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Broad bean cultivation is considered a productive strategy and a component of food sovereignty in Southern Colombia. Therefore, this study was carried out in order to evaluate twelve promising genotypes and two commercial controls, to expand the improved varieties supply of this legume in the future. For this, an experimental assay was established with 14 treatments and four repetitions. Where, 13 agronomic traits and the reaction to the pathogen Botrytis fabae were estimated. The information was analyzed by a simple ANOVA test. Also, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was developed with the traits with the highest coefficient of variation. Results showed genetic diversity, with promising genotypes in relation to the controls. The number of stems, flowering days, pod formation days, pods per plant, weight of one hundred seeds, and yield allowed three groups to be identified by PCA. The first one was made up of two controls, the second group characterized by higher yields, and a third group represented by an intermediate yield added to an earliness condition. These results allow the recognition of candidate genotypes to be included into breeding programs and contribute to the crop protection.

Futures studies offer a framework of ideas and guidelines that allow us to develop more productive images of the future and ways of working with it. Despite several efforts to translate this approach to different educational contexts, it is still a field under development. The main objective of this article is to present and discuss the latest international academic developments and contributions of futures studies to education. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review of the literature using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. We considered articles published between 2012 and 2022. We started with 437 articles and after the application of the exclusion criteria, this number was reduced to 50 articles that were directly related to educational issues. The findings show that the literature included specific educational methodologies, a balance between theoretical and empirical publications, a focus on specialised journals and countries and that multidisciplinarity in education was not common with subjects outside social sciences. Moreover, we found that the predictive approach and negative perspectives were not present. We conclude that futures literacy is a key element to bringing together ideas related to futures studies in education, that futures studies contribute to changing the way of working with and conceptualising the future in education, and that they promote transformative movements. Los estudios de futuros ofrecen un marco de ideas y disposiciones a partir de las cuales desarrollar imágenes más productivas del futuro y formas de trabajar con este. Aunque existen múltiples esfuerzos por trasladar estos planteamientos a diferentes ámbitos educativos, aún sigue siendo un campo por desarrollar. El objetivo central de este artículo es exponer y discutir los últimos avances y contribuciones académicas internacionales de estudios de futuros en educación. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de la literatura usando las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus considerando artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2022. Se ha contado con una muestra inicial de 437 artículos que, al aplicar criterios de exclusión, se redujo a 50 que vinculaban directamente los estudios de futuros a temas educativos. Los hallazgos muestran que las publicaciones contienen propuestas educativas, que existe un equilibrio entre estudios teóricos y empíricos, que se concentran en revistas especializadas, en determinados países y que la multidisciplinariedad es limitada fuera de las Ciencias sociales. Asimismo, encontramos que el enfoque predictivo y las visiones negativas no tienen presencia. Se concluye que la alfabetización en futuros es un elemento clave para acercar las ideas de estudios de futuros al ámbito educativo, que los estudios de futuros contribuyen a cambiar las formas de trabajar y conceptualizar el futuro en educación y que promueven dinámicas transformadoras.

The role of episodic mass loss in the evolution of massive stars remains largely unknown and thus it is not included in the stellar models. The ASSESS projectis conductingan optical survey in the nearby Universe (12 galaxies with Z ~0.1 to 1.5Zo) searching forevolved massivestars, primarilytargeting thosewith infrared excess (i.e. circumstellar dust) whichrevealsmass loss. The results of this survey in the northern hemispherehave ledto the secure spectral classification of twelve red supergiants (RSGs) in NGC 6822 and IC 10 (Ζ= 0.32Zoand 0.45Zo).Follow up spectroscopy has been acquired in theJ-band for eight of them using the EMIR detector at the Grand Telescope of the Canarias. Also, we observed one target from the literature (WLM 14), expanding our metallicity range to 0.14Zo, as we aim to study mass loss in the low metallicity regime. Such observations are needed because the effective temperature (Teff) measured from atomic lines in the J-band is more accurate than the one estimated using the TiO bands present in the optical spectra, as the latter form at larger radii and lower temperatures. Improved Teffestimations lead to more robust estimations of mass loss. We aspire to calibrate the temperature scale of RSG at low metallicities and use it to obtain mass loss measurements for the rest of our sample (~ 130 RSGs) for which infrared spectroscopy is not feasible. I will present initial results from the analysis of these observations.

Several global parameters of compact stars are related via empirical relations, which are (nearly) independent of the underlying equation of state (EoS) of dense matter and, therefore, are said to be universal. We investigate the universality of relations that express the maximum mass and the radius of non-rotating and maximally rapidly rotating configurations, as well as their moment of inertia, in terms of the compactness of the star. For this, we first utilize a collection of cold (zero-temperature) and hot (isentropic) nucleonic EoS and confirm that the universal relations are holding for our collection of EoS. We then go on, to add to our collection and test for the same universality models of EoS that admit a strong first-order phase transition from nucleonic to deconfined quark matter. Also in this case we find that the universal relations hold, in particular for hot, isentropic hybrid stars. By fitting the universal relations to our computed data, we determine the coefficients entering these relations and the accuracy to which they hold., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, published in MNRAS, Vol. 515, p. 3539 (2022)

La salud ha tenido diversas conceptualizaciones en diferentes coordenadas y esto ha permitido acciones consecuentes en base a la construcción del concepto, en algunas comunidades se ha hablado de enfermedades sobrenaturales, en cambio en los Estados como El Salvador del siglo XIX las enfermedades poseen una racionalización de la salud, siendo necesario preguntarse desde la antropología ¿Que es la salud? ¿Cómo interviene el concepto de salud en la configuración de la sociedad y los grupos minoritarios? Precisamente en comprender dichas preguntas sobre los sistemas culturales emerge una diferencia social al abordar el problema sanitario, resulta entonces pertinente en el contexto de pandemia donde es viable hacer cuestionamientos a las decisiones de salud pública.

