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BackgroundLess research has linked the Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index (SII) with post-stroke depression (PSD). This study aims to look at any potential connections between SII and PSD.MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted in a population that embodied complete SII and stroke data from 2005 to 2020, was used to perform the current cross-sectional survey. A fitted smoothed curve was used to depict the nonlinear link between SII and PSD, and multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between SII and PSD.ResultsMultiple linear regression analysis showed that SII and PSD were markedly related [1.11(1.05, 1.17)]. Interaction tests showed that the association between SII and PSD was not statistically different between strata, and age, sex, BMI, income poverty ratio, education level, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and heart failure did not have a significant effect on this positive association (p > 0.05 for interaction). In addition, a nonlinear association between SII and PSD was found using a two-stage linear regression model.ConclusionThe results of our research support the existence of a significant positive correlation between SII levels and PSD. Further prospective trials are required to comprehend SII, which is for the PSD thoroughly.

Abstract Background There was inconsistency in optimal endometrial preparation protocol for frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in patients with endometriosis. We conducted this study to investigate the effect of different endometrial preparation protocols on the pregnancy outcomes in patients with endometriosis undergoing FET cycles, and determine the optimal number of GnRHa injections in GnRHa-HRT protocols. Method(s) This was a retrospective cohort analysis of women with endometriosis who underwent FET cycles at a single university-based center. This study retrospectively analyzed 2048 FET cycles in our center from 2011 to 2020. According to the endometrial preparation protocols, patients were divided into 4 groups: gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist-hormone replacement therapy(GnRHa-HRT), hormone replacement therapy(HRT), ovulation induction(OI), and natural cycle(NC). In the GnRHa-HRT group, patients were further divided into 3 groups: one injection of GnRHa, two injections of GnRHa, and three or more injections of GnRHa. The primary outcome was the clinical pregnancy rate. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for potential non-similarities among the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to figure out the risk factors for pregnancy outcomes. Result(s) There were no statistical differences in pregnancy outcomes among the four endometrial preparation protocols in FET cycles with endometriosis patients, the results retained after propensity score matching(PSM). And in endometriosis patients complicated with adenomyosis, the results remained similar. In patients with GnRHa-HRT protocol, there were no differences in clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate with different numbers of GnRHa injections, the early miscarriage rate were 18% in the two injections of GnRHa group and 6.5% in the one injection of GnRHa group(P = 0.017). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that two injections of GnRHa before FET was associated with increased early miscarriage rate compared with one injection of GnRHa[adjusted OR (95% CI): 3.116(1.079–8.998),p = 0.036]. Conclusion(s) The four kinds of endometrial preparation protocols for FET, GnRHa-HRT, HRT, OI and NC had similar pregnancy outcomes in patients with endometriosis. In endometriosis patients complicated with adenomyosis, the results remained similar. In patients with endometriosis undergoing GnRHa-HRT protocol for FET, more injections of GnRHa had no more advantages in pregnancy outcomes, on the contrary, it might increase the early miscarriage rate.

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to explore differences between psychological resilience and problem-solving ability in grade one junior middle school adolescents with and without suicidal ideation, focusing on the relationship between these factors and suicidal ideation. Methods Ninety-nine adolescents (aged 10 to 14) were divided into Suicidal Ideation (SI, n = 49) and Non-Suicidal Ideation (NSI, n = 50) grouped by the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS). The Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS) and Tower of Hanoi task (TOH) were applied to assess psychological resilience and problem-solving ability, respectively. Results The SI group scored significantly lower than the NSI group on PRS (p

Abstract Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food for more than one-third of the world’s population. Tiller number is an important agronomic trait in wheat, but only few related genes have been cloned. Here, we isolate a wheat mutant, tiller number1 (tn1), with much fewer tillers. We clone the TN1 gene via map-based cloning: TN1 encodes an ankyrin repeat protein with a transmembrane domain (ANK-TM). We show that a single amino acid substitution in the third conserved ankyrin repeat domain causes the decreased tiller number of tn1 mutant plants. Resequencing and haplotype analysis indicate that TN1 is conserved in wheat landraces and modern cultivars. Further, we reveal that the expression level of the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic gene TaNCED3 and ABA content are significantly increased in the shoot base and tiller bud of the tn1 mutants; TN1 but not tn1 could inhibit the binding of TaPYL to TaPP2C via direct interaction with TaPYL. Taken together, we clone a key wheat tiller number regulatory gene TN1, which promotes tiller bud outgrowth probably through inhibiting ABA biosynthesis and signaling.

