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1. Identifying magnetic reconnection in 2D Hybrid Vlasov Maxwell simulations with Convolutional Neural Networks

Author

Hu, A., Sisti, M., Finelli, F., Califano, F., Dargent, J., Faganello, M., Camporeale, E., and Teunissen, J.

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process that quickly releases magnetic energy stored in a plasma.Identifying, from simulation outputs, where reconnection is taking place is non-trivial and, in general, has to be performed by human experts. Hence, it would be valuable if such an identification process could be automated. Here, we demonstrate that a machine learning algorithm can help to identify reconnection in 2D simulations of collisionless plasma turbulence. Using a Hybrid Vlasov Maxwell (HVM) model, a data set containing over 2000 potential reconnection events was generated and subsequently labeled by human experts. We test and compare two machine learning approaches with different configurations on this data set. The best results are obtained with a convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with an 'image cropping' step that zooms in on potential reconnection sites. With this method, more than 70% of reconnection events can be identified correctly. The importance of different physical variables is evaluated by studying how they affect the accuracy of predictions. Finally, we also discuss various possible causes for wrong predictions from the proposed model., Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures and 5 tabels

Published
2020
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2. SMILEI: a collaborative, open-source, multi-purpose particle-in-cell code for plasma simulation

Author

Derouillat, J., Beck, A., Pérez, F., Vinci, T., Chiaramello, M., Grassi, A., Flé, M., Bouchard, G., Plotnikov, I., Aunai, N., Dargent, J., Riconda, C., and Grech, M.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

SMILEI is a collaborative, open-source, object-oriented (C++) particle-in-cell code. To benefit from the latest advances in high-performance computing (HPC), SMILEI is co-developed by both physicists and HPC experts. The code's structures, capabilities, parallelization strategy and performances are discussed. Additional modules (e.g. to treat ionization or collisions), benchmarks and physics highlights are also presented. Multi-purpose and evolutive, SMILEI is applied today to a wide range of physics studies, from relativistic laser-plasma interaction to astrophysical plasmas., Comment: submitted to Computer Physics Communications

Published
2017
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4. SOFFCO-MM guidelines for the resumption of bariatric and metabolic surgery during and after the Covid-19 pandemic

Author

Abittan, R., Abou-Mrad, A., Arnalsteen, L., Arnoux, R., Auguste, T., Benchetrit, S., Berthet, B., Bertrand, J.-C., Blanchard, L.-C., Bouillot, J.-L., Caiazzo, R., Catheline, J.-M., Chevallier, J.-M., Dargent, J., Fournier, P., Frering, V., Gugenheim, J., Johanet, H., Lechaux, D., Leyre, P., Liagre, A., Mouiel, J., Nocca, D., Pourcher, G., Reche, F., Robert, M., Sebbag, H., Sodji, M., Tuyeras, G., Zimmermann, J.-M., Kassir, R., Rebibo, L., Genser, L., Sterkers, A., Blanchet, M.-C., Pattou, F., and Msika, S.

Published
2020
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5. Recommandations de la SOFFCO-MM en vue de la reprise de l’activité de chirurgie bariatrique et métabolique pendant et après la pandémie Covid-19

Author

Abittan, R., Abou-Mrad, A., Arnalsteen, L., Arnoux, R., Auguste, T., Benchetrit, S., Berthet, B., Bertrand, J.-C., Blanchard, L.-C., Bouillot, J.-L., Caiazzo, R., Catheline, J.-M., Chevallier, J.-M., Dargent, J., Fournier, P., Frering, V., Gugenheim, J., Johanet, H., Lechaux, D., Leyre, P., Liagre, A., Mouiel, J., Nocca, D., Pourcher, G., Reche, F., Robert, M., Sebbag, H., Sodji, M., Tuyeras, G., Zimmermann, J.-M., Kassir, R., Rebibo, L., Genser, L., Sterkers, A., Blanchet, M.-C., Pattou, F., and Msika, S.

Published
2020
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8. Statistical Observations of Proton‐Band Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves in the Outer Magnetosphere: Full Wavevector Determination.

Author

Toledo‐Redondo, S., Lee, J. H., Vines, S. K., Albert, I. F., André, M., Castilla, A., Dargent, J. P., Fu, H. S., Fuselier, S. A., Genot, V., Graham, D. B., Kitamura, N., Khotyaintsev, Yu. V., Lavraud, B., Montagud‐Camps, V., Navarro, E. A., Norgren, C., Perrone, D., Phan, T. D., and Portí, J.

Subjects
ION acoustic waves, MAGNETOSPHERE, RELATIVISTIC electrons, SOLAR wind, DECOMPOSITION method, CYCLOTRONS
Abstract

Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) waves mediate energy transfer from the solar wind to the magnetosphere, relativistic electron precipitation, or thermalization of the ring current population, to name a few. How these processes take place depends on the wave properties, such as the wavevector and polarization. However, inferring the wavevector from in‐situ measurements is problematic since one needs to disentangle spatial and time variations. Using 8 years of Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission observations in the dayside magnetosphere, we present an algorithm to detect proton‐band EMIC waves in the Earth's dayside magnetosphere, and find that they are present roughly 15% of the time. Their normalized frequency presents a dawn‐dusk asymmetry, with waves in the dawn flank magnetosphere having larger frequency than in the dusk, subsolar, and dawn near subsolar region. It is shown that the observations are unstable to the ion cyclotron instability. We obtain the wave polarization and wavevector by comparing Single Value Decomposition and Ampere methods. We observe that for most waves the perpendicular wavenumber (k⊥) is larger than the inverse of the proton gyroradius (ρi), that is, k⊥ρi > 1, while the parallel wavenumber is smaller than the inverse of the ion gyroradius, that is, k‖ρi < 1. Left‐hand polarized waves are associated with small wave normal angles (θBk < 30°), while linearly polarized waves are associated with large wave normal angles (θBk > 30°). This work constitutes, to our knowledge, the first attempt to statistically infer the full wavevector of proton‐band EMIC waves observed in the outer magnetosphere. Key Points: We conduct a statistical analysis of proton‐band Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) waves in dayside magnetosphere using 8 years of Magnetospheric Multiscale data and measure full wavevectorsThe normalized frequency of EMIC waves presents a dawn‐dusk asymmetryThe perpendicular wavevector is, for most of the waves, larger than the inverse of proton gyroradius and ion inertial lengths [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Perioperative Interventions to Prevent Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Marginal Ulcers After Bariatric Surgery — an International Experts’ Survey

Author

Chiappetta, S., Stier, C., Ghanem, O. M., Dayyeh, B. K. A., Boskoski, Ivo, Prager, G., Lamasters, T., Kermansaravi, M., Aarts, E., Abbas, I., Angrisani, L., Antozzi, L., Asghar, T., Bashir, A., Behrens, E., Bhandari, M., Bhasker, A., Billy, H., Carbajo, M. -A., Chevallier, J. M., Cohen, R., Dargent, J., De Luca, M., de Moura, E., Dillemans, B., Di Lorenzo, N., Hayssam El Fawal, M., Moritz Felsenreich, D., Fishman, S., Gagner, M., Galvao, M., Gawdat, K., Gee, T., Ghavami, B., Haddad, A., Hanssen, A., Herrera, M. F., Higa, K., Himpens, J. M., Kasama, K., Kassir, R., Khan, A., Khidir, N., Khoursheed, M., Khwaja, H., Kow, L., Kroh, M., Singh Kular, K., Lainas, P., Lakdawala, M., Layani, L., Loi, K., Mahawar, K., Mahdy, T., Mala, T., Miller, K., Musella, Martina, Neymark, A., Nimeri, A., Nocca, D., Noel, P., Omarov, T., Palermo, M., Parmar, C., Pazouki, A., Poggi, L., Poghosyan, T., Pompa, L., Ponce, J., Pournaras, D., Prasad, A., Alqahtani, A., Ramos, A., Rezvani, M., Rheinwalt, K., Ribeiro, R., Rotundo, A., Ruiz-Ucar, E., Safadi, B., Sakran, N., Salminen, P., Schroeder, O., Seki, Y., Shabbir, A., Shahabi Shahmiri, S., Shikora, S., Stein, J., Stenberg, E., Taskin, E., Torres, A., Villalonga, R., Weiner, R., Weiner, S., Yang, W., Zehetner, J., Zundel, N., Boskoski I. (ORCID:0000-0001-8194-2670), Musella M., Chiappetta, S., Stier, C., Ghanem, O. M., Dayyeh, B. K. A., Boskoski, Ivo, Prager, G., Lamasters, T., Kermansaravi, M., Aarts, E., Abbas, I., Angrisani, L., Antozzi, L., Asghar, T., Bashir, A., Behrens, E., Bhandari, M., Bhasker, A., Billy, H., Carbajo, M. -A., Chevallier, J. M., Cohen, R., Dargent, J., De Luca, M., de Moura, E., Dillemans, B., Di Lorenzo, N., Hayssam El Fawal, M., Moritz Felsenreich, D., Fishman, S., Gagner, M., Galvao, M., Gawdat, K., Gee, T., Ghavami, B., Haddad, A., Hanssen, A., Herrera, M. F., Higa, K., Himpens, J. M., Kasama, K., Kassir, R., Khan, A., Khidir, N., Khoursheed, M., Khwaja, H., Kow, L., Kroh, M., Singh Kular, K., Lainas, P., Lakdawala, M., Layani, L., Loi, K., Mahawar, K., Mahdy, T., Mala, T., Miller, K., Musella, Martina, Neymark, A., Nimeri, A., Nocca, D., Noel, P., Omarov, T., Palermo, M., Parmar, C., Pazouki, A., Poggi, L., Poghosyan, T., Pompa, L., Ponce, J., Pournaras, D., Prasad, A., Alqahtani, A., Ramos, A., Rezvani, M., Rheinwalt, K., Ribeiro, R., Rotundo, A., Ruiz-Ucar, E., Safadi, B., Sakran, N., Salminen, P., Schroeder, O., Seki, Y., Shabbir, A., Shahabi Shahmiri, S., Shikora, S., Stein, J., Stenberg, E., Taskin, E., Torres, A., Villalonga, R., Weiner, R., Weiner, S., Yang, W., Zehetner, J., Zundel, N., Boskoski I. (ORCID:0000-0001-8194-2670), and Musella M.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to survey international experts in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) to improve and consolidate perioperative interventions to prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and marginal ulcers (MU) after MBS. Background: Very important long-term complications after MBS include GERD, Barrett’s esophagus, and MU. Prevention might be fundamental to reduce the incidence, severe complications, and the increasing number of revisional bariatric surgeries. Methods: An international scientific team designed an online confidential questionnaire with 45 multiple-choice questions. The survey was sent to 110 invited experts and 96 of them (from 41 different countries) participated from 21 July 2022 to 4 September 2022. Results: Most experts (≥ 90%) prescribe postoperative acid suppression agents after MBS. Life-long proton pump inhibitors prophylaxis in smokers with avoidance of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended by most of the experts (66%, 73%) after any type of gastric bypass. Two-thirds of experts (69%) perform Helicobacter pylori eradication prior to MBS. Two-thirds of experts (68%) routinely perform EGD and biopsy before MBS. Follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and timing threshold for revisional and conversional MBS were variable among experts. Conclusion: This expert survey underlines important perioperative interventions that reached a two-thirds consensus among MBS international experts. Variability in follow-up EGD, approach to complication management, and thresholds for revisional and conversional MBS emphasize the need for further researches and consensus guidelines. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Published
2023

