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Istanbul-based Turkish Airlines (THY) is a major global carrier serving more international destinations than any other airline in the world, mostly from its new airport hub (IST). This paper aims to unpack and better understand this achievement by focusing on the airline's geographical location, fleet mix and international network scope. Although a range of other key metrics and/or factors could also generate valuable insights about THY, these three are particularly salient when it comes to explaining the number of international destinations it serves. Geopolitics would be a strong contender for inclusion here as well, although core competitors in the Gulf region and elsewhere share similar international relations, therefore, minimising the key insights available in this regard. The paper adopts a single case study approach whereby a deeper level assessment is made of the airline, including how these three core focal areas contribute to its global reach. Located at the point where Europe and Asia meet, Türkiye is home to over 80 million people, and has a significant domestic air market along with a thriving tourism industry. Operating a sizeable mixed fleet of narrow-body and wide-body aircraft, THY is able to capitalise on its home-base proximity to Europe, and its strong links further afield to North America and elsewhere, to create an extensive global network. Future potential growth exists into currently unserved air markets such as Australia (and the Southwest Pacific more widely), along with the expansion of its existing network in terms of capacity and frequency levels.

The two biggest airlines in Taiwan – China Airlines and EVA Air – face a wide range of similar strategic opportunities and challenges, while also pursuing considerably different strategic priorities in some key areas. This paper conducts a comparative strategic analysis of these two airlines by considering the key success factors (KSFs) of fleet mix and size, international partnerships and cooperation, network scope and global reach, and brand awareness and loyalty. Despite geopolitical restrictions, both carriers have developed sizable fleets, networks and partnerships with a global ambition, effectively creating a duopoly that controls half of the passenger market and almost two-thirds of the cargo market in Taiwan. Their brands are recognized outside Taiwan, although EVA Air enjoys slightly better perception of quality by rating companies and passengers. Yet, external realities have greater potential to determine each airline's future strategic trajectory, rather than internal KSFs. Both airlines help to illustrate the global connectivity that the airline industry can foster and promote, and each provides a counterbalance to regional tensions and divisions by doing so.

This paper conducts a strategic analysis of Saudia using a recent strategic framework of analysis developed specifically for air transport; that is, the politics, economics and geography (PEG) framework. The motivation to analyse Saudia stems from the ongoing doctoral research the lead author is currently carrying out which is focused on investigating the strategic trajectories of the Middle East big three (MEB3). In this study Saudia has been identified as a potential key competitor which can exert pressure on the future trajectories of the traditional big three Gulf carriers, Emirates, Etihad and Qatar. Given PEG is a novel framework developed specifically for the airline industry, and is simple and straight forward to use, it is considered a ‘best fit’ for Saudia, particularly when primary data about the airline is yet to be collected. Saudia is also heavily influenced by geopolitics. The analysis in this paper is structured based firstly on the category of politics, then geography and finally economics. The outcome of the first two categories demonstrates the extent to which politics and geography are more important to the airline than economics, as far as strategic direction is concerned. They also reveal that the airline may even enjoy better fundamentals than the MEB3 and, given the new economic vision of the Kingdom, the possibility of overshadowing one of the MEB3 is not excluded in the medium term. Porter’s five forces of competition strategic framework of analysis was also used when analysing Saudia, particularly in relation to the PEG category of economics. It is recommended that a PEG analysis of Saudia is supported by further analysis through other strategic frameworks to better uncover key factors and forces shaping the airline’s strategic future.

This paper looks at the development and use of a strategic level framework of analysis tailored to air transportation management studies. Generic strategic frameworks designed for industry level analysis do not always capture the core factors and forces impacting and shaping the contemporary global aviation industry. The proposed strategic framework covers three key categories; namely politics, economics and geography, resulting in the acronym PEG. Three of the most commonly employed generic strategic frameworks in management research, including air transport management, are SWOT, PEST (PESTE/PESTEL) and Porter’s five forces. However, these do not readily encourage all three of the PEG categories, with geography not explicitly featuring in any of these generic frameworks. Where an airline is based in the world matters in global aviation as the industry is underpinned by the bilateral system – a bundle of restrictions and limitations covering airline nationality/citizenship, ownership, control and home base requirements. The paper concludes by contending that PEG is an easy to remember and apply strategic framework for air transportation management studies and builds on the strengths and possibilities of generic strategic frameworks, but in a manner which helps to ensure that key industry-specific drivers and forces are brought to the fore. Figuratively speaking, the PEG strategic framework is situated at the center of the global aviation industry, rather than having to be retrofitted or modified to more closely align with the sector.

