Search

Abstract Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of avoidable blindness in children, particularly in Latin America, where hyperoxia is a significant risk factor. This study evaluated resource availability and use for administering and monitoring supplemental oxygen in Mexico. Methods In 2011, an observational study in which 32 government neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) across Mexico were visited. Data collected included occupancy, staffing levels, and equipment to deliver and monitor supplemental oxygen. Preterm infants receiving oxygen were observed. In 2023, 13 NICUs were revisited, and similar data collected. Staffing levels were benchmarked against Argentinian and US recommendations. Results In 2011, only 38% of NICUs had adequate medical and staffing levels to meet recommended cot-to-staff ratios for all shifts. Staffing ratios were worse during weekends and at night than during weekdays. Only 25.5% of cots had blenders, and 80.1% had saturation monitors. 153 infants were observed 87% of whom were being monitored. Upper and lower oxygen saturations were ≥ 96% in 53%, and ≤ 89% in 8%, respectively. Alarm settings were inadequate, as 38% and 32% of upper and lower alarms were switched off and 16% and 53% were incorrectly set, respectively. In the 13 NICUs with data from 2011 and 2023, cot-to-staff ratios deteriorated over time, and in 2023 no unit had recommended ratios for all shifts. Equipment provision did not change, with similar proportions of babies in oxygen being monitored (79% 2011; 75% 2023). Rates of hyperoxia decreased slightly from 54% in 2011 to 49% in 2023. More upper alarms were set (46% 2011; 75% 2023), but a higher proportion were incorrectly set (52% 2011; 68% 2023). Conclusions Between 2011 and 2023, cot-to-staff ratios worsened, and equipment for safe oxygen delivery and monitoring remained insufficient. Despite available monitoring equipment, oxygen saturations often exceeded recommended levels, and alarms were frequently not set or incorrectly configured. Urgent improvements are needed in healthcare workforce numbers and practices, along with ensuring adequate equipment for safe oxygen delivery.

Abstract Humans are the only species who generate waste materials that cannot be broken down by natural processes. The ideal solution to this waste problem would be to employ only compostable materials. Biodegradable materials play a key role in creating a safer and greener world. Biodegradability is the gift that keeps on giving, in the sense of creating an Earth worth living. The future is thus best served by green energy, sustainability, and renewable resources. To realize such goals, waste should be considered as a valuable resource. In this context, Zea mays (Zm) root fibres, which are normally considered as agricultural waste, can be used as reinforcing substances in polymer matrices to produce structural composite materials. Before being used in composites, such fibres must be analysed for their physical properties. Chemical treatments can be employed to improve the structural quality of fibres, and the changes due to such modification can be analysed. Therefore, the current work examines the effect of permanganate treatment on the surface properties of Zm fibres. The raw and potassium permanganate-treated samples were assayed for various properties. Physical analysis of the fibre samples yielded details concerning the physical aspects of the fibres. The thermal conductivity and moisture absorption behaviour of the samples were analysed. Chemical analysis was employed to characterize the composition of both treated and untreated samples. p-XRD was employed to examine the crystalline nature of the Zm fibres. Numerous functional groups present in each sample were analysed by FTIR. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the thermal stability of Zm fibres. Elemental analysis (CHNS and EDS) was used to determine the elemental concentrations of both raw and treated samples. The surface alterations of Zm fibres brought on by treatment were described using SEM analysis. The characteristics of Zm roots and the changes in quality due to treatment were reviewed, and there were noticeable effects due to the treatment. Both samples would have applications in various fields, and each could be used as a potential reinforcing material in the production of efficient bio-composites.

A pesar de los intentos previos de analizar y combatir la desinformación, siguen resultando escasas las iniciativas capaces de medir el fenómeno de manera amplia y sistemática. Una de las aproximaciones más productivas se ha basado en el estudio de los desmentidos realizados por agencias de verificación. Centrados en el caso español, se ha utilizado un instrumento previamente validado para realizar un análisis de contenido de 4245 desmentidos realizados por Maldito Bulo (perteneciente a la iniciativa Maldita.es, uno de los fact-checkers de referencia en España) entre 2017 y 2022. Se ha identificado la presencia predominante de temáticas sociales, aunque con la política como materia subyacente y transversal, reforzando el rol polarizador de la desinformación. Además, se observó que la mitad de los contenidos desmentidos podían utilizarse para fomentar el odio o el rechazo hacia determinados colectivos. Entre los formatos y plataformas de difusión, destacan los contenidos textuales y Twitter. Respecto a la evolución temporal, junto a una mayor diversidad de formatos y plataformas, se confirma la gran disrupción de la pandemia, tanto en temáticas como en cantidad de desmentidos, sobre todo en 2020. También se observa una mayor presencia de contenidos que pueden fomentar el odio en los dos últimos años de la muestra.

Abstract Background Despite the improvements in the completeness of reporting of randomized trial protocols after the publication of the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trial (SPIRIT) guidelines, many items remain poorly reported. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of using SPIRIT-tailored templates for trial protocols to improve the completeness of reporting of the protocols that master’s students write as part of their master’s theses. Methods Before and after experimental study performed at the University Master’s Degree in Orthopaedic Manual Physiotherapy of the Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (Barcelona, Spain). While students in the post-intervention period were instructed to use a trial protocol template that was tailored to SPIRIT, students in the pre-intervention period did not use the template. Primary outcome: Difference between the pre- and post-intervention periods in the mean number of adequately reported items (0–10 scale). The outcomes were evaluated independently and in duplicate by two blinded assessors. Students and their supervisors were not aware that they were part of a research project. For the statistical analysis, we used a generalized linear regression model (dependent variable: number of adequately reported items in the protocol; independent variables: intervention period, call, language). Results Thirty-four trial protocols were included (17, pre-intervention; 17, post-intervention). Protocols produced during the post-intervention period (mean: 8.24; SD: 1.52) were more completely reported than those produced during the pre-intervention period (mean: 6.35; SD: 1.80); adjusted difference: 1.79 (95% CI: 0.58 to 3.00). Conclusions SPIRIT-based templates could be used to improve the completeness of reporting of randomized trial protocols.