14. Trajectoires postopératoires chez les patients bariatriques : analyse exhaustive d’une série consécutive par méthode endoscopique originale sur deux ans

Author

Dargent, J., Angella, S., and Pontette, F.

Abstract

La recherche de techniques peu invasives est un impératif dans le traitement de l’obésité afin d’améliorer l’acceptation des méthodes bariatriques. Nous suggérons une combinaison de procédures, telles que l’association ballon gastrique (BIG) - injection d’acide hyaluronique (AH) à la jonction estomac-oesophage. Une restriction sous-muqueuse était crée par injection circulaire d’un agent résorbable dans une région définie en anatomie endoscopique. 101 patients ont été inclus dans une étude prospective multi-centrique randomisée, avec un IMC moyen de 33,8 (27-43,6), d’avril 2010 à avril 2012 par BIG et/ou injection d’AH, de manière séquentielle et avec un suivi de deux ans. Les patients ont été divisés en groupe 1 (BIG seul), groupe 2 (BIG et AH au retrait à 6 mois), et groupe 3 (AH, puis BIG à 6 mois). La perte d’IMC à 6 mois a été inférieure dans le groupe AH (32 patients) par rapport aux groupes BIG (68 patients): 2,1±0,4 vs 3,4±0,3, p<0,05. L’efficacité du BIG seul comparée au traitement combiné (groupes 2 et 3) n’a été significativement inférieure qu’à 18 mois, mais l’impact de la séquence (AH avant ou après BIG) sur la perte d’IMC n’a pas été significative quoiqu’en faveur de l’AH en premier. 11 patients (11,2 %) ont présenté une trajectoire de perte de poids aberrante et nous avons recherché des régularités et/ou des facteurs explicatifs. Les patients porteurs de troubles psychiatriques ou avec désordres alimentaires sévères avaient été préalablement éliminés de cette étude. Nous n’en rapportons pas non plus postérieurement au début de l’étude. De même, il n’apparaît pas que les « évènements de vie » soient plus importants dans ce groupe. Research into minimally invasive techniques is mandatory for greater acceptance in bariatric surgery, a useful first step being to evaluate the combination of these with current procedures.We suggest that intragastric balloon (IGB) can be performed with hyaluronic acid (HA) injections at the level of the gastro-esophageal junction. A sub-mucosal restriction is created by circular injection of an absorbable material within a defined area based on endoscopic anatomy. We included 101 patients in a prospective multi-center randomized trial, with average body mass index (BMI) 33.8 (range 27-43.6), treated from April 2010 to April 2012 by IGB and/or HA injection, sequentially, and followed for two more years. Patients were divided into group 1 (IGB alone), group 2 (IGB followed by HA at IGB removal, at 6 months), and group 3 (HA, and IGB at 6 months). BMI loss at 6 months was inferior in the HA group (32 patients) compared with the IGB groups (68 patients): 2.1±0.4 vs 3.4±0.3, p<0.05). The efficacy of IGB alone compared with combined treatments (groups 2 and 3) was significantly inferior at 18 months only, but the impact of the treatment sequence (HA before or after IGB) on BMI loss was not statistically significant, although in favor of HA first. 11 patients (11.2%) had an erratic weight-loss trajectory. Patients with a history of psychiatric disorders or severe alimentory troubles having been ruled out, it did not appear that particular events played a specific role.

Published
2024
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20. 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one anastomosis gastric bypass: a propensity score-matched analysis of the GENEVA data

