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2. The global abundance of tree palms

Author

Muscarella, Robert, Emilio, Thaise, Phillips, Oliver L, Lewis, Simon L, Slik, Ferry, Baker, William J, Couvreur, Thomas LP, Eiserhardt, Wolf L, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, Affum‐Baffoe, Kofi, Aiba, Shin‐Ichiro, Almeida, Everton C, Almeida, Samuel S, Oliveira, Edmar Almeida, Álvarez‐Dávila, Esteban, Alves, Luciana F, Alvez‐Valles, Carlos Mariano, Carvalho, Fabrício Alvim, Guarin, Fernando Alzate, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis EOC, Murakami, Alejandro Araujo, Arroyo, Luzmila, Ashton, Peter S, Corredor, Gerardo A Aymard, Baker, Timothy R, Camargo, Plinio Barbosa, Barlow, Jos, Bastin, Jean‐François, Bengone, Natacha Nssi, Berenguer, Erika, Berry, Nicholas, Blanc, Lilian, Böhning‐Gaese, Katrin, Bonal, Damien, Bongers, Frans, Bradford, Matt, Brambach, Fabian, Brearley, Francis Q, Brewer, Steven W, Camargo, Jose LC, Campbell, David G, Castilho, Carolina V, Castro, Wendeson, Catchpole, Damien, Martínez, Carlos E Cerón, Chen, Shengbin, Chhang, Phourin, Cho, Percival, Chutipong, Wanlop, Clark, Connie, Collins, Murray, Comiskey, James A, Medina, Massiel Nataly Corrales, Costa, Flávia RC, Culmsee, Heike, David‐Higuita, Heriberto, Davidar, Priya, Aguila‐Pasquel, Jhon, Derroire, Géraldine, Di Fiore, Anthony, Van Do, Tran, Doucet, Jean‐Louis, Dourdain, Aurélie, Drake, Donald R, Ensslin, Andreas, Erwin, Terry, Ewango, Corneille EN, Ewers, Robert M, Fauset, Sophie, Feldpausch, Ted R, Ferreira, Joice, Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Fischer, Markus, Franklin, Janet, Fredriksson, Gabriella M, Gillespie, Thomas W, Gilpin, Martin, Gonmadje, Christelle, Gunatilleke, Arachchige Upali Nimal, Hakeem, Khalid Rehman, Hall, Jefferson S, Hamer, Keith C, Harris, David J, Harrison, Rhett D, Hector, Andrew, Hemp, Andreas, Herault, Bruno, Pizango, Carlos Gabriel Hidalgo, Coronado, Eurídice N Honorio, Hubau, Wannes, Hussain, Mohammad Shah, Ibrahim, Faridah‐Hanum, Imai, Nobuo, Joly, Carlos A, Joseph, Shijo, Anitha, K, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kassi, Justin, and Killeen, Timothy J

Subjects
Life on Land, above-ground biomass, abundance patterns, Arecaceae, local abiotic conditions, Neotropics, pantropical biogeography, tropical rainforest, wood density, Ecology
Abstract

Aim: Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location: Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Palms (Arecaceae). Methods: We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co-occurring non-palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results: On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long-term climate stability. Life-form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non-tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above-ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions: Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests.

Published
2020

3. Global patterns of vascular plant alpha diversity

Author

Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Jandt, Ute, Chytrý, Milan, Field, Richard, Kessler, Michael, Lenoir, Jonathan, Schrodt, Franziska, Wiser, Susan K., Arfin Khan, Mohammed A. S., Attorre, Fabio, Cayuela, Luis, De Sanctis, Michele, Dengler, Jürgen, Haider, Sylvia, Hatim, Mohamed Z., Indreica, Adrian, Jansen, Florian, Pauchard, Aníbal, Peet, Robert K., Petřík, Petr, Pillar, Valério D., Sandel, Brody, Schmidt, Marco, Tang, Zhiyao, van Bodegom, Peter, Vassilev, Kiril, Violle, Cyrille, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Davidar, Priya, Dolezal, Jiri, Hérault, Bruno, Galán-de-Mera, Antonio, Jiménez, Jorge, Kambach, Stephan, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kreft, Holger, Lezama, Felipe, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, N’Dja, Justin K., Phillips, Oliver L., Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, Sklenář, Petr, Speziale, Karina, Strohbach, Ben J., Vásquez Martínez, Rodolfo, Wang, Hua-Feng, Wesche, Karsten, and Bruelheide, Helge

