscore 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 2.66) but not attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or intellectual disability; however, but results were imprecise owing to smaller numbers. Limitations Several causal-inference analyses lacked precision owing to limited numbers. In addition, adherence to the prescribed treatment was not measured. Conclusions Women prescribed antidepressants during pregnancy had greater service use during and after pregnancy than those not prescribed antidepressants. The evidence against any substantial association with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or intellectual disability in the children of women who continued compared with those who discontinued antidepressants in pregnancy is reassuring. Potential association of initiation of antidepressants during pregnancy with offspring autism needs further investigation. Future work Further research on larger samples could increase the robustness and precision of these findings. These methods applied could be a template for future pharmaco-epidemiological investigation of other pregnancy-related prescribing safety concerns. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (15/80/19) and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 27, No. 15. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Plain language summary About one in seven women experience depression during pregnancy. Left untreated, this may harm them and their unborn babies. However, the decision to take antidepressants during pregnancy is difficult because women often worry about the risks to their unborn baby. Research findings have been inconsistent, so women often do not have clear information to enable them to make informed decisions. We studied women’s and children’s outcomes after starting (compared with not starting) or continuing (compared with stopping) antidepressants in pregnancy. We used a large UK primary care database and several novel methods of analysis. We tracked 80,103 pregnancies of women with depression for up to 2 years after pregnancy. We also tracked 34,274 children from these pregnancies for at least 4 years to check for developmental outcomes. Women prescribed antidepressants were more likely than women not prescribed antidepressants to use general practice and mental health services during and after pregnancy, and to be prescribed antidepressants 2 years after pregnancy. This suggests that antidepressants were being prescribed to women with greater clinical need. Women who continued antidepressants in pregnancy had no higher likelihood than those who discontinued antidepressants of autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or intellectual disability in their children. This should reassure women making the decision to continue taking their medications in pregnancy. Women who started antidepressants in pregnancy may possibly have had a slightly higher likelihood of autism in their children than those who did not start them. These findings were not seen in all analyses and were based on smaller numbers; therefore, they should be viewed with caution. Importantly, over 98 in every 100 children of women who initiated or continued antidepressants in pregnancy did not receive an autism diagnosis. The findings may help women and clinicians make informed decisions on treatment with antidepressants in pregnancy. Scientific summary Background Depression is common in women of childbearing age and up to one in seven women experience depression during pregnancy. Untreated depression may have serious consequences, such as distress, self-neglect and suicidal behaviour, in affected women and birth complications in their babies. Many women with depression may, therefore, encounter a situation in which they need to decide whether to start or continue an antidepressant during their pregnancy; however, the potential for resulting harm to the neurodevelopment of their offspring is a common concern. In the absence of randomised controlled trials, the information available to guide these decisions is based on observational data, which are subject to confounding. Given that maternal depression may itself lead to adverse outcomes, isolating any effect of antidepressants from the underlying depression is particularly difficult: a problem known as confounding by indication. In the absence of randomised trials, studies designed to emulate such trials and using methods to account for confounding may help triangulate results and strengthen causal inference. Objectives This research aimed to simulate two scenarios that could be tested in pregnant women with depression in a hypothetical target randomised controlled trial asking the following research questions: Does the initiation of antidepressants for depression during pregnancy affect maternal service use outcomes and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes? Does the continuation of antidepressant use during pregnancy for depression affect maternal service use outcomes and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes? The data were interrogated using several methods of causal inference, and assessed in relation to dose response, timing of exposure and type of antidepressants according to class and their serotonin-receptor affinity. Methods Design: This was an observational cohort design, with use of multiple methods to strengthen causal inference. Setting and participants: This took place in UK general practice. Participants were UK primary care patients, specifically pregnant women with depression. Data sources: This study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), a large ongoing database of anonymised primary care medical records in the UK. The CPRD’s