This study assesses the integration of circular economy principles in concrete technology to mitigate the environmental impacts of traditional concrete production and promote sustainable construction practices. Using a comprehensive literature review, the research examines the utilization of various industrial waste materials—such as fly ash, coal bottom ash, palm oil fuel ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, and ground granulated blast furnace slag—as supplementary cementitious materials. The analysis focuses on their properties, environmental benefits, and potential to enhance concrete sustainability. The findings reveal that these industrial wastes can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of concrete production while improving mechanical properties and durability. The materials demonstrate notable pozzolanic characteristics and contribute to enhanced resilience in concrete structures. The study underscores the critical role of circular economy practices in transforming the construction sector, advocating for the adoption of waste-derived SCMs to foster environmental stewardship and sustainable development in the industry.

For fiber technology, new approaches such as biomimetic materials, such as silks, are being intensively explored, providing new solutions for a variety of industries, including textiles, composites, and biomedical engineering. New approaches for spinning or these materials are needed. Despite recent advances in enhancing fiber tensile properties, achieving significant improvement in tensile properties remains a tedious and challenging task, suffering from little to no controlled extrusion process and difficult optimization in high‐dimensional parameter spaces. Herein, a novel robotic biomimetic pulling method that can rapidly enhance fiber tensile properties surpassing current methods in both speed and resulting fiber properties is shown. Using a controlled fiber‐pulling device with in situ tensile measurements and adaptive optimization based on Bayesian Optimization, fiber strength exceeding 300% of the traditional full factorial design method within just a few experimental iterations is reached. The rapid experimental method presents a potential avenue for enhancing the performance of artificial fibers across diverse industries and applications.

The industrial adoption of material extrusion of polymers (MEX/P) is hindered by the geometric quality of manufactured parts. Contact image sensors (CISs), commonly used in flatbed scanners, have been proposed as a suitable technology for layer-wise characterization of contour deviations, paving the way for the application of corrective measures. Nevertheless, despite the high resolution of CIS digital images, the accurate characterization of layer contours in MEX/P is affected by contrast patterns between the layer and the background. Conventional edge-recognition algorithms struggle to comprehensively characterize layer contours, thereby diminishing the reliability of deviation measurements. In this work, we introduce a novel approach to precisely locate contour points in the context of MEX/P based on evaluating the similarity between the grayscale pattern near a particular tentative contour point and a previously defined gradient reference pattern. Initially, contrast patterns corresponding to various contour orientations and layer-to-background distances are captured. Subsequently, contour points are identified and located in the images, with coordinate measuring machine (CMM) verification serving as a ground truth. This information is then utilized by an adaptive edge-detection algorithm (AEDA) designed to identify boundaries in manufactured layers. The proposed method has been evaluated on test targets produced through MEX/P. The results indicate that the average deviation of point position compared to that achievable with a CMM in a metrology laboratory ranges from 8.02 µm to 13.11 µm within the experimental limits. This is a substantial improvement in the reliability of contour reconstruction when compared to previous research, and it could be crucial for implementing routines for the automated detection and correction of geometric deviations in AM parts.

El Acuerdo Final para la Paz estableció que los derechos de las víctimas debían ser el eje central de las políticas públicas de transición hacia la paz. Por esta razón, se consagró el principio de centralidad de las víctimas en la Ley 1957 de 2019, Ley Estatutaria de la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP). Sin embargo, en los instrumentos normativos no se definió el grado idóneo de participación de las víctimas en los trámites judiciales ante la JEP. El profesor colombiano García Arboleda (2020) sostiene que debería permitirse a las víctimas los grados más altos de participación en los procesos judiciales, que incluyen el poder de decisión, de veto y de consulta sin veto, con el fin de fortalecer la esfera pública de duelo. En este artículo, discuto esta propuesta para mostrar que es irrazonable. En su lugar, defiendo la alternativa de que los grados intermedios de participación de las víctimas, como la provisión de información, participación indirecta y expresión incidental, y, en general, una participación restringida y limitada, pueden contribuir a la consolidación de la esfera pública de duelo, como lo respalda la jurisprudencia transicional sobre la materia.

In a new communication context, factors such as the rise of hate speech, disinformation, or a precarious financial and employment situation in the media have made discursive menaces gain increasing significance. Threats of this kind challenge the legitimacy of institutional news media and professional journalists. This article contributes to the existing literature on the legitimization of journalism and boundary work through a study that seeks to understand the perceptions of Southern European journalists of the threats that they encounter in their work and the factors that help explain them. To this end, a survey of 398 journalists in Spain, Italy, and Greece was conducted to learn what personal or professional factors influenced their views and experiences of discursive and non-discursive menaces. Results show that discursive threats, such as hateful or demeaning speech and public discrediting of one’s work, are the most frequent to the safety of journalists, while expressions of physical violence are less common. Younger and more educated journalists tended to perceive themselves as having been victims of discursive menaces more often, although not many significant differences were observed between different groups of journalists. Even though it could show a worrying trend, this finding can also indicate a growing awareness about menaces of this kind.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted societies all over the world. In an interconnected and digital global society, social media was the platform not only to convey information and recommendations but also to discuss the pandemic and its consequences. Focusing on the phase of stabilization during the first wave of the pandemic in Western countries, this work analyses the conversation around it through tweets in English. For that purpose, the authors have studied who the most active and influential accounts were, identified the most frequent words in the sample, conducted topic modelling, and researched the predominant sentiments. It was observed that the conversation followed two main lines: a more political and controversial one, which can be exemplified by the relevant presence of former US President Donald Trump, and a more informational one, mostly concerning recommendations to fight the virus, represented by the World Health Organization. In general, sentiments were predominantly neutral due to the abundance of information.

Material Extrusion (MEX) currently stands as the most widespread Additive Manufacturing (AM) process, but part quality deficiencies remain a barrier to its generalized industrial adoption. Quality control in MEX is a complex task as extrusion performance impacts the consistency of mechanical properties and the surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and geometric precision of manufactured parts. Recognizing the need for early-stage process monitoring, this study explores the potential of integrating Laser Triangulation Sensors (LTS) into MEX/P manufacturing equipment for layer-wise 3D inspections. Using a double-bridge architecture, an LTS-based sub-micrometric inspection system operates independently from the manufacturing process, enabling comprehensive digitization and autonomous reconstruction of the target layer’s topography. Surface texture is then computed using standardized indicators and a new approach that provides insight into layer quality uniformity. A case study evaluating two alternative extruder head designs demonstrates the efficacy of this integrated approach for layer quality characterization. Implementing a generalized layer-wise procedure based on this integration can significantly mitigate quality issues in MEX manufacturing and optimize process parameter configurations for enhanced performance.