Over the past decade or so and through the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of airlines have risen to global prominence in Asia (especially China), the Middle East, Latin America, Africa, and elsewhere. As each develops, many industry observers are questioning the extent to which these airlines will rival current industry heavyweights around the world. This paper aims to provide a basis for assessing what constitutes a major global carrier in the airline industry, including the likelihood of being so in the foreseeable future. Three key metrics are employed to gauge the global reach of an airline and its corresponding major global carrier status and rank: wide-bodied fleet size, the number of international destinations flown to, and continents served (squared for adequate amplification). Data are sourced from the Centre for Aviation (CAPA) airline database. The paper concludes that major global carrier status for an airline is best viewed in relation to key competitors including the ranking location of those directly above and below any given airline. This ranking approach is therefore about insights generated and is not premised on precise locations on a leader board.

This paper aims to explore and identify the key geopolitical barriers and opportunities to greater regional integration amongst the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states by examining the case study of the ASEAN single aviation market (ASAM). This paper is based on an ongoing doctoral research project covering the topic. To date, ASEAN has implemented substantial liberalisation of its regional air transport market via an open skies policy, included as part of the ASEAN Community Project. This aims to not just foster connectivity and economic development, but ultimately to contribute to the building of a regional identity. While there has been some evident progress since the launch of the initiative in the region, the open skies agreement promoted as ASAM has not gained as much traction as projected, nor achieved its core stated aim of creating an effective single air transport market; a stated goal it initially planned to achieve by the end of 2015. Most of the literature explaining the divergence between key aspirations and realities in ASAM focuses on the economic regulation of international air transport in the region, and typically discusses these core considerations from the perspectives of law and policy. There are few substantial scholarly works that incorporate geopolitics, aeropolitics and/or diplomacy, all of which are important variables closely linked to the field of international relations. The geopolitical perspective on ASAM is still largely understudied, and this paper and the evolving research underpinning it, are intended to contribute to that identified gap.

This chapter describes a qualitative study of the experiences of structured clinical management (SCM) practitioners in UK National Health Service (NHS) services. To date, there have been no published qualitative studies of the experiences of mental health professionals providing SCM to service users with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD). When considering the implementation and future development of an intervention, the qualitative experiences of both practitioners and service users helpfully inform high-quality improvement initiatives. It aims to help inform and shape the implementation of SCM in any type of mental health service. Analysis of the data highlights themes which demonstrates that SCM not only benefits the service user (clinical evidence) but also the practitioner and the wider system.

This chapter outlines the key principles of clinical supervision for structured clinical management (SCM), illustrated by data from experiences of SCM supervisors, supervisees, and team managers from two contributing National Health Service (NHS) trusts in the United Kingdom. SCM is an evidence-based approach that enables generalist mental health practitioners to work effectively with people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). It is important that supervision structures are considered an essential part of the implementation of the SCM approach, and that experienced supervisors with adequate understanding of the model are identified at an early stage. It will describe how supervisory arrangements have been implemented and give an overview of how SCM can be delivered and supervised according to the skill mix and resources of services.

This paper considers the Middle East big three (MEB3) carriers – Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways – from the perspective of heterogeneous strategic decisions and future trajectories. This paper is based on an ongoing doctoral research project covering the topic. The rise of the MEB3 and their growing global impacts have seen the three major carriers very often analysed together, with little scholarly focus on differences and individual airline strategic decision-making. Emirates has typically dominated discussion and analysis, not surprising given its sheer size and global influence, but with Etihad and Qatar simply presented as imitators and followers alongside. Likewise, the ongoing blockade of Qatar by neighbouring countries including the United Arab Emirates (UAE), has tended to be viewed as a regional political dispute and not as something likely to fundamentally change the MEB3’s apparent collective strategic goals and aspirations. The strategic analysis underpinning this paper is predicated on events and trends up to the end of 2019 before the COVID-19 pandemic became a global challenge. Each of the MEB3 is analysed individually and against a set of core strategic forces and factors in order to identify the extent to which there is homogeneity and heterogeneity in their respective strategic and business propositions. These carriers are also compared with each other; this allows for an evaluation of the strategic path of each airline, as opposed to mere profiling. This strategic analysis de-links each individual airline from the typical group analysis which occurs when the MEB3 acronym is employed and it critically challenges a common analytical approach which tends to perceive each carrier as part of a homogenous bloc. Key insights surrounding strategic differences are arguably as salient as when derived from viewing all three carriers as essentially the same or similar.