pregnancy register was used to identify the dates and stages of pregnancy, and the CPRD mother–baby link allowed for the linkage of the records of pregnant women with their live born offspring. For consenting CPRD practices in England, the primary care records were linked to Hospital Episode Statistics, which include registers for inpatient admissions, outpatient care and accident and emergency (A&E) attendance in England, and with mortality data from the Office for National Statistics and Census small-area socioeconomic data. Eligible patients: The data extract covered dates between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2017. Within this time frame, we identified 344,720 pregnancies in the pregnancy register for which there was evidence of depressive symptoms, or prescription of an antidepressant up to 1 year before or during pregnancy. From this sample, we constructed two cohorts: (1) the pregnant women’s cohort, which contained all pregnancies for which women could be followed up for at least 2 years beyond the pregnancy end date, regardless of the pregnancy outcome or ability to link to the child; (2) the mother and child cohort, which consisted of pregnancies followed up at least until delivery that could be linked with the patient records of the children arising from these pregnancies. The pregnant women’s cohort: The exclusion criteria were (1) records for which the general practice was not yet up to standard, as defined by CPRD (n = 61,704); (2) where the patient had not yet registered with her current general practice 1 year prior to conception (n = 93,638); (3) records suggesting that the woman had transferred out of the general practice while still pregnant (n = 15,627); (4) records with
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- 2023
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30. Intra-myocardial alginate hydrogel injection acts as a left ventricular mid-wall constraint in swine
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Sack, Kevin L, Aliotta, Eric, Choy, Jenny S, Ennis, Daniel B, Davies, Neil H, Franz, Thomas, Kassab, Ghassan S, and Guccione, Julius M
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Cardiovascular ,Heart Disease ,Bioengineering ,Good Health and Well Being ,Alginates ,Animals ,Heart Failure ,Heart Ventricles ,Humans ,Hydrogels ,Myocardium ,Swine ,Heart failure ,Remodeling ,Computational modeling ,Hydrogel injection therapy - Abstract
Despite positive initial outcomes emerging from preclinical and early clinical investigation of alginate hydrogel injection therapy as a treatment for heart failure, the lack of knowledge about the mechanism of action remains a major shortcoming that limits the efficacy of treatment design. To identify the mechanism of action, we examined previously unobtainable measurements of cardiac function from in vivo, ex vivo, and in silico states of clinically relevant heart failure (HF) in large animals. High-resolution ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging and histological data were used along with state-of-the-art subject-specific computational model simulations. Ex vivo data were incorporated in detailed geometric computational models for swine hearts in health (n = 5), ischemic HF (n = 5), and ischemic HF treated with alginate hydrogel injection therapy (n = 5). Hydrogel injection therapy mitigated elongation of sarcomere lengths (1.68 ± 0.10μm [treated] vs. 1.78 ± 0.15μm [untreated], p99% accuracy and predicted small myofiber strain in the vicinity of the solidified hydrogel that was sustained for up to 13 mm away from the implant. These findings suggest that the solidified alginate hydrogel material acts as an LV mid-wall constraint that significantly reduces adverse LV remodeling compared to untreated HF controls without causing negative secondary outcomes to cardiac function. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Heart failure is considered a growing epidemic and hence an important health problem in the US and worldwide. Its high prevalence (5.8 million and 23 million, respectively) is expected to increase by 25% in the US alone by 2030. Heart failure is associated with high morbidity and mortality, has a 5-year mortality rate of 50%, and contributes considerably to the overall cost of health care ($53.1 billion in the US by 2030). Despite positive initial outcomes emerging from preclinical and early clinical investigation of alginate hydrogel injection therapy as a treatment for heart failure, the lack of knowledge concerning the mechanism of action remains a major shortcoming that limits the efficacy of treatment design. To understand the mechanism of action, we combined high-resolution ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging and histological data in swine with state-of-the-art subject-specific computational model simulations. The in silico models realistically simulated in vivo function with >99% accuracy and predicted small myofiber strain in the vicinity of the solidified hydrogel that was sustained for up to 13 mm away from the implant. These findings suggest that the solidified alginate hydrogel material acts as a left ventricular mid-wall constraint that significantly reduces adverse LV remodeling compared to untreated heart failure controls without causing negative secondary outcomes to cardiac function. Moreover, if the hydrogel can be delivered percutaneously rather than via the currently used open-chest procedure, this therapy may become routine for heart failure treatment. A minimally invasive procedure would be in the best interest of this patient population; i.e., one that cannot tolerate general anesthesia and surgery, and it would be significantly more cost-effective than surgery.