Author

Singhal R., Cardoso V. R., Wiggins T., Super J., Ludwig C., Gkoutos G. V., Mahawar K., Pedziwiatr M., Major P., Zarzycki P., Pantelis A., Lapatsanis D. P., Stravodimos G., Matthys C., Focquet M., Vleeschouwers W., Spaventa A. G., Zerrweck C., Vitiello A., Berardi G., Musella M., Sanchez-Meza A., Cantu F. J., Mora F., Cantu M. A., Katakwar A., Reddy D. N., Elmaleh H., Hassan M., Elghandour A., Elbanna M., Osman A., Khan A., layani L., Kiran N., Velikorechin A., Solovyeva M., Melali H., Shahabi S., Agrawal A., Shrivastava A., Sharma A., Narwaria B., Narwaria M., Raziel A., Sakran N., Susmallian S., Karagoz L., Akbaba M., Piskin S. Z., Balta A. Z., Senol Z., Manno E., Iovino M. G., Qassem M., Arana-Garza S., Povoas H. P., Vilas-Boas M. L., Naumann D., Li A., Ammori B. J., Balamoun H., Salman M., Nasta A. M., Goel R., Sanchez-Aguilar H., Herrera M. F., Abou-mrad A., Cloix L., Mazzini G. S., Kristem L., Lazaro A., Campos J., Bernardo J., Gonzalez J., Trindade C., Viveiros O., Ribeiro R., Goitein D., Hazzan D., Segev L., Beck T., Reyes H., Monterrubio J., Garcia P., Benois M., Kassir R., Contine A., Elshafei M., Aktas S., Weiner S., Heidsieck T., Level L., Pinango S., Ortega P. M., Moncada R., Valenti V., Vlahovic I., Boras Z., Liagre A., Martini F., Juglard G., Motwani M., Saggu S. S., Momani H. A., Lopez L. A. A., Cortez M. A. C., Zavala R. A., D'Haese RN C., Kempeneers I., Himpens J., Lazzati A., Paolino L., Bathaei S., Bedirli A., Yavuz A., Buyukkasap C., Ozaydin S., Kwiatkowski A., Bartosiak K., Waledziak M., Santonicola A., Angrisani L., Iovino P., Palma R., Iossa A., Boru C. E., De Angelis F., Silecchia G., Hussain A., Balchandra S., Coltell I. B., Perez J. L., Bohra A., Awan A. K., Madhok B., Leeder P. C., Awad S., Al-Khyatt W., Shoma A., Elghadban H., Ghareeb S., Mathews B., Kurian M., Larentzakis A., Vrakopoulou G. Z., Albanopoulos K., Bozdag A., Lale A., Kirkil C., Dincer M., Bashir A., Haddad A., Hijleh L. A., Zilberstein B., de Marchi D. D., Souza W. P., Broden C. M., Gislason H., Shah K., Ambrosi A., Pavone G., Tartaglia N., Kona S. L. K., Kalyan K., Perez C. E. G., Botero M. A. F., Covic A., Timofte D., Maxim M., Faraj D., Tseng L., Liem R., Oren G., Dilektasli E., Yalcin I., AlMukhtar H., Hadad M. A., Mohan R., Arora N., Bedi D., Rives-Lange C., Chevallier J. -M., Poghosyan T., Sebbag H., Zinai L., Khaldi S., Mauchien C., Mazza D., Dinescu G., Rea B., Perez-Galaz F., Zavala L., Besa A., Curell A., Balibrea J. M., Vaz C., Galindo L., Silva N., Caballero J. L. E., Sebastian S. O., Marchesini J. C. D., da Fonseca Pereira R. A., Sobottka W. H., Fiolo F. E., Turchi M., Coelho A. C. J., Zacaron A. L., Barbosa A., Quinino R., Menaldi G., Paleari N., Martinez-Duartez P., de Esparza G. M. A. R., Esteban V. S., Torres A., Garcia-Galocha J. L., Josa M., Pacheco-Garcia J. M., Mayo-Ossorio M. A., Chowbey P., Soni V., de Vasconcelos Cunha H. A., Castilho M. V., Ferreira R. M. A., Barreiro T. A., Charalabopoulos A., Sdralis E., Davakis S., Bomans B., Dapri G., Van Belle K., Takieddine M., Vaneukem P., Karaca E. S. A., Karaca F. C., Sumer A., Peksen C., Savas O. A., Chousleb E., Elmokayed F., Fakhereldin I., Aboshanab H. M., Swelium T., Gudal A., Gamloo L., Ugale A., Ugale S., Boeker C., Reetz C., Hakami I. A., Mall J., Alexandrou A., Baili E., Bodnar Z., Maleckas A., Gudaityte R., Guldogan C. E., Gundogdu E., Ozmen M. M., Thakkar D., Dukkipati N., Shah P. S., Shah S. S., Adil M. T., Jambulingam P., Mamidanna R., Whitelaw D., Jain V., Veetil D. K., Wadhawan R., Torres M., Tinoco T., Leclercq W., Romeijn M., van de Pas K., Alkhazraji A. K., Taha S. A., Ustun M., Yigit T., Inam A., Burhanulhaq M., Pazouki A., Eghbali F., Kermansaravi M., Jazi A. H. D., Mahmoudieh M., Mogharehabed N., Tsiotos G., Stamou K., Rodriguez F. J. B., Navarro M. A. R., Torres O. M., Martinez S. L., Tamez E. R. M., Cornejo G. A. M., Flores J. E. G., Mohammed D. A., Elfawal M. H., Shabbir A., Guowei K., So J. B., Kaplan E. T., Kaplan M., Kaplan T., Pham D. T., Rana G., Kappus M., Gadani R., Kahitan M., Pokharel K., Osborne A., Pournaras D., Hewes J., Napolitano E., Chiappetta S., Bottino V., Dorado E., Schoettler A., Gaertner D., Fedtke K., Aguilar-Espinosa F., Aceves-Lozano S., Balani A., Nagliati C., Pennisi D., Rizzi A., Frattini F., Foschi D., Benuzzi L., Parikh C., Shah H., Pinotti E., Montuori M., Borrelli V., Dargent J., Copaescu C. A., Hutopila I., Smeu B., Witteman B., Hazebroek E., Deden L., Heusschen L., Okkema S., Aufenacker T., den Hengst W., Vening W., van der Burgh Y., Ghazal A., Ibrahim H., Niazi M., Alkhaffaf B., Altarawni M., Cesana G. C., Anselmino M., Uccelli M., Olmi S., Stier C., Akmanlar T., Sonnenberg T., Schieferbein U., Marcolini A., Awruch D., Vicentin M., de Souza Bastos E. L., Gregorio S. A., Ahuja A., Mittal T., Bolckmans R., Baratte C., Wisnewsky J. A., Genser L., Chong L., Taylor L., Ward S., Hi M. W., Heneghan H., Fearon N., Plamper A., Rheinwalt K., Geoghegan J., Ng K. C., Kaseja K., Kotowski M., Samarkandy T. A., Leyva-Alvizo A., Corzo-Culebro L., Wang C., Yang W., Dong Z., Riera M., Jain R., Hamed H., Said M., Zarzar K., Garcia M., Turkcapar A. G., Sen O., Baldini E., Conti L., Wietzycoski C., Lopes E., Pintar T., Salobir J., Aydin C., Atici S. D., Ergin A., Ciyiltepe H., Bozkurt M. A., Kizilkaya M. C., Onalan N. B. D., Zuber M. N. B. A., Wong W. J., Garcia A., Vidal L., Beisani M., Pasquier J., Vilallonga R., Sharma S., Parmar C., Lee L., Sufi P., Sinan H., Saydam M., Singhal, R., Cardoso, V. R., Wiggins, T., Super, J., Ludwig, C., Gkoutos, G. V., Mahawar, K., Pedziwiatr, M., Major, P., Zarzycki, P., Pantelis, A., Lapatsanis, D. P., Stravodimos, G., Matthys, C., Focquet, M., Vleeschouwers, W., Spaventa, A. G., Zerrweck, C., Vitiello, A., Berardi, G., Musella, M., Sanchez-Meza, A., Cantu, F. J., Mora, F., Cantu, M. A., Katakwar, A., Reddy, D. N., Elmaleh, H., Hassan, M., Elghandour, A., Elbanna, M., Osman, A., Khan, A., Layani, L., Kiran, N., Velikorechin, A., Solovyeva, M., Melali, H., Shahabi, S., Agrawal, A., Shrivastava, A., Sharma, A., Narwaria, B., Narwaria, M., Raziel, A., Sakran, N., Susmallian, S., Karagoz, L., Akbaba, M., Piskin, S. Z., Balta, A. Z., Senol, Z., Manno, E., Iovino, M. G., Qassem, M., Arana-Garza, S., Povoas, H. P., Vilas-Boas, M. L., Naumann, D., Li, A., Ammori, B. J., Balamoun, H., Salman, M., Nasta, A. M., Goel, R., Sanchez-Aguilar, H., Herrera, M. F., Abou-mrad, A., Cloix, L., Mazzini, G. S., Kristem, L., Lazaro, A., Campos, J., Bernardo, J., Gonzalez, J., Trindade, C., Viveiros, O., Ribeiro, R., Goitein, D., Hazzan, D., Segev, L., Beck, T., Reyes, H., Monterrubio, J., Garcia, P., Benois, M., Kassir, R., Contine, A., Elshafei, M., Aktas, S., Weiner, S., Heidsieck, T., Level, L., Pinango, S., Ortega, P. M., Moncada, R., Valenti, V., Vlahovic, I., Boras, Z., Liagre, A., Martini, F., Juglard, G., Motwani, M., Saggu, S. S., Momani, H. A., Lopez, L. A. A., Cortez, M. A. C., Zavala, R. A., D'Haese RN, C., Kempeneers, I., Himpens, J., Lazzati, A., Paolino, L., Bathaei, S., Bedirli, A., Yavuz, A., Buyukkasap, C., Ozaydin, S., Kwiatkowski, A., Bartosiak, K., Waledziak, M., Santonicola, A., Angrisani, L., Iovino, P., Palma, R., Iossa, A., Boru, C. E., De Angelis, F., Silecchia, G., Hussain, A., Balchandra, S., Coltell, I. B., Perez, J. L., Bohra, A., Awan, A. K., Madhok, B., Leeder, P. C., Awad, S., Al-Khyatt, W., Shoma, A., Elghadban, H., Ghareeb, S., Mathews, B., Kurian, M., Larentzakis, A., Vrakopoulou, G. Z., Albanopoulos, K., Bozdag, A., Lale, A., Kirkil, C., Dincer, M., Bashir, A., Haddad, A., Hijleh, L. A., Zilberstein, B., de Marchi, D. D., Souza, W. P., Broden, C. M., Gislason, H., Shah, K., Ambrosi, A., Pavone, G., Tartaglia, N., Kona, S. L. K., Kalyan, K., Perez, C. E. G., Botero, M. A. F., Covic, A., Timofte, D., Maxim, M., Faraj, D., Tseng, L., Liem, R., Oren, G., Dilektasli, E., Yalcin, I., Almukhtar, H., Hadad, M. A., Mohan, R., Arora, N., Bedi, D., Rives-Lange, C., Chevallier, J. -M., Poghosyan, T., Sebbag, H., Zinai, L., Khaldi, S., Mauchien, C., Mazza, D., Dinescu, G., Rea, B., Perez-Galaz, F., Zavala, L., Besa, A., Curell, A., Balibrea, J. M., Vaz, C., Galindo, L., Silva, N., Caballero, J. L. E., Sebastian, S. O., Marchesini, J. C. D., da Fonseca Pereira, R. A., Sobottka, W. H., Fiolo, F. E., Turchi, M., Coelho, A. C. J., Zacaron, A. L., Barbosa, A., Quinino, R., Menaldi, G., Paleari, N., Martinez-Duartez, P., de Esparza, G. M. A. R., Esteban, V. S., Torres, A., Garcia-Galocha, J. L., Josa, M., Pacheco-Garcia, J. M., Mayo-Ossorio, M. A., Chowbey, P., Soni, V., de Vasconcelos Cunha, H. A., Castilho, M. V., Ferreira, R. M. A., Barreiro, T. A., Charalabopoulos, A., Sdralis, E., Davakis, S., Bomans, B., Dapri, G., Van Belle, K., Takieddine, M., Vaneukem, P., Karaca, E. S. A., Karaca, F. C., Sumer, A., Peksen, C., Savas, O. A., Chousleb, E., Elmokayed, F., Fakhereldin, I., Aboshanab, H. M., Swelium, T., Gudal, A., Gamloo, L., Ugale, A., Ugale, S., Boeker, C., Reetz, C., Hakami, I. A., Mall, J., Alexandrou, A., Baili, E., Bodnar, Z., Maleckas, A., Gudaityte, R., Guldogan, C. E., Gundogdu, E., Ozmen, M. M., Thakkar, D., Dukkipati, N., Shah, P. S., Shah, S. S., Adil, M. T., Jambulingam, P., Mamidanna, R., Whitelaw, D., Jain, V., Veetil, D. K., Wadhawan, R., Torres, M., Tinoco, T., Leclercq, W., Romeijn, M., van de Pas, K., Alkhazraji, A. K., Taha, S. A., Ustun, M., Yigit, T., Inam, A., Burhanulhaq, M., Pazouki, A., Eghbali, F., Kermansaravi, M., Jazi, A. H. D., Mahmoudieh, M., Mogharehabed, N., Tsiotos, G., Stamou, K., Rodriguez, F. J. B., Navarro, M. A. R., Torres, O. M., Martinez, S. L., Tamez, E. R. M., Cornejo, G. A. M., Flores, J. E. G., Mohammed, D. A., Elfawal, M. H., Shabbir, A., Guowei, K., So, J. B., Kaplan, E. T., Kaplan, M., Kaplan, T., Pham, D. T., Rana, G., Kappus, M., Gadani, R., Kahitan, M., Pokharel, K., Osborne, A., Pournaras, D., Hewes, J., Napolitano, E., Chiappetta, S., Bottino, V., Dorado, E., Schoettler, A., Gaertner, D., Fedtke, K., Aguilar-Espinosa, F., Aceves-Lozano, S., Balani, A., Nagliati, C., Pennisi, D., Rizzi, A., Frattini, F., Foschi, D., Benuzzi, L., Parikh, C., Shah, H., Pinotti, E., Montuori, M., Borrelli, V., Dargent, J., Copaescu, C. A., Hutopila, I., Smeu, B., Witteman, B., Hazebroek, E., Deden, L., Heusschen, L., Okkema, S., Aufenacker, T., den Hengst, W., Vening, W., van der Burgh, Y., Ghazal, A., Ibrahim, H., Niazi, M., Alkhaffaf, B., Altarawni, M., Cesana, G. C., Anselmino, M., Uccelli, M., Olmi, S., Stier, C., Akmanlar, T., Sonnenberg, T., Schieferbein, U., Marcolini, A., Awruch, D., Vicentin, M., de Souza Bastos, E. L., Gregorio, S. A., Ahuja, A., Mittal, T., Bolckmans, R., Baratte, C., Wisnewsky, J. A., Genser, L., Chong, L., Taylor, L., Ward, S., Hi, M. W., Heneghan, H., Fearon, N., Plamper, A., Rheinwalt, K., Geoghegan, J., Ng, K. C., Kaseja, K., Kotowski, M., Samarkandy, T. A., Leyva-Alvizo, A., Corzo-Culebro, L., Wang, C., Yang, W., Dong, Z., Riera, M., Jain, R., Hamed, H., Said, M., Zarzar, K., Garcia, M., Turkcapar, A. G., Sen, O., Baldini, E., Conti, L., Wietzycoski, C., Lopes, E., Pintar, T., Salobir, J., Aydin, C., Atici, S. D., Ergin, A., Ciyiltepe, H., Bozkurt, M. A., Kizilkaya, M. C., Onalan, N. B. D., Zuber, M. N. B. A., Wong, W. J., Garcia, A., Vidal, L., Beisani, M., Pasquier, J., Vilallonga, R., Sharma, S., Parmar, C., Lee, L., Sufi, P., Sinan, H., Saydam, M., İstinye Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Sumer, Aziz, Peksen, Caghan, and Savas, Osman Anil

