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1. Microbial community biomass, production and grazing along 110°E in the eastern Indian Ocean

Author

Landry, M.R., Hood, R.R., Davies, C.H., Selph, K.E., Antoine, D., Carl, M.C., Beckley, L.E., Landry, M.R., Hood, R.R., Davies, C.H., Selph, K.E., Antoine, D., Carl, M.C., and Beckley, L.E.

Abstract

We investigated plankton biomass structure, production and grazing rates from temperate to tropical waters (39.5–11.5°S) along the historic 110°E transect in the eastern Indian Ocean (IO) during May–June 2019. The timing captures the seasonal transition from moderate productivity in the subtropical sector to seasonally high primary production in tropical waters as described in IIOE (International Indian Ocean Expedition) studies of the 1960s. Carbon-based estimates of phytoplankton production and microzooplankton grazing were determined from depth profiles of dilution incubations analyzed by flow cytometry and pigments; mesozooplankton biomass and grazing were determined from net sampling and gut fluorescence for the integrated euphotic zone. Phytoplankton biomass varied from 860 to 1740 mg C m−2, averaging 1187 mg C m−2 with no latitudinal trend. Mixed-layer C:Chla ranged from 20 to 40 in the nitrogen-rich subtropical front to 100–180 in tropical waters. Prochlorococcus increased from 141 to 915 mg C m−2 between 39.5°S and 20°S and averaged 700 mg C m−2 at lower latitudes. Synechococcus and photosynthetic eukaryotes contributed least to biomass (3.6 and 30.5%, respectively) at mid-transect locations (15.5–27.5°S). Dinoflagellates and diatoms were typically rare (28 and 6 mg C m−2, respectively). Among heterotrophs, bacteria averaged 476 mg C m−2, with a subtropical front maximum but no latitudinal trend; ciliates averaged 112 mg C m−2, and mesozooplankton increased significantly south-to-north (131–488 mg C m−2). Phytoplankton production and grazing averaged 466 and 461 mg C m−2 d−1, respectively, based on the sums for flow-cytometry measured populations, and 618 and 604 mg C m−2 d−1, respectively, based on Chla-determined rates. Our results highlight key relationships that link stocks and process rates across oceanographic provinces of the eastern IO. Production and grazing increased 6–8 fold from south to north. Prochlorococcus dominated productivity, and microzo

Published
2022

2. Flavor physics in the quark sector

Author

Antonelli, M., Asner, D.M., Bauer, D., Becher, T., Beneke, M., Bevan, A.J., Blanke, M., Bloise, C., Bona, M., Bondar, A., Bozzi, C., Brod, J., Buras, A.J., Cabibbo, N., Carbone, A., Cavoto, G., Cirigliano, V., Ciuchini, M., Coleman, J.P., Cronin-Hennessy, D.P., Dalseno, J.P., Davies, C.H., Di Lodovico, F., Dingfelder, J., Dolezal, Z., Donati, S., Dungel, W., Eigen, G., Egede, U., Faccini, R., Feldmann, T., Ferroni, F., Flynn, J.M., Franco, E., Fujikawa, M., Furić, I.K., Gambino, P., Gardi, E., Gershon, T.J., Giagu, S., Golowich, E., Goto, T., Greub, C., Grojean, C., Guadagnoli, D., Haisch, U.A., Harr, R.F., Hoang, A.H., Hurth, T., Isidori, G., Jaffe, D.E., Jüttner, A., Jäger, S., Khodjamirian, A., Koppenburg, P., Kowalewski, R.V., Krokovny, P., Kronfeld, A.S., Laiho, J., Lanfranchi, G., Latham, T.E., Libby, J., Limosani, A., Lopes Pegna, D., Lu, C.D., Lubicz, V., Lunghi, E., Lüth, V.G., Maltman, K., Marciano, W.J., Martin, E.C., Martinelli, G., Martinez-Vidal, F., Masiero, A., Mateu, V., Mescia, F., Mohanty, G., Moulson, M., Neubert, M., Neufeld, H., Nishida, S., Offen, N., Palutan, M., Paradisi, P., Parsa, Z., Passemar, E., Patel, M., Pecjak, B.D., Petrov, A.A., Pich, A., Pierini, M., Plaster, B., Powell, A., Prell, S., Rademaker, J., Rescigno, M., Ricciardi, S., Robbe, P., Rodrigues, E., Rotondo, M., Sacco, R., Schilling, C.J., Schneider, O., Scholz, E.E., Schumm, B.A., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A.J., Sciascia, B., Serrano, J., Shigemitsu, J., Shipsey, I.J., Sibidanov, A., Silvestrini, L., Simonetto, F., Simula, S., Smith, C., Soni, A., Sonnenschein, L., Sordini, V., Sozzi, M., Spadaro, T., Spradlin, P., Stocchi, A., Tantalo, N., Tarantino, C., Telnov, A.V., Tonelli, D., Towner, I.S., Trabelsi, K., Urquijo, P., Van de Water, R.S., Van Kooten, R.J., Virto, J., Volpi, G., Wanke, R., Westhoff, S., Wilkinson, G., Wingate, M., Xie, Y., and Zupan, J.