Evodia rutaecarpa (Evodia) is a Chinese herbal medicine with analgesic and anti-neurodegenerative properties. However, whether Evodia compounds can be applied for the comorbid pain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, 137 common targets of Evodia between AD and pain were predicted from drug and disease target databases. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, protein function module construction, and bioinformatics analyses were used to analyze the potential relationship among targets, pathways, and diseases. Evodia could simultaneously treat AD comorbid pain through multi-target, multi-component, and multi-pathway mechanisms, and inflammation was an important common phenotype of AD and pain. The relationship between important transcription factors such as RELA, NF-κB1, SP1, STAT3, and JUN on IL-17, TNF, and MAPK signaling pathways might be potential mechanisms of Evodia. Additionally, 10 candidate compounds were predicted, and evodiamine might be the effective active ingredient of Evodia in treating AD or pain. In summary, this study provided a reference for subsequent research and a novel understanding and direction for the clinical use of evodiamine to treat AD patients with comorbid pain.

Excitatory projection neurons and inhibitory interneurons primarily accomplish the neural activity of the cerebral cortex, and an imbalance of excitatory-inhibitory neural networks may lead to neuropsychiatric diseases. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons mediate inhibition, and the embryonic medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) is a source of GABAergic interneurons. After transplantation, MGE cells migrate to different brain regions, differentiate into multiple subtypes of GABAergic interneurons, integrate into host neural circuits, enhance synaptic inhibition, and have tremendous application value in diseases associated with interneuron disorders. In the current review, we describe the fate of MGE cells derived into specific interneurons and the related diseases caused by interneuron loss or dysfunction and explore the potential of MGE cell transplantation as a cell-based therapy for a variety of interneuron disorder-related diseases, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease.

The acidizing corrosion inhibitors reported so far have a poor effect on duplex stainless steel in high-temperature and high-concentration acid systems and cannot effectively inhibit the occurrence of selective corrosion. In this paper, a new acidizing corrosion inhibitor was designed, which was mainly composed of Mannich base and antimony salt. The inorganic substance in the corrosion inhibitor had good stability at high temperatures and could quickly form a complex with the metal matrix to enhance the binding ability. The organic substance can make up for the non-dense part of the inorganic film. The properties of developed corrosion inhibitors were analyzed by quantum chemical calculation, molecular dynamics simulation, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that a double-layer membrane structure could be constructed after adding the corrosion inhibitor, which could play a good role in blocking the diffusion of acid solution at high-temperature. The uniform corrosion rate of 2205 duplex stainless steel after adding acidizing corrosion inhibitor immersion in a simulated service condition (9 wt.% HCl + 1.5 wt.% HF + 3 wt.% CH3COOH + 4~6 wt.%) at 140 °C, 160 °C and 180 °C for a 4 h test is 6.9350 g·m−2·h−1, 6.3899 g·m−2·h−1 and 12.1881 g·m−2·h−1, respectively, which shows excellent corrosion inhibition effect and is far lower than that of the commonly accepted 81 g·m−2·h−1 and no selective corrosion could be detected.

Lemon is an important economic crop in the world and can bloom several times each year. The Dehong prefecture of Yunnan province is one of the main lemon-producing areas in China, and is a suitable area for planting high-quality lemons in China. However, the hot and rainy summers in Yunnan are not conducive to flower bud differentiation, which leads to low lemon yield. Therefore, normal flower bud differentiation is important to guarantee lemon production and quality. In this study, we selected some lemon trees for a pot experiment, and we sprayed the lemon leaves with gibberellin and paclobutrazol to regulate lemon flower formation. We set four separate concentration gradients for each regulator: 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/L. The PBZ concentration gradients were 200, 400, 600, and 1200 mg/L. After the experiment, we determined and analyzed the morphological index and fruit quality of the lemon trees. The results showed that under the same cultivation and management conditions, spraying paclobutrazol substantially inhibited the growth of lemon shoots, increased the fruit setting rate, and improved the fruit yield. However, gibberellin considerably reduced the number of lemon flowering branches and promoted the vegetative growth of the lemons. When the concentration of paclobutrazol was 600 mg/L, the amount of lemon fruits reached the maximum, which remarkably increased the titratable acid and soluble solids contents of the fruit and ultimately increased the fruit quality compared with the control. Altogether, selecting the appropriate concentration of regulators to control the flowering and fruit setting of fruit trees is important and has value in guiding actual production.

Stem cells have the potential as a regenerative therapy for cerebral ischemia by improving functional outcomes. However, cell transplantation has some limitations, including a low rate of the grafted cell survival. There is still a major challenge of promoting the harmonious symbiosis between grafted cells and the host. Acupuncture can effectively improve the functional outcome after cerebral ischemia. The present study evaluated the therapeutic effects and explored the mechanism of combined medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) neural progenitors differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with electroacupuncture (EA) in a bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO) rat model. The results showed that EA could promote the survival of the grafted MGE neural progenitors differentiated from hESCs and alleviate learning and memory impairment in rats with cerebral ischemia. This may have partially resulted from inhibited expression of TNF-α and IL-1β and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and blood vessel density in the hippocampus. Our findings indicated that EA could promote the survival of the grafted MGE neural progenitors and enhance transplantation therapy’s efficacy by promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting inflammation.