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Gastric Bypass, Medicine (miscellaneous), nutritional and metabolic diseases, COVID-19, Gastrectomy, Humans, Morbidity, Propensity Score, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Obesity, Morbid, Article, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Morbid, Type 2
Abstract

Background There is a paucity of data comparing 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study aimed to compare the 30-day safety of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. Materials and methods This analysis utilised data collected from the GENEVA study which was a multicentre observational cohort study of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in 185 centres across 42 countries between 01/05/2022 and 31/10/2020 during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 30-day complications were categorised according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Patients receiving SG, RYGB, or OAGB were propensity-matched according to baseline characteristics and 30-day complications were compared between groups. Results In total, 6770 patients (SG 3983; OAGB 702; RYGB 2085) were included in this analysis. Prior to matching, RYGB was associated with highest 30-day complication rate (SG 5.8%; OAGB 7.5%; RYGB 8.0% (p = 0.006)). On multivariate regression modelling, Insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with increased 30-day complications. Being a non-smoker was associated with reduced complication rates. When compared to SG as a reference category, RYGB, but not OAGB, was associated with an increased rate of 30-day complications. A total of 702 pairs of SG and OAGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 7.3% (n = 51) as compared to 7.5% (n = 53) in the OAGB group (p = 0.68). Similarly, 2085 pairs of SG and RYGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 6.1% (n = 127) as compared to 7.9% (n = 166) in the RYGB group (p = 0.09). And, 702 pairs of OAGB and RYGB were matched. The complication rate in both groups was the same at 7.5 % (n = 53; p = 0.07). Conclusions This global study found no significant difference in the 30-day morbidity and mortality of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts.

Published
2021

24. 30-Day morbidity and mortality of bariatric metabolic surgery in adolescence during the COVID-19 pandemic – The GENEVA study