Published
2010
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3. Oceanographic influence on coastal zooplankton assemblages at three IMOS National Reference Stations in Western Australia

Author

McCosker, E., Davies, C.H., Beckley, L.E., McCosker, E., Davies, C.H., and Beckley, L.E.

Abstract

Knowledge about the coastal zooplankton of the south-eastern Indian Ocean is limited, with few studies having compared assemblages across the latitudinal range of the western seaboard of Australia. The dominant oceanographic feature in this region is the Leeuwin Current, which transports warm, lower-salinity, tropical waters southward along the shelf-edge. This study examined data collected by Australia’s Integrated Marine Observing System at three coastal National Reference Stations located at 22°S 114°E, 32°S 115°E and 34°S 122°E. Spatial and temporal patterns in zooplankton abundance, composition and diversity were investigated, and differences in assemblage structure, particularly with respect to copepods, were related to oceanographic conditions. Clear dissimilarities among copepod assemblages were observed, becoming weaker in winter owing to enhanced connectivity of species driven by alongshore and cross-shelf transport in the Leeuwin Current. Both physical and biogeochemical factors were significant in structuring copepod assemblages, with seawater density, incorporating temperature and salinity, exerting the greatest influence. The results suggest that both broad-scale latitudinal gradients and mesoscale events contribute to variation in zooplankton assemblages in these waters. This study provides the first detailed comparison of zooplankton assemblages among the north-west, south-west and southern coastal waters of Western Australia, and enhances understanding of the processes influencing zooplankton distribution and structure.

Published
2020

4. Neuronal metabolism governs cortical network response state

Author

Cunningham, M.O., Pervouchine, D.D., Racca, C., Kopell, N.J., Davies, C.H., Jones, R.S.G., Traub, R.D., and Whittington, M.A.

Subjects
Glutamate -- Research, Glutamate -- Analysis, Oscillation -- Analysis, Science and technology
Abstract

The level of arousal in mammals is correlated with metabolic state and specific patterns of cortical neuronal responsivity. In particular, rhythmic transitions between periods of high activity (up phases) and low activity (down phases) vary between wakefulness and deep sleep/anesthesia. Current opinion about changes in cortical response state between sleep and wakefulness is split between neuronal network-mediated mechanisms and neuronal metabolism-related mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that slow oscillations in network state are a consequence of interactions between both mechanisms. Specifically, recurrent networks of excitatory neurons, whose membrane potential is partly governed by ATP--modulated potassium ([K.sub.ATP]) channels, mediate response-state oscillations via the interaction between excitatory network activity involving slow, kainate receptor-mediated events and the resulting activation of ATP-dependent homeostatic mechanisms. These findings suggest that [K.sub.ATP] channels function as an interface between neuronal metabolic state and network responsivity in mammalian cortex. glutamate | slow-wave oscillation | potassium channel | rhythm

Published
2006

5. Failed coronary thrombolysis

Author

Davies, C.H. and Ormerod, O.J.M.

Subjects
Heart attack -- Drug therapy, Thrombolytic therapy -- Evaluation, Coronary arteries -- Obstruction
Published
1998

6. Heterozygous disruption of SERCA2a is not associated with impairment of cardiac performance in humans: implications for SERCA2a as a therapeutic target in heart failure

Author

Mayosi, B.M., Kardos, A., Davies, C.H., Gumedze, F., Hovnanian, A., Burge, S., and Watkins, H.

Subjects
Heart failure -- Drug therapy, Heart failure -- Research, Sarcoplasmic reticulum -- Genetic aspects, Sarcoplasmic reticulum -- Abnormalities, Genetic code -- Analysis, Heart -- Contraction, Heart -- Physiological aspects, Health
Published
2006

8. A molecular switch activated by metabotropic glutamate receptors regulates induction of long-term potentiation

Author

Bortolotto, Z.A., Bashir, Z. I., Davies, C.H., and Collingridge, G.L.

Subjects
Glutamate -- Analysis, Hippocampus (Brain) -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in hippocampus are involved in the formation of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depotentiation. The mGluRs are essential to trigger LTP when slices are in a deconditioned state. The mGluRs trigger a molecular switch that removes the need for mGluR stimulation during LTP induction.