Published
2022
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4. Phylogenetic classification of the world’s tropical forests

Author

Slik, JW Ferry, Franklin, Janet, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Field, Richard, Aguilar, Salomon, Aguirre, Nikolay, Ahumada, Jorge, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Alves, Luciana F, K, Anitha, Avella, Andres, Mora, Francisco, Aymard C, Gerardo A, Báez, Selene, Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, Meredith L, Bastin, Jean-François, Bellingham, Peter J, van den Berg, Eduardo, da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna, Boeckx, Pascal, Boehning-Gaese, Katrin, Bongers, Frans, Boyle, Brad, Brambach, Fabian, Brearley, Francis Q, Brown, Sandra, Chai, Shauna-Lee, Chazdon, Robin L, Chen, Shengbin, Chhang, Phourin, Chuyong, George, Ewango, Corneille, Coronado, Indiana M, Cristóbal-Azkarate, Jurgi, Culmsee, Heike, Damas, Kipiro, Dattaraja, HS, Davidar, Priya, DeWalt, Saara J, Din, Hazimah, Drake, Donald R, Duque, Alvaro, Durigan, Giselda, Eichhorn, Karl, Eler, Eduardo Schmidt, Enoki, Tsutomu, Ensslin, Andreas, Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain, Farwig, Nina, Feeley, Kenneth J, Fischer, Markus, Forshed, Olle, Garcia, Queila Souza, Garkoti, Satish Chandra, Gillespie, Thomas W, Gillet, Jean-Francois, Gonmadje, Christelle, Granzow-de la Cerda, Iñigo, Griffith, Daniel M, Grogan, James, Hakeem, Khalid Rehman, Harris, David J, Harrison, Rhett D, Hector, Andy, Hemp, Andreas, Homeier, Jürgen, Hussain, M Shah, Ibarra-Manríquez, Guillermo, Hanum, I Faridah, Imai, Nobuo, Jansen, Patrick A, Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Joseph, Shijo, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kelly, Daniel L, Kessler, Michael, Killeen, Timothy J, Kooyman, Robert M, Laumonier, Yves, Laurance, Susan G, Laurance, William F, Lawes, Michael J, Letcher, Susan G, Lindsell, Jeremy, Lovett, Jon, Lozada, Jose, Lu, Xinghui, Lykke, Anne Mette, Mahmud, Khairil Bin, Mahayani, Ni Putu Diana, Mansor, Asyraf, Marshall, Andrew R, Martin, Emanuel H, Calderado Leal Matos, Darley, Meave, Jorge A, Melo, Felipe PL, Mendoza, Zhofre Huberto Aguirre, and Metali, Faizah

Subjects
Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Monitoring, Forests, Phylogeny, Plants, Tropical Climate, biogeographic legacies, forest classification, forest functional similarity, phylogenetic community distance, tropical forests
Abstract

Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses to global environmental change. Modern phylogenies, in combination with broad coverage of species inventory data, now allow for global biogeographic analyses that take species evolutionary distance into account. Here we present a classification of the world's tropical forests based on their phylogenetic similarity. We identify five principal floristic regions and their floristic relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. Our results do not support the traditional neo- versus paleotropical forest division but instead separate the combined American and African forests from their Indo-Pacific counterparts. We also find indications for the existence of a global dry forest region, with representatives in America, Africa, Madagascar, and India. Additionally, a northern-hemisphere Subtropical forest region was identified with representatives in Asia and America, providing support for a link between Asian and American northern-hemisphere forests.