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- 2020
31. COVID-19 pandemic reveals the peril of ignoring metadata standards.
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Schriml, Lynn M, Chuvochina, Maria, Davies, Neil, Eloe-Fadrosh, Emiley A, Finn, Robert D, Hugenholtz, Philip, Hunter, Christopher I, Hurwitz, Bonnie L, Kyrpides, Nikos C, Meyer, Folker, Mizrachi, Ilene Karsch, Sansone, Susanna-Assunta, Sutton, Granger, Tighe, Scott, and Walls, Ramona
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- 2020
32. The colonization of drylands by early vascular plants: Evidence from Early Devonian fossil soils and in situ plant traces from South China
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Xue, Jinzhuang, Wang, Jiashu, Huang, Pu, Liu, Lu, Huang, Tianzheng, Zhang, Lijun, Wang, Xianyan, Shen, Bing, Wang, Deming, Liu, Jianbo, Davies, Neil S., and Basinger, James F.
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- 2023
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33. Composition of continental crust altered by the emergence of land plants
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Spencer, Christopher J., Davies, Neil S., Gernon, Thomas M., Wang, Xi, McMahon, William J., Morrell, Taylor Rae I., Hincks, Thea, Pufahl, Peir K., Brasier, Alexander, Seraine, Marina, and Lu, Gui-Mei
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- 2022
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34. Proteomics and Population Biology in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS): design of a study with mentored access and active data sharing
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Austin, Thomas R., McHugh, Caitlin P., Brody, Jennifer A., Bis, Joshua C., Sitlani, Colleen M., Bartz, Traci M., Biggs, Mary L., Bansal, Nisha, Buzkova, Petra, Carr, Steven A., deFilippi, Christopher R., Elkind, Mitchell S. V., Fink, Howard A., Floyd, James S., Fohner, Alison E., Gerszten, Robert E., Heckbert, Susan R., Katz, Daniel H., Kizer, Jorge R., Lemaitre, Rozenn N., Longstreth, W. T., McKnight, Barbara, Mei, Hao, Mukamal, Kenneth J., Newman, Anne B., Ngo, Debby, Odden, Michelle C., Vasan, Ramachandran S., Shojaie, Ali, Simon, Noah, Smith, George Davey, Davies, Neil M., Siscovick, David S., Sotoodehnia, Nona, Tracy, Russell P., Wiggins, Kerri L., Zheng, Jie, and Psaty, Bruce M.
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- 2022
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35. The effects of daylight saving time clock changes on accelerometer-measured sleep duration in the UK Biobank
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de Lange, Melanie A, primary, Richmond, Rebecca C, additional, Birnie, Kate, additional, Shapland, Chin Yang, additional, Tilling, Kate, additional, and Davies, Neil M, additional
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- 2024
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36. First-trimester use of antiseizure medications and the risk of miscarriage: a population-based cohort study
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Forbes, Harriet, primary, Madley-Dowd, Paul, additional, Ahlqvist, Viktor, additional, Campbell, Jennifer, additional, Davies, Neil M, additional, Liebling, Rachel, additional, Lyall, Kristen, additional, Newschaffer, Craig, additional, Rast, Jessica, additional, Tomson, Torbjörn, additional, Zhong, Caichen, additional, Magnusson, Cecilia, additional, Rai, Dheeraj, additional, and Lee, Brian K, additional
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- 2024
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37. Insomnia symptom prevalence in England: a comparison of cross-sectional self-reported data and primary care records in the UK Biobank
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de Lange, Melanie A, primary, Richmond, Rebecca C, additional, Eastwood, Sophie V, additional, and Davies, Neil M, additional
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- 2024
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38. Earth's earliest forest: fossilized trees and vegetation-induced sedimentary structures from the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) Hangman Sandstone Formation, Somerset and Devon, SW England
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Davies, Neil S., primary, McMahon, William J., additional, and Berry, Christopher M., additional
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- 2024
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39. Applying Mendelian randomization to appraise causality in relationships between nutrition and cancer
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Wade, Kaitlin H., Yarmolinsky, James, Giovannucci, Edward, Lewis, Sarah J., Millwood, Iona Y., Munafò, Marcus R., Meddens, Fleur, Burrows, Kimberley, Bell, Joshua A., Davies, Neil M., Mariosa, Daniela, Kanerva, Noora, Vincent, Emma E., Smith-Byrne, Karl, Guida, Florence, Gunter, Marc J., Sanderson, Eleanor, Dudbridge, Frank, Burgess, Stephen, Cornelis, Marilyn C., Richardson, Tom G., Borges, Maria Carolina, Bowden, Jack, Hemani, Gibran, Cho, Yoonsu, Spiller, Wes, Richmond, Rebecca C., Carter, Alice R., Langdon, Ryan, Lawlor, Deborah A., Walters, Robin G., Vimaleswaran, Karani Santhanakrishnan, Anderson, Annie, Sandu, Meda R., Tilling, Kate, Davey Smith, George, Martin, Richard M., and Relton, Caroline L.