Published
1994

14. De Novo Mutations in PDE10A Cause Childhood-Onset Chorea with Bilateral Striatal Lesions

Author

Mencacci, N.E., Kamsteeg, E.J., Nakashima, K., R'Bibo, L., Lynch, D.S., Balint, B., Willemsen, M.A.A.P., Adams, M.E., Wiethoff, S., Suzuki, K., Davies, C.H., Ng, J., Meyer, E., Veneziano, L., Giunti, P., Hughes, D., Raymond, F.L., Carecchio, M., Zorzi, G., Nardocci, N., Barzaghi, C., Garavaglia, B., Salpietro, V., Hardy, J., Pittman, A.M., Houlden, H., Kurian, M.A., Kimura, H., Vissers, L.E.L.M., Wood, N.W., Bhatia, K.P., Mencacci, N.E., Kamsteeg, E.J., Nakashima, K., R'Bibo, L., Lynch, D.S., Balint, B., Willemsen, M.A.A.P., Adams, M.E., Wiethoff, S., Suzuki, K., Davies, C.H., Ng, J., Meyer, E., Veneziano, L., Giunti, P., Hughes, D., Raymond, F.L., Carecchio, M., Zorzi, G., Nardocci, N., Barzaghi, C., Garavaglia, B., Salpietro, V., Hardy, J., Pittman, A.M., Houlden, H., Kurian, M.A., Kimura, H., Vissers, L.E.L.M., Wood, N.W., and Bhatia, K.P.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 167700.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Chorea is a hyperkinetic movement disorder resulting from dysfunction of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), which form the main output projections from the basal ganglia. Here, we used whole-exome sequencing to unravel the underlying genetic cause in three unrelated individuals with a very similar and unique clinical presentation of childhood-onset chorea and characteristic brain MRI showing symmetrical bilateral striatal lesions. All individuals were identified to carry a de novo heterozygous mutation in PDE10A (c.898T>C [p.Phe300Leu] in two individuals and c.1000T>C [p.Phe334Leu] in one individual), encoding a phosphodiesterase highly and selectively present in MSNs. PDE10A contributes to the regulation of the intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Both substitutions affect highly conserved amino acids located in the regulatory GAF-B domain, which, by binding to cAMP, stimulates the activity of the PDE10A catalytic domain. In silico modeling showed that the altered residues are located deep in the binding pocket, where they are likely to alter cAMP binding properties. In vitro functional studies showed that neither substitution affects the basal PDE10A activity, but they severely disrupt the stimulatory effect mediated by cAMP binding to the GAF-B domain. The identification of PDE10A mutations as a cause of chorea further motivates the study of cAMP signaling in MSNs and highlights the crucial role of striatal cAMP signaling in the regulation of basal ganglia circuitry. Pharmacological modulation of this pathway could offer promising etiologically targeted treatments for chorea and other hyperkinetic movement disorders.

Published
2016

21. Erratum to “Identification and characterisation of SB-366791, a potent and selective vanilloid receptor (VR1/TRPV1) antagonist” [Neuropharmacology 46 (2004) 133–149]

Author

Gunthorpe, M.J., primary, Rami, H.K., additional, Jerman, J.C., additional, Smart, D., additional, Gill, C.H., additional, Soffin, E.M., additional, Hannan, S.Luis, additional, Lappin, S.C., additional, Egerton, J., additional, Smith, G.D., additional, Worby, A., additional, Howett, L., additional, Owen, D., additional, Nasir, S., additional, Davies, C.H., additional, Thompson, M., additional, Wyman, P.A., additional, Randall, A.D., additional, and Davis, J.B., additional

Published
2004
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22. LPA1 receptor-deficient mice have phenotypic changes observed in psychiatric disease

Author

Harrison, S.M, primary, Reavill, C, additional, Brown, G, additional, Brown, J.T, additional, Cluderay, J.E, additional, Crook, B, additional, Davies, C.H, additional, Dawson, L.A, additional, Grau, E, additional, Heidbreder, C, additional, Hemmati, P, additional, Hervieu, G, additional, Howarth, A, additional, Hughes, Z.A, additional, Hunter, A.J, additional, Latcham, J, additional, Pickering, S, additional, Pugh, P, additional, Rogers, D.C, additional, Shilliam, C.S, additional, and Maycox, P.R, additional

Published
2003
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28. Mechanisms contributing to the deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity in mice lacking amyloid precursor protein

Author

Seabrook, G.R., primary, Smith, D.W., additional, Bowery, B.J., additional, Easter, A., additional, Reynolds, T., additional, Fitzjohn, S.M., additional, Morton, R.A., additional, Zheng, H., additional, Dawson, G.R., additional, Sirinathsinghji, D.J.S., additional, Davies, C.H., additional, Collingridge, G.L., additional, and Hill, R.G., additional

Published
1999
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38. Effects of inhibition of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake on contraction in myocytes isolated from failing human ventricle.

