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Politeness refers to socio-cultural norms, conventions, or rituals in society. From a critical sociolinguistic perspective, the discourse of politeness is inseparable from social status and power. For instance, people who have a high social standing associate with a high level of politeness. This condition certainly has implications for a social hierarchy. Status is characterized by the presence of a high social position, while power is related to the hegemony of the powerful person to his subordinates. Previous research has shown that power is closely related to society characterized by educated, knowledgeable, and elderly people in society. However, in today’s digital age, those indicators have shifted to wealth, position, and fame. It is for this reason that relations of power and status in politeness need to be redefined.

This study aims to examine the effect of digital literacy, digital marketing, and word of mouth on the interest of the z generation in Islamic banks. Researchers used primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to students and students with a total sample of 460 respondents. In this study the sample acquisition technique used a purposive sample with the criteria for respondents being in the age range of 17 years to 25 years. The research method uses a quantitative approach and PLS analysis techniques assisted by SmartPLS version 3.0. The variables in this study include exogenous variables in the form of digital literacy, financial literacy, digital marketing, brand image and word of mouth as well as exogenous variables namely interest in Islamic banks. The results of this study indicate that financial literacy, digital marketing and word of mouth have an influence significant to the interest of the z generation in Islamic banks. Meanwhile, digital literacy and brand image have no significant effect on the z generation's interest in Islamic banks. The results of this study can be used as reference material in conducting further research, especially to determine Islamic banking marketing techniques for the z generation. For further research, it is expected to develop this research by adding other variables such as religiosity, location, level of service and other factors as well as other methods of research such as further and in-depth interview techniques with respondents so that more varied information results are obtained.

This study aims to investigate identical word pairs, word couples that have a phonemic correspondence, and the sound shift in phonological differences, sound variation, sound addition, and lenition. The study uses empirical data collected from 2 Yemeni college students who studied in Indonesia. Two hundred seven of Swadesh's basic vocabulary was used as the standard procedure for collecting data. The results indicated the relationship between form and meaning as a whole, a different pattern. Specifically, the three dimensions - cognate, phonemic correspondence, and a pair of words contain a different pattern, sound-change, phonological, and morpheme contrast in Modern Arabic Standard, Sana’a Yemeni Arabic (YEMS), Dhamar Yemeni Arabic (YEMD). The other sound change in the form of metathesis exposes that there are six rules: five kinds of word syllable systems and dissimilation, three forms of sound addition, and four types of sound loss. This study focuses on sound correspondence in three Arabic languages that influence more variations of Arabic. MSA, YEMS, and YEMD represent a case where two distinct language varieties exist in Yemen. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will help college students and lecturers to understand a phenomenon in Arabic-speaking communities and the significant impact it has on arranging Arabic teaching materials. The value of this research work is evident from the fact that the Arabic language teaching model has neglected the teaching of Arabic variation even though they are essential.

This paper studies language and translation of the term related to Covid-19. The background of this research is many new vocabularies related to Covid-19 is borrowing term. This study attempts to find answers to the following question: a) What kind of collocations are related to the term Covid-19 pandemic in English, Arabic, and Indonesian? b) How is the pattern of word order forming collocations with the term Covid-19 pandemic in English, Arabic, and Indonesian? This study addressed the emergence of new English, Arabic, Indonesian collocation related to Covid-19 using H. Men’s collocation theory. This study used newspapers, namely Republika, BBC, al-Jazeera online that show Covid-19 as the standard procedure for collecting data. This study used corpus linguistic to analyze collocation, concordance, and syntax analysis, models. The Covid-19 domain has chosen because the Indonesian term in this domain uses a lot of loanwords. The source of the data was a basic-words and compound term. The investigation informed several aspects of findings, such as identifying the pattern of collocation, borrowing, and collocation term of coronavirus concept.

The purpose of this study was to describe the role of youth in adapting dangdut koplo songs to songs that have da’wah value, and the the relationship between popular culture and religion in the adapted songs. Purposively, this qualitative study relied on some lyrics of dangdut koplo songs adapted by the into more religious ones. In analyzing the data, the researcher used the theory of cultural adaptation, social media, and Roland Barthes’ semiotics. The research found out the youth adapted the lyrics from dangdut koplo into religious dangdut by changing the lyrics with the same arrangement. This was done so that people remained familiar with the dangdut music they enjoyed with a touch of religion. The devotional lyrics were characterized by advice, advocating goodness, encouraging people to stay away from evil, loving the prophet more, and social criticism. Regarding the distribution patterns of the adapted songs, there were two dominant media utilized, YouTube channels and Taklim assembly which was usually done by santri and non-santri youth. This showed that in the process of adaptation and dissemination, the adolescents played as an adaptation agent, distribution agent, and agent of change. The study concluded the adapted religious dangdut koplo songs could be an interesting media in the millennial da’wah.