Chile has numerous areas that lack sewage collection, including in the capital city. Sanitation in these cases is managed through individual solutions like septic tanks or small wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that use biological treatment, usually activated sludge with extended aeration. In general, the design of these systems adheres to the quality standards mandated by regulations for discharge, infiltration, or irrigation. In this scenario, traditional methods like increasing dissolved oxygen (DO) or hydraulic retention time (HRT) were unable to effectively reduce excessive nutrients. Therefore, literature related to nutrient excess and denitrification systems is consulted and reviewed to compile different solutions suitable for the presented issue. Potential solutions were modeled and verified using the free simulation software WRc STOAT. The software accurately predicted the unsatisfactory results of the current setup and provided parameters for the proposed modifications. Experience, precise user definition, influential characteristics, and modeling are essential in the design of WWTPs.

This paper investigates non-invasive techniques for annular two-phase flow analysis, focusing on liquid film characterization to understand the interfacial phenomena that are crucial for heat and mass transfer. Limited methods allow the study of the temporal and spatial evolution of liquid film, such as Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF). However, this method possesses optical challenges, leading to the need for improved techniques to mitigate refraction and reflection, such as Refractive Index Matching (RIM). This study utilizes an experimental annular flow facility to analyze both RIM and non-RIM PLIF over a range of liquid Reynolds numbers from 4200 to 10,400. Three configurations—PLIF RIM90, PLIF RIM40, and PLIF nRIM40—are compared from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. In the quantitative analysis, key variables of the liquid film are measured, namely mean film thickness, disturbance wave height, and frequency. Variations in the analyzed variables indicate minor deviations, which are not likely to be caused by the technique used. However, all three methodologies exhibited errors that are estimated to be within a maximum of 10%, with a mean value of approximately 8%.

Objective To investigate if several potential risk factors were associated with time to injury complaints leading to participation restriction in Athletics (ICPR).Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data collected during 39 weeks of the 2017–2018 Athletics season in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (‘PREVATHLE’). Univariate and multivariable analyses using Cox regression models were performed to analyse the association between the time to first ICPR and potential risk factors collected (1) at baseline: sex, age, height, body mass, discipline, the usual duration of Athletics training and non-specific sports training, ICPR in the preceding season (yes/no), ICPR at baseline (yes/no); (2) weekly during the season: duration and intensity of Athletics training and competition, and non-specific sports training, fitness subjective state, sleep duration and illness (yes/no); and (3) combined.Results Data from 320 athletes were included; 138 (43.1%) athletes reported at least one ICPR during the study follow-up. The combined multivariable analyses revealed that the risk of ICPR at any given time was significantly higher in athletes with a pre-existing ICPR (hazard rate ratio, HRR 1.90, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.15; p=0.012) and lower in athletes with a higher fitness subjective state (HRR 0.63, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.73; p

El discurso de odio dirigido hacia personas migrantes y refugiadas plantea uno de los mayores desafíos en la comunicación en redes sociales. A través del análisis automatizado de 124.337 mensajes sobre migración recogidos en Twitter en España entre 2015 y 2020, se analiza la presencia de odio y el sentimiento subyacente en el discurso, así como su evolución y las posibles diferencias entre comunidades autónomas. Se ha observado que, aunque la atención prestada a la cuestión migratoria fue superior en 2015 y 2016, años centrales de la crisis de refugiados del Mediterráneo, el mayor volumen de odio se detectó en 2019 y 2020, tras el ascenso de Vox y su retórica anti-inmigración. En general, el sentimiento de estos mensajes fue negativo, si bien la diferencia entre aquellos que tienen odio y los que no es reducida. Por último, se han observado diferencias entre regiones autónomas, siendo Asturias la de mayor presencia de odio y Cantabria la que muestra un sentimiento más negativo; estas diferencias, no obstante, no son elevadas y no se han detectado patrones claros que las expliquen.

This research raises questions about the possibilities and options of using the BIM methodology associated with software for the wood design and construction of structure modeling along an asset’s cycle life. Likewise, several academic and research initiatives are reviewed. In this sense, this paper aims to establish an appropriate link between two agendas that the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, academia, and governments normally handle separately. By conducting several literature reviews (book, journals, and congresses) and extensive software tests (BIM software: Revit v2023, Archicad v27, Tekla, and wood plug-ins: AGACAD, Archiframe, Timber Framing 2015, WoodStud Frame, etc.), the state-of-the-art was assessed in both fields, and several cases linking BIM and wood are shown in detail and discussed. Various theoretical samples are modelled and shown, and the advantages and disadvantages of each technique and stage are explained. On the other hand, although wood construction has been most common for hundreds of years, this is not the case of BIM software developments associated with this materiality. Furthermore, since the appearance of materials such as steel and reinforced concrete, all software developments have focused on these materials, leaving aside the possibility of developing applications for use in wood projects. According to that previously discussed, it can be concluded that BIM for wood has been used more frequently in academia, that both fields have several common processes, and, in many cases, that only a few BIM-wood tools have been used, thus disregarding the high potential and high level of benefits that result with the application of these methodologies for the complete building life cycle (design, construction, and operation).

Myogenic temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are commonly associated with pain sensitization (PS), manifesting decreased local and distal pressure pain thresholds (PPTs). Aerobic exercise (AE) has shown hypoalgesic effects on PS. This study aimed to analyze the effects of AE in addition to physical therapy (PT) on widespread PS in myogenic TMDs. A randomized controlled trial was carried out, involving 20 subjects allocated to PT (n = 10) or PT + AE (n = 10). Both groups performed six sessions over four weeks, consisting of education, manual therapy, and therapeutic exercise. The PT + AE group also performed high-intensity intervallic AE on a stationary bike. Primary outcome: PPT in the Achilles tendon assessed with an algometer. Secondary outcome: Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). Outcomes were recorded at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1), and after 12 weeks (T2). Significant between-groups differences were found favoring PT + AE at T1 and T2 for the left Achilles PPT (T1 p < 0.01; d = 1.3; T2 p < 0.001; d = 2.5) and CSI (T1 p < 0.001; d = 2.3; T2 p < 0.01; d = 1.7), and at T2 for the right Achilles PPT (p < 0.001; d = 0.9). Thus, adding AE to PT improved widespread PS more than only PT in myogenic TMD.