Author

Singhal R., Wiggins T., Super J., Alqahtani A., Nadler E. P., Ludwig C., Tahrani A., Mahawar K., Pedziwiatr M., Major P., Zarzycki P., Pantelis A., Lapatsanis D. P., Stravodimos G., Matthys C., Focquet M., Vleeschouwers W., Spaventa A. G., Zerrweck C., Vitiello A., Berardi G., Musella M., Sanchez-Meza A., Cantu F. J., Mora F., Cantu M. A., Katakwar A., Reddy D. N., Elmaleh H., Hassan M., Elghandour A., Elbanna M., Osman A., Khan A., Layani L., Kiran N., Velikorechin A., Solovyeva M., Melali H., Shahabi S., Agrawal A., Shrivastava A., Sharma A., Narwaria B., Narwaria M., Raziel A., Sakran N., Susmallian S., Karagoz L., Akbaba M., Piskin S. Z., Ziya A., Senol Z., Manno E., Iovino M. G., Qassem M., Arana-Garza S., Povoas H. P., Vilas-Boas M. L., Naumann D., Li A., Ammori B. J., Balamoun H., Salman M., Nasta A. M., Goel R., Sanchez-Aguilar H., Herrera M. F., Abou-Mrad A., Cloix L., Mazzini G. S., Kristem L., Lazaro A., Campos J., Bernardo J., Gonzalez J., Trindade C., Viveiros O., Ribeiro R., Goitein D., Hazzan D., Segev L., Beck T., Reyes H., Monterrubio J., Garcia P., Benois M., Kassir R., Contine A., Elshafei M., Aktas S., Weiner S., Heidsieck T., Level L., Pinango S., Ortega P. M., Moncada R., Valenti V., Vlahovic I., Boras Z., Liagre A., Martini F., Juglard G., Motwani M., Saggu S. S., Al Momani H., Lopez L. A. A., Cortez M. A. C., Zavala R. A., D'Haese C., Kempeneers I., Himpens J., Lazzati A., Paolino L., Bathaei S., Bedirli A., Yavuz A., Buyukkasap C., Ozaydin S., Kwiatkowski A., Bartosiak K., Waledziak M., Santonicola A., Angrisani L., Iovino P., Palma R., Iossa A., Boru C. E., De Angelis F., Silecchia G., Hussain A., Balchandra S., Coltell I. B., Perez J. L., Bohra A., Awan A. K., Madhok B., Leeder P. C., Awad S., Al-Khyatt W., Shoma A., Elghadban H., Ghareeb S., Mathews B., Kurian M., Larentzakis A., Vrakopoulou G. Z., Albanopoulos K., Bozdag A., Lale A., Kirkil C., Dincer M., Bashir A., Haddad A., Hijleh L. A., Zilberstein B., de Marchi D. D., Souza W. P., Broden C. M., Gislason H., Shah K., Ambrosi A., Pavone G., Tartaglia N., Kona S. L. K., Kalyan K., Perez C. E. G., Botero M. A. F., Covic A., Timofte D., Maxim M., Faraj D., Tseng L., Liem R., Oren G., Dilektasli E., Yalcin I., AlMukhtar H., Al Hadad M., Mohan R., Arora N., Bedi D., Rives-Lange C., Chevallier J. -M., Poghosyan T., Sebbag H., Zinai L., Khaldi S., Mauchien C., Mazza D., Dinescu G., Rea B., Perez-Galaz F., Zavala L., Besa A., Curell A., Balibrea J. M., Vaz C., Galindo L., Silva N., Caballero J. L. E., Sebastian S. O., Marchesini J. C. D., da Fonseca Pereira R. A., Sobottka W. H., Fiolo F. E., Turchi M., Coelho A. C. J., Zacaron A. L., Barbosa A., Quinino R., Menaldi G., Paleari N., Martinez-Duartez P., Aragon Ramirez de Esparza D. G. M., Esteban V. S., Torres A., Garcia-Galocha J. L., Josa M. I., Pacheco-Garcia J. M., Mayo-Ossorio M. A., Chowbey P., Soni V., de Vasconcelos Cunha H. A., Castilho M. V., Ferreira R. M. A., Barreiro T. A., Charalabopoulos A., Sdralis E., Davakis S., Bomans B., Dapri G., Van Belle K., MazenTakieddine, Vaneukem P., Karaca E. S. A., Karaca F. C., Sumer A., Peksen C., Savas O. A., Chousleb E., Elmokayed F., Fakhereldin I., Aboshanab H. M., Swelium T., Gudal A., Gamloo L., Ugale A., Ugale S., Boeker C., Reetz C., Hakami I. A., Mall J., Alexandrou A., Baili E., Bodnar Z., Maleckas A., Gudaityte R., Guldogan C. E., Gundogdu E., Ozmen M. M., Thakkar D., Dukkipati N., Shah P. S., Shah S. S., Adil M. T., Jambulingam P., Mamidanna R., Whitelaw D., Jain V., Veetil D. K., Wadhawan R., Torres M., Tinoco T., Leclercq W., Romeijn M., van de Pas K., Alkhazraji A. K., Taha S. A., Ustun M., Yigit T., Inam A., Burhanulhaq M., Pazouki A., Eghbali F., Kermansaravi M., Jazi A. H. D., Mahmoudieh M., Mogharehabed N., Tsiotos G., Stamou K., Barrera Rodriguez F. J., Rojas Navarro M. A., Torres O. M. O., Martinez S. L., Tamez E. R. M., Millan Cornejo G. A., Flores J. E. G., Mohammed D. A., Elfawal M. H., Shabbir A., Guowei K., So J. B. Y., Kaplan E. T., Kaplan M., Kaplan T., Pham D. T., Rana G., Kappus M., Gadani R., Kahitan M., Pokharel K., Osborne A., Pournaras D., Hewes J., Napolitano E., Chiappetta S., Bottino V., Dorado E., Schoettler A., Gaertner D., Fedtke K., Aguilar-Espinosa F., Aceves-Lozano S., Balani A., Nagliati C., Pennisi D., Rizzi A., Frattini F., Foschi D., Benuzzi L., Parikh C. H. I. R. A. G., Shah H. A. R. S. H. I. L., Pinotti E., Montuori M., Borrelli V., Dargent J., Copaescu C. A., Hutopila I., Smeu B., Witteman B., Hazebroek E., Deden L., Heusschen L., Okkema S., Aufenacker T., den Hengst W., Vening W., van der Burgh Y., Ghazal A., Ibrahim H., Niazi M., Alkhaffaf B., Altarawni M., Cesana G. C., Anselmino M., Uccelli M., Olmi S., Stier C., Akmanlar T., Sonnenberg T., Schieferbein U., Marcolini A., Awruch D., Vicentin M., de Souza Bastos E. L., Gregorio S. A., Ahuja A., Mittal T., Bolckmans R., Baratte C., Wisnewsky J. A., Genser L., Chong L., Taylor L., Ward S., Hi M. W., Heneghan H., Fearon N., Plamper A., Rheinwalt K., Geoghegan J., Ng K. C., Kaseja K., Kotowski M., Samarkandy T. A., Leyva-Alvizo A., Corzo-Culebro L., Wang C., Yang W., Dong Z., Riera M., Jain R., Hamed H., Said M., Zarzar K., Garcia M., Turkcapar A. G., Sen O., Baldini E., Conti L., Wietzycoski C., Lopes E., Pintar T., Salobir J., Aydin C., Atici S. D., Ergin A., Ciyiltepe H., Bozkurt M. A., Kizilkaya M. C., Onalan N. B. D., Zuber M. N. B. A., Wong W. J., Garcia A., Vidal L., Beisani M., Pasquier J., Vilallonga R., Sharma S., Parmar C., Lee L., Sufi P., Sinan H., Saydam M., Singhal, R., Wiggins, T., Super, J., Alqahtani, A., Nadler, E. P., Ludwig, C., Tahrani, A., Mahawar, K., Pedziwiatr, M., Major, P., Zarzycki, P., Pantelis, A., Lapatsanis, D. P., Stravodimos, G., Matthys, C., Focquet, M., Vleeschouwers, W., Spaventa, A. G., Zerrweck, C., Vitiello, A., Berardi, G., Musella, M., Sanchez-Meza, A., Cantu, F. J., Mora, F., Cantu, M. A., Katakwar, A., Reddy, D. N., Elmaleh, H., Hassan, M., Elghandour, A., Elbanna, M., Osman, A., Khan, A., Layani, L., Kiran, N., Velikorechin, A., Solovyeva, M., Melali, H., Shahabi, S., Agrawal, A., Shrivastava, A., Sharma, A., Narwaria, B., Narwaria, M., Raziel, A., Sakran, N., Susmallian, S., Karagoz, L., Akbaba, M., Piskin, S. Z., Ziya, A., Senol, Z., Manno, E., Iovino, M. G., Qassem, M., Arana-Garza, S., Povoas, H. P., Vilas-Boas, M. L., Naumann, D., Li, A., Ammori, B. J., Balamoun, H., Salman, M., Nasta, A. M., Goel, R., Sanchez-Aguilar, H., Herrera, M. F., Abou-Mrad, A., Cloix, L., Mazzini, G. S., Kristem, L., Lazaro, A., Campos, J., Bernardo, J., Gonzalez, J., Trindade, C., Viveiros, O., Ribeiro, R., Goitein, D., Hazzan, D., Segev, L., Beck, T., Reyes, H., Monterrubio, J., Garcia, P., Benois, M., Kassir, R., Contine, A., Elshafei, M., Aktas, S., Weiner, S., Heidsieck, T., Level, L., Pinango, S., Ortega, P. M., Moncada, R., Valenti, V., Vlahovic, I., Boras, Z., Liagre, A., Martini, F., Juglard, G., Motwani, M., Saggu, S. S., Al Momani, H., Lopez, L. A. A., Cortez, M. A. C., Zavala, R. A., D'Haese, C., Kempeneers, I., Himpens, J., Lazzati, A., Paolino, L., Bathaei, S., Bedirli, A., Yavuz, A., Buyukkasap, C., Ozaydin, S., Kwiatkowski, A., Bartosiak, K., Waledziak, M., Santonicola, A., Angrisani, L., Iovino, P., Palma, R., Iossa, A., Boru, C. E., De Angelis, F., Silecchia, G., Hussain, A., Balchandra, S., Coltell, I. B., Perez, J. L., Bohra, A., Awan, A. K., Madhok, B., Leeder, P. C., Awad, S., Al-Khyatt, W., Shoma, A., Elghadban, H., Ghareeb, S., Mathews, B., Kurian, M., Larentzakis, A., Vrakopoulou, G. Z., Albanopoulos, K., Bozdag, A., Lale, A., Kirkil, C., Dincer, M., Bashir, A., Haddad, A., Hijleh, L. A., Zilberstein, B., de Marchi, D. D., Souza, W. P., Broden, C. M., Gislason, H., Shah, K., Ambrosi, A., Pavone, G., Tartaglia, N., Kona, S. L. K., Kalyan, K., Perez, C. E. G., Botero, M. A. F., Covic, A., Timofte, D., Maxim, M., Faraj, D., Tseng, L., Liem, R., Oren, G., Dilektasli, E., Yalcin, I., Almukhtar, H., Al Hadad, M., Mohan, R., Arora, N., Bedi, D., Rives-Lange, C., Chevallier, J. -M., Poghosyan, T., Sebbag, H., Zinai, L., Khaldi, S., Mauchien, C., Mazza, D., Dinescu, G., Rea, B., Perez-Galaz, F., Zavala, L., Besa, A., Curell, A., Balibrea, J. M., Vaz, C., Galindo, L., Silva, N., Caballero, J. L. E., Sebastian, S. O., Marchesini, J. C. D., da Fonseca Pereira, R. A., Sobottka, W. H., Fiolo, F. E., Turchi, M., Coelho, A. C. J., Zacaron, A. L., Barbosa, A., Quinino, R., Menaldi, G., Paleari, N., Martinez-Duartez, P., Aragon Ramirez de Esparza, D. G. M., Esteban, V. S., Torres, A., Garcia-Galocha, J. L., Josa, M. I., Pacheco-Garcia, J. M., Mayo-Ossorio, M. A., Chowbey, P., Soni, V., de Vasconcelos Cunha, H. A., Castilho, M. V., Ferreira, R. M. A., Barreiro, T. A., Charalabopoulos, A., Sdralis, E., Davakis, S., Bomans, B., Dapri, G., Van Belle, K., Mazentakieddine, Vaneukem, P., Karaca, E. S. A., Karaca, F. C., Sumer, A., Peksen, C., Savas, O. A., Chousleb, E., Elmokayed, F., Fakhereldin, I., Aboshanab, H. M., Swelium, T., Gudal, A., Gamloo, L., Ugale, A., Ugale, S., Boeker, C., Reetz, C., Hakami, I. A., Mall, J., Alexandrou, A., Baili, E., Bodnar, Z., Maleckas, A., Gudaityte, R., Guldogan, C. E., Gundogdu, E., Ozmen, M. M., Thakkar, D., Dukkipati, N., Shah, P. S., Shah, S. S., Adil, M. T., Jambulingam, P., Mamidanna, R., Whitelaw, D., Jain, V., Veetil, D. K., Wadhawan, R., Torres, M., Tinoco, T., Leclercq, W., Romeijn, M., van de Pas, K., Alkhazraji, A. K., Taha, S. A., Ustun, M., Yigit, T., Inam, A., Burhanulhaq, M., Pazouki, A., Eghbali, F., Kermansaravi, M., Jazi, A. H. D., Mahmoudieh, M., Mogharehabed, N., Tsiotos, G., Stamou, K., Barrera Rodriguez, F. J., Rojas Navarro, M. A., Torres, O. M. O., Martinez, S. L., Tamez, E. R. M., Millan Cornejo, G. A., Flores, J. E. G., Mohammed, D. A., Elfawal, M. H., Shabbir, A., Guowei, K., So, J. B. Y., Kaplan, E. T., Kaplan, M., Kaplan, T., Pham, D. T., Rana, G., Kappus, M., Gadani, R., Kahitan, M., Pokharel, K., Osborne, A., Pournaras, D., Hewes, J., Napolitano, E., Chiappetta, S., Bottino, V., Dorado, E., Schoettler, A., Gaertner, D., Fedtke, K., Aguilar-Espinosa, F., Aceves-Lozano, S., Balani, A., Nagliati, C., Pennisi, D., Rizzi, A., Frattini, F., Foschi, D., Benuzzi, L., Parikh, C. H. I. R. A. G., Shah, H. A. R. S. H. I. L., Pinotti, E., Montuori, M., Borrelli, V., Dargent, J., Copaescu, C. A., Hutopila, I., Smeu, B., Witteman, B., Hazebroek, E., Deden, L., Heusschen, L., Okkema, S., Aufenacker, T., den Hengst, W., Vening, W., van der Burgh, Y., Ghazal, A., Ibrahim, H., Niazi, M., Alkhaffaf, B., Altarawni, M., Cesana, G. C., Anselmino, M., Uccelli, M., Olmi, S., Stier, C., Akmanlar, T., Sonnenberg, T., Schieferbein, U., Marcolini, A., Awruch, D., Vicentin, M., de Souza Bastos, E. L., Gregorio, S. A., Ahuja, A., Mittal, T., Bolckmans, R., Baratte, C., Wisnewsky, J. A., Genser, L., Chong, L., Taylor, L., Ward, S., Hi, M. W., Heneghan, H., Fearon, N., Plamper, A., Rheinwalt, K., Geoghegan, J., Ng, K. C., Kaseja, K., Kotowski, M., Samarkandy, T. A., Leyva-Alvizo, A., Corzo-Culebro, L., Wang, C., Yang, W., Dong, Z., Riera, M., Jain, R., Hamed, H., Said, M., Zarzar, K., Garcia, M., Turkcapar, A. G., Sen, O., Baldini, E., Conti, L., Wietzycoski, C., Lopes, E., Pintar, T., Salobir, J., Aydin, C., Atici, S. D., Ergin, A., Ciyiltepe, H., Bozkurt, M. A., Kizilkaya, M. C., Onalan, N. B. D., Zuber, M. N. B. A., Wong, W. J., Garcia, A., Vidal, L., Beisani, M., Pasquier, J., Vilallonga, R., Sharma, S., Parmar, C., Lee, L., Sufi, P., Sinan, H., and Saydam, M.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Adolescent, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), bariatric surgery, Context (language use), Pandemic, Medicine, Humans, Pandemics, COVID-19, pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, Nutrition and Dietetics, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, business.industry, Health Policy, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, Obesity, Obesity, Morbid, Treatment Outcome, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Female, Morbidity, business, Body mass index, Cohort study, Human
Abstract

Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective treatment for adolescents with severe obesity. Objectives: This study examined the safety of MBS in adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This was a global, multicentre and observational cohort study of MBS performed between May 01, 2020, and October 10,2020, in 68 centres from 24 countries. Data collection included in-hospital and 30-day COVID-19 and surgery-specific morbidity/mortality. Results: One hundred and seventy adolescent patients (mean age: 17.75 ± 1.30 years), mostly females (n=122, 71.8%), underwent MBS during the study period. The mean pre-operative weight and body mass index were 122.16 ± 15.92 kg and 43.7± 7.11 kg/m2, respectively. Although majority of patients had pre-operative testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n=146; 85.9%), only 42.4% (n=72) of the patients were asked to self-isolate pre-operatively. Two patients developed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection post-operatively (1.2%). The overall complication rate was 5.3% (n=9). There was no mortality in this cohort. Conclusions: MBS in adolescents with obesity is safe during the COVID-19 pandemic when performed within the context of local precautionary procedures (such as pre-operative testing). The 30-day morbidity rates were similar to those reported pre-pandemic. These data will help facilitate the safe re-introduction of MBS services for this group of patients.

Published
2021

26. Currents and Associated Electron Scattering and Bouncing Near the Diffusion Region at Earth's Magnetopause

Author

Lavraud, B, Zhang, Y. C, Vernisse, Y, Gershman, D. J, Dorelli, J, Cassak, P. A, Dargent, J, Pollock, C, Giles, B, Aunai, N, Chandler, M, Coffey, V, MacDonald, E, Moore, T. E, and Paterson, W

Subjects
Geophysics
Abstract

Based on high-resolution measurements from NASA's Magnetospheric Multlscale mission, we present the dynamics of electrons associated with current systems observed near the diffusion region of magnetic reconnection at Earth's magnetopause. Using pitch angle distributions (PAD) and magnetic curvature analysis, we demonstrate the occurrence of electron scattering in the curved magnetic field of the diffusion region down to energies of 20eV. We show that scattering occurs closer to the current sheet as the electron energy decreases. The scattering of Inflowing electrons, associated with field-aligned electrostatic potentials and Hall currents, produces a new population of scattered electrons with broader PAD which bounce back and forth in the exhaust. Except at the center of the diffusion region the two populations are collocated and appear to behave adiabatically: the inflowing electron PAD focuses inward (toward lower magnetic field), while the bouncing population PAD gradually peaks at 90 degrees away from the center (where it mirrors owing to higher magnetic field and probable field-aligned potentials).

Published
2016
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27. Solar Wind—Magnetosphere Coupling During Radial Interplanetary Magnetic Field Conditions: Simultaneous Multi‐Point Observations

Author

Toledo‐Redondo, S., primary, Hwang, K.‐J., additional, Escoubet, C. P., additional, Lavraud, B., additional, Fornieles, J., additional, Aunai, N., additional, Fear, R. C., additional, Dargent, J., additional, Fu, H. S., additional, Fuselier, S. A., additional, Genestreti, K. J., additional, Khotyaintsev, Yu V., additional, Li, W. Y., additional, Norgren, C., additional, and Phan, T. D., additional

Published
2021
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28. Quantification of Cold-Ion Beams in a Magnetic Reconnection Jet

Author

Li, Yu-Xuan, primary, Li, Wen-Ya, additional, Tang, Bin-Bin, additional, Norgren, C., additional, He, Jian-Sen, additional, Wang, Chi, additional, Zong, Qiu-Gang, additional, Toledo-Redondo, S., additional, André, M., additional, Chappell, C., additional, Dargent, J., additional, Fuselier, S. A., additional, Glocer, A., additional, Graham, D. B., additional, Haaland, S., additional, Kistler, L., additional, Lavraud, B., additional, Moore, T. E., additional, Tenfjord, P., additional, Vines, S. K., additional, and Burch, J., additional

Published
2021
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29. Hidden Atmospheric Particles Sculpt Near-Earth Space Environment

Author

Toledo, Sergio, primary, Andr�, Mats, additional, Aunai, Nicolas, additional, Chappell, Charles, additional, Dargent, J�r�my, additional, Fuselier, Stephen, additional, Glocer, Alex, additional, Graham, Daniel, additional, Haaland, Stein, additional, Hesse, Michal, additional, Kistler, Lynn, additional, Lavraud, Benoit, additional, Li, Wenya, additional, Moore, Thomas, additional, Tenfjord, Paul, additional, and Vines, Sarah, additional

Published
2021
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34. Global 30-day outcomes after bariatric surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic (GENEVA): an international cohort study

Author

Abou-Mrad-Fricquegnon, A, Alasfur, A, Alexandrou, A, Barbosa, A, Bashir, A, Bosco, A, Charalabopoulos, A, Curell, A, Davarpanah Jazi, A, Diego, A, Elghandour, A, Ergin, A, Garcia, A, Ghazal, A, Haddad, A, Ibarzábal, A, Khazraji, A, Lale, A, Lázaro, A, Leyva-Alvizo, A, Liagre, A, Maleckas, A, Osman, A, Pantelis, A, Pazouki, A, Plamper, A, Raziel, A, Rizzi, A, Sanchez, A, Sharma, A, Spaventa, A, Sumer, A, Torres, A, Türkçapar, A, Ugale, A, Velikorechin, A, Vitiello, A, Alkhaffaf, B, Bomans, B, Ammori, BJ, Pares, B, Smeu, B, Zilberstein, B, Boeker, C, Brodén, C, Copaescu, C, Guevara, C, Güldoğan, C, Kirkil, C, Matthys, C, Nagliati, C, Parmar, C, Trindade, C, Vaz, C, Wietzycoski, C, Zerrweck, C, Bedi, D, de Marchi, D, Faraj, D, Foschi, D, Goitein, D, Hazzan, D, Lapatsanis, D, Mazza, D, Mohammed, D, Padilla-Armendariz, D, Pennisi, D, Pham, D, Pournaras, D, Swank, D, Thakkar, D, Baena, E, Baili, E, Bastos, E, Dilektasli, E, Hazebroek, E, Kaplan, E, Lopes, E, Manno, E, Pinotti, E, Sdralis, E, Barrera-Rodriguez, F, Cantu, F, Jr., Frattini, F, Martini, F, Berardi, G, Cesana, G, Dapri, G, Dinescu, G, Juglard, G, Martinez de Aragon, G, Menaldi, G, Ören, G, Pavone, G, Rana, G, Vrakopoulou, G, Aboshanab, H, Al-Momani, H, Balamoun, H, Çiyiltepe, H, de Vasconcelos Cunha, H, Elghadban, H, Gislason, H, Hamed, H, Heneghan, H, Ibrahim, H, Melali, H, Reyes, H, Sebbag, H, Hakami, I, Hutopila, I, Balibrea, J, Bernardo, J, Campos, J, Chevallier, J, Dargent, J, Estrada, J, Gonzalez, J, Hewes, J, Himpens, J, Mall, J, Monterrubio, J, Pasquier, J, Albanopoulos, K, Bartosiak, K, Kaseja, K, Kumar, K, Rheinwalt, K, Shah, K, van de Pas, K., Angrisani, L, Benuzzi, L, Chong, L, Layani, L, Lee, L, Level, L, Taylor, L, Zinai, L, Akbaba, M, Alejandro, M, Altarawni, M, Beisani, M, Bertrand, M, Cantu, M, Dincer, M, Elbanna, M, Elfawal, M, Focquet, M, Forero, M, Hadad, M, Hii, M, Iovino, M, Islam, M, Josa, M, Kaplan, M, Kermansaravi, M, Khaitan, M, Kizilkaya, M, Kotowski, M, Montouri, M, Musella, M, Narwaria, M, Navarro, M, Niazi, M, Özmen, M, Qassem, M, Romeijn, M, Said, M, Salman, M, Solovyeva, M, Takieddine, M, Uccelli, M, Ustun, M, Valeti, M, Walędziak, M, Arora, N, Dukkipati, N, Fearon, N, Kiran, N, Paleari, N, Sakran, N, Silva, N, Tartaglia, N, Savas, O, Şen, O, Viveiros, O, Fabbri, P, García, P, Major, P, Martinez, P, Martinez Duartez, P, Salminen, P, Shah, P, Gadani, R, Gokay, R, Gudaityte, R, Kassir, R, Liem, R, Mohan, R, Palma, R, Quinino, R, Ribeiro, R, Vilallonga, R, Arana-Garza, S, Chiappetta, S, Davakis, S, Ghareeb, S, Gregorio, S, Khaldi, S, Martinez, S, Okkema, S, Olmi, S, Ortiz, S, Pinango, S, Shah, S, Shahabi, S, Taha, S, Ugale, S, Barreiro, T, Beck, T, Poghosyan, T, Samarkandy, T, Yigit, T, Borrelli, V, Bottino, V, Marco, V, Ormando, V, Pol, V, Sierra Esteban, V, Valentí, V, Leclercq, W, Souza, W, Vening, W, Vleeschouwers, W, van der Burgh, Y, Singhal, Rishi, Tahrani, Abd A, Ludwig, Christian, and Mahawar, Kamal