Politicians use their political interviews to convey their thoughts towards their nations or others. This study aims to analyze conversation analysis and implicature of maxims being flouted by Adel Al-Jubeir regarding the Yemeni campaign, which started on 26th of March 2014. The study uses descriptive qualitative method. The data were institutional talk (Interview) conducted by Adel Al-Jubeir as IE (interviewee) and the journalist Wolf Blitzer as IR (interviewer) in the CNN channel in Washington. The data were analyzed according to Clayman and Heritage (2002) for conversation analysis and implicature of maxim based on Grice (1975). The results show two linguistic evidences. First, in institutional talks, conversation consists of three components, namely, opening, content, and closing. The opening includes the introduction, the content includes the announcement of the beginning of the campaign interface on Yemen and the Iranian nuclear program and its threat to Saudi Arabia, and the closing includes complete pairs (greetings). Second, for implicature analysis, the results show that Al-Jubeir being over-informative, stating more than required, represented with 82% of the quantity. He made a speech that he believed to be false, unjustified, and untruthful replies, representing 100% in the scale of quality. He gave irrelevant meaning to respond other participants’ utterances, representing 65% of maxim of relation. He gave unclear and indirect replies, representing 77% of maxim of manner. Besides, Al-Jubeir cooperated with IR. In addition, it can be summarized that he applied both particularized conversational and general implicature on political interview with some violation of the maxims as well.

This paper studies the process of sound correspondences that occur in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), Moroccan Arabic (MAR), and Najdi Arabic (NAR). It attempts to find answers for the following questions: a) What are the identical word pairs, words couples that have a phonemic correspondence, a phonetic similarity, and a pair of words that contains difference of one phoneme, b) What are the process of morphophonemic in the form of assimilation, metathesis, and epenthesis. It is addressed to portray the process of morphophonemic assimilation, metathesis and epenthesis in three Arabic languages using Crowley’s theory. This study used 207 of Morris Swadesh's basic vocabulary as the key standard procedure for collecting data. The criteria adopted to analyze the data were orthographic, sound-change, phonological, and morpheme contrast. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The source of the data was basic-word vocabulary. The data were gathered from three dictionaries as sources to get information. The data were analyzed by using structural linguistics, especially phonology, morphology, and semantics. This investigation informed several aspects of findings such as identifying prefixes, suffixes, assimilation, metathesis, and epenthesis. Using the Swadesh vocabulary list, the results of this study found 207 vocabularies for each language. By analyzing parts of speech, it was found that these vocabularies can be classified into five-word classes, namely, nouns, pronouns, verb, adjectives, adverbs, and determiners.

This paper studies comparative linguistics on the process of word-formation that occurs in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), Palestinian Arabic (PLS), and Tunisian Arabic (TNS). It is addressed to portray the process of the verb, adjective, and noun formation in three Arabic languages by using Plag’s theory and to identify sameness and contrariness of basic words by using Hock’s theory. This study used 220 of Morris Swadesh's basic vocabulary as the main guidelines for obtaining data. The criteria were adopted to analyze the data were orthographic, sound-change, phonological and morpheme contrast. This research used descriptive qualitative. The source of the data was basic-word vocabulary. The data were gathered by conducting an in-depth interview with five post-graduate students of the Arabic Department at Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta as informants to get information. The data were analyzed by using structural linguistics, especially phonology, morphology, and semantics. This investigation informed several aspects of findings such as processes of cognates, back-formation, phonological variations, prefixes, clipping, derivation, acronym, loanword, blending, and metathesis of MSA, PLS and TNS. Using the Swadesh vocabulary list, the results of this study found 207 vocabularies for each language, such as MSA, Tunisian, and Palestinian. Using word categorization, it has found that these vocabularies have categorized into five words classes, namely, nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, determiner.