The recharging of electric vehicles will undoubtedly entail an increase in demand. Traditionally, efforts have been made to shift their recharging to off-peak hours of the consumption curve, where energy demand is lower, typically during nighttime hours. However, the introduction of photovoltaic solar energy presents a new scenario to consider when synchronizing generation and demand curves. High-generation surpluses are expected during the central day hours, due to the significant contribution of this generation; these surpluses could be utilized for electric vehicle recharging. Hence, these demand-side management analyses present important challenges for electricity systems and markets. This research explores this overdemand avenue and presents a method for determining the ideal recharge curve of the electric vehicle. Consequently, with this objective of maximizing photovoltaic generation to cover as much of the foreseeable demand for electric vehicles as possible in future scenarios of the electrification of the economy, the six fundamental electric vehicle charging profiles have been analyzed. A practical scenario for 2040 is projected for the Canary Islands, estimating the potential levels of demand-side management and associated coverage. The coverage ranges from less than 20% to over 40%, considering the absence of demand-side management measures and the maximum displacement achievable through such measures.

The rapid and disproportionate growth of many cities in South America, such as Santiago de Chile, has not included a design that considers the impact caused. Furthermore, industrial and housing growth has been based mainly on unsustainable economic criteria, attributing less importance to environmental criteria. This has caused problems related to global warming, pollution, water scarcity and health, especially harming populations with fewer resources. This study estimates and compares the impact of four tree species commonly used at the urbanization level, according to variables such as carbon dioxide (CO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), water resources, and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Then, we will use the variable PM2.5 to assess the trees’ impact on the population and their economic resources using these tree species as a method of capturing this pollutant. The results obtained will be used to determine which one of the four species is the most suitable in each type of space within the Metropolitan Region of Chile (small spaces, uncultivated areas, large spaces near industrial areas, areas with patients with breathing problems, etc.) according to three criteria: a comparison between species using the number of trees in the investigated territory; contrasting the species with the amount of social housing; and a comparison between the species according to the total number of dwellings.

Reseña del libro De votantes a hooligans. La polarización política en España, publicado en Catarata por Mariano Torcal.

Introduction Two-thirds of athletes (65%) have at least one injury complaint leading to participation restriction (ICPR) in athletics (track and field) during one season. The emerging practice of medicine and public health supported by electronic processes and communication in sports medicine represents an opportunity for developing new injury risk reduction strategies. Modelling and predicting the risk of injury in real-time through artificial intelligence using machine learning techniques might represent an innovative injury risk reduction strategy. Thus, the primary aim of this study will be to analyse the relationship between the level of Injury Risk Estimation Feedback (I-REF) use (average score of athletes’ self-declared level of I-REF consideration for their athletics activity) and the ICPR burden during an athletics season.Method and analysis We will conduct a prospective cohort study, called Injury Prediction with Artificial Intelligence (IPredict-AI), over one 38-week athletics season (from September 2022 to July 2023) involving competitive athletics athletes licensed with the French Federation of Athletics. All athletes will be asked to complete daily questionnaires on their athletics activity, their psychological state, their sleep, the level of I-REF use and any ICPR. I-REF will present a daily estimation of the ICPR risk ranging from 0% (no risk for injury) to 100% (maximal risk for injury) for the following day. All athletes will be free to see I-REF and to adapt their athletics activity according to I-REF. The primary outcome will be the ICPR burden over the follow-up (over an athletics season), defined as the number of days lost from training and/or competition due to ICPR per 1000 hours of athletics activity. The relationship between ICPR burden and the level of I-REF use will be explored by using linear regression models.Ethics and dissemination This prospective cohort study was reviewed and approved by the Saint-Etienne University Hospital Ethical Committee (Institutional Review Board: IORG0007394, IRBN1062022/CHUSTE). Results of the study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and in international scientific congresses, as well as to the included participants.

The aim of this documentary review was to determine the level of scientific production on environmental analysis tools and certifications for sustainable cities and communities, or “Neighbourhood Sustainability Assessment Tools”, worldwide between the years 2016 and 2023, considering as a precedent the appearance of the SDG 2030 and SDG 11. The analysis developed in this work was carried out based on WoS, Scopus and ScienceDirect. The eligibility of the results of 685 potential articles, in addition to complementary articles, was evaluated, leading to 27 selected reviews. Our analysis revealed the main and most recent results post implementation of sustainability measures, identifying limitations, success factors, trends and forecasts for the future selection, development or improvement of evaluation tools for the sustainability of human sites and describing strategies specific to local realities, which are valid from a global point of view but include the particularities of distinct communities in specific places.

La comunicación de la ciencia de datos, y específicamente del big data y la inteligencia artificial, es uno de los mayores retos de la sociedad actual, porque la tecnología está en constante cambio y la ciudadanía necesita comprenderla para tomar las mejores decisiones. Tradicionalmente la comunicación científica se ha centrado en el estudio de las actitudes y percepciones sociales hacia los temas más polémicos, como en el entorno español, con la Encuesta de Percepción Social de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, elaborada por la FECYT cada dos años. Este trabajo reporta los resultados del primer informe nacional centrado en el conocimiento, la comprensión y las actitudes del público hacia el big data y la inteligencia artificial. Se ha llevado a cabo una encuesta nacional en enero de 2020 a una muestra de 684 personas españolas. Se observa que el conocimiento sobre el big data y la inteligencia artificial es moderado, con un menor grado de conocimiento e interés entre las personas de más edad y que la inteligencia artificial es más conocida y despierta mayor interés y actitudes más favorables que el big data. La manera en que el público se informa no varía con respecto a las encuestas tradicionales, por lo que la información puede llegarles por esas vías.

