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The paper is describing the development in international air traffic made by Danes and for all travellers out of Denmark in the period 2002 - 2012. Development in passengers, destination countries and prices is illustrated. The person kilometres by Danes have increased 80% or 7.2% per year in mean during the 10 years. This increase has been analysed by a panel data model. The conclusion found by modelling is the increasing travel activity first of all is driven by increasing income and to less extent by decreasing prices. The paper is furthermore showing how the international air traffic has got more effective and to what extent Low Cost Carriers have taken over an important part of the travel market., Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2013): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University

This paper evaluates household transport consumption inequalities in France and the UK, investigates their temporal dynamics and estimates the redistributive effects of taxes on various commodity categories. A decomposition by expenditure component of the Gini index is applied, using household-level data from repeated cross-sections of expenditure surveys spanning long time periods. The results highlight the effect of car social diffusion. The relative contribution of vehicle use items to total expenditure inequality decreases over time, thus reflecting the more and more widespread use of the car. Moreover, fuel taxes become regressive (i.e. they affect the poor more than the rich), while the progressive character of taxes on the remaining car use commodities weakens with time. Therefore equity issues should not be ignored when designing policies to attenuate the environmental impact of cars. Increasing car use costs, notably fuel prices, through an increase of uniform taxes would be particularly inequitable.

In this paper, we derive a structural model for commuting speed. We presumethat commuting speed is chosen to minimise commuting costs, which encompass bothmonetary and time costs. At faster speed levels, the monetary costs increase, but the timecosts fall. Using data from Great Britain, we demonstrate that the income elasticity ofcommuting speed is 0.126. The ratio of variabIe monetary costs to travel time costs is0.14.

This paper investigates the dynamics of car availability in EU countries. Of particular interest is the relative contribution of state dependence, heterogeneity and serial correlation. A dynamic probit model with unobservable heterogeneity is estimated using eight (1994–2001) waves of European Community Household Panel surveys. Car availability is expressed as a function of income and a number of social-demographic factors. The dynamic probit model is estimated using simulated maximum likelihood (MSL) estimation, to overcome the computational difficulties inherent in maximum likelihood estimation of models with nontrivial error structures. The results indicate that car availability is characterized by significant state dependence, unobserved heterogeneity and negative serial correlation in the error component.

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