The study is aimed at investigating differences of Amiyah Sudanese and Syrian Arabic lexical forms and meanings in the field of kitchen appliances. It is a study of comparative historical linguistics that uses corpuses of both languages obtained from four Sudanese and Syrian native speaker students who utilize these tools in their everyday modern live. The authors collect the data by themselves applying their own compiled vocabulary list and Swadesh vocabulary list. The findings show that “kitchen appliances@ vocabularies in the Sudanese and Syrian are related to each other. This is evidenced by the the word pairs which (a) are identical or cooccurrence; (b) have a phonemic correspondence or recurrence; and (c) have phonetical similarity with one phoneme difference. In addition, the kitchen appliances usage changes too along with the need in identifying the new words or terms for the new kitchen appliances. It is concluded that the lexical form of Sudanese and Syrian Arabic is systematically compatible, in terms of sound aspects; however sounds of the Sudanese language change in the Syrian vocabulary. Studi ini bertujuan menyelidiki perbedaan bentuk dan makna dari kosakata bahasa Amiyah Sudan dan bahasa Arab Suriah dalam kosakata dapur dan apa saja bentuk dan makna kata-kata majemuk dalam peralatan dapur ini. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian Linguistik Historis Komparatif dengan menggunakan data dari kedua bahasa tersebut yang diperoleh dari empat mahasiswa penutur jati Sudan dan Suriah yang menggunakan alat masak tersebut setiap hari di era modern. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengacu pada daftar kosakata bahasa Swadesh dan daftar kosakata lainnya. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa kosakata "peralatan dapur" di Sudan dan Suriah saling terkait. Ini dibuktikan dengan penemuan pasangan kata yang: (a) identik atau terjadi bersamaan (b) memiliki korespondensi fonemik, atau re-aliran fonemik (c) memiliki kesamaan fonetis, dan memiliki satu perbedaan fonem. Penggunaan peralatan dapur juga berubah dengan begitu banyak nama-nama peralatan dapur yang dibutuhkan juga berbeda. Bertumpu pada hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk leksikal dari Sudan dan Suriah secara sistematis kompatibel, dalam hal aspek suara, ada beberapa suara dari bahasa Sudan yang berubah dalam kosa kata bahasa Syria. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث في كيفية اختلاف أشكال ومعاني المفردات العربية السودانية والسورية في المفردات المطبخية و أشكالها ومعانيها المركبة. و حصل الباحث البيانات من أربعة متحدثين سودانيين وسوريين وهم يستخدمون الادوات المطبخية كل يوم في العصر. يتغير استخدام الأدوات المطبخية مع وجود العديد من أسماء معدات المطابخ المطلوبة أيضًا. تم جمع البيانات باستخدام إشارة إلى قائمة المفردات Swadesh وقوائم المفردات الأخرى التي جمعها المؤلف. تستخدم الدراسات اللغوية التاريخية المقارنة بيانات من اللغتين للمقارنة. أظهرت النتائج أن مفردات "أدوات المطبخ" في السودان وسوريا مترابطة. و يتضح هذا من خلال اكتشاف الكلمات الثنائية التي: (أ) متطابقة (ب) لها مراسلات صوتية، أو أن إعادة التدفق الصوتي (ج) لها أوجه تشابه صوتية، ولها اختلاف صوتي واحد. و بناءً على النتائج، يمكن أن يستنتج الباحث أن الشكل المعجمي للسودان وسوريا متوافق بشكل منهجي، من حيث الجوانب الصوتية، هناك بعض الأصوات من اللغة السودانية التي تتغير في المفردات السريانية.

This article describes the type of phonological changes in Arabic everyday language pattern of Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The data collection was done by interview using Swadesh vocabulary as a guide. Each vocabulary was recorded and transcribed phonetically. From the comparison of sounds and phonemes forming vocabulary in both languages, known sound-changes of sound are classified, namely: (1) referential, (2) articulatory phonetics, (3) translational, (4) orthographic, (5) the tools of speech. Similarity technique is used to see similarities and differences. The results showed that everyday language pattern of Egypt and Saudi Arabia has a lot of phonological variation in the form of (a) lenition (b) deletion, (c) the addition of sound. The sound addition includes the addition of a consonant and vowel at the beginning, middle, and the end of the word. Sound deletion occurs at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the word.