Published
2021
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35. Impacts of Ionospheric Ions on Magnetic Reconnection and Earth's Magnetosphere Dynamics

Author

Toledo‐Redondo, S., primary, André, M., additional, Aunai, N., additional, Chappell, C. R., additional, Dargent, J., additional, Fuselier, S. A., additional, Glocer, A., additional, Graham, D. B., additional, Haaland, S., additional, Hesse, M., additional, Kistler, L. M., additional, Lavraud, B., additional, Li, W., additional, Moore, T. E., additional, Tenfjord, P., additional, and Vines, S. K., additional

Published
2021
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36. 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one anastomosis gastric bypass: a propensity score-matched analysis of the GENEVA data

Author

Singhal, R. Cardoso, V.R. Wiggins, T. Super, J. Ludwig, C. Gkoutos, G.V. Mahawar, K. Pędziwiatr, M. Major, P. Zarzycki, P. Pantelis, A. Lapatsanis, D.P. Stravodimos, G. Matthys, C. Focquet, M. Vleeschouwers, W. Spaventa, A.G. Zerrweck, C. Vitiello, A. Berardi, G. Musella, M. Sanchez-Meza, A. Cantu, F.J., Jr Mora, F. Cantu, M.A. Katakwar, A. Reddy, D.N. Elmaleh, H. Hassan, M. Elghandour, A. Elbanna, M. Osman, A. Khan, A. layani, L. Kiran, N. Velikorechin, A. Solovyeva, M. Melali, H. Shahabi, S. Agrawal, A. Shrivastava, A. Sharma, A. Narwaria, B. Narwaria, M. Raziel, A. Sakran, N. Susmallian, S. Karagöz, L. Akbaba, M. Pişkin, S.Z. Balta, A.Z. Senol, Z. Manno, E. Iovino, M.G. Osman, A. Qassem, M. Arana-Garza, S. Povoas, H.P. Vilas-Boas, M.L. Naumann, D. Li, A. Ammori, B.J. Balamoun, H. Salman, M. Nasta, A.M. Goel, R. Sánchez-Aguilar, H. Herrera, M.F. Abou-mrad, A. Cloix, L. Mazzini, G.S. Kristem, L. Lazaro, A. Campos, J. Bernardo, J. González, J. Trindade, C. Viveiros, O. Ribeiro, R. Goitein, D. Hazzan, D. Segev, L. Beck, T. Reyes, H. Monterrubio, J. García, P. Benois, M. Kassir, R. Contine, A. Elshafei, M. Aktas, S. Weiner, S. Heidsieck, T. Level, L. Pinango, S. Ortega, P.M. Moncada, R. Valenti, V. Vlahović, I. Boras, Z. Liagre, A. Martini, F. Juglard, G. Motwani, M. Saggu, S.S. Momani, H.A. López, L.A.A. Cortez, M.A.C. Zavala, R.A. D’Haese RN, C. Kempeneers, I. Himpens, J. Lazzati, A. Paolino, L. Bathaei, S. Bedirli, A. Yavuz, A. Büyükkasap, Ç. Özaydın, S. Kwiatkowski, A. Bartosiak, K. Walędziak, M. Santonicola, A. Angrisani, L. Iovino, P. Palma, R. Iossa, A. Boru, C.E. De Angelis, F. Silecchia, G. Hussain, A. Balchandra, S. Coltell, I.B. Pérez, J.L. Bohra, A. Awan, A.K. Madhok, B. Leeder, P.C. Awad, S. Al-Khyatt, W. Shoma, A. Elghadban, H. Ghareeb, S. Mathews, B. Kurian, M. Larentzakis, A. Vrakopoulou, G.Z. Albanopoulos, K. Bozdag, A. Lale, A. Kirkil, C. Dincer, M. Bashir, A. Haddad, A. Hijleh, L.A. Zilberstein, B. de Marchi, D.D. Souza, W.P. Brodén, C.M. Gislason, H. Shah, K. Ambrosi, A. Pavone, G. Tartaglia, N. Kona, S.L.K. Kalyan, K. Perez, C.E.G. Botero, M.A.F. Covic, A. Timofte, D. Maxim, M. Faraj, D. Tseng, L. Liem, R. Ören, G. Dilektasli, E. Yalcin, I. AlMukhtar, H. Hadad, M.A. Mohan, R. Arora, N. Bedi, D. Rives-Lange, C. Chevallier, J.-M. Poghosyan, T. Sebbag, H. Zinaï, L. Khaldi, S. Mauchien, C. Mazza, D. Dinescu, G. Rea, B. Pérez-Galaz, F. Zavala, L. Besa, A. Curell, A. Balibrea, J.M. Vaz, C. Galindo, L. Silva, N. Caballero, J.L.E. Sebastian, S.O. Marchesini, J.C.D. da Fonseca Pereira, R.A. Sobottka, W.H. Fiolo, F.E. Turchi, M. Coelho, A.C.J. Zacaron, A.L. Barbosa, A. Quinino, R. Menaldi, G. Paleari, N. Martinez-Duartez, P. de Esparza, G.M.A.R. Esteban, V.S. Torres, A. Garcia-Galocha, J.L. Josa, M. Pacheco-Garcia, J.M. Mayo-Ossorio, M.A. Chowbey, P. Soni, V. de Vasconcelos Cunha, H.A. Castilho, M.V. Ferreira, R.M.A. Barreiro, T.A. Charalabopoulos, A. Sdralis, E. Davakis, S. Bomans, B. Dapri, G. Van Belle, K. Takieddine, M. Vaneukem, P. Karaca, E.S.A. Karaca, F.C. Sumer, A. Peksen, C. Savas, O.A. Chousleb, E. Elmokayed, F. Fakhereldin, I. Aboshanab, H.M. Swelium, T. Gudal, A. Gamloo, L. Ugale, A. Ugale, S. Boeker, C. Reetz, C. Hakami, I.A. Mall, J. Alexandrou, A. Baili, E. Bodnar, Z. Maleckas, A. Gudaityte, R. Guldogan, C.E. Gundogdu, E. Ozmen, M.M. Thakkar, D. Dukkipati, N. Shah, P.S. Shah, S.S. Shah, S.S. Adil, M.T. Jambulingam, P. Mamidanna, R. Whitelaw, D. Adil, M.T. Jain, V. Veetil, D.K. Wadhawan, R. Torres, A. Torres, M. Tinoco, T. Leclercq, W. Romeijn, M. van de Pas, K. Alkhazraji, A.K. Taha, S.A. Ustun, M. Yigit, T. Inam, A. Burhanulhaq, M. Pazouki, A. Eghbali, F. Kermansaravi, M. Jazi, A.H.D. Mahmoudieh, M. Mogharehabed, N. Tsiotos, G. Stamou, K. Rodriguez, F.J.B. Navarro, M.A.R. Torres, O.M. Martinez, S.L. Tamez, E.R.M. Cornejo, G.A.M. Flores, J.E.G. Mohammed, D.A. Elfawal, M.H. Shabbir, A. Guowei, K. So, J.B. Kaplan, E.T. Kaplan, M. Kaplan, T. Pham, D.T. Rana, G. Kappus, M. Gadani, R. Kahitan, M. Pokharel, K. Osborne, A. Pournaras, D. Hewes, J. Napolitano, E. Chiappetta, S. Bottino, V. Dorado, E. Schoettler, A. Gaertner, D. Fedtke, K. Aguilar-Espinosa, F. Aceves-Lozano, S. Balani, A. Nagliati, C. Pennisi, D. Rizzi, A. Frattini, F. Foschi, D. Benuzzi, L. Parikh, C. Shah, H. Pinotti, E. Montuori, M. Borrelli, V. Dargent, J. Copaescu, C.A. Hutopila, I. Smeu, B. Witteman, B. Hazebroek, E. Deden, L. Heusschen, L. Okkema, S. Aufenacker, T. den Hengst, W. Vening, W. van der Burgh, Y. Ghazal, A. Ibrahim, H. Niazi, M. Alkhaffaf, B. Altarawni, M. Cesana, G.C. Anselmino, M. Uccelli, M. Olmi, S. Stier, C. Akmanlar, T. Sonnenberg, T. Schieferbein, U. Marcolini, A. Awruch, D. Vicentin, M. de Souza Bastos, E.L. Gregorio, S.A. Ahuja, A. Mittal, T. Bolckmans, R. Wiggins, T. Baratte, C. Wisnewsky, J.A. Genser, L. Chong, L. Taylor, L. Ward, S. Hi, M.W. Heneghan, H. Fearon, N. Plamper, A. Rheinwalt, K. Heneghan, H. Geoghegan, J. Ng, K.C. Fearon, N. Kaseja, K. Kotowski, M. Samarkandy, T.A. Leyva-Alvizo, A. Corzo-Culebro, L. Wang, C. Yang, W. Dong, Z. Riera, M. Jain, R. Hamed, H. Said, M. Zarzar, K. Garcia, M. Türkçapar, A.G. Şen, O. Baldini, E. Conti, L. Wietzycoski, C. Lopes, E. Pintar, T. Salobir, J. Aydin, C. Atici, S.D. Ergin, A. Ciyiltepe, H. Bozkurt, M.A. Kizilkaya, M.C. Onalan, N.B.D. Zuber, M.N.B.A. Wong, W.J. Garcia, A. Vidal, L. Beisani, M. Pasquier, J. Vilallonga, R. Sharma, S. Parmar, C. Lee, L. Sufi, P. Sinan, H. Saydam, M. GENEVA Collaborators

Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases
Abstract

Background: There is a paucity of data comparing 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study aimed to compare the 30-day safety of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. Materials and methods: This analysis utilised data collected from the GENEVA study which was a multicentre observational cohort study of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in 185 centres across 42 countries between 01/05/2022 and 31/10/2020 during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 30-day complications were categorised according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Patients receiving SG, RYGB, or OAGB were propensity-matched according to baseline characteristics and 30-day complications were compared between groups. Results: In total, 6770 patients (SG 3983; OAGB 702; RYGB 2085) were included in this analysis. Prior to matching, RYGB was associated with highest 30-day complication rate (SG 5.8%; OAGB 7.5%; RYGB 8.0% (p = 0.006)). On multivariate regression modelling, Insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with increased 30-day complications. Being a non-smoker was associated with reduced complication rates. When compared to SG as a reference category, RYGB, but not OAGB, was associated with an increased rate of 30-day complications. A total of 702 pairs of SG and OAGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 7.3% (n = 51) as compared to 7.5% (n = 53) in the OAGB group (p = 0.68). Similarly, 2085 pairs of SG and RYGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 6.1% (n = 127) as compared to 7.9% (n = 166) in the RYGB group (p = 0.09). And, 702 pairs of OAGB and RYGB were matched. The complication rate in both groups was the same at 7.5 % (n = 53; p = 0.07). Conclusions: This global study found no significant difference in the 30-day morbidity and mortality of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. © 2021, The Author(s).

Published
2021

37. Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Coupling During Radial Interplanetary Magnetic Field Conditions : Simultaneous Multi-Point Observations

Author

Toledo-Redondo, S., Hwang, K. J., Escoubet, C. P., Lavraud, B., Fornieles, J., Aunai, N., Fear, R. C., Dargent, J., Fu, H. S., Fuselier, S. A., Genestreti, K. J., Khotyaintsev, Yuri V., Li, W. Y., Norgren, C., Phan, T. D., Toledo-Redondo, S., Hwang, K. J., Escoubet, C. P., Lavraud, B., Fornieles, J., Aunai, N., Fear, R. C., Dargent, J., Fu, H. S., Fuselier, S. A., Genestreti, K. J., Khotyaintsev, Yuri V., Li, W. Y., Norgren, C., and Phan, T. D.

Abstract

In-situ spacecraft missions are powerful assets to study processes that occur in space plasmas. One of their main limitations, however, is extrapolating such local measurements to the global scales of the system. To overcome this problem at least partially, multi-point measurements can be used. There are several multi-spacecraft missions currently operating in the Earth's magnetosphere, and the simultaneous use of the data collected by them provides new insights into the large-scale properties and evolution of magnetospheric plasma processes. In this work, we focus on studying the Earth's magnetopause (MP) using a conjunction between the Magnetospheric Multiscale and Cluster fleets, when both missions skimmed the MP for several hours at distant locations during radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions. The observed MP positions as a function of the evolving solar wind conditions are compared to model predictions of the MP. We observe an inflation of the magnetosphere (similar to 0.7 R-E), consistent with magnetosheath pressure decrease during radial IMF conditions, which is less pronounced on the flank (<0.2 R-E). There is observational evidence of magnetic reconnection in the subsolar region for the whole encounter, and in the dusk flank for the last portion of the encounter, suggesting that reconnection was extending more than 15 R-E. However, reconnection jets were not always observed, suggesting that reconnection was patchy, intermittent or both. Shear flows reduce the reconnection rate up to similar to 30% in the dusk flank according to predictions, and the plasma beta enhancement in the magnetosheath during radial IMF favors reconnection suppression by the diamagnetic drift.

Published
2021
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38. Quantification of Cold-Ion Beams in a Magnetic Reconnection Jet

Author

Li, Yu-Xuan, Li, Wen-Ya, Tang, Bin-Bin, Norgren, C., He, Jian-Sen, Wang, Chi, Zong, Qiu-Gang, Toledo-Redondo, S., André, Mats, Chappell, C., Dargent, J., Fuselier, S. A., Glocer, A., Graham, Daniel B., Haaland, S., Kistler, L., Lavraud, B., Moore, T. E., Tenfjord, P., Vines, S. K., Burch, J., Li, Yu-Xuan, Li, Wen-Ya, Tang, Bin-Bin, Norgren, C., He, Jian-Sen, Wang, Chi, Zong, Qiu-Gang, Toledo-Redondo, S., André, Mats, Chappell, C., Dargent, J., Fuselier, S. A., Glocer, A., Graham, Daniel B., Haaland, S., Kistler, L., Lavraud, B., Moore, T. E., Tenfjord, P., Vines, S. K., and Burch, J.

Abstract

Cold (few eV) ions of ionospheric origin are widely observed in the lobe region of Earth's magnetotail and can enter the ion jet region after magnetic reconnection is triggered in the magnetotail. Here, we investigate a magnetotail crossing with cold ions in one tailward and two earthward ion jets observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) constellation of spacecraft. Cold ions co-existing with hot plasma-sheet ions form types of ion velocity distribution functions (VDFs) in the three jets. In one earthward jet, MMS observe cold-ion beams with large velocities parallel to the magnetic fields, and we perform quantitative analysis on the ion VDFs in this jet. The cold ions, together with the hot ions, are reconnection outflow ions and are a minor population in terms of number density inside this jet. The average bulk speed of the cold-ion beams is approximately 38% larger than that of the hot plasma-sheet ions. The cold-ion beams inside the explored jet are about one order of magnitude colder than the hot plasma-sheet ions. These cold-ion beams could be accelerated by the Hall electric field in the cold ion diffusion region and the shrinking magnetic field lines through the Fermi effect.

Published
2021
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39. Impacts of Ionospheric Ions on Magnetic Reconnection and Earth's Magnetosphere Dynamics

Author

Toledo-Redondo, S., André, Mats, Aunai, N., Chappell, C. R., Dargent, J., Fuselier, S. A., Glocer, A., Graham, Daniel B., Haaland, S., Hesse, M., Kistler, L. M., Lavraud, B., Li, W., Moore, T. E., Tenfjord, P., Vines, S. K., Toledo-Redondo, S., André, Mats, Aunai, N., Chappell, C. R., Dargent, J., Fuselier, S. A., Glocer, A., Graham, Daniel B., Haaland, S., Hesse, M., Kistler, L. M., Lavraud, B., Li, W., Moore, T. E., Tenfjord, P., and Vines, S. K.

Abstract

Ionospheric ions (mainly H+, He+, and O+) escape from the ionosphere and populate the Earth's magnetosphere. Their thermal energies are usually low when they first escape the ionosphere, typically a few electron volt to tens of electron volt, but they are energized in their journey through the magnetosphere. The ionospheric population is variable, and it makes significant contributions to the magnetospheric mass density in key regions where magnetic reconnection is at work. Solar wind—magnetosphere coupling occurs primarily via magnetic reconnection, a key plasma process that enables transfer of mass and energy into the near-Earth space environment. Reconnection leads to the triggering of magnetospheric storms, auroras, energetic particle precipitation and a host of other magnetospheric phenomena. Several works in the last decades have attempted to statistically quantify the amount of ionospheric plasma supplied to the magnetosphere, including the two key regions where magnetic reconnection occurs: the dayside magnetopause and the magnetotail. Recent in situ observations by the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft and associated modeling have advanced our current understanding of how ionospheric ions alter the magnetic reconnection process, including its onset and efficiency. This article compiles the current understanding of the ionospheric plasma supply to the magnetosphere. It reviews both the quantification of these sources and their effects on the process of magnetic reconnection. It also provides a global description of how the ionospheric ion contribution modifies the way the solar wind couples to the Earth's magnetosphere and how these ions modify the global dynamics of the near-Earth space environment. Plain Language Summary Above the neutral atmosphere, space is filled with charged particles, which are tied to the Earth's magnetic field. The particles come from two sources, the solar wind and the Earth's upper atmosphere. Most of the solar wind particles a

Published
2021
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50. Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the hermean magnetopause: impact of the magnetic field and density gradients

Author

Dargent J., Lavorenti F., Califano F., Henri P., Pucci F., and Cerri S.S.

Subjects
Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, Physics::Space Physics, magnetopause, density gradients
Abstract

The main goal of this project was to study the dawn-dusk asymmetry of the Kelvin- Helmholtz instability along the magnetopause of Mercury while taking into account the gradients of density and magnetic field present along the magnetopause. However, an unexpected results broadened our study: when the gradients are strong enough, kinetic instabilities are able to grow structures at large scales, which interplay with the Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices. We therefore mainly studied how the kinetic and fluid scale instabilities interplay along a magnetopauselike layer. In particular, we showed with our simulation that for a strong enough gradient of density, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability can be suppressed by the kinetic instabilities.

Published
2020

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