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Herein, we report Rh(III) catalyzed aldehydic or aryl C–H alkylation via C–C bond activation of cyclopropanols, facilitating the synthesis of β-functionalized ketones. The protocol employs cyclopropanol as the alkylating agent with 2-aminobenzaldehyde or aniline derivatives to access a variety of unsymmetrical 1,4-diketones or β-aryl ketones, respectively. The practicality of these transformations is showcased through the modification of natural products, gram-scale synthesis, broad substrate scope and postfunctionalizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To see prevalence of depression in patients on hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. To assess and compare factors responsible for depression in these patients. Materials and Methods: 52 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and 130 patients on hemodialysis (HD) were enrolled for the study. All the patients were administered becks depression inventory (BDI), a self-assessment questionnaire and cognitive depression inventory (CDI) was calculated. They were also assessed for quality of life (QOL) on a 1-5 self-reported Likert scale. Clinical and biochemical characteristics affecting depression in patients on both modalities of renal replacement therapy were evaluated and compared. Results: The mean age of patients on CAPD and HD was 60.1±8.7 and 39.69±14.6 years respectively (P- 0.001) with a male / female ratio of 63.4% and 65.3% (P- 0.86) respectively. There was a significant difference in the mean hemoglobin (9.69±1.65 vs 8.08±1.96 g/dl, P- 0.001) and serum albumin levels (3.21±0.65 gm/dl vs 3.6±0.80 gm/dl, P- 0.003) in patients of CAPD and HD. Overall more patients on CAPD 42/52 were depressed when compared to patients on HD 56/130 (P- 0.0001). Overall 19.2% patients on HD had mild depression, 14.6% had moderate depression and 7.6% had severe depression compared to 34.6%, 26.9% and 19.2% in patients on CAPD. Higher BDI scores, lower QOL scores and greater no of episodes of peritonitis were seen in patients on CAPD, who had a serum albumin < 3.5 gm/dl (P- 0.001, 0.04, 0.01). Depression in patients on CAPD was associated with hemoglobin < 10 g/dl but not with socio-economic status, occupation and duration of CAPD. Poor quality of life in patients on CAPD was associated with serum albumin level <3.5/dl, mean hemoglobin levels < 10 g/dl but not with socio-economic status, occupation and duration of CAPD. Episodes of peritonitis were more frequent in patients, who were depressed and had a lower mean serum albumin. BDI scores in CAPD patients correlated inversely with serum albumin (r- -0.595, P < 0.0001), hemoglobin (r- -0.493, P-< 0.0001) and quality of life (r- -0.803, P- < 0.0001) whereas quality of life correlated inversely with serum albumin (r- -0.803, P < 0.001) and hemoglobin (r- -0.412, P-0.002). Patients on HD with mean hemoglobin < 10g/dl (n-96) had higher mean BDI scores 14.70±11.0 and CDI scores 9.69±6.9 and poor QOL scores 2.88±1.23 when compared to patients with a mean hemoglobin > 10g/dl, BDI- 10.44±7.29, CDI-6.94±5.48 and QOL-3.5±1.16 (P- 0.003, 0.04, 0.01) respectively. Depression in patients on HD was unrelated to duration of illness, employment, and education and serum albumin levels. Undepressed patients on HD had significantly better quality of life when compared to depressed patients (P- < 0.002). They also had better hemoglobin levels when compared to severely depressed patients (P- 0.02). BDI scores correlated inversely with quality of life (r- -0.62, P- <0.0001) and hemoglobin levels (r- -0.213, P- 0.01), however there was no correlation with mean albumin, education levels, socio-economic status or duration of illness. Conclusion: Patients of CAPD are more depressed than patients on HD. In patients on CAPD, the depression and poor quality of life correlates with poor serum albumin and lower hemoglobin levels. In patients on HD, depression leads to a poor quality of life and correlates with poor hemoglobin levels. Attempts should be made to correct these reversible factors in this population of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]