The aims of this research are to find out the types of language used and language choice in term of Indonesian-Arabic, language style, and to identify some causal factors of language choice in the discourse of Abu Sulaiman Aman Abdurrahman's dakwah. This research uses Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model The object of this research is the Indonesia-Arabic contained in the text of his da'wah. The research method is the match method followed by basic and advanced techniques. The basic technique is the basic technique of Determining Elements (PUP). This technique is used to classify Arabic vocabulary as a foreign language in the text. The advanced technique refers the equalizing appeal technique. The result of this research shows that the form of foreign language usage in this text is Arabic. There are three sentence’s pattern in the text, such as: imperative, exclamatory and declarative. The purpose of using imperative sentence pattern is likely to show request, attitude and principle; additionally, the aim of using exclamatory is to express strong emotions. On the other hand, declarative sentence is used to convey information or make statements and ask the audience would like to change the way of thinking from common law to Islamic law. The style of language and the use of sentences in the text of da'wah is oriented to the concept of Islamic shari'ah according to Aman viewpoint. There are several factors that cause language choice, namely: (1) the background of the subject, (2) the background of the place, (3) the need for synonyms, (4) the speaker's bilingualism. --- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk pemakaian bahasa Indonesa-Arab, pola, dan faktor penyebab pemakaian bahasa itu pada wacana dakwah Abu Sulaiman Aman Abdurrahman. Objek penelitian ini adalah bahasa Indonesia-Arab yang terdapat pada naskah dakwahnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode padan dengan diikuti teknik dasar dan lanjutan. Teknik dasar yang digunakan adalah teknik dasar Pilah Unsur Penentu. Teknik ini digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan kosakata bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa asing pada naskah dakwah tersebut. Teknik lanjutan yang digunakan adalah teknik hubung banding menyamakan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa bentuk pemakaian bahasa asing yang terdapat pada isi dakwah ini adalah bahasa Arab. Bahasa Arab digunakan untuk menyatakan konsep hukum Islam. Pola pemakaian kalimat yaitu kalimat ajakan, seruan dan pernyataan. Pola ajakan digunakan untuk menunjukkan sikap dan pendiriannya, kalimat seruan digunakan agar khalayak mau melakukan apa yang diserukan, selanjutnya, kalimat pernyataan dipakai untuk merubah cara berpikir dari hukum umum ke hukum Islam. Pemakaian pola kalimat dan gaya bahasa pada naskah dakwah itu berorientasi pada konsep syari’at Islam menurut cara pandang Aman. Selain itu, ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan pemilihan bahasa yang dilakukan oleh Aman antara lain, (1) latar belakang pokok bahasan, (2) latar belakang tempat, (3) kebutuhan sinonim, (4) adanya kedwibahasaan penutur. DOI : 10.15408/bat.v24i1.7070

Bakusedu is vernacular language literature, such as short story is one of reality construction of Manado’s culture, in the form of oral and writing represented in symbols. For Manado’s people bakusedu is a kind of their societies’ advice which cannot be forgot and separated from their live; it also serves a means of social communication in order to teach, educate, to draw characters, emotion, and inform values for younger generation. This research’s problem is focused on the study of forms of emotion’s word and meaning in bakusedu which is spoken in Manado language. This research can be classified as a case study using eclectic approach which combines theories of linguistic and sociology of literature. Methodologically, in this research is natural in characteristics because the primary data are observed directly. The form of culture value in this bakusedu identified in writing. The researcher serves as human instrument. The data emotion words and phrases are gathered from monolog and dialog content of its bakusedu that is spoken by Manado ethnic group in North Sulawesi. The finding of emotion words and it function in the society are found, namely words and phrases which cover human character such as: working as mercy of god, discussion to solve problem, physical character; several kind of emotion words, such as positif, netral and negatif.