Published
2018

5. Conservation implications of high gene flow and lack of pronounced spatial genetic structure in elephants supported by contiguous suitable habitat in north‐western India

Author

De, Rahul, primary, Sharma, Reeta, additional, Singh, Sujeet Kumar, additional, Rasteiro, Rita, additional, Bhaskar, Ranjana, additional, Khan, Imran, additional, Kanagaraj, Rajapandian, additional, Kakati, Kashmira, additional, Nigam, Parag, additional, Williams, A. Christy, additional, Davidar, Priya, additional, Habib, Bilal, additional, and Goyal, Surendra Prakash, additional

Published
2024
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6. Predicting range shifts of Asian elephants under global change

Author

Kanagaraj, Rajapandian, Araújo, Miguel B., Barman, Rathin, Davidar, Priya, De, Rahul, Digal, Dinesh K., Gopi, G. V., Johnsingh, A. J. T., Kakati, Kashmira, Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie, Lamichhane, Babu R., Lyngdoh, Salvador, Madhusudan, M. D., Najar, Muneer Ul Islam, Parida, Jyotirmayee, Pradhan, Narendra M. B., Puyravaud, Jean-Philippe, Raghunath, R., Rahim, P. P. Abdul, Selvan, K. Muthamizh, Subedi, Naresh, Trabucco, Antonio, Udayraj, Swati, Wiegand, Thorsten, Williams, Amirtharaj C., and Goyal, Surendra P.

Published
2019

7. A critique of the Right of Passage as a guide to elephant corridors in India.

Author

Puyravaud, Jean‐Philippe, Davidar, Priya, and Cushman, Samuel A.

Subjects
*WILDLIFE conservation, *ASIATIC elephant, *VERNAL pools, *BIOSPHERE reserves, *LANDSCAPE ecology
Abstract

The article is a critique of the Right of Passage (ROP) document, which identifies elephant corridors in India for conservation purposes. The authors argue that the ROP lacks a working definition of "corridor" and does not use rigorous scientific methods to identify and validate corridors. They also point out that the ROP misses important existing corridors and fails to consider the hierarchical nature of corridor networks. The authors recommend using more objective modeling methods to map and prioritize elephant corridors in India. They emphasize the need for accurate and comprehensive information to guide conservation efforts. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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8. Pan-tropical prediction of forest structure from the largest trees

Author

Bastin, Jean-François, Rutishauser, Ervan, Kellner, James R., Saatchi, Sassan, Pélissier, Raphael, Hérault, Bruno, Slik, Ferry, Bogaert, Jan, De Cannière, Charles, Marshall, Andrew R., Poulsen, John, Alvarez-Loyayza, Patricia, Andrade, Ana, Angbonga-Basia, Albert, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Ayyappan, Narayanan, de Azevedo, Celso Paulo, Banki, Olaf, Barbier, Nicolas, Barroso, Jorcely G., Beeckman, Hans, Bitariho, Robert, Boeckx, Pascal, Boehning-Gaese, Katrin, Brandão, Hilandia, Brearley, Francis Q., Hockemba, Mireille Breuer Ndoundou, Brienen, Roel, Camargo, Jose Luis C., Campos-Arceiz, Ahimsa, Cassart, Benoit, Chave, Jérôme, Chazdon, Robin, Chuyong, Georges, Clark, David B., Clark, Connie J., Condit, Richard, Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio, Davidar, Priya, de Haulleville, Thalès, Descroix, Laurent, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Dourdain, Aurelie, Droissart, Vincent, Duncan, Thomas, Espejo, Javier Silva, Espinosa, Santiago, Farwig, Nina, Fayolle, Adeline, Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferraz, Antonio, Fletcher, Christine, Gajapersad, Krisna, Gillet, Jean-François, do Amaral, Iêda Leão, Gonmadje, Christelle, Grogan, James, Harris, David, Herzog, Sebastian K., Homeier, Jürgen, Hubau, Wannes, Hubbell, Stephen P., Hufkens, Koen, Hurtado, Johanna, Kamdem, Narcisse G., Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kenfack, David, Kessler, Michael, Labrière, Nicolas, Laumonier, Yves, Laurance, Susan, Laurance, William F., Lewis, Simon L., Libalah, Moses B., Ligot, Gauthier, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Marimon, Beatriz S., Junior, Ben Hur Marimon, Martin, Emmanuel H., Matius, Paulus, Meyer, Victoria, Bautista, Casimero Mendoza, Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, Mtui, Arafat, Neill, David, Gutierrez, Germaine Alexander Parada, Pardo, Guido, Parren, Marc, Parthasarathy, N., Phillips, Oliver L., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Ploton, Pierre, Ponette, Quentin, Ramesh, B. R., Razafimahaimodison, Jean-Claude, Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, Rolim, Samir Gonçalves, Saltos, Hugo Romero, Rossi, Luiz Marcelo Brum, Spironello, Wilson Roberto, Rovero, Francesco, Saner, Philippe, Sasaki, Denise, Schulze, Mark, Silveira, Marcos, Singh, James, Sist, Plinio, Sonke, Bonaventure, Soto, J. Daniel, de Souza, Cintia Rodrigues, Stropp, Juliana, Sullivan, Martin J. P., Swanepoel, Ben, ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Texier, Nicolas, Toma, Takeshi, Valencia, Renato, Valenzuela, Luis, Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Van Andel, Tinde R., Vasque, Rodolfo, Verbeeck, Hans, Vivek, Pandi, Vleminckx, Jason, Vos, Vincent A., Wagner, Fabien H., Papi Puspa, Warsudi, Wortel, Verginia, Zagt, Roderick J., and Zebaze, Donatien