Vegetative buffer strips (VBS) have been demonstrated to effectively reduce loads of sediment, nutrients, and herbicides in surface runoff, but their effectiveness for reducing veterinary antibiotic (VA) loads in runoff has not been well documented. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of VBS vegetation and width on surface runoff loads of the VAs sulfamethazine (SMZ) and lincomycin (LIN). Experimental design of the plots (1.5 x 25 m) was a two-way factorial with four vegetation treatments (tall fescue [Festuca aruninacea Schreb.]; tall fescue with switchgrass [Panicum virgatum L.] hedge; warm-season native grass mix; and continuous fallow control), and four buffer widths (0, 2, 5, and 9 m). Turkey litter spiked with SMZ and LIN was applied to the source area (upper 7 m) of each plot, and runoff was collected at each width. Runoff was generated with a rotating boom simulator. Results showed VA loads in runoff at the 0-m sampler ranged from 3.8 to 5.9% of applied, and overall VA transport in runoff was predominately in the dissolved phase (90% for SMZ and 99% for LIN). Among vegetation treatments, only tall fescue significantly reduced loads of SMZ and LIN compared with the control, with load reductions of similar to 30% for both VAs. Estimated field-scale reductions in VA loads showed that source-to-buffer area ratios (SBARs) of 10:1 to 20:1 reduced VA loads by only 7 to 16%. Overall, the grass VBS tested here were less effective at reducing SMZ and LIN loads in surface runoff than has been previously demonstrated for sediment, nutrients, and herbicides. Published version

One of the main objectives of the CREDO project is to register cosmic-ray cascades in many distributed detectors in the search for so-called Cosmic-Ray Ensembles (CRE). This requires precise knowledge of the probability of detection of individual Extensive Air Showers (EAS) in a very wide range of energies and an analysis of their correlations. The standard approach based on detailed and extensive simulations is not possible for many such systems; thus, a faster method is developed. Knowing the characteristics of EAS from more general simulations, any required probability is calculated. Such probability depends on particle density at a given point, which is a function of the distance from the centre of the cascade, the energy, mass and the zenith angle of the primary cosmic-ray particle. It is necessary to use proper distribution of the number of secondary particles reaching the ground and their fluctuations. Finally, to calculate the total probability of EAS detection, the primary cosmic-ray spectrum and abundance of various particles in it have to be taken into account. The effective probability can be used to estimate the expected number of EAS events measured by a set of small detectors. In this work, results from several versions of calculations, with different complexity levels, are presented and compared with the first measurement performed with a test detector system. These results confirm that the majority of events observed with this small detector array are caused by cosmic-ray particles with very high energies. Such analysis can be also useful for the design of more effective systems in the future. Slightly larger systems of simple detectors may be used to distinguish cascades initiated by photons from those started from other primary cosmic-ray particles.

To help meet the objectives of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative with regard to increasing knowledge about toxic substances, 223 pesticides and pesticide transformation products were monitored in 15 Great Lakes tributaries using polar organic chemical integrative samplers. A screening-level assessment of their potential for biological effects was conducted by computing toxicity quotients (TQs) for chemicals with available US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Aquatic Life Benchmark values. In addition, exposure activity ratios (EAR) were calculated using information from the USEPA ToxCast database. Between 16 and 81 chemicals were detected per site, with 97 unique compounds detected overall, for which 64 could be assessed using TQs or EARs. Ten chemicals exceeded TQ or EAR levels of concern at two or more sites. Chemicals exceeding thresholds included seven herbicides (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, diuron, metolachlor, acetochlor, atrazine, simazine, and sulfentrazone), a transformation product (deisopropylatrazine), and two insecticides (fipronil and imidacloprid). Watersheds draining agricultural and urban areas had more detections and higher concentrations of pesticides compared with other land uses. Chemical mixtures analysis for ToxCast assays associated with common modes of action defined by gene targets and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) indicated potential activity on biological pathways related to a range of cellular processes, including xenobiotic metabolism, extracellular signaling, endocrine function, and protection against oxidative stress. Use of gene ontology databases and the AOP knowledgebase within the R-package ToxMixtures highlighted the utility of ToxCast data for identifying and evaluating potential biological effects and adverse outcomes of chemicals and mixtures. Results have provided a list of high-priority chemicals for future monitoring and potential biological effects warranting further evaluation in laboratory and field environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;00:1-27. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

Concerned about the limits of normative deliberative pedagogies, we designed and organized a workshop to explore to possibilities of an agonistic pedagogy for global citizenship education. We brought together a range of participants including national and international primary and university students, researchers and curriculum developers and we created pedagogical activities in which disagreement was fostered. We aimed to normalize conflict, create channels for the expression of political emotions and generate opportunities for the emergence of new subjectivities. Our findings suggest that the plurality of participants and the conflict-orientated pedagogies facilitated the normalization of conflict, the participants’ affective engagement with Others and the creation of new subjectivities. They also indicate that older participants had less positive attitudes towards conflict-orientated pedagogies and discussions on abstract topics did not foster ‘affective’ engagement. We examine potential implications for further educational research and practice considering the singularities of this project.

PURPOSE The author explores the results of a 12-session therapy to address shame resilience as a mediator of empathy in the treatment of depression. DESIGN AND METHODS Two instruments (the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Test of Self-Conscious Awareness 3S) were used as pre-, mid-, and posttest measures given to a group (n = 20) in an intensive outpatient program receiving an intervention to increase shame resilience. FINDINGS A statistical decline in depressive symptoms at both mid- and posttest was noted. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Adding shame resilience therapy to traditional psychotherapy may be useful to improve patient adherence and alliance but further evidence is needed.