Abstrak Penelitian ini berupaya untuk menggambarkan pemakaian deiksis dalam teks terjemahan berbahasa Indonesia dari bahasa sumbernya, bahasa Arab. Deiksis dipahami sebagai bagian dari studi pragmatik, dengan begitu deiksis merupakan salah satu objek bidang kajian dari pragmatik. Masalah dalam penelitian ini: 1) bagaimanakah jenis-jenis deiksis; 2) bagaimanakan maksud dibalik penggunaan deiksis sosial pada kumpulan cerpen Al-Kabuus. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mendeskripsikan aneka jenis deiksis, 2) mendeskripsikan maksud penggunaan deiksis sosial pada kumpulan cerpen Al-Kabuus. Objek penelitian yang dikaji adalah jenis, maksud serta hubungan deiksis sosial dengan yang terdapat pada cerpen Al-Kabuus. Subjek penelitiannya adalah cerpen karya Najib Kailani yang diterjemahkan oleh Zuriyati. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah kata, frase, klausa, kalimat yang di dalamnya terdapat jenis dan maksud penggunaan deiksis sosial dalam cerpen Al-Kabuus. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 20 cerpen dari Al-Kabuus diperoleh 60 deiksis sosial, terdapat 5 deiksis sosial jenis gelar, 4 deiksis sosial jenis jabatan, 12 deiksis sosial jenis profesi, dan terdapat 36 deiksis sosial jenis julukan. --- Abstract This study attempted to describe the use of deixis in Indonesian language translation text from the source language, Arabic. Deixis understood as part of a pragmatic study, so deixis is one of the object field of study of pragmatics. The problem in this research: 1) how the types of deixis; 2) how is the intention behind the use of social deixis on a collection of short stories Al-Kabuus. Goals to be achieved in this research are: 1) to describe the various types of deixis, 2) describe the intended use of social deixis on a collection of short stories Al-Kabuus. The object of research by reviewing the type, purpose and relationship with the social deixis contained in Al-Kabuus short stories. Subject of research is the short story by Najib Kailani translated by Zuriyati. The data in this study are words, phrases, clauses, sentences in which there are different types and the intended use of social deixis in short stories Al-Kabuus. Sources of data in this study consisted of primary data sources and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques in this study using documentation. The results of this study indicate that as many as 20 short stories from Al-Kabuus obtained 60 social deixis, social deixis there are 5 types of titles, positions four types of social deixis, social deixis 12 kinds of professions, and social deixis there are 36 kinds of nicknames.

Abstrak Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil analisis unsur intrinsik, ekstrinsik dan tinjauan sosial budaya tokoh dalam film “Doa untuk Ayah”. Ada tujuh unsur intrinsik yang ditelaah, yaitu: 1) tema; 2) latar; 3) penokohan; 4) alur; 5) proses kejiwaan; 6) gaya bahasa; 7) sudut pandang. Untuk memahami unsur ekstrinsik digunakan pendekatan sosiologi melalui dua aspek yaitu: 1) tindakan sosial dan 2) interaksi sosial. Selanjutnya, tinjauan sosial budaya diperlukan untuk mengetahui latar belakang sosial budaya para tokoh dalam film.Kajian ini berargumentasi bahwa karya film merupakan karya yang faktanya diangkat dari kehidupan sehari-hari yang telah dibubuhi imajinasi sutradara pembuat film.Atas dasar itu karya film diidentikan dengan karya sastra. Untuk memahami unsur intrinsik sastra digunakan teori Wellek and Austin (1956), sedangkan cara melihat unsur ekstrinsik digunakan cara yang disarankan oleh Mahayana (2007), demikian pula untuk meninjau latar sosial budaya digunakan Murdiyatmoko (2014). Data menunjukkan bahwa dalam berbagai episode film terdapat ujaran-ujaran berbahasa Indonesia yang menggunakan gaya bahasa personifikasi, ironi dan paradox. Dengan mempertimbangan tiga aspek intrinsik, ekstrinsik dan tinjauan sosiologi setiap karya film dapat diberi makna yang bersifat multitafsir, tergantung dari sudut pandang masing-masing penonton melihat suatu film. --- Abstract This paper presents the analysis of Indonesian film which contains several aspects of education character. The question of this study is how the instrinsic elements, extrinsic and social culture shownin this film? The goal of this research is to find out the element of intrinsic, extrinsic and socio-cultural aspects in the film "A Pray for My Father". The paradigm of this research uses linguistics aspects, especially syntax, to analyze lingual units in this film. The research method is an observation method refers to the technical note (Sudaryanto, 1998). The researcher found seven intrinsic elements, such as 1) the theme; 2) background; 3) characterization; 4) plot; 5) mental process; 6) style; 7) and point of view. To understand the extrinsic elements, the researcher uses sociological approach through two aspects: 1) social action and 2) social interaction. This study argues that the film is in fact out of the real life life. Based on the literature study, this film is identified as literary. To understand the intrinsic elements of the theory of literature, the researcher uses Wellek and Austin (1956) and Mahayana (2007) for the extrinsic elements. To review the socio-cultural background, the writer uses Murdiyatmoko (2014). The data show that some episodes, the language utterances used in this film embody personification style, irony and paradox. It considers three aspects of the intrinsic, extrinsic and review sociological aspects. This film can pose multiple interpretations, depending on the audiences’.