The discovery of functional genes underlying agronomic traits is of great importance for wheat improvement. Here we designed a new wheat exome capture probe panel based on IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 genome sequence information and developed an effective algorithm, varBScore, that can sufficiently reduce the background noise in gene mapping and identification. An effective method, termed bulked segregant exome capture sequencing (BSE-Seq) for identifying causal mutations or candidate genes was established by combining the use of a newly designed wheat exome capture panel, sequencing of bulked segregant pools from segregating populations, and the robust algorithm varBScore. We evaluated the effectiveness of varBScore on SNP calling using the published dataset for mapping and cloning the yellow rust resistance gene Yr7 in wheat. Furthermore, using BSE-Seq, we rapidly identified a wheat yellow leaf mutant gene, ygl1, in an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant population and found that a single mutation of G to A at 921 position in the wild type YGL1 gene encoding magnesium-chelatase subunit chlI caused the leaf yellowing phenotype. We further showed that mutation of YGL1 through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing led to a yellow phenotype on the leaves of transgenic wheat, indicating that ygl1 is the correct causal gene responsible for the mutant phenotype. In summary, our approach is highly efficient for discovering causal mutations and gene cloning in wheat.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an automated resonance wavelength alignment scheme for an O-band 4 × 4 thermo-optic optical switch using dual-ring resonators. In this scheme, a new control algorithm based on saddle point searching is employed to align dual-input switching elements (SEs) and therefore the 4 × 4 switch. The proposed scheme is proven effective by demonstrating eight routing configurations for two 10-Gb/s data channels. The insertion losses of the three-stage SEs are ≤6.9 dB, and the crosstalk values are below -13.6 dB. Besides, the tolerance of the switch to the wavelength misalignment between the two optical input signals is measured. Negligible performance degradations are observed when the two channels are spaced by 0.05 nm.

An investment in a portfolio can not only guarantee returns but can also effectively control risk factors. Portfolio optimization is a multi-objective optimization problem. In order to better assist a decision maker to obtain his/her preferred investment solution, an interactive multi-criterion decision making system (MV-IMCDM) is designed for the Mean-Variance (MV) model of the portfolio optimization problem. Considering the flexibility requirement of a preference model that provides a guiding role in MV-IMCDM, a self-learning based preference model DT-PM (decision tree-preference model) is constructed. Compared with the present function based preference model, the DT-PM fully considers a decision maker’s bounded rationality. It does not require an assumption that the decision maker’s preference structure and preference change are known a priori and can be automatically generated and completely updated by learning from the decision maker’s preference feedback. Experimental results of a comparison show that, in the case that the decision maker’s preference structure and preference change are unknown a priori, the performances of guidance and fitness of the DT-PM are remarkably superior to function based preference models; in the case that the decision maker’s preference structure is known a priori, the performances of guidance and fitness of the DT-PM is approximated to the predefined function based model. It can be concluded that the DT-PM can agree with the preference ambiguity and the variability of a decision maker with bounded rationality and be applied more widely in a real decision system.

Optical nonlinear response and bistability behavior are observed in a fabricated silicon photonic crystal three defect-long (L3) nanocavity. The L3 cavity, which is coupled with a photonic crystal waveguide, has a quality factor of 60 000. Optical nonlinear response of the L3 cavity is observed at 4.65- μW input power, and the threshold power for optical bistability in the L3 cavity is 26.1 μW, which are the lowest values for silicon L3 cavities. A nonlinear coupled mode model is established to analyze nanocavity characteristics systematically. Numerical simulation results indicate that the ultralow power nonlinearity is due to the high Q factor and large thermal resistance of the nanocavity.

Light emitters based on Ge quantum dots embedded in modified photonic crystal three defect-long (L3) cavities are fabricated and characterized. Several sharp resonant luminescence peaks dominate the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum at room temperature. The strongest resonant luminescence peak is obtained at 1524 nm. The enhancement factor is 110, and the corresponding Purcell factor is estimated to be 6.7. The large enhancement is due to high Purcell factor and high collection efficiency of modified L3 cavity verified by far-field patterns. The intrinsic Q factor measured from crossed-polarized resonant scattering is much higher than the Q factor measured from PL, indicating that the Q factors measured from PL are inaccurate due to free-carrier absorption of the photogenerated carriers.