This paper investigates the still evolving strategic trajectories and context of the three major Gulf carriers Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways. The paper utilizes data from a Delphi study conducted by the author in 2013 and 2014 which looked in part at the likely strategic future prospects of these three carriers. The study findings are considered in the current strategic context of all three carriers five years later in mid-2019. The findings of this analysis reveal that the wild card scenario of a blockage of Qatar by its neighbors was not identified in the study; however, many of the key findings and forecasts around liberalization, protectionism, alliance membership and global industry impacts all retain valuable and salient insights into their strategic contexts. This paper helps to illustrate the inherent challenges that accompany strategic forecasting, particularly for a dynamic industry like global aviation where geopolitics plays a central role. This is particularly true of emerging air markets that are not data rich, static or readily predictable. This paper concludes that the key industry insights gained from a strategic forecasting exercise such as this study outweigh concerns and issues of forecast accuracy. Much can be learned when forecast accuracy is placed into a secondary position behind industry insights gained. This is certainly the case when the three major Gulf carriers are the prime focus.

As a result of digital technologies and the internet becoming increasingly ubiquitous, security technologies and surveillance systems are progressively encroaching upon peoples’ privacy. Yet concerns about this appear to be relatively muted. Why is this the case? Is the public generally indifferent about it or perhaps silently in agreement with its increased presence? As techno-security systems are becoming increasingly complex, multiple, normative, hardly recognisable, often covert and all encompassing, positioning oneself in relation to them can be a difficult process. Hence the techno-securitisation of everyday life has psychological effects which are multiple and largely unconscious. Indeed, we are all somewhat uncertain about the spin-offs of surveillance technologies and practices – in terms of their capabilities, who has access to the data they produce, and the ways that they might affect subjectivity. Rather than being plainly indifferent or silently consenting to increased techno-securitisation, some participants in this study developed an attitude of surveillance-apatheia. They tended to state that ‘as there is no avoiding these systems and not much one can do about them, why consciously worry about them?’ This attitude is not necessarily a lack of interest, but rather a way of managing associated undesirable affects, feelings and emotions.

This paper looks at the key methodological and design insights gained from a five-stage mixed methods Delphi study investigating the global airline industry's likely future strategic trajectory. The exploratory study sequentially unfolded across a workshop, test/pilot survey, main survey 1, main survey 2, and finally in-depth interviews. The study revealed the important roles each stage played in gathering a wide array of salient data and informing subsequent stages and analysis. This research journey demonstrated the versatility available when mixing quantitative and qualitative methods in a Delphi study covering air transport, and how each can reinforce and complement the other. This is particularly relevant when investigating emerging air markets, where existing data are either limited or non-existent. Although a geographically dispersed multidisciplinary cohort of participants contributed to this study, more expert voices from under-researched emerging regions and air markets are evidently required for future research into this still expanding global industry.

This article is based on data from a five-stage mixed-method Delphi study, which was part of a wider industry level analysis of the global airline industry and its likely future trajectory. This wider study assessed key current and likely future industry trends across geographical regions of the world and investigated core global considerations shaping the industry. A key theme to emerge was that of the industry’s role in facilitating and promoting globalization. The industry is often characterized as being in a globalization paradox whereby it facilitates and promotes global interconnectedness, but itself still remains deeply imbedded in an industry structure based on national borders and ownership restrictions. Although international air market liberalization is seemingly increasing, it is unfolding in a patchy and uneven manner. The industry is restricted and regulated like only a few other industries. State power has been an all-pervasive influence on the industry since its very beginning. However, due in large part to geographical location and the bilateral system of air traffic rights, big military and economic powers like the United States have had limited influence or control over the development of international air networks. Thus, international aviation poses a myriad of challenges for international relations studies. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

The spaces that surveillance produces can be thought of as ambiguous, entailing elements that are ethereal yet material, geographical yet trans-geographical. Contemporary surveillance systems form numerous connections that involve multiple times, spaces, and bodies. Owing to their ubiquity, normalization, and yet clandestine characteristics, they seem to produce an almost unnoticed aspect of everyday life. The impacts, then, of contemporary surveillance systems appear to be particularly experienced on the margins of consciousness. Thus we find that an empirical analysis of this realm of experience is possible but requires one to look for such things as disruption, disfluency, and hesitation in the text of speech acts rather than clear representation. Through empirical analysis of narratives concerning everyday experiences of living with contemporary surveillance systems, this paper focuses on their possible affective impacts. In turn, we find it more fitting to think about the so-called “surveillance society” in terms of producing “atmospheres” rather than “cultures or assemblages,” and “affects” rather than “emotions.”