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) menjelaskan kesalahan pemakaian kalimat dalam tulisan-tulisan mahasiswa asing yang belajar di Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta; mendeskripsikan beberapa aspek kesalahan yang dominan, dan 3) faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya kesalahan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan sampel tugas-tugas harian membuat karangan oleh mahasiswa asing Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta teknik samping yang diterapkan dalam kajian ini adalah teknik sampel purposif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah model analisis interaktif yang mencakupi empat dimensi, yakni pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa: pertama unsur-unsur linguistik yang mengalami kesalahan berbahasa yang kerap terjadi dalam teks karangan mahasiswa asing terjadi dalam empat kategori kesalahan, yaitu: kesalahan ejaan; pembentukan kata, aspek sintaksis dan aspek semantik. Kedua, penggunaan tanda baca. --- Abstract The aim of this research are namely: 1) to describe the error of Indonesian language in writing sentences by the foreign college students of center for language development Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University; 2) to describe the most errors, and 3) to find several factors of error. This research is a qualitative descriptive with a sample foreign college student sentences text of center for language development Jakarta State Islamic University. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection technique used was document analysis. Data analysis technique use is the interactive analytical model that includes four dimensions, such as data collection; data reduction, data presentation and verification. The conclusion of this study is such as follows. Firstly, the linguistic elements of language errors that often occur in the college student sentence texts are divided into four errors such as: spellings error, word formation or morphology, syntax and semantics. Secondly, the most error in the text of foreign college students is the punctuation errors.

Abstract: Many experts have observed the main character's internal conflict, however their analysis has not explained the conflict form that has an impact on the mental state of the child. This study aims to analyze: a) form of inner conflict experienced by the main character in the novel Mimpi Kecil Tita, b) find out what factors cause internal conflict in the novel Mimpi Kecil Tita? Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory is used to reveal internal conflict and several factors that cause it. Descriptive qualitative analysis was used as a research method. Overall, these results indicate that fears, anxiety, absence, and hopes are identified as conflict settings referring to the concepts of approach-avoidance and avoidance-avoidance. Viewed from the concept of approaching-avoidance (approach-avoidance) and broad-away (avoidance-avoidance) refers to anxiety, failure, pain, cunning based on the impact of personality or id. The facts of the story show the Ego is miserable. This misery causes an inner conflict is identified as the avoidance of desire (approach-avoidance) marked by the confused id. The form of Superego conflict in Tita is feelings of suffering, anger at someone, and hurt. Four factors that cause internal conflict, namely economic hardship, dishonesty, frustration, and hurt feelings. Abstrak: Penelitian yang mengkaji konflik internal tokoh utama telah banyak dilakukan para ahli, namun analisis mereka terhadap konflik internal tokoh utama belum menjelaskan bentuk konflik yang berdampak pada keadaan jiwa anak. Teori Psikoanalis dari Freud digunakan untuk mengungkap tikai batin dan aneka faktor penyebab konflik. Analisis kualitatif deskriptif digunakan sebagai metode penelitian. Secara keseluruhan, hasil ini menunjukkan ketakutan, kegalauan, ketiadaan, dan berharap diidentifikasi sebagai tatanan konflik merujuk kepada konsep mendekat-menjauh (approach-avoidance), dan konflik menjauh-menjauh (avoidance-avoidance). Ditinjau dari konsep mendekat-menjauh (approach-avoidance) dan menjauh-menjauh (avoidance-avoidance) merujuk kepada kecemasan, kegagalan, kepedihan, kelicikan didasarkan adanya dampak personalitas atau id. Fakta cerita menunjukkan Ego sengsara. Kesengsaraan itu menimbulkan konflik batin yang diidentifikasi sebagai penghindaran diri dari keinginan (appproach-avoidance) ditandai oleh id yang merasa kebingungan. Wujud konflik superego dalam diri Tita adalah perasaan penderitaan, marah pada seseorang, dan sakit hati. Faktor-faktor yang menimbulkan konflik internal ada empat yaitu kesulitan ekonomi, ketidakjujuran, frustasi, dan sakit hati.