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We present a detailed analysis of the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of a ferroelectric PbTiO3 thin film deposited in a composition-spread geometry enabling a continuous range of compositions from ∼25% titanium deficient to ∼20% titanium rich to be studied. By fitting the experimental results to the Debye model we deconvolute and quantify the two main phonon-scattering sources in the system: ferroelectric domain walls (DWs) and point defects. Our results prove that ferroelectric DWs are the main agent limiting the thermal conductivity in this system, not only in the stoichiometric region of the thin film ([Pb]/[Ti] ≈ 1) but also when the concentration of the cation point defects is significant (up to ∼15%). Hence, DWs in ferroelectric materials are a source of phonon scattering at least as effective as point defects. Our results demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of using reconfigurable DWs to control the thermal conductivity in solid-state devices., This work received financial support from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) under project nos. MAT2016-80762-R, PID2019-104150RB-100, and PGC2018-097789-B-I00, Xunta de Galicia (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia Accreditation 2019-2022, ED431G 2019/03), the European Union (European Regional Development Fund-ERDF), and the European Commission through the Horizon H2020 funding by H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016-Project No. 734187-SPICOLOST. E.L. is a Serra Húnter Fellow (Generalitat de Catalunya). E.L. acknowledges funding received from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions: Individual Fellowship-Global Fellowship (ref. MSCA-IF-GF-708129). D.B. acknowledges financial support from MINECO (Spain) through an FPI fellowship (BES-2017-079688). The work at Cornell was supported by the Army Research Office under grant W911NF-16-1-0315. H.P. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation [Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials (PARADIM)] under Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1539918.

We report the disentanglement of bulk and interfacial contributions to the thermally excited magnon spin current in the spin Seebeck effect under static heating. For this purpose, we have studied the dependence of the inverse spin Hall voltage and the thermal conductivity on the magnetic layer thickness. Knowledge of these quantities allows us to take into account the influence of both sources of thermal spin current in the analysis of the voltage dependence. The magnetic layer thickness modulates the relative magnitude of the involved thermal drops for a fixed total thermal difference throughout the sample. In the end, we attain the separate contributions of both sources of thermal spin current—bulk and interfacial—and obtain the value of the thermal magnon accumulation length scale in maghemite, which we find to be 29(1) nm. According to our results, bulk magnon accumulation dominates the spin Seebeck effect in our studied range of thicknesses, but the interfacial component is by no means negligible., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science [through Project Nos. MAT2014-51982-C2-R, MAT2016-80762-R, MAT2017-82970-C2-R, and PID2019-104150RB-I00 (including FEDER funding) and the Aragón Regional government (Project No. E26)]. P.J.-C. acknowledges Spanish MECD for support through FPU program (Reference No. FPU014/02546). D.B. acknowledges support from MINECO (Spain) through an FPI program (No. BES-2017-079688). R.R. also acknowledges support from the European Commission through the Project No. 734187-SPICOLOST (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Grant Agreement SPEC No. 894006, and the Spanish Ministry of Science (No. RYC 2019-026915-I). Authors acknowledge the Advanced Microscopy Laboratory-INA University of Zaragoza for offering access to their instruments. C. L-B. acknowledges Xunta de Galicia and ESF for a PhD Grant (ED481A-2018/013).

We introduce a single-step lithography process based on Ga+-focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation to trigger a topotactic transformation on SrFeO3−δ thin films, from the perovskite to the brownmillerite (BM) crystal structure. The crystallographic transformation is triggered by preferential oxygen sputtering by Ga+-FIB irradiation, which favors the formation of the SrFeO2.5 BM phase. The transformation has been verified through micro-Raman spectroscopy on thin films subjected to Ga+-FIB irradiation under 5 kV and 30 kV. Inducing crystallographic transformations by FIB in a single-step process (without the need of resists), at a very high speed (low Ga+ doses are required, in the range of 1015 ions/cm2), with very high spatial resolution (limited by the ion beam spot, of a few square nanometers) and with potential for upscaling using broad Ga+ beams, this approach represents a significant forward step over previous methods using multistep lithographic or electrochemical procedures. All these virtues make this process appealing to develop applications based not only on SrFeO3−δ thin films but also on other oxide films harnessing topotactic transformations., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity through Project Nos. MAT2017-82970-C2-2-R, MAT2018-102627-T, and MAT2016-80762-R (including FEDER funds), by the Aragon Regional Government through Project No. E13_20R (with European Social Fund), by Xunta de Galicia (Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2016–2019, No. ED431G/09), and by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund-ERDF) and the European Commission through the Horizon H2020 funding by H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016-Project No. 734187–SPICOLOST. D.B. acknowledges financial support from Ministerio de Ciencia e Investigación (Spain) through an FPI fellowship (No. BES-2017-079688).

