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The milling technique is one of the widely used processes in the industry. Rapid failures of tool, poor surface quality, large cutting force etc. are the major issues with the use of conventional milling tool. To overcome this coatings of hard material of nanometers in thickness on cutting tool improves its hardness and mechanical strength. Coating on cutting tools can be done by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and Physical vapour deposition (PVD). In this study PVD technique is used for depositing thin film on stainless steel milling tool as by this method cutting edge strength is maintained and produce smooth surface of the coating. The aim of this study is to investigate machining performance of titanium nitride (TiN) coated tool during milling of aluminium. The DC power of titanium was considered as 250 and 300 W. The phase identification of coatings developed was done by using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The end milling operations under dry conditions is carried out using uncoated and uncoated mill bit at different spindle speeds to investigate the machining performance on cutting forces and surface finish. It is observed that TiN coating had a better machining performance in comparison with conventional tool. Coating minimizes the cutting force nearly by 30% and reduced the surface roughness.

Nowadays, in many developing countries like India they are facing the shortage of energy. The Refrigeration system has become the major consumer of energy for many industrial as well as household a...

Nowadays due to advancement in nanotechnology, it is possible to prepare nanoparticles, which is very much useful to enhance the thermal properties of heat transfer fluids. A Nanofluid is advanced heat transfer fluid with dispersed nanoparticles in base fluid. This paper is about the experimental study carried out to study the effectiveness of conventional single slope solar still plant (CSP) integrated with parabolic trough collector (PTC) using Nanofluid. Experiments were carried for water and Al2O3/Water nanofluid with 0.05% and 0.1% volume fraction as a working fluid in the integrated system. The results show that pure water yield is remarkably increase using the integrated still plant. It is observed that maximum yield is found 1741 ml with 0.1% volume fraction Al2O3/Water nanofluid as working fluid for 2.5 cm saline water depth in 1 m2 basin. This shows approximately 66% and 70% rise in the yield and thermal efficiency respectively using Al2O3/Water nanofluid integrated solar still system than CSP.

Zirconia (Zirconium oxide) thin films were deposited on silicon and corning glass substrates by physical vapor deposition technique. In this experiment the influence of substrate temperature was investigated. The structural and Wettability properties characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurement system. The zirconia films crystallized in the monoclinic phases with (111) orientation, for different sputtering parameters. Average grain size found to be in range of 10–19 nm for different temperature. Surface roughness increases with change in substrate temperature. The surface energy and contact angle measured by contact angle measuring system, exhibited hydrophobic behaviour of zirconium oxide thin films.

In automobiles, the cooling system is essential in increasing engine performance. Conventional coolants like water and ethylene glycol have low thermal conductivity. Nanotechnology allows the development of a high thermal conductivity coolant named ‘nanocoolant’, a colloidal suspension. This study is focused on the effect of nanocoolant size on the radiator, which is also responsible for fuel consumption. To prepare nanocoolant two-step method was used, in which nanoparticles were prepared separately and dispersed in a base fluid under ultrasonic agitation. This research was carried out for the dispersion of Al2O3 in a water-ethylene glycol mixture with volume concentrations of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%. The experimentation was carried out on 180, 216, 288 and 360 mm tube-length radiators. The experiments were conducted at a coolant inlet temperature 65 °C, air velocity of 1.05 m/s, and volume rate of 4 to 9 litres per minute. The result shows that using 0.2% Al2O3 nanoparticles, the overall heat transfer coefficient was augmented by 43% more than the base fluid. It is also seen that for 0.6% volume fraction nanocoolant, approximately 65% reduction in frontal radiator area is possible, which leads to decrement in the drag force and pumping power.

In this research, the heat transfer potential of Al2O3/Water-Mono Ethylene Glycol nanofluids is investigated experimentally as a coolant for car radiators. The base fluid was the mixture of water and mono ethylene glycol with 50:50 proportions by volume. The stable nanofluids obtained by ultra-sonication are used in all experiments. In this study nanoparticle volume fraction, coolant flow rate, inlet temperature used in the ranges of 0.2–0.8%, 4–9 l per minute and 65–85 °C. The results show that the heat transfer performance of radiator is enhanced by using nanofluids compared to conventional coolant. Nanofluid with lowest 0.2% volume fraction 30% rise in heat transfer is observed. Also the estimation of reduction in frontal area of radiator if base fluid is replaced by Nanofluid is done which will make lighter cooling system, produce less drag and save the fuel cost.

Today's demand is an optimized system to minimum fuel consumption, higher powered engine in compact size. Current performance radiator has become a restricting the development of the cooling system. Therefore, a better design and manufacturing performance, smaller radiator, internal combustion engines to meet the needs of functioning in various operating conditions, will certainly be the future trend. In this paper heat transfer rate is studied for radiator with coolant mass flow rate 4.00 LPM to 9.00 LPM. The numerical study on Ansys workbench platform is carried out to evaluate heat transfer through the radiator for water based CuO nano fluid. As the volume fraction of CuO increases heat transfer performance was improved but it is observed the pumping power is also increased. Using design of experiment method optimum length is found to improve the heat transfer performance without affecting pumping power.

In present article, engine performance and emission characteristics were investigated with various blends of cotton-seed bio diesel and diesel. Reason to choose cotton seed bio diesel is its thermophysical properties which is identical with diesel. It also consists of higher oxygen content which directly improves combustion efficiency of the engine. Four Stroke, Single cylinder, diesel engine was tested under various blends consist of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (by Vol) of cotton seed biodiesel. Experimental results found no significant variation in brake thermal efficiency up to 10% biodiesel blend then it found to be dropped gradually. Brake thermal efficiency decreased by 12% at 20% biodiesel blend. CO & HC emissions exhibited decreasing trends with percentage increase in biodiesel concentration. Increase in NOx emission was insignificant up to 10% biodiesel blend. It can be further noted that 10% biodiesel diesel blend shows optimized performance and emission results.

In this research, the overall heat transfer coefficient of Al2O3/water–mono ethylene glycol (MEG) nanofluids is investigated experimentally in a car radiator under laminar flow conditions. The experimental rig developed is similar to the automotive cooling system. The stable nanofluid used is prepared by a two-step method. Ultrasonication is done for proper dispersion of 20 nm Al2O3 nanoparticle in carrier fluid water and MEG mixture with 50:50 proportions by volume. The experimental study showed that use of a nanofluid enhances the overall heat transfer coefficient as compared to the base fluid. In this study as the nanoparticle volume fraction increases from 0% to 0.8%, the overall heat transfer coefficient also increases. It was observed that as the nanofluid inlet temperature increased from 65 °C to 85 °C, the overall heat transfer coefficient decreased. It was found that using a 0.2% volume fraction Al2O3/water–MEG nanofluid can enable a 36.69 % reduction in surface area of the radiator.

In this paper, emission and performance characteristics of diesel fuel-engine was investigated using blending of diesel with bio diesel under steady state. Rape-seed oil was used as biodiesel and blended in diesel with different proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% by volume. The engine used in experiment was single cylinder 4-stroke diesel fuel-engine having water cooling system. Result shows that BTE decreases with more addition of bio-diesel in % fraction. For 10% blend, BTE of engine is almost same compared to diesel. The emission characteristics were remarkably improved by increasing volume fraction of rape seed oil except NOx emission. NOx emission was found maximum for 30% diesel-bio diesel blend.

As the industrial importance of rubber part has grown constantly during the last three decades, so have intensive experimental and theoretical investigations of the basic nature, properties and mechanical parameters of this manufacturing process. The vast advantage of knowledge based on analysis has helped the ongoing transition in the application of rubber extrusion process from an art to a science. In this paper, we explain the design and fabrication of a system comprising of extrusion die and O-ring die for silastic silicone rubber products. The initial part of the paper shows the procedure for designing extrusion die for a compressive material like rubber by analytical method. This design is further analysed using software Pro/E and ANSYS. The results of analysis have proved the stresses are in safe limits. In the 2nd part of the paper an attempt is made to fabricate an O-ring die for Silicone rubber.