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- 2022
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40. Separating the direct effects of traits on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease from those mediated by type 2 diabetes
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Walker, Venexia M., Vujkovic, Marijana, Carter, Alice R., Davies, Neil M., Udler, Miriam S., Levin, Michael G., Davey Smith, George, Voight, Benjamin F., Gaunt, Tom R., and Damrauer, Scott M.
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- 2022
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41. Average causal effect estimation via instrumental variables: the no simultaneous heterogeneity assumption
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Hartwig, Fernando Pires, Wang, Linbo, Davey Smith, George, and Davies, Neil Martin
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- 2023
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42. Categorization of species as native or nonnative using DNA sequence signatures without a complete reference library
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Andersen, Jeremy C, Oboyski, Peter, Davies, Neil, Charlat, Sylvain, Ewing, Curtis, Meyer, Christopher, Krehenwinkel, Henrik, Lim, Jun Ying, Noriyuki, Suzuki, Ramage, Thibault, Gillespie, Rosemary G, and Roderick, George K
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Biological Sciences ,Ecology ,Genetics ,Life on Land ,Animals ,Biodiversity ,DNA ,DNA Barcoding ,Taxonomic ,Gene Library ,Phylogeny ,alien invasive species ,biomonitoring ,biosecurity ,community barcoding ,DNA barcoding ,metabarcoding ,Moorea BioCode ,Environmental Sciences ,Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences ,Agricultural ,veterinary and food sciences ,Biological sciences ,Environmental sciences - Abstract
New genetic diagnostic approaches have greatly aided efforts to document global biodiversity and improve biosecurity. This is especially true for organismal groups in which species diversity has been underestimated historically due to difficulties associated with sampling, the lack of clear morphological characteristics, and/or limited availability of taxonomic expertise. Among these methods, DNA sequence barcoding (also known as "DNA barcoding") and by extension, meta-barcoding for biological communities, has emerged as one of the most frequently utilized methods for DNA-based species identifications. Unfortunately, the use of DNA barcoding is limited by the availability of complete reference libraries (i.e., a collection of DNA sequences from morphologically identified species), and by the fact that the vast majority of species do not have sequences present in reference databases. Such conditions are critical especially in tropical locations that are simultaneously biodiversity rich and suffer from a lack of exploration and DNA characterization by trained taxonomic specialists. To facilitate efforts to document biodiversity in regions lacking complete reference libraries, we developed a novel statistical approach that categorizes unidentified species as being either likely native or likely nonnative based solely on measures of nucleotide diversity. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by categorizing a large sample of specimens of terrestrial insects and spiders (collected as part of the Moorea BioCode project) using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). Using a training data set of known endemic (n = 45) and known introduced species (n = 102), we then estimated the likely native/nonnative status for 4,663 specimens representing an estimated 1,288 species (412 identified species), including both those specimens that were either unidentified or whose endemic/introduced status was uncertain. Using this approach, we were able to increase the number of categorized specimens by a factor of 4.4 (from 794 to 3,497), and the number of categorized species by a factor of 4.8 from (147 to 707) at a rate much greater than chance (77.6% accuracy). The study identifies phylogenetic signatures of both native and nonnative species and suggests several practical applications for this approach including monitoring biodiversity and facilitating biosecurity.