We present the analysis of the thermal conductivity, κ, and heat capacity, Cp, of a wide variety of liquids, covering organic molecular solvents, ionic liquids and water–polymer mixtures. These data were obtained from ≈0.6 μL samples, using an experimental development based on the 3ω method, capable of the simultaneous measurement of κ and Cp. In spite of the different type and strength of interactions, expected in a priori so different systems, the ratio of κ to the sound velocity is approximately constant for all of them. This is the consequence of a similar atomic density for all these liquids, notwithstanding their different molecular structures. This was corroborated experimentally by the observation of a Cp/V ≈ 1.89 × 106 J K−1 m−3 (≈3R/2 per atom), for all liquids studied in this work. Finally, the very small volume of the sample required in this experimental method is an important advantage for the characterization of systems like nanofluids, in which having a large amount of the dispersed phase is sometimes extremely challenging This work was supported by the Ministry of Science of Spain (Projects No. MAT2016-80762-R), the Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria (ED431F 2016/008, and Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2016-2019, ED431G/09), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) SI

Achieving efficient spatial modulation of phonon transmission is an essential step on the path to phononic circuits using "phonon currents". With their intrinsic and reconfigurable interfaces, domain walls (DWs), ferroelectrics are alluring candidates to be harnessed as dynamic heat modulators. This paper reports the thermal conductivity of single-crystal PbTiO

Achieving efficient spatial modulation of phonon transmission is an essential step on the path to phononic circuits using “phonon currents”. With their intrinsic and reconfigurable interfaces, domain walls (DWs), ferroelectrics are alluring candidates to be harnessed as dynamic heat modulators. This paper reports the thermal conductivity of single-crystal PbTiO3 thin films over a wide variety of epitaxial-strain-engineered ferroelectric domain configurations. The phonon transport is proved to be strongly affected by the density and type of DWs, achieving a 61% reduction of the room-temperature thermal conductivity compared to the single-domain scenario. The thermal resistance across the ferroelectric DWs is obtained, revealing a very high value (≈5.0 × 10–9 K m2 W–1), comparable to grain boundaries in oxides, explaining the strong modulation of the thermal conductivity in PbTiO3. This low thermal conductance of the DWs is ascribed to the structural mismatch and polarization gradient found between the different types of domains in the PbTiO3 films, resulting in a structural inhomogeneity that extends several unit cells around the DWs. These findings demonstrate the potential of ferroelectric DWs as efficient regulators of heat flow in one single material, overcoming the complexity of multilayers systems and the uncontrolled distribution of grain boundaries, paving the way for applications in phononics., This work has received financial support from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) under project no. MAT2016-80762-R, Xunta de Galicia (Centro singular de investigacion de Galicia accreditation 2016-2019, ED431 G/09), the European Union (European Regional Development Fund-ERDF), and the European Commission through the Horizon H2020 funding by H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016 project no. 734187-SPICOLOST. E.L. acknowledges the funding received from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions: Individual Fellowship-Global Fellowship (ref. MSCAIF-GF-708129). D.B. acknowledges financial support from MINECO (Spain) through an FPI fellowship (BES-2017- 079688). The work at Cornell was supported by the Army Research Office under grant W911NF-16-1-0315. H.P. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation [Platform for the Accelerated Realization, Analysis, and Discovery of Interface Materials (PARADIM)] under cooperative agreement no. DMR-1539918.