Author

Davia, K, Davies, C.H, and Harding, S.E

Abstract

Objectives: There has been debate regarding the level of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase protein in heart failure. We have used the SR Ca2+ ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin to investigate the functional contribution of this uptake system to contraction and relaxation in myocytes from failing and non-failing human ventricle. Methods: Myocytes were isolated from 28 failing and 18 non-failing ventricles and stimulated at 0.2 Hz, 32°C in Krebs-Henseleit solution. Contraction amplitude and speed were compared before and after treatment with 1 μmol/l thapsigargin for 20 min to deplete SR Ca2+ stores. Results: Initial beat duration was longer in myocytes from failing hearts. Addition of thapsigargin significantly prolonged the beat in myocytes from both groups, but the increase was greater in non-failing hearts (beat duration increased by 0.79 ± 0.12 s in myocytes from non-failing hearts compared with 0.37 ± 0.12 s in those from failing, P < 0.02). The contraction amplitude increased at high stimulation frequencies in myocytes from non-failing hearts (from 2.6% shortening at 0.1 Hz to 4.6% at 1 Hz, P < 0.001, n = 9), but not in those from failing hearts (1.8% at 0.1 Hz compared with 1.7% at 1 Hz, n = 5). Thapsigargin abolished the positive staircase in the non-failing, but had no effect in the failing group. Contraction amplitude following a rest interval was significantly depressed relative to steady-state levels in myocytes from the non-failing hearts (44.8 ± 10.3% at 3 min), but not in failing (102 ± 18%, P < 0.01 compared to non-failing at 3 min). Following thapsigargin treatment, there were no longer significant differences between failing and non-failing myocytes in the time course of the beat, frequency response or post-rest behaviour. Conclusion: The differences between myocytes from failing and non-failing hearts were reduced by inhibition of SR function. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the initial differences had been due to decreased SR Ca2+ uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1997
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39. β-Adrenoceptor function changes with age of subject in myocytes from non-failing human ventricle.

Author

Davies, C.H., Ferrara, N., and Harding, S.E.

Abstract

The contractile response to β-adrenoceptor stimulation has been found to be reduced in single myocytes from failing human ventricle. A portion of that reduction was statistically related to the age of the patient. We have developed a method for obtaining viable contracting myocytes from small biopsies of human ventricle, enabling experiments to be performed on non-failing left ventricle from patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. These subjects are generally in an older age range than those we have previously obtained from donor hearts. The present study compares responses to isoproterenol and high Ca2+ between myocytes from older (>50 years, n = 8) and younger (<40 years, n = 5) subjects. Myocytes from older patients did not differ in their contraction amplitude (10.7 ± 1.0 cf. 10.8 ± 1.1% cell shortening), or contraction and relaxation velocities in high Ca2+ at a driving frequency of 0.2 Hz (32 °C). The sensitivity to isoproterenol, as determined from the EC50 value (concentration for half-maximal effect), was also similar between age groups (1.16 ± 0.64 nM young, cf. 2.76 ± 2.0 nM old), although higher than in myocytes from failing hearts (22.3 ± 7.5 nM, n = 11). However, for the older group there was a significant depression in maximum contraction amplitude with isoproterenol (8.5 ± 0.6 cf. 11.5 ± 1.0% cell shortening, P < 0.05) and in the ratio between this and the maximum Ca2+ response (isoproterenol/Ca2+ ratio, 0.79 ± 0.05 cf. 1.16 ± 0.12, P < 0.05). Concomitantly, the maximum contraction and relaxation velocities achieved in the presence of isoproterenol were also depressed in older subjects (P < 0.02 for both). We conclude that age and/or coronary disease with unimpaired left ventricular function selectively reduces the maximum effect of isoproterenol but not the concentration at which this occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1996
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40. Real-time 3-Dimensional Doppler Echocardiography for the Assessment of Stroke Volume: An In Vivo Human Study Compared with Standard 2-Dimensional Echocardiography

Author

Pemberton, J., Li, X., Kenny, A., Davies, C.H., Minette, M.S., and Sahn, D.J.

Abstract

Background: Invasive monitors and noninvasive 2-dimensional echocardiography are the standard clinical methods for stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output computation. We studied the use of real-time color Doppler 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography (3DE) for the assessment of SV in human beings. Methods: In all, 55 pediatric and adult patients with good transthoracic windows and a normal aortic valve were studied. Real-time 3DE color Doppler volumes incorporating the left ventricular outflow tract and aortic valve were taken. SV was calculated from the color Doppler data in the 3DE DICOM dataset. This was compared with 2-dimensional echocardiography SV calculation from the pulsed wave velocity through the aortic valve along with the left ventricular outflow tract diameter. Results: Five patients were excluded because of mismatching of the 3D color Doppler segments in the 3D volume. The 3D Doppler volumes from the remaining 50 patients were analyzed. There was good correlation between the patients' averaged 3DE SV calculations and the 2-dimensional echocardiography pulsed wave SV estimation (y = 0.84x + 7.8, r^2 = 0.90). Conclusion: Real-time 3D Doppler echocardiography can be used to accurately calculate SV and cardiac output, compared with conventional pulsed Doppler measurement, in pediatric and adult patients from transthoracic imaging.

Published
2005
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42. GABA B autoreceptors regulate the induction of LTP.

Author

Davies, C.H. and Starkey, S.J.

Subjects
*PHARMACOLOGY
Abstract

States that during high-frequency transmission, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) depresses its own release by an action on GABA B autoreceptors, which permits sufficient N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). Methods; Results; Discussion.

Published
1991
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44. GABAB receptor subunit expression in glia

Author

Charles, K.J., Deuchars, J., Davies, C.H., and Pangalos, M.N.