Published
2018

9. An estimate of the number of tropical tree species

Author

Slik, JW Ferry, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alves, Luciana F, Ashton, Peter, Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, Meredith L, Bellingham, Peter J, van den Berg, Eduardo, Bernacci, Luis, da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna, Blanc, Lilian, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boeckx, Pascal, Bongers, Frans, Boyle, Brad, Bradford, Matt, Brearley, Francis Q, Hockemba, Mireille Breuer-Ndoundou, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Matos, Darley Calderado Leal, Castillo-Santiago, Miguel, Catharino, Eduardo LM, Chai, Shauna-Lee, Chen, Yukai, Colwell, Robert K, Chazdon, Robin L, Clark, Connie, Clark, David B, Clark, Deborah A, Culmsee, Heike, Damas, Kipiro, Dattaraja, Handanakere S, Dauby, Gilles, Davidar, Priya, DeWalt, Saara J, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Duque, Alvaro, Durigan, Giselda, Eichhorn, Karl AO, Eisenlohr, Pedro V, Eler, Eduardo, Ewango, Corneille, Farwig, Nina, Feeley, Kenneth J, Ferreira, Leandro, Field, Richard, de Oliveira Filho, Ary T, Fletcher, Christine, Forshed, Olle, Franco, Geraldo, Fredriksson, Gabriella, Gillespie, Thomas, Gillet, Jean-François, Amarnath, Giriraj, Griffith, Daniel M, Grogan, James, Gunatilleke, Nimal, Harris, David, Harrison, Rhett, Hector, Andy, Homeier, Jürgen, Imai, Nobuo, Itoh, Akira, Jansen, Patrick A, Joly, Carlos A, de Jong, Bernardus HJ, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kelly, Daniel L, Kenfack, David, Kessler, Michael, Kitayama, Kanehiro, Kooyman, Robert, Larney, Eileen, Laumonier, Yves, Laurance, Susan, Laurance, William F, Lawes, Michael J, do Amaral, Ieda Leao, Letcher, Susan G, Lindsell, Jeremy, Lu, Xinghui, Mansor, Asyraf, Marjokorpi, Antti, Martin, Emanuel H, Meilby, Henrik, Melo, Felipe PL, Metcalfe, Daniel J, Medjibe, Vincent P, Metzger, Jean Paul, Millet, Jerome, Mohandass, D, Montero, Juan C, de Morisson Valeriano, Márcio, Mugerwa, Badru, Nagamasu, Hidetoshi, Nilus, Reuben, and Ochoa-Gaona, Susana

Subjects
Life Below Water, Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources, Databases, Factual, Ecosystem, Forests, Phylogeography, Rainforest, Species Specificity, Statistics, Nonparametric, Trees, Tropical Climate, diversity estimation, Fisher's log series, pantropical, spatial richness patterns, tropical tree species richness, Fisher’s log series
Abstract

The high species richness of tropical forests has long been recognized, yet there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the actual number of tropical tree species. Using a pantropical tree inventory database from closed canopy forests, consisting of 657,630 trees belonging to 11,371 species, we use a fitted value of Fisher's alpha and an approximate pantropical stem total to estimate the minimum number of tropical forest tree species to fall between ∼ 40,000 and ∼ 53,000, i.e., at the high end of previous estimates. Contrary to common assumption, the Indo-Pacific region was found to be as species-rich as the Neotropics, with both regions having a minimum of ∼ 19,000-25,000 tree species. Continental Africa is relatively depauperate with a minimum of ∼ 4,500-6,000 tree species. Very few species are shared among the African, American, and the Indo-Pacific regions. We provide a methodological framework for estimating species richness in trees that may help refine species richness estimates of tree-dependent taxa.

