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10. Integrated remediation approach for metal polluted soils using plants, nanomaterials and root-associated bacteria.

Author

Daryabeigi Zand, Ali, Vaezi Heir, Azar, and Khodaei, Hamidreza

Subjects
*PLANT-soil relationships, *SOIL remediation, *NANOSTRUCTURED materials, *BIOACCUMULATION, *SOIL pollution, *SOILS
Abstract

Soil is a major sink for heavy metals released into the environment. The remediation of Pb-polluted soils brings a techno-economical challenge for researchers and decision makers. Phytoremediation enhanced by PGPR or nanomaterials, individually, have been studied to remove contaminants such as heavy metals from soil, but association of both PGPR and nanomaterials in phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil has remained scant.Association of plants, nanomaterials and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) was investigated for the first time in this research to support remediation of Pb, while optimizing the quantity of used nanomaterials. Seedlings of S. bicolor were exposed to different regimes of TiO2 NPs (0, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) and the PGPR, separately and in combination, to investigate the effects on plant growth, Pb uptake and accumulation and physiological response of the plant in contaminated soil. Greater accumulation of Pb in the roots compared to the shoots of S. bicolor was observed in all treatments. Application of PGPR enhanced Pb uptake by roots. Using TiO2 NPs significantly increased accumulation capacity of S. bicolor for Pb with the greatest accumulation capacity of 1377.18 µg per pot achieved in the "PGPR + 500 mg/kg TiO2 NPs" treatment (p < 0.05). Adverse effects of using high concentration of TiO2 NPs i.e., 1000 mg/kg were found on plant growth and phytoremediation performance. Significant beneficial effect of integrated use of TiO2 NPs and PGPR on plant photosynthesis was also found. Promoted physiological response like relative growth and production of chlorophyll content was found for plants treated with association of TiO2 NPs and the PGPR. Co-application of TiO2 NPs and PGPR could reduce the required amounts of TiO2 NPs for successful phytoremediation of heavy metalloid polluted soils. Results of this study presented a promising novel technique by combined application of TiO2 NPs and PGPR in phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soils. Intelligent uses of plants in accompany with nanomaterials and PGPR have great application prospects in dealing with soil remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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15. Evaluation of the Potential of Burningbush (Kochia scoparia(L.) Schard) and Maize (Zea maysL.) and the Role of Soil Organic Amendment in Phytoremediation of Gasoline-Contaminated Soils

Author

Daryabeigi Zand, Ali and Hoveidi, Hassan

Abstract

A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the performance of burningbush (Kochia scoparia(L.) Schard) and maize (Zea maysL.) in removal of hydrocarbons from soils contaminated with different levels of gasoline. Plants’ capability to grow in gasoline-spiked soils was also evaluated. Additionally, peat fertilizer applied to selected treatments to identify the role of organic amendment of soil on plant growth and remediation potential in contaminated soil. Both studied plant species were found to tolerate gasoline contamination up to the highest applied concentration, i.e., 10,000 mg/kg; however, seedling emergence and subsequent growth were affected in the presence of various levels gasoline in soil. Germination, biomass and root length of burningbush and maize significantly decreased in the presence of higher levels of gasoline (P< 0.05). Positive influence of soil amendment with peat on plant growth and phytoremediation performance was achieved. Remediation ability of both plant species was altered by variation in gasoline content of soil. For instance, increase in gasoline content of unamended soils from 1000 to 10,000 mg/kg reduced hydrocarbon dissipation in the rhizosphere of burningbush from 92.48 to 79.44%. Burningbush and maize demonstrated considerable remediation ability over the course of experiment, with slightly higher effectiveness for burningbush both in amended and in unamended soils. Results indicated that high tolerance and biomass establishment of a given plant species in gasoline-contaminated soil, as observed for burningbush and maize, may imply promising phytoremediation performance.

Published
2018
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