The dialectical relationship between ecosystems and society is complex; therefore, holistic approaches are required to address this complexity. This view also stands out in the ecosystem services valuation field, where different scholars and global platforms have drawn attention to the need to incorporate plural valuation initiatives at decision-making. In this sense, through a comprehensive design, we conducted a multi-layered valuation of ecosystem services, and we highlighted multiple values in two areas of the province of Caldas, Colombia. We proposed a three-phase valuation process called Recognizing, Normalizing and Articulating values. Then, in cooperation with the regional environmental authority, we obtained different water-related ecosystem services values. Our results showed some warnings: first, we found mismatches between ecosystem services values; second, people assigned high values to ecosystems but the actual capacity of ecosystems to support ES is low. Finally, monetary values were marginal compared to social and ecological values. We conclude by saying that the more strata are assessed, the more values appear in the valuation scenarios, and those values could be conflicting. Our results have political implications, since they highlight the need to incorporate plural values as a fundamental tool for planning and land use in real scenarios where conflicts of interest and values are evident.

The transition to clean electricity generation is a crucial focus for achieving the current objectives of economy decarbonization. The Balearic Archipelago faces significant environmental, economic, and social challenges in shifting from a predominantly fossil fuel-based economy to one based on renewable sources. This study proposes implementing a renewable energy mix and decarbonizing the economy of the Balearic Islands by 2040. The proposed system involves an entirely renewable generation system with interconnections between the four Balearic islands and the Spanish mainland grid via a 650 MW submarine cable. This flexible electrical exchange can cover approximately 35% of the peak demand of 1900 MW. The scenario comprises a 6 GWp solar photovoltaic system, a wind system of under 1.2 GWp, and a 600 MW biomass system as generation sub-systems. A vanadium redox flow battery sub-system with a storage capacity of approximately 21 GWh and 2.5 GWp power is available to ensure system manageability. This system’s levelized electricity cost (LCOE) is around 13.75 cEUR/kWh. The design also incorporates hydrogen as an alternative for difficult-to-electrify uses, achieving effective decarbonization of all final energy uses. A production of slightly over 5 × 104 tH2 per year is required, with 1.7 GW of electrolyzer power using excess electricity and water resources. The system enables a significant level of economy decarbonization, although it requires substantial investments in both generation sources and storage.

La presente investigación busca conocer la calidad de los vídeos de YouTube sobre dietas milagro y la interacción que generan, sobre todo dado el potencial riesgo que pueden suponer para los espectadores que sigan sus consejos en caso de que estos puedan resultar nocivos. Para ello se analizaron 50 vídeos en español e inglés, siendo estos los más vistos en la categoría de dietas rápidas. A través de un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo, se evaluó la calidad y la credibilidad transmitida en ellos, así como los efectos de estas dos características sobre la interacción. Los resultados sugieren que la calidad de estos contenidos en ocasiones es muy reducida, con frecuentes alusiones a «productos milagro» y con recomendaciones sin base científica o sin garantía de funcionamiento, e incluso con indicaciones engañosas y consejos perjudiciales para la salud. Sin embargo, la presencia de información equilibrada, la alusión a fuentes fiables, la inclusión de expertos en la materia, la mención de cualificaciones o la formación previa influyen en un mayor volumen de interacciones positivas, mientras que la información sesgada o el uso de fuentes poco fiables se correlaciona con una menor cantidad de interacciones. En general, se comprobó que los vídeos que apuestan por elementos de calidad no lo hacen de manera aislada, mientras que aquellos que recurren a estrategias incorrectas también tienden a hacerlo en varias dimensiones. Todo esto demuestra que, aunque la exposición a estas grabaciones es muy elevada y la calidad resulta, en general, reducida, la inclusión en ellos de elementos de confianza repercute positivamente en la interacción con la audiencia.

Este artículo pretende conocer cómo cambiaron los patrones publicitarios en la televisión en España durante el confinamiento. Así, el objetivo principal es conocer qué tipos de anuncios se emitieron en España durante el confinamiento en comparación con las semanas previas, posteriores y con el mismo periodo del año anterior. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de los spots emitidos en las dos principales cadenas de televisión comerciales en España, Antena 3 y Telecinco, para lo que se extrajeron los datos a través de la aplicación Instar Analytics de Kantar Media, la empresa que mide la audimetría en España. Se analizó un total de 191,738 anuncios, de los que 2,107 fueron diferentes y el resto repeticiones. A modo de conclusión, la emisión de anuncios durante el confinamiento replicó las pautas de consumo del momento en lugar de intentar contrarrestarlas: aquellas industrias que pudieron continuar su actividad ganaron peso en detrimento de la publicidad de aquellas cuya actividad se paralizó en mayor medida.

BackgroundHome-based spirometry (HS) allows for the early detection of lung complications in recipients of an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT). Although the usability and acceptability of HS are critical for adherence, patient-reported outcomes of HS use remain poorly understood in this setting. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to design a longitudinal, mixed methods study to understand the usability and acceptability of HS among recipients of AHCT. MethodsStudy participants performed HS using a Bluetooth-capable spirometer that transmitted spirometry data to the study team in real time. In addition, participants completed usability questionnaires and in-depth interviews and reported their experiences with HS. Analysis of interview data was guided by the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model. ResultsRecipients of AHCT found HS to be highly acceptable despite modest technological barriers. On average, participants believed that the HS was helpful in managing symptoms related to AHCT (scores ranging from 2.22 to 2.68 on a scale of 0-4) and for early detection of health-related problems (score range: 2.88-3.12). Participants viewed HS favorably and were generally supportive of continued use. No significant barriers to implementation were identified from the patient’s perspective. Age and gender were not associated with the patient perception of HS. ConclusionsStudy participants found HS acceptable and easy to use. Some modifiable technical barriers to performing HS were identified; however, wider implementation of pulmonary screening is feasible from the patient’s perspective.

Abstract Rindler positivity is a property that holds in any relativistic Quantum Field Theory and implies an infinite set of inequalities involving the exponential of the Rényi mutual information I n (A i , A ¯ $$ \overline{A} $$ j ) between A i and A ¯ $$ \overline{A} $$ j , where A i is a spacelike region in the right Rindler wedge and A ¯ $$ \overline{A} $$ j is the wedge reflection of A j . We explore these inequalities in order to get local inequalities for I n (A, A ¯ $$ \overline{A} $$ ) as a function of the distance between A and its mirror region A ¯ $$ \overline{A} $$ . We show that the assumption, based on the cluster property of the vacuum, that I n goes to zero when the distance goes to infinity, implies the more stringent and simple condition that F n ≡ e (n−1)I n should be a completely monotonic function of the distance, meaning that all the even (odd) derivatives are non-negative (non-positive). In the case of a CFT, we show that conformal invariance implies stronger conditions, including a sort of monotonicity of the Rényi mutual information for pairs of balls. An application of these inequalities to obtain constraints for the OPE coefficients of the 4-point function of certain twist operators is also discussed.