Published
2015

19. Global patterns of vascular plant alpha diversity

Author

Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Jandt, Ute, Chytrý, Milan, Field, Richard, Kessler, Michael, Lenoir, Jonathan, Schrodt, Franziska, Wiser, Susan K., Arfin Khan, Mohammed A. S., Attorre, Fabio, Cayuela, Luis, De Sanctis, Michele, Dengler, Jürgen, Haider, Sylvia, Hatim, Mohamed Z., Indreica, Adrian, Jansen, Florian, Pauchard, Aníbal, Peet, Robert K., Petřík, Petr, Pillar, Valério D., Sandel, Brody, Schmidt, Marco, Tang, Zhiyao, van Bodegom, Peter, Vassilev, Kiril, Violle, Cyrille, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Davidar, Priya, Dolezal, Jiri, Hérault, Bruno, Galán-de-Mera, Antonio, Jiménez, Jorge, Kambach, Stephan, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kreft, Holger, Lezama, Felipe, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, N'Dja, Justin K., Phillips, Oliver L., Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, Sklenář, Petr, Speziale, Karina, Strohbach, Ben J., Vásquez Martínez, Rodolfo, Wang, Hua-Feng, Wesche, Karsten, Bruelheide, Helge, Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Jandt, Ute, Chytrý, Milan, Field, Richard, Kessler, Michael, Lenoir, Jonathan, Schrodt, Franziska, Wiser, Susan K., Arfin Khan, Mohammed A. S., Attorre, Fabio, Cayuela, Luis, De Sanctis, Michele, Dengler, Jürgen, Haider, Sylvia, Hatim, Mohamed Z., Indreica, Adrian, Jansen, Florian, Pauchard, Aníbal, Peet, Robert K., Petřík, Petr, Pillar, Valério D., Sandel, Brody, Schmidt, Marco, Tang, Zhiyao, van Bodegom, Peter, Vassilev, Kiril, Violle, Cyrille, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Davidar, Priya, Dolezal, Jiri, Hérault, Bruno, Galán-de-Mera, Antonio, Jiménez, Jorge, Kambach, Stephan, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Kreft, Holger, Lezama, Felipe, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, N'Dja, Justin K., Phillips, Oliver L., Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, Sklenář, Petr, Speziale, Karina, Strohbach, Ben J., Vásquez Martínez, Rodolfo, Wang, Hua-Feng, Wesche, Karsten, and Bruelheide, Helge

Abstract

Global patterns of regional (gamma) plant diversity are relatively well known, but whether these patterns hold for local communities, and the dependence on spatial grain, remain controversial. Using data on 170,272 georeferenced local plant assemblages, we created global maps of alpha diversity (local species richness) for vascular plants at three different spatial grains, for forests and non-forests. We show that alpha diversity is consistently high across grains in some regions (for example, Andean-Amazonian foothills), but regional 'scaling anomalies' (deviations from the positive correlation) exist elsewhere, particularly in Eurasian temperate forests with disproportionally higher fine-grained richness and many African tropical forests with disproportionally higher coarse-grained richness. The influence of different climatic, topographic and biogeographical variables on alpha diversity also varies across grains. Our multi-grain maps return a nuanced understanding of vascular plant biodiversity patterns that complements classic maps of biodiversity hotspots and will improve predictions of global change effects on biodiversity.