Empirical research concerned with the trust that individuals may or may not have in surveillance systems has largely been gauged through opinion poll and survey type research. Although these may be useful in augmenting broad patterns of trust based attitudes, this article argues that they tend to harbour theoretically weak conceptualisations of trust which may produce misleading results. We draw on relevant concepts related to notions of ‘impersonal trust’ (for example, ‘access points’, ‘facework’ and ‘suspension’) to facilitate a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews which concerned Londoners’ trust related experiences, perceptions and understandings of living in a so called ‘surveillance society’. We form a number of preliminary conclusions which are of interest to sociological research on trust and surveillance studies: contrary to prior research on trust and surveillance, trust related positions may be neither static nor polarised, but processual and situational; the suspension of certainty bridged by impersonal trust is particularly problematic in surveillance systems as they especially lack access points; and impersonal trust related positions are likely to be considerably weak as information about the systems requires specialist information.

Evidence generated within the emotional disclosure paradigm (EDP) suggests that talking or writing about emotional experiences produces health benefits, but recent meta-analyses have questioned its efficacy. Studies within the EDP typically rely upon a unidimensional and relatively unsophisticated notion of emotional inhibition, and tend to use quantitative forms of content analysis to identify associations between percentages of word types and positive or negative health outcomes. In this article, we use a case study to show how a qualitative discourse analysis has the potential to identify more of the complexity linking the disclosure practices and styles that may be associated with emotional inhibition. This may illuminate the apparent lack of evidence for efficacy of the EDP by enabling more comprehensive theorisations of the variations within it.

It has long been recognised that discretion is vital to good police work. However, in Britain (and many other countries), practices of discretion in the stop and search context have come under much scrutiny as it has widely been linked to racist practices, i.e. a disproportionate amount of Black and minority ethnic individuals are stopped and searched compared to White people. In a bid to counteract the discretionary practices that are seen to be linked to racist stops and searches, police officers are required (in stops and searches under section 1 of the PACE code A) to have ‘reasonable grounds for suspicion’. This article evaluates what has been claimed as the tension between the required reasonable grounds for suspicion and the need to draw on generalisations (police discretion) for effective policing.

Theories of affect have become an increasingly popular tool with which to conceptualise and analyse subjectivity. Of particular interest to us in this article are expositions that have sought to bring to the forefront of analysis notions of excess and virtuality on the grounds that they bear fruit in relation to a potential politics of change. Although contemporary notions of virtuality and excess are highly attractive, they also bring us to one of the more unsettling features of affect theory: How is it possible to suitably analyse the realms of virtuality and excess due to their non-representational qualities? To begin to address this problem, we explore process-oriented theories of virtuality in relation to the Marxist process theory of Ernst Bloch, and draw on the recent protest movements against cuts to Higher Education funding as an example of what we term ‘affective hope’, a concept indebted to Bloch's notion of educated hope.

The emotional disclosure paradigm (EDP) associates better health with repeated disclosure of emotional experiences. However, disclosure does not bring health benefits for all, and neither does the EDP adequately specify embodied mechanisms or neural pathways whereby benefits might be produced. This paper addresses these issues by offering more sophisticated notions of emotional inhibition and cognitive reappraisal. It then outlines aspects of the somatic marker hypothesis which supports a more comprehensive conceptualization of the processes that may enable both the positive and negative health effects of disclosure.

Introduction: The Surveillance-Industrial Complex: Towards a Political Economy of Surveillance? by Kirstie Ball and Laureen Snider Part I: International Networks and Global Circuits of Surveillance 1. The New Military Urbanism by Stephen Graham 2. Promoting Global Identification: Corporations, IGOs and ID Card Systems by David Lyon and OEzgun E. Topak 3. Pandemic Governance: Using Event-Based Surveillance to Manage Emerging Infectious Diseases by Adam Warren, Morag Bell and Lucy Budd 4. The SAIC-SIEMENS 'Super-Panopticon' in the Athens 2004 Olympics as a Case of 'McVeillance': The Surveillance Industrial Complex's Unscrupulous Global Business by Minas Samatas 5. Insecurity as an Engineering Problem: The Technosecurity Network by Stephane Leman-Langlois Part II: Surveillance Capacity, Industrial Infrastructures and Resource Distribution 6. Critical Examination of the Role of Private Actors in the Fight Against Money Laundering - the Case of the UK Retail Banking Industry by Ana Isabel Canhoto 7. Collaborative Surveillance: Configuring Contemporary Marketing Practice by Jason Pridmore 8. The 'Great Unwatched' and the 'Lightly Touched': Surveillance and Stock Market Fraud by Laureen Snider and Adam Molnar Part III: Ground Level Circulations 9. The Imagined City: Power, Mystification and Synoptic Surveillance by Roy Coleman 10. From Accountability Policy to Surveillance Practices in Higher Education by Ben Brucato 11. Surveillance and Subjectivity: Everyday Experiences of Surveillance Practices by David Harper, Ian Tucker and Darren Ellis 12. CCTV in Barcelona: The Political Economy of Surveillance in the (Wannabe) Global City by Gemma Galdon Clavell