El aumento de la población y cambio climático en el país ejerce directa presión sobre el recurso hídrico, generando incertidumbre en su disponibilidad. El norte de Chile es una de las zonas más áridas del mundo, característica que últimamente se extiende también a la zona central, por lo que se hace imprescindible desarrollar una alternativa potencial a esta escasez. El agua gris se presenta como una atractiva oportunidad para aumentar la disponibilidad hídrica, esta es agua residual que excluye las aguas negras, se puede tratar y reutilizar en riego y descarga de inodoros. Este estudio plantea una metodología de selección de sistemas de tratamiento para viviendas en zonas de escasez. Partiendo con la clasificación de tecnologías comúnmente utilizadas, su eficiencia en depuración, características y calidad de afluentes y efluentes respectivamente, obteniendo los porcentajes de consumos diarios de agua gris, y una matriz de selección de para viviendas uni y multifamiliares.

Online hate speech against migrants and refugees poses a grave challenge for coexistence and democracy. However, it also offers an opportunity to measure social acceptance towards this group. Using the Intergroup Contact and the Mediated Intergroup Contact Theory, and an already validated methodology, this article seeks to validate whether the use of hate speech as a predictor of social acceptance is valid at a provincial level in Spain. Contrasting 97,710 tweets about migrants and refugees with secondary data from public Spanish institutions about acceptance of immigration and foreign population, no correlation was observed, rejecting the main hypotheses, and hinting that the application of this approach might not be recommended for smaller entities, such as provinces (NUTS 3). However, the study offers descriptive data about racist hate speech spread on Twitter in Spain, and also discusses the need for more studies using big data to increase knowledge about online hate speech against migrants and refugees.

Abstract In this paper we present the detailed calculation of a new modular Hamiltonian, namely that of a chiral fermion on a circle at non-zero temperature. We provide explicit results for an arbitrary collection of intervals, which we discuss at length by checking against known results in different limits and by computing the associated modular flow. We also compute the entanglement entropy, and we obtain a simple expression for it which appears to be more manageable than those already existing in the literature.

Este artículo evalúa la proporcionalidad de las sanciones propias de la JEP a la luz de la obligación internacional de Colombia de investigar, juzgar y sancionar a los responsables de graves violaciones de derechos humanos y el derecho internacional humanitario. Para ello, analizo en primer lugar los límites y alcances de esta obligación, con especial referencia al Estatuto de Roma. En segundo lugar, estudio los objetivos del castigo o la sanción penal en contextos transicionales. Por último, realizo un juicio de roporcionalidad de las sanciones propias para establecer que hay un equilibrio compensatorio entre la afectación baja de la dimensión retributiva de la justicia, la alta satisfacción del derecho a la paz y la satisfacción media de los derechos de las víctimas. Así, las sanciones propias no eluden el deber de investigar, juzgar y sancionar, sino que lo aseguran en el marco de la justicia transicional.

This study investigates the use of an ionic liquid obtained from fatty acids (FAIL) as an additive at 2 wt.% in two different base oils: a mineral oil (M1) and a polyol ester (E1). Physicochemical characterization of the base oil–FAIL blends confirmed the miscibility of the FAIL in the base oils. The addition of the FAIL hardly changed the density of the base oils and the viscosity slightly increased at lower temperatures. The tribological performance of the base oils and their blends with the FAIL was determined using three different tests: Stribeck curve determination and tribofilm formation tests, both under sliding/rolling motion, and reciprocating wear tests. The M1 + FAIL blend showed the lowest friction values under the mixed lubrication regime due to its higher viscosity, while the E1 + FAIL showed the lowest friction values under the elastohydrodynamic lubrication regime, which may well have been due to its higher polarity. Only the E1 + FAIL blend outperformed the antiwear behavior of the base oil, probably because it has better chemical affinity (higher polarity) for the metallic surface. SEM images showed that the predominant wear mechanism was adhesive-type with plastic deformation and XPS studies proved that the presence of increasing amounts of organic oxygen on the wear scar caused better antiwear performance when the E1 + FAIL blend was used.

El discurso de odio propagado a través de redes sociales como Twitter merece atención especial, ya que su incremento puede relacionarse con el aumento de crímenes de odio. De las 11 categorías de discriminación que contempla el Ministerio de Interior de España, la segunda en la que más delitos de odio se registran al año es la ideología. Sin embargo, esta categoría queda fuera de la mayor parte de los planes de acción para estudiar y combatir los delitos de odio. Lo mismo ocurre con los trabajos académicos, que se centran mayoritariamente en el odio en inglés y a nivel general. Los que estudian un único tipo de odio se han enfocado en el racismo, la xenofobia o la discriminación de género, pero nunca en la ideología política. Asimismo, los prototipos de detección desarrollados hasta ahora no usan bases de datos generadas manualmente por varios codificadores. Esta investigación busca superar estas limitaciones, desarrollando y evaluando un detector automático de discurso de odio por motivos ideológicos en Twitter en español a partir de técnicas de aprendizaje automático supervisado. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un total de ocho modelos predictivos a partir de un corpus de entrenamiento generado ad-hoc, y haciendo uso de modelado superficial y de aprendizaje profundo, lo que permite mejorar el rendimiento final del prototipo. El desarrollo del corpus permitió observar, además, que un 16,2% de la muestra, recogida en el otoño de 2019, incluyó algún tipo de odio ideológico.

Westerns are one of the most masculine and stereotypical of film genres. In a social and film context where gender equality is increasingly important, it is worth looking at the evolution of the genre in recent years. Especially because, as André Bazin said, the Western is “cinema par excellence” (1966) and its analysis allows a reflection on cinema itself. Taking the figure of the Marlboro Man as a prototype, this study carries out an analysis of three selected case studies: Brokeback Mountain, Jane Got a Gun and Godless, two films and a miniseries with main characters that do not follow heteronormative masculinity. Ang Lee’s work broke new ground not only in Westerns but also in industrial cinema by making homosexuality visible, while Gavin O’Connor’s showed the possibility of a woman playing the leading role in a classic Western. The miniseries produced by Netflix combines both by giving leading roles to female characters, some of them gay, while reflecting on homosexuality. It was noted that the portrayal of masculinity in Western films remains valid in all three cases, but it allows women and homosexuals to access leading roles, often by acquiring typically masculine attributes.