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- 2019
43. Genome-Wide Association Transethnic Meta-Analyses Identifies Novel Associations Regulating Coagulation Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor Plasma Levels
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Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Huffman, Jennifer E, de Vries, Paul S, Marten, Jonathan, Mastrangelo, Michael A, Song, Ci, Pankratz, Nathan, Ward-Caviness, Cavin K, Yanek, Lisa R, Trompet, Stella, Delgado, Graciela E, Guo, Xiuqing, Bartz, Traci M, Martinez-Perez, Angel, Germain, Marine, de Haan, Hugoline G, Ozel, Ayse B, Polasek, Ozren, Smith, Albert V, Eicher, John D, Reiner, Alex P, Tang, Weihong, Davies, Neil M, Stott, David J, Rotter, Jerome I, Tofler, Geoffrey H, Boerwinkle, Eric, de Maat, Moniek PM, Kleber, Marcus E, Welsh, Paul, Brody, Jennifer A, Chen, Ming-Huei, Vaidya, Dhananjay, Soria, José Manuel, Suchon, Pierre, van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid, Desch, Karl C, Kolcic, Ivana, Joshi, Peter K, Launer, Lenore J, Harris, Tamara B, Campbell, Harry, Rudan, Igor, Becker, Diane M, Li, Jun Z, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Uitterlinden, André G, Hofman, Albert, Franco, Oscar H, Cushman, Mary, Psaty, Bruce M, Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel, McKnight, Barbara, Chong, Michael R, Fernandez-Cadenas, Israel, Rosand, Jonathan, Lindgren, Arne, Consortium, INVENT Consortium MEGASTROKE Consortium of the International Stroke Genetics, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Wilson, James F, Hayward, Caroline, Ginsburg, David, Fornage, Myriam, Rosendaal, Frits R, Souto, Juan Carlos, Becker, Lewis C, Jenny, Nancy S, März, Winfried, Jukema, J Wouter, Dehghan, Abbas, Trégouët, David-Alexandre, Morrison, Alanna C, Johnson, Andrew D, O’Donnell, Christopher J, Strachan, David P, Lowenstein, Charles J, and Smith, Nicholas L
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Epidemiology ,Health Sciences ,Hematology ,Biotechnology ,Rare Diseases ,Genetics ,Human Genome ,Aetiology ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Blood ,Cardiovascular ,Arterial Occlusive Diseases ,Biomarkers ,Blood Coagulation ,Blood Coagulation Disorders ,Inherited ,Factor VIII ,Genetic Loci ,Genetic Markers ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,Mendelian Randomization Analysis ,Phenotype ,Ribosomal Protein L3 ,Risk Factors ,Venous Thrombosis ,von Willebrand Factor ,cardiovascular diseases ,factor VIII ,genome-wide association studies ,genetics ,risk factors ,von Willebrand factor ,INVENT Consortium ,MEGASTROKE Consortium of the International Stroke Genetics Consortium ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,Cardiovascular medicine and haematology ,Clinical sciences ,Sports science and exercise - Abstract
BackgroundFactor VIII (FVIII) and its carrier protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) are associated with risk of arterial and venous thrombosis and with hemorrhagic disorders. We aimed to identify and functionally test novel genetic associations regulating plasma FVIII and VWF.MethodsWe meta-analyzed genome-wide association results from 46 354 individuals of European, African, East Asian, and Hispanic ancestry. All studies performed linear regression analysis using an additive genetic model and associated ≈35 million imputed variants with natural log-transformed phenotype levels. In vitro gene silencing in cultured endothelial cells was performed for candidate genes to provide additional evidence on association and function. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were applied to test the causal role of FVIII and VWF plasma levels on the risk of arterial and venous thrombotic events.ResultsWe identified 13 novel genome-wide significant ( P≤2.5×10-8) associations, 7 with FVIII levels ( FCHO2/TMEM171/TNPO1, HLA, SOX17/RP1, LINC00583/NFIB, RAB5C-KAT2A, RPL3/TAB1/SYNGR1, and ARSA) and 11 with VWF levels ( PDHB/PXK/KCTD6, SLC39A8, FCHO2/TMEM171/TNPO1, HLA, GIMAP7/GIMAP4, OR13C5/NIPSNAP, DAB2IP, C2CD4B, RAB5C-KAT2A, TAB1/SYNGR1, and ARSA), beyond 10 previously reported associations with these phenotypes. Functional validation provided further evidence of association for all loci on VWF except ARSA and DAB2IP. Mendelian randomization suggested causal effects of plasma FVIII activity levels on venous thrombosis and coronary artery disease risk and plasma VWF levels on ischemic stroke risk.ConclusionsThe meta-analysis identified 13 novel genetic loci regulating FVIII and VWF plasma levels, 10 of which we validated functionally. We provide some evidence for a causal role of these proteins in thrombotic events.