Published
2023

25. Connect elephant habitats in Asia

Author

Davidar, Priya, primary, Sharma, Reeta, additional, de Silva, Shermin, additional, Campos-Arceiz, Ahimsa, additional, Goossens, Benoit, additional, Puyravaud, Jean-Philippe, additional, Habib, Bilal, additional, De, Rahul, additional, Wong, Ee Phin, additional, Neupane, Dinesh, additional, Othman, Nurzhafarina Binti, additional, and Goyal, S. P., additional

Published
2023
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30. Fencing Can Alter Gene Flow of Asian Elephant Populations within Protected Areas

Author

Puyravaud, Jean-Philippe, primary, Cushman, Samuel A., additional, Reddy, P. Anuradha, additional, Boominathan, Durairaj, additional, Sharma, Reeta, additional, Arumugam, Neelakantan, additional, Selvan, Kanagaraj Muthamizh, additional, Mohanraj, Nagarathinam, additional, Arulmozhi, Sedupathy, additional, Rahim, Abdul, additional, Kalam, Tamanna, additional, De, Rahul, additional, Udayraj, Swati, additional, Luis, Andrea, additional, Najar, Muneer Ul Islam, additional, Raman, Kothandapani, additional, Krishnakumar, Bawa Mothilal, additional, Goyal, Surendra Prakash, additional, and Davidar, Priya, additional

Published
2022
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37. Species–area relationships in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands emerge because rarer species are disproportionately favored on larger islands

Author

Gooriah, Leana D., Davidar, Priya, and Chase, Jonathan M.

Subjects
disproportionate effects, island biogeography, lcsh:QH540-549.5, gamma diversity, beta diversity, alpha diversity, individual‐based rarefaction, lcsh:Ecology, heterogeneity, passive sampling, species–area relationship, Original Research
Abstract

The island species–area relationship (ISAR) describes how the number of species increases with increasing size of an island (or island‐like habitat), and is of fundamental importance in island biogeography and conservation. Here, we use a framework based on individual‐based rarefaction to infer whether ISARs result from passive sampling, or whether some processes are acting beyond sampling (e.g., disproportionate effects and/or habitat heterogeneity). Using data on total and relative abundances of four taxa (birds, butterflies, amphibians, and reptiles) from multiple islands in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago, we examine how different metrics of biodiversity (total species richness, rarefied species richness, and abundance‐weighted effective numbers of species emphasizing common species) vary with island area. Total species richness increased for all taxa, as did rarefied species richness controlling for a given sampling effort. This indicates that the ISAR did not result because of passive sampling, but that instead, some species were disproportionately favored on larger islands. For birds, frogs, and lizards, this disproportionate effect was only associated with species that were rarer in the samples, but for butterflies, both more common and rarer species were affected. Furthermore, for the two taxa for which we had plot‐level data (reptiles and amphibians), within‐island β‐diversity did not increase with island size, suggesting that within‐island compositional effects were unlikely to be driving these ISARs. Overall, our results indicate that the ISARs of these taxa are most likely driven by disproportionate effects, that is, where larger islands are important sources of biodiversity beyond a simple sampling expectation, especially through their influence on rarer species, thus emphasizing their role in the preservation and conservation of species., Here, we show that the island species–area relationships (ISARs) of birds, butterflies, amphibians, and reptiles in the Andaman and Nicobar islands are a result of processes beyond random sampling, where species are disproportionately favored on larger islands. Using an abundance‐weighted diversity measure, we show that this disproportionate effect is primarily due to changes in the abundance of rare species. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of larger islands as sources of rare species.

Published
2020

45. In this issue

Author

Davidar, Priya and Corlett, Richard

Published
2007

48. Pan-India population genetics signifies the importance of habitat connectivity for wild Asian elephant conservation

Author

De, Rahul, primary, Sharma, Reeta, additional, Davidar, Priya, additional, Arumugam, N., additional, Sedhupathy, Arulmozhi, additional, Puyravaud, Jean-Philippe, additional, Selvan, K. Muthamizh, additional, Rahim, P.P. Abdul, additional, Udayraj, Swati, additional, Parida, Jyotirmayee, additional, Digal, Dinesh Kumar, additional, Kanagaraj, Rajapandian, additional, Kakati, Kashmira, additional, Nigam, Parag, additional, Williams, A. Christy, additional, Habib, Bilal, additional, and Goyal, Surendra Prakash, additional

Published
2021
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