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The application of sites containing low-strength soil deposits is of great concern concerning the rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization. To overcome such difficulties in construction, ground improvement techniques are frequently practiced. So, the provision of the stone column is one of the well-known approaches to improve the weak soil properties. Moreover, the application of reinforced stone columns is chosen over the conventional method of stone columns to enhance the strength and durability parameters of weak soils to a greater extent. In this context, the present article presents a state-of-art review of reinforced stone columns and analyzes their developments, Performance, and Prospects concerning future aspects. This comprehensive analysis includes the most relevant existing studies based on experimental, analytical, and field testing for static and cyclic loading conditions. The present study presents the review chronologically from the beginning of the research on geosynthetic reinforced stone columns. The main aim of this study is to collect the existing outcomes from various research and accumulate them in one resource which will be helpful for future researchers to proceed with the new development with this easily accessible information and data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the current study is to create environmentally friendly bituminous paving mixes that make extensive use of waste products like recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and waste polyethylene. A control mix with conventional stone aggregates (CSA) and VG40 bitumen was taken into consideration for the comparison study. It was noticed that the modified RAP mixes significantly enhanced the performance of the control mix in terms of Marshall stability and rutting resistance. Waste polyethylene was shown to be less prone to moisture-induced damage when added to modify the RAP mixes made with pre-treated recycled concrete aggregate (PRCA) or CSA. The performances of modified RAP mixes incorporating waste polyethylene and CSA or PRCA showed significant improvements. The modified RAP mixes made using various combinations of PRCA-CSA and waste polyethylene can be considered as good substitute for the CSA-VG40 control mix, and can therefore improve the high and intermediate temperature performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to understand the impact of inert-active filler combinations on cracking and resistance of asphalt mastic using work of fracture approach. A control grade asphalt binder (VG-30) and three fillers (inert: basalt (B); active: hydrated lime (HL) Nano hydrated lime (NHL)) were considered. The HL and NHL were added from 0% to 20% at 5% increment rate by weight of binder. The dosages of B were adjusted with respect to specific filler to binder ratios (0.6 to 1.2). The study focused on the influence of NHL on cracking resistance of mastic by means of ductile and fracture behaviour, evaluated using double edge notched tension test (DENT) at intermediate temperature condition. Findings indicated a beneficial impact in improving the cracking and fracture resistance of mastic due to reduction in the size of HL (NHL). The results signify that both HL and NHL can enhance the resistance to withstand ductile failure and fracture. Also, mastic prepared with B-NHL can be less susceptible to fracture over B-HL and hence, possessed improved ductile properties. Consequently, a lower dosage of NHL found to be superior over a higher dosage of HL in improving the cracking and fracture resistance of asphalt mastic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of surface treated Montmorillonite Nano Clay (NC) on performance of bitumen. The modification of bitumen was prepared using VG-30 grade bitumen with different percentages of NC by weight of bitumen (3% to 6%). Prior to mixing, surface of NC modified with Octadecyl amine and Aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Temperature susceptibility was evaluated using activation energy parameter. Rutting behavior was characterized using temperature sweep and multiple stress creep recovery tests. Fatigue performance was assessed using temperature sweep and linear amplitude sweep tests. Results inferred the potential benefit of NC in lowering the degree of temperature susceptibility. The trend of performance parameters indicate significant improvement in rutting and fatigue cracking resistance. Moreover, optimum dosage of surface treated NC was found to be 4.5% at which the binder showed significant improvement in resistance to rutting, fatigue and high temperature aging without affecting the storage stability property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]