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- 2019
44. Estimating the causal effect of liability to disease on healthcare costs using Mendelian Randomization
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Dixon, Padraig, Harrison, Sean, Hollingworth, William, Davies, Neil M., and Davey Smith, George
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- 2022
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45. How do busy hospital circumstances affect mortality and readmission within 60 days: A cohort study of 680 000 acute admissions in Norway
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Nilsen, Sara Marie, Asheim, Andreas, Carlsen, Fredrik, Anthun, Kjartan Sarheim, Vatten, Lars Johan, Aam, Stina, Davies, Neil M, and Bjørngaard, Johan Håkon
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- 2022
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46. COVID-19 trajectories among 57 million adults in England: a cohort study using electronic health records
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Abbasizanjani, Hoda, Ahmed, Nida, Ahmed, Badar, Akbari, Ashley, Akinoso-Imran, Abdul Qadr, Allara, Elias, Allery, Freya, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, Ashworth, Mark, Ayyar-Gupta, Vandana, Babu-Narayan, Sonya, Bacon, Seb, Ball, Steve, Banerjee, Ami, Barber, Mark, Barrett, Jessica, Bennie, Marion, Berry, Colin, Beveridge, Jennifer, Birney, Ewan, Bojanić, Lana, Bolton, Thomas, Bone, Anna, Boyle, Jon, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Bray, Ben, Briffa, Norman, Brind, David, Brown, Katherine, Buch, Maya, Canoy, Dexter, Caputo, Massimo, Carragher, Raymond, Carson, Alan, Cezard, Genevieve, Chang, Jen-Yu Amy, Cheema, Kate, Chin, Richard, Chudasama, Yogini, Cooper, Jennifer, Copland, Emma, Crallan, Rebecca, Cripps, Rachel, Cromwell, David, Curcin, Vasa, Curry, Gwenetta, Dale, Caroline, Danesh, John, Das-Munshi, Jayati, Dashtban, Ashkan, Davies, Alun, Davies, Joanna, Davies, Gareth, Davies, Neil, Day, Joshua, Delmestri, Antonella, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Dennis, John, Denniston, Alastair, Deo, Salil, Dhillon, Baljean, Docherty, Annemarie, Dong, Tim, Douiri, Abdel, Downs, Johnny, Dregan, Alexandru, Ellins, Elizabeth A, Elwenspoek, Martha, Falck, Fabian, Falter, Florian, Fan, Yat Yi, Firth, Joseph, Fraser, Lorna, Friebel, Rocco, Gavrieli, Amir, Gerstung, Moritz, Gilbert, Ruth, Gillies, Clare, Glickman, Myer, Goldacre, Ben, Goldacre, Raph, Greaves, Felix, Green, Mark, Grieco, Luca, Griffiths, Rowena, Gurdasani, Deepti, Halcox, Julian, Hall, Nick, Hama, Tuankasfee, Handy, Alex, Hansell, Anna, Hardelid, Pia, Hardy, Flavien, Harris, Daniel, Harrison, Camille, Harron, Katie, Hassaine, Abdelaali, Hassan, Lamiece, Healey, Russell, Hemingway, Harry, Henderson, Angela, Herz, Naomi, Heyl, Johannes, Hidajat, Mira, Higginson, Irene, Hinchliffe, Rosie, Hippisley-Cox, Julia, Ho, Frederick, Hocaoglu, Mevhibe, Hollings, Sam, Horne, Elsie, Hughes, David, Humberstone, Ben, Inouye, Mike, Ip, Samantha, Islam, Nazrul, Jackson, Caroline, Jenkins, David, Jiang, Xiyun, Johnson, Shane, Kadam, Umesh, Kallis, Costas, Karim, Zainab, Kasan, Jake, Katsoulis, Michalis, Kavanagh, Kim, Kee, Frank, Keene, Spencer, Kent, Seamus, Khalid, Sara, Khawaja, Anthony, Khunti, Kamlesh, Killick, Richard, Kinnear, Deborah, Knight, Rochelle, Kolamunnage-Dona, Ruwanthi, Kontopantelis, Evan, Kurdi, Amanj, Lacey, Ben, Lai, Alvina, Lambarth, Andrew, Larzjan, Milad Nazarzadeh, Lawler, Deborah, Lawrence, Thomas, Lawson, Claire, Li, Qiuju, Li, Ken, Llinares, Miguel Bernabeu, Lorgelly, Paula, Lowe, Deborah, Lyons, Jane, Lyons, Ronan, Machado, Pedro, Macleod, Mary Joan, Macleod, John, Malgapo, Evaleen, Mamas, Mamas, Mamouei, Mohammad, Manohar, Sinduja, Mapeta, Rutendo, Martelli, Javiera