En un contexto en el que la migración tiene un notable peso mediático, y dado el acuerdo general existente en la profesión y la academia sobre los déficits en la cobertura de todas las vertientes de esta en los medios de comunicación, tendente a la negatividad y el estereotipo en un gran número de ocasiones, en este artículo profundizamos en el discurso mediático desde la perspectiva de sus productores: los periodistas especializados. Con este propósito se llevaron a cabo 33 entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas y de reconstrucción a periodistas españoles especializados en migraciones, refugiados y personas en movilidad. A través de un análisis de contenido informatizado y manual del texto oralizado obtenido a través de estas entrevistas observamos que los entrevistados aprecian en el periodismo de migraciones deficiencias como: abundancia de estereotipos, falta de profundización/contextualización y escasez de visibilización de la voz de los migrantes. Aunque este diagnóstico concuerda con el observado en trabajos previos que analizan el contenido mediático, la novedad de este trabajo radica en el hecho de que los propios protagonistas, los periodistas especializados, plantean en él posibles opciones de mejora en la cobertura y publicación de información referente a migrantes y refugiados, como una mayor atención al uso del lenguaje y el uso de fuentes primarias humanas.

Reseña del libro de María Marcos Ramos (ed.) (2020). A ambos lados del Atlántico: películas españolas y brasileñas premiadas.

El presente artículo toma como excusa un análisis de la película Doce hombres en punga para introducir, con ánimo propedéutico, tres cuestiones: i) el núcleo conceptual de la retórica, ii) el razonamiento abductivo, y iii) la relación entre argumentación y emociones. Sobre la primera cuestión se proponen tres discusiones: el puesto del logos, el pathos y el ethos en la retórica, la relación entre retórica y dialéctica, y la idea de persuasión. Sobre la segunda se exponen las tres dimensiones de la abducción para una compresión adecuada: la inferencial, la metodológica y la intuitiva. La tercera cuestión queda perfilada con algunas sugerencias sobre el papel de las emociones en la argumentación y la exigencia de una ética mínima para el ejercicio retórico. Esas tres cuestiones no son neutras y suponen profundas discusiones.

Objective To develop a tool to assess the quality of peer-review reports in biomedical research.Methods We conducted an online survey intended for biomedical editors and authors. The survey aimed to (1) determine if participants endorse the proposed definition of peer-review report quality; (2) identify the most important items to include in the final version of the tool and (3) identify any missing items. Participants rated on a 5-point scale whether an item should be included in the tool and they were also invited to comment on the importance and wording of each item. Principal component analysis was performed to examine items redundancy and a general inductive approach was used for qualitative data analysis.Results A total of 446 biomedical editors and authors participated in the survey. Participants were mainly male (65.9%), middle-aged (mean=50.3, SD=13) and with PhD degrees (56.4%). The majority of participants (84%) agreed on the definition of peer-review report quality we proposed. The 20 initial items included in the survey questionnaire were generally highly rated with a mean score ranging from 3.38 (SD=1.13) to 4.60 (SD=0.69) (scale 1–5). Participants suggested 13 items that were not included in the initial list of items. A steering committee composed of five members with different expertise discussed the selection of items to include in the final version of the tool. The final checklist includes 14 items encompassed in five domains (Importance of the study, Robustness of the study methods, Interpretation and discussion of the study results, Reporting and transparency of the manuscript, Characteristics of peer reviewer’s comments).Conclusion Assessment of Review reports with a Checklist Available to eDItors and Authors tool could be used regularly by editors to evaluate the reviewers’ work, and also as an outcome when evaluating interventions to improve the peer-review process.

Objective To evaluate the impact of an editorial intervention to improve completeness of reporting of reports of randomised trials.Design Randomised controlled trial (RCT).Setting BMJ Open’s quality improvement programme.Participants 24 manuscripts describing RCTs.Interventions We used an R Shiny application to randomise manuscripts (1:1 allocation ratio, blocks of 4) to the intervention (n=12) or control (n=12) group. The intervention was performed by a researcher with expertise in the content of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and consisted of an evaluation of completeness of reporting of eight core CONSORT items using the submitted checklist to locate information, and the production of a report containing specific requests for authors based on the reporting issues found, provided alongside the peer review reports. The control group underwent the usual peer review.Outcomes The primary outcome is the number of adequately reported items (0–8 scale) in the revised manuscript after the first round of peer review. The main analysis was intention-to-treat (n=24), and we imputed the scores of lost to follow-up manuscripts (rejected after peer review and not resubmitted). The secondary outcome is the proportion of manuscripts where each item was adequately reported. Two blinded reviewers assessed the outcomes independently and in duplicate and solved disagreements by consensus. We also recorded the amount of time to perform the intervention.Results Manuscripts in the intervention group (mean: 7.01; SD: 1.47) were more completely reported than those in the control group (mean: 5.68; SD: 1.43) (mean difference 1.43, 95% CI 0.31 to 2.58). We observed the main differences in items 6a (outcomes), 9 (allocation concealment mechanism), 11a (blinding) and 17a (outcomes and estimation). The mean time to perform the intervention was 87 (SD 42) min.Conclusions We demonstrated the benefit of involving a reporting guideline expert in the editorial process. Improving the completeness of RCTs is essential to enhance their usability.Trial registration number NCT03751878.

Los cambios producidos en los últimos años en cuanto a modelos de comunicación social han llevado a todos los sectores a adaptarse a los nuevos medios para alcanzar a su público. La comunicación de la ciencia no es una excepción. La manera en que se distribuyen contenidos sobre ciencia está cambiando debido a la presencia creciente de tecnologías, y la red social Twitter se ha convertido en un importante aliado debido a su gran volumen de usuarios. En el presente trabajo, se utilizan técnicas de aprendizaje automático para desarrollar un clasificador —que funciona en tiempo real— de sentimiento relacionados con mensajes publicados en Twitter. Para ello, se descargaron 200 000 tweets destinados a construir un corpus de entrenamiento limpio y procesado de 10 000 textos etiquetados, la mitad positivos y la mitad negativos, sobre ciencia en español. El corpus permite entrenar el modelo de aprendizaje automático y construir un prototipo OpScience, capaz de determinar el sentimiento de mensajes publicados en Twitter en tiempo real. Los resultados relacionados con la exactitud del clasificador corresponden al 72 %. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a darle mayor valor a temas de la comunicación científica en un espacio de debate social y predecir intereses o tendencias futuras, como se pudo comprobar en una prueba en enero de 2019.

