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Structural and dielectric properties of polycrystalline YMnO3 (x = 0.0, 0.10 and 0.20) which was prepared by solid-state reaction route, have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that all the samples are in single phase and show hexagonal structure with P63cm space group. The particle size decreases with increase in Sm doping while to that X-ray density increases with increasing x. The dielectric constant (ε') of Y1-xSmxMnO3 measured in the frequency range 10 Hz to 1MHz is much higher at lower frequencies (⩽ 1KHz) and its value decreases with enhanced frequency. At very high frequencies, ε' becomes frequency independent and is attributed to Maxwell Wagner type of interfacial polarization model. A very high value of dielectric constant ∼ 18642 is observed for x = 10%. The dielectric loss (tan δ) decreases wit increase in Sm doping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]