Leniz, Martos, David Moreno, Mateen, Bilal, McCarthy, Aoife, Melville, Craig, Milton, Rebecca, Mizani, Mehrdad, Moncusi, Marta Pineda, Morales, Daniel, Mordi, Ify, Morrice, Lynn, Morris, Carole, Morris, Eva, Mu, Yi, Mueller, Tanja, Murdock, Lars, Nafilyan, Vahé, Nicholson, George, Nikiphorou, Elena, Nolan, John, Norris, Tom, Norris, Ruth, North, Laura, North, Teri-Louise, O'Connell, Dan, Oliver, Dominic, Oluyase, Adejoke, Olvera-Barrios, Abraham, Omigie, Efosa, Onida, Sarah, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Tom, Pasea, Laura, Patel, Riyaz, Payne, Rupert, Pell, Jill, Petitjean, Carmen, Pherwani, Arun, Pickrell, Owen, Pierotti, Livia, Pirmohamed, Munir, Priedon, Rouven, Prieto-Alhambra, Dani, Proudfoot, Alastair, Quinn, Terry, Quint, Jennifer, Raffetti, Elena, Rahimi, Kazem, Rao, Shishir, Razieh, Cameron, Roberts, Brian, Rogers, Caroline, Rossdale, Jennifer, Salim, Safa, Samani, Nilesh, Sattar, Naveed, Schnier, Christian, Schwartz, Roy, Selby, David, Seminog, Olena, Shabnam, Sharmin, Shah, Ajay, Shelton, Jon, Sheppard, James, Sinha, Shubhra, Skrypak, Mirek, Slapkova, Martina, Sleeman, Katherine, Smith, Craig, Sofat, Reecha, Sosenko, Filip, Sperrin, Matthew, Steeg, Sarah, Sterne, Jonathan, Stoica, Serban, Sudell, Maria, Sudlow, Cathie, Sun, Luanluan, Suseeladevi, Arun Karthikeyan, Sweeting, Michael, Sydes, Matt, Takhar, Rohan, Tang, Howard, Thygesen, Johan, Tilston, George, Tochel, Claire, Toit, Clea du, Tomlinson, Christopher, Toms, Renin, Torabi, Fatemeh, Torralbo, Ana, Townson, Julia, Tufail, Adnan, Tungamirai, Tapiwa, Varma, Susheel, Vollmer, Sebastian, Walker, Venexia, Wang, Tianxiao, Wang, Huan, Warwick, Alasdair, Watkinson, Ruth, Watson, Harry, Whiteley, William, Whittaker, Hannah, Wilde, Harry, Wilkinson, Tim, Williams, Gareth, Williams, Michelle, Williams, Richard, Withnell, Eloise, Wolfe, Charles, Wood, Angela, Wright, Lucy, Wu, Honghan, Wu, Jinge, Wu, Jianhua, Yates, Tom, Zaccardi, Francesco, Zhang, Haoting, Zhang, Huayu, Zuccolo, Luisa, Thygesen, Johan H, Mizani, Mehrdad A, Banerjee, Amitava, Lai, Alvina G, Li, Kezhi, Mateen, Bilal A, Sterne, Jonathan A C, Pagel, Christina, and Whiteley, William N
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- 2022
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47. Blood derived extracellular vesicles as regenerative medicine therapeutics
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de Boer, Candice and Davies, Neil Hamer
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- 2022
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48. Low tropical diversity during the adaptive radiation of early land plants
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Wellman, Charles H., Berry, Christopher M., Davies, Neil S., Lindemann, Franz-Josef, Marshall, John E. A., and Wyatt, Amy
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- 2022
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49. The causes and consequences of Alzheimer’s disease: phenome-wide evidence from Mendelian randomization
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Korologou-Linden, Roxanna, Bhatta, Laxmi, Brumpton, Ben M., Howe, Laura D., Millard, Louise A. C., Kolaric, Katarina, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Williams, Dylan M., Smith, George Davey, Anderson, Emma L., Stergiakouli, Evie, and Davies, Neil M.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Investigating how the accuracy of teacher expectations of pupil performance relate to socioeconomic and genetic factors
- Author
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Barry, Ciarrah-Jane Shannon, Davies, Neil M., and Morris, Tim T.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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