Subjects
*ADRENERGIC receptors, *NEURONS, *SYNAPSES
Abstract

GABAB receptor subunits are widely expressed on neurons throughout the CNS, at both pre- and postsynaptic sites, where they mediate the late, slow component of the inhibitory response to the major inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. The existence of functional GABAB receptors on nonneuronal cells has been reported previously, although the molecular composition of these receptors has not yet been described. Here we demonstrate for the first time, using immunohistochemistry the expression of GABAB1a, GABAB1b, and GABAB2 on nonneuronal cells of the rat CNS. All three principle GABAB receptor subunits were expressed on these cells irrespective of whether they had been cultured or found within brain tissue sections. At the ultrastructural level GABAB receptor subunits were expressed on astrocytic processes surrounding both symmetrical and assymetrical synapses in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. In addition, GABAB1a, GABAB1b, and GABAB2 receptor subunits were expressed on activated microglia in culture but were not found on myelin forming oligodendrocytes in the white matter of rat spinal cord. Together these data demonstrate that the obligate subunits of functional GABAB receptors are expressed in astrocytes and microglia in the rat CNS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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46. Quantification of the Mg2+-induced potency shift of amantadine and memantine voltage-dependent block in human recombinant GluN1/GluN2A NMDARs

Author

Otton, H.J., Lawson McLean, A., Pannozzo, M.A., Davies, C.H., and Wyllie, D.J.A.

Subjects
*AMANTADINE, *MAGNESIUM, *GLUTAMIC acid, *METHYL aspartate, *ACETYLCHOLINE, *XENOPUS laevis
Abstract

Abstract: Clinically, amantadine and memantine are drugs whose therapeutic utility is linked to their ability to block N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in a voltage-dependent manner. Nevertheless many studies that have characterized the pharmacological actions of amantadine and memantine have done so in the absence of physiological levels of Mg2+ ions. This study quantifies the extent to which Mg2+ alters the potency of the block produced by both amantadine and memantine at human recombinant GluN1/GluN2A NMDARs. Human recombinant GluN1/GluN2A NMDARs were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings were made at −80, −60 and −40mV to quantify amantadine and memantine block in the absence and presence of Mg2+. Amantadine and memantine blocked human GluN1/GluN2A NMDARs in a voltage-dependent manner with IC50 values (at −80mV) of 49±6μM (n =7) and 1.0±0.3μM (n =7), respectively. In the presence of Mg2+ (1mM) the equivalent IC50 values were 165±10μM (n =6) and 6.6±0.3μM (n =5). Similarly in the presence of amantadine or memantine the potency of Mg2+ in blocking GluN1/GluN2A NMDARs was reduced. The decrease in the potencies of both amantadine and memantine in the presence of physiological concentrations of Mg2+ indicates that other targets (e.g. α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and 5-HT3 receptors) in addition to NMDARs may well be sites of the therapeutic action of these channel blockers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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47. LPA1 receptor-deficient mice have phenotypic changes observed in psychiatric disease

Author

Harrison, S.M., Reavill, C., Brown, G., Brown, J.T., Cluderay, J.E., Crook, B., Davies, C.H., Dawson, L.A., Grau, E., Heidbreder, C., Hemmati, P., Hervieu, G., Howarth, A., Hughes, Z.A., Hunter, A.J., Latcham, J., Pickering, S., Pugh, P., Rogers, D.C., and Shilliam, C.S.

Subjects
*PSYCHIATRIC emergencies, *SCHIZOPHRENIA, *PSYCHOSES
Abstract

Several psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia, are thought to have a developmental aetiology, but to date no clear link has been made between psychiatric disease and a specific developmental process. LPA1 is a Gi-coupled seven transmembrane receptor with high affinity for lysophosphatidic acid. Although LPA1 is expressed in several peripheral tissues, in the nervous system it shows relatively restricted temporal expression to neuroepithelia during CNS development and to myelinating glia in the adult. We report the detailed neurological and behavioural analysis of mice homozygous for a targeted deletion at the lpa1 locus. Our observations reveal a marked deficit in prepulse inhibition, widespread changes in the levels and turnover of the neurotransmitter 5-HT, a brain region-specific alteration in levels of amino acids, and a craniofacial dysmorphism in these mice. We suggest that the loss of LPA1 receptor generates defects resembling those found in psychiatric disease. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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48. Activation of Ih is necessary for patterning of mGluR and mAChR induced network activity in the hippocampal CA3 region

Author

Cobb, S.R., Larkman, P.M., Bulters, D.O., Oliver, L., Gill, C.H., and Davies, C.H.

Subjects
*BIOLOGICAL neural networks, *HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain)
Abstract

Neuronal networks of the hippocampal CA3 region generate stereotyped patterns of electrical activity in response to activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) or muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) that consist of intermittent episodes of prolonged oscillatory activity. In light of the slow kinetics of such network responses, we investigated the possible contribution of the hyperpolarisation-activated inward current (Ih) in the generation and maintenance of hippocampal oscillatory states. Hippocampal ‘mini-slice’ experiments in which the main subfields of the hippocampus were isolated by transection of the connecting afferents revealed that the CA3 region was the primary generator of both mGluR and mAChR-mediated network responses. Subsequent patch-clamp experiments confirmed the presence of a prominent hyperpolarisation-activated inward current in the principal cells of the CA3 region that was sensitive to caesium chloride and the selective Ih blocker ZD-7288.Furthermore, in the presence of mAChR or mGluR agonists these cells exhibited a slow membrane potential oscillation that was independent of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. Blockade of Ih suppressed this oscillation as well as mGluR and mAChR-induced theta based intermittent network oscillatory behaviour. These data support the idea that the Ih pacemaker current is important in the generation of patterned neuronal activities in the hippocampus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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49. BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene

Author

Grace E. Frank, Alecia Bellgrove, Flaviana Maluf Souza, Fakhrizal Setiawan, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Miguel Barbosa, J. Emmett Duffy, Robert A. Davis, Giselda Durigan, Jan Vanaverbeke, Ricardo Rocha, Ana Paula Savassi-Coutinho, Francis Neat, Emily H. Stanley, Erkki Pulliainen, Vinicius Castro Souza, Stephen F. Newton, N. A. Mil'chakova, Annika Hofgaard, James A. Nelson, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi, Sonja Wipf, Anders Enemar, Gabriel Barros Gonçalves de Souza, Claire Laguionie-Marchais, Dušan Adam, Robert N. L. Fitt, Christopher P. Bloch, Claus Bässler, Gediminas Vaitkus, Magdalena Błażewicz, Robert R. Twilley, Richard Condit, B.R. Ramesh, Chaolun Allen Chen, Grace E. P. Murphy, Kevin P. Robinson, Gal Badihi, Lars G. Rudstam, J. Jonathan Moore, David M. Paterson, Sarah R. Supp, Claire E. Widdicombe, Suzanne M. Remillard, Hans M. Verheye, Jill F. Johnstone, Claire H. Davies, Shane A. Blowes, Mark E. Harmon, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Andrew J. Brooks, Gert Van Hoey, José Eduardo Rebelo, Anna Maria Fosaa, Tim S. Doherty, Jasper A. Slingsby, Francesco Pomati, Raphaël Pélissier, Ward Appeltans, José Manuel Arcos, Phaedra Budy, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Maria Teresa Zugliani Toniato, Anthony J. Richardson, Luiz Fernando Loureiro Fernandes, Christopher D. Stallings, Rowan Stanforth, David J. Kushner, A. A. Akhmetzhanova, Geraldo Antônio Daher Corrêa Franco, Alessandra Fidelis, Elizabeth Gorgone-Barbosa, Dave Watts, S.A. Tarigan, Timothy C. Bonebrake, Kent P. McFarland, Jonathan Belmaker, Shahar Malamud, Kamil Král, John D. Lloyd, Diane M. McKnight, Alessandra Rocha Kortz, Luise Hermanutz, Tore Johannessen, N. Ayyappan, Brian J. Bett, Haley Arnold, Fernando Rodrigues da Silva, Peter L. Meserve, Francisco Lloret, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Michael R. Willig, Linda A. Kuhnz, Esther Lévesque, Kwang-Tsao Shao, Sofía Sal, Robert D. Hollister, Andrew Rassweiler, Christoph F. J. Meyer, Jeffrey C. Oliver, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Graham J. Edgar, Jacek Siciński, Beatriz Salgado, Fábio Venturoli, Matt Bradford, Borgþór Magnússon, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Anne D. Bjorkman, Eric Post, Alain Paquette, Or Givan, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Falk Huettmann, Fábio Lang da Silveira, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Thomas J. Valone, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Sinta Pardede, Esben Moland Olsen, Laura Siegwart Collier, Flavio Antonio Maës dos Santos, Andrew H. Baird, Cheol Min Lee, Robert B. Waide, Olivia Mendivil Ramos, David C. Lightfoot, Stefan B. Williams, Ute Jandt, David Janík, Stephen S. Hale, Robin Elahi, Andrew L. Rypel, S. K. Morgan Ernest, Jörg Müller, Gaius R. Shaver, Anna Jażdżewska, José Mauro Sterza, Maarten Stevens, Denise de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres, Dor Edelist, Martha Isabel Vallejo, Michael Paul Nelson, Conor Waldock, Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Sally Sherman, Dustin J. Wilgers, Sharon K. Collinge, Kristen T. Holeck, Josep Peñuelas, Douglas A. Kelt, Tiago Egydio Barreto, Faye Moyes, Robert L. Schooley, Peter B. Reich, Jason Meador, Anders Michelsen, J. Paul Richardson, Sara J. Snell, Julio R. Gutiérrez, Chih-hao Hsieh, Gary D. Grossman, Hernando García, Ana Carolina da Silva, Kyle J. A. Zawada, Richard T. Holmes, John C. Priscu, Christine L. Huffard, Christian Rixen, William O. McLarney, Julia A. Jones, Anne Tolvanen, William A. Gould, Maite Louzao, Alejandro Pérez-Matus, Donald L. Henshaw, Kathleen L. Prudic, Herbert H. T. Prins, Helge Bruelheide, Catalina S. Ruz, Rui P. Vieira, Gary P. Thiede, Erin C. Keeley, James H. Brown, William R. Fraser, Pieter Provoost, Andrew S. Hoey, Robert J. Pabst, Kerry D. Woods, Fabiano Turini Farah, Nancy B. Rybicki, Sara E. Scanga, Trevor J. Willis, Daniel J. Metcalfe, Mark Williamson, Joshua S. Madin, Tasrif Kartawijaya, Brian J. McGill, Erica M. Sampaio, Shannan K. Crow, Stephen P. Hubbell, Jochen Schmidt, Daniel C. Reed, Steven Degraer, Laura H. Antão, Krzysztof Pabis, Christopher C. Koenig, Fernando Carvalho, Marcelo Vianna, Anne E. Magurran, Marc Estiarte, Rebecca Kinnear, Tracey Smart, Lesley T. Lancaster, Frank P. Day, Natalia Norden, Unai Cotano, Fábio Z. Farneda, Nelson Valdivia, Corinna Gries, Tomasz Wesołowski, Pedro Higuchi, Jungwon Kang, Randall W. Myster, Itai van Rijn, Oscar Pizarro, Michael L. Zettler, Simon Thorn, Thomas W. Sherry, Timothy E. Dunn, Tung-Yung Fan, Susan Boyd, Adrià López-Baucells, Tomáš Vrška, Tory J. Chase, Ruben Escribano, R. Williams, Carolina Mathias Moreira, John F. Chamblee, Con Quang Vu, Halvor Knutsen, Amanda E. Bates, Maria Dornelas, Kari Klanderud, Jorge Yoshio Tamashiro, Tom Moens, Sara L. Webb, Iain Matthews, Carl Van Colen, Chao-Yang Kuo, Caya Sievers, Faith A. M. Jones, Gary Haskins, Eric J. Woehler, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Allen H. Hurlbert, Mia O. Hoogenboom, Pamela Hidalgo, Henry A. Ruhl, Brian S. Evans, Ørjan Totland, Lien Van Vu, Yzel Rondon Súarez, Gabriella Damasceno, Even Moland, John Harte, Andrew Naumov, Ethan P. White, Natália Macedo Ivanauskas, Systems Ecology, International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, Oostende, Safety science group, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Department of Biology [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Management Unit of the Mathematical Model of the North Sea, Royal Belgian Insitute of Natural Sciences, Floresta Estadual Assis, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Polar Oceans Research Group [USA], Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), EWHALE Laboratory of Biology and Wildlife Department, Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, University of Lódź, Dept Ecol Evol Biol, Univ California SC (EEB-UCSC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Département de chimie-biologie & Centre d’études nordiques [CANADA], Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Human Communication Technologies Research Laboratory (UBC), University of British Columbia (UBC), Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Department of Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Marine Research Station, Computer Laboratory [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Forest Research (CFR), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), The Centre for Applied Genomics, Toronto, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica en el Pacífico Sur Oriental (COPAS), Universidad de Concepción [Chile], Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Department of Biological Science [Tallahassee], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Communication Systems Group [Zurich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Academia Sinica, Facultad Ciencias del Mar, universidad catolica del Norte, Marine Biology Section, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Avian Ecology, Wrocław University, Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), European Project: 610028,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-SyG,IMBALANCE-P(2014), Dornelas, Maria, University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Fish Behaviour and Biodiversity Research Group, University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Institute, University of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews. Sediment Ecology Research Group, University of St Andrews. Centre for Higher Education Research, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Tel Aviv University (TAU), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Flødevigen Research Station (IMR), Institute of Marine Research [Bergen] (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), University of Wrocław [Poland] (UWr), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Toronto-The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Dornelas M., Antao L.H., Moyes F., Bates A.E., Magurran A.E., Adam D., Akhmetzhanova A.A., Appeltans W., Arcos J.M., Arnold H., Ayyappan N., Badihi G., Baird A.H., Barbosa M., Barreto T.E., Bassler C., Bellgrove A., Belmaker J., Benedetti-Cecchi L., Bett B.J., Bjorkman A.D., Blazewicz M., Blowes S.A., Bloch C.P., Bonebrake T.C., Boyd S., Bradford M., Brooks A.J., Brown J.H., Bruelheide H., Budy P., Carvalho F., Castaneda-Moya E., Chen C.A., Chamblee J.F., Chase T.J., Siegwart Collier L., Collinge S.K., Condit R., Cooper E.J., Cornelissen J.H.C., Cotano U., Kyle Crow S., Damasceno G., Davies C.H., Davis R.A., Day F.P., Degraer S., Doherty T.S., Dunn T.E., Durigan G., Duffy J.E., Edelist D., Edgar G.J., Elahi R., Elmendorf S.C., Enemar A., Ernest S.K.M., Escribano R., Estiarte M., Evans B.S., Fan T.-Y., Turini Farah F., Loureiro Fernandes L., Farneda F.Z., Fidelis A., Fitt R., Fosaa A.M., Daher Correa Franco G.A., Frank G.E., Fraser W.R., Garcia H., Cazzolla Gatti R., Givan O., Gorgone-Barbosa E., Gould W.A., Gries C., Grossman G.D., Gutierrez J.R., Hale S., Harmon M.E., Harte J., Haskins G., Henshaw D.L., Hermanutz L., Hidalgo P., Higuchi P., Hoey A., Van Hoey G., Hofgaard A., Holeck K., Hollister R.D., Holmes R., Hoogenboom M., Hsieh C.-H., Hubbell S.P., Huettmann F., Huffard C.L., Hurlbert A.H., Macedo Ivanauskas N., Janik D., Jandt U., Jazdzewska A., Johannessen T., Johnstone J., Jones J., Jones F.A.M., Kang J., Kartawijaya T., Keeley E.C., Kelt D.A., Kinnear R., Klanderud K., Knutsen H., Koenig C.C., Kortz A.R., Kral K., Kuhnz L.A., Kuo C.-Y., Kushner D.J., Laguionie-Marchais C., Lancaster L.T., Min Lee C., Lefcheck J.S., Levesque E., Lightfoot D., Lloret F., Lloyd J.D., Lopez-Baucells A., Louzao M., Madin J.S., Magnusson B., Malamud S., Matthews I., McFarland K.P., McGill B., McKnight D., McLarney W.O., Meador J., Meserve P.L., Metcalfe D.J., Meyer C.F.J., Michelsen A., Milchakova N., Moens T., Moland E., Moore J., Mathias Moreira C., Muller J., Murphy G., Myers-Smith I.H., Myster R.W., Naumov A., Neat F., Nelson J.A., Paul Nelson M., Newton S.F., Norden N., Oliver J.C., Olsen E.M., Onipchenko V.G., Pabis K., Pabst R.J., Paquette A., Pardede S., Paterson D.M., Pelissier R., Penuelas J., Perez-Matus A., Pizarro O., Pomati F., Post E., Prins H.H.T., Priscu J.C., Provoost P., Prudic K.L., Pulliainen E., Ramesh B.R., Mendivil Ramos O., Rassweiler A., Rebelo J.E., Reed D.C., Reich P.B., Remillard S.M., Richardson A.J., Richardson J.P., van Rijn I., Rocha R., Rivera-Monroy V.H., Rixen C., Robinson K.P., Ribeiro Rodrigues R., de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres D., Rudstam L., Ruhl H., Ruz C.S., Sampaio E.M., Rybicki N., Rypel A., Sal S., Salgado B., Santos F.A.M., Savassi-Coutinho A.P., Scanga S., Schmidt J., Schooley R., Setiawan F., Shao K.-T., Shaver G.R., Sherman S., Sherry T.W., Sicinski J., Sievers C., da Silva A.C., Rodrigues da Silva F., Silveira F.L., Slingsby J., Smart T., Snell S.J., Soudzilovskaia N.A., Souza G.B.G., Maluf Souza F., Castro Souza V., Stallings C.D., Stanforth R., Stanley E.H., Mauro Sterza J., Stevens M., Stuart-Smith R., Rondon Suarez Y., Supp S., Yoshio Tamashiro J., Tarigan S., Thiede G.P., Thorn S., Tolvanen A., Teresa Zugliani Toniato M., Totland O., Twilley R.R., Vaitkus G., Valdivia N., Vallejo M.I., Valone T.J., Van Colen C., Vanaverbeke J., Venturoli F., Verheye H.M., Vianna M., Vieira R.P., Vrska T., Quang Vu C., Van Vu L., Waide R.B., Waldock C., Watts D., Webb S., Wesolowski T., White E.P., Widdicombe C.E., Wilgers D., Williams R., Williams S.B., Williamson M., Willig M.R., Willis T.J., Wipf S., Woods K.D., Woehler E.J., Zawada K., Zettler M.L., The Wellcome Trust, European Research Council, and University of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversity

Subjects
Data Papers, 0106 biological sciences, Range (biology), QH301 Biology, temporal, NERC, Biodiversity, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], BIALOWIEZA NATIONAL-PARK, special, computer.software_genre, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, species richness, SDG 15 - Life on Land, biodiversity, Global and Planetary Change, B003-ecology, Database, Ecology, Sampling (statistics), SIMULATED HERBIVORY, supporting technologies, LAND-BRIDGE ISLANDS, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, global, PRIMEVAL TEMPERATE FOREST, Geography, POPULATION TRENDS, turnover, Data Paper, SECONDARY FOREST, Evolution, ESTUARINE COASTAL LAGOON, 010603 evolutionary biology, QH301, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Behavior and Systematics, Anthropocene, spatial, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480, species richne, 14. Life underwater, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, NE/L002531/1, ZA4450, Relative species abundance, ZA4450 Databases, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, RCUK, Biology and Life Sciences, DAS, 15. Life on land, DECIDUOUS FOREST, Taxon, Fish, 13. Climate action, MCP, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, LONG-TERM CHANGE, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, computer, BIRD COMMUNITY DYNAMICS, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480
Abstract

Motivation The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene. Main types of variables included The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record. Spatial location and grain BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2). Time period and grain BioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year. Major taxa and level of measurement BioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates. Software format .csv and .SQL., Global Ecology and Biogeography, 27 (7), ISSN:1466-822X, ISSN:1466-8238

Published
2018

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