Background: Improving the completeness of reporting of biomedical research is essential for improving its usability. For this reason, hundreds of reporting guidelines have been created in the last few decades but adherence to these remains suboptimal. This survey aims to inform future evaluations of interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines. In particular, it gathers editors’ perceptions of a range of interventions at various stages in the editorial process. Methods: We surveyed biomedical journal editors that were knowledgeable about this topic. The questionnaire included open and closed questions that explored (i) the current practice of their journals, (ii) their perceptions of the ease of implementation of different interventions and the potential effectiveness of these at improving adherence to reporting guidelines, (iii) the barriers and facilitators associated with these interventions, and (iv) suggestions for future interventions and incentives. Results: Of the 99 editors invited, 24 (24%) completed the survey. Involving trained editors or administrative staff was deemed the potentially most effective intervention but, at the same time, it was considered moderately difficult to implement due to logistic and resource issues. Participants believed that checking adherence to guidelines goes beyond the role of peer reviewers and were concerned that the quality of peer review could be compromised. Reviewers are generally not expected to focus on reporting issues but on providing an expert view on the importance, novelty, and relevance of the manuscript. Journals incentivising adherence, and publishers and medical institutions encouraging journals to take action to boost adherence were two recurrent themes. Conclusions: Biomedical journal editors generally believed that engaging trained professionals would be the most effective, yet resource intensive, editorial intervention. Also, they thought that peer reviewers should not be asked to check RGs. Future evaluations of interventions can take into account the barriers, facilitators, and incentives described in this survey.

Background: Improving the completeness of reporting of biomedical research is essential for improving its usability. For this reason, hundreds of reporting guidelines have been created in the last few decades but adherence to these remains suboptimal. This survey aims to inform future evaluations of interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines. In particular, it gathers editors’ perceptions of a range of interventions at various stages in the editorial process. Methods: We surveyed biomedical journal editors that were knowledgeable about this topic. The questionnaire included open and closed questions that explored (i) the current practice of their journals, (ii) their perceptions of the ease of implementation of different interventions and the potential effectiveness of these at improving adherence to reporting guidelines, (iii) the barriers and facilitators associated with these interventions, and (iv) suggestions for future interventions and incentives. Results: Of the 99 editors invited, 24 (24%) completed the survey. Involving trained editors or administrative staff was deemed the potentially most effective intervention but, at the same time, it was considered moderately difficult to implement due to logistic and resource issues. Participants believed that checking adherence to guidelines goes beyond the role of peer reviewers and were concerned that the quality of peer review could be compromised. Reviewers are generally not expected to focus on reporting issues but on providing an expert view on the importance, novelty, and relevance of the manuscript. Journals incentivising adherence, and publishers and medical institutions encouraging journals to take action to boost adherence were two recurrent themes. Conclusions: Implementing and evaluating editorial interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines is essential to improve the transparency of published research. This survey aims to cast light on the barriers and facilitators that can be expected when implementing diverse interventions, as well as on the potential impact of these interventions.

Abstract We explore several aspects of the relation between gravity and entanglement in the context of AdS/CFT, in the simple setting of 3 bulk dimensions. Specifically, we consider small perturbations of the AdS metric and the CFT vacuum state and study what can be learnt about the metric perturbation from the Ryu-Takayanagi (RT) formula alone. It is well-known that, if the RT formula holds for all boundary spacelike segments, then the metric perturbation satisfies the linearized Einstein equations throughout the bulk. We generalize this result by showing that, if the RT formula holds for all spacelike segments contained in a certain boundary region, then the metric perturbation satisfies the linearized Einstein equations in a corresponding bulk region (in fact, it is completely determined in that region). We also argue that the same is true for small perturbations of the planar BTZ black hole and the CFT thermal state. We discuss the relation between our results and the ideas of subregion-subregion duality, and we point out that our argument also serves as a holographic proof of the linearized RT formula for boundary segments.

A comprehensive and a deep analysis on how to stabilize an urban semi-autonomous bicycle was carried out. Its more relevant aspects are presented in this paper. The resulting stabilized bicycle is intended to serve as a future evolution for the current bike-share programs. This bicycle would go to meet the user autonomously, and after that it could be used by the rider in the traditional fashion. Therefore, the resulting system must be stable throughout the entire operating speed range and must be rideable by a person when used in manual mode. A study of bicycle dynamics and stability control has led the way followed throughout this investigation. Consecutively, all the examined aspects are applied to introduce a few alternatives for solving the stability problem. One of them, the Alnilam concept, is further developed to unveil its possibilities. Furthermore, it has been successfully tested in a multibody co-simulation using Adams and Simulink, thus illustrating its behavior and testing its performance. The results of this simulation are very promising and encouraging to further develop this concept.

Abstract We obtain new constraints for the modular energy of general states by using the monotonicity property of relative entropy. In some cases, modular energy can be related to the energy density of states and these constraints lead to interesting relations between energy and entropy. In particular, we derive new quantum energy inequalities that improve some previous bounds for the energy density of states in a conformal field theory. Additionally, the inequalities derived in this manner also lead us to conclude that the entropy of the state further restricts the possible amount of negative energy allowed by the theory.

Abstract Background Compulsory submission of a checklist from the relevant reporting guideline is one of the most widespread journal requirements aiming to improve completeness of reporting. However, the current suboptimal levels of adherence to reporting guidelines observed in the literature may indicate that this journal policy is not having a significant effect. Findings We explored whether authors provided the appropriate CONSORT checklist extension for their study and whether there were inconsistencies between what authors claimed on the submitted checklist and what was actually reported in the published paper. We randomly selected 12 randomized trials from three journals that provide the originally submitted checklist and analyzed six core CONSORT items. Only one paper used the appropriate checklist extension and had no inconsistencies between what was claimed in the submitted checklist and what was reported in the published paper. Conclusion Journals should take further actions to take full advantage of the requirement for the submission of fulfilled CONSORT checklists, thus ensuring that these checklists reflect what is reported in the manuscript.