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Sorption methods for the preconcentration of analytes are widely used in analytical chemistry. Various grainy sorbents are commonly used in the form of packed beds retained in a column or [...], The properties of a Diasorb-130-IDK sorbent based on silica gel with a grain size of about 6 pm were studied in order to choose conditions for the separation of the rare-earth elements from the samples of natural wine and their subsequent determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The possibility of the quantitative separation of the elements with the use of an ultrasonic flow suspension column was demonstrated. The results were compared with data obtained with the use of other sample preparation methods. A procedure was proposed for the determination of the rare-earth elements and yttrium in the samples of wines. Keywords: suspension columns, ultrasound, rare-earth metals, wine DOI: 10.1134/S1061934815120059

Maize is a highly diverse species on the gene sequence level. With the recent development of methods to distinguish each of the 10 pairs of homologues in somatic root tip spreads, a wide collection of maize lines was subjected to karyotype analysis to serve as a reference for the community and to examine the spectrum of chromosomal features in the species. The core nested association mapping progenitor collection and additional selections of diversity lines were examined. Commonly used inbred lines were included in the analysis. The centromere 4 specific repeat and ribosomal RNA loci were invariant. The CentC centromere repeat exhibited extensive differences in quantity on any particular chromosome across lines. Knob heterochromatin was highly variable with locations at many sites in the genome. Lastly, representative examples from other species in the genus Zea (teosintes) were examined, which provide information on the evolution of chromosomal features. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aphasia is a systemic disorder of formed speech that develops as a result of local brain lesions. Most aphasias are characterized by damage to secondary cortical fields, which in turn are responsible for the performance of the functions of gnosis and praxis, which explains the variability in the manifestations of speech disorders in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents. However, it is necessary in each case to diagnose the central pathological mechanism, which underlies the development of the entire syndrome and determines the entire clinical picture. The most important task of a speech therapist-aphasiologist is to qualify the defect, namely to isolate the mechanism and analyze the syndrome in order to select individual methods of corrective restoration. This article presents a case of a patient with an ischemic stroke in the left posterior cerebral artery with the development of amnestic aphasia in combination with alexia without agraphia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the intravenous form of dimephosphon at the first stage of rehabilitation in patients with ischemic stroke in the carotid system., Material and Methods: The article presents the results of examination of 60 patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke in the carotid system (30 patients were treated with dimephosphon and 30 patients were in the comparison group). The dynamics of the clinical picture (according to the NIHSS), functional dependence in self-service (according to the modified Rankin scale), state of autonomic response using spectral analysis of heart rate variability, cerebrovascular reactivity using functional tests were assessed during the treatment., Results: A significant decrease in NIHSS points was recorded (on average by 60% from the initial level) in the main group, relative to the comparison group (on average by 33% from the initial points). On the 10th day of therapy, there was a significantly more improvement in cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnic and hypocapnic loads, the index of vasomotor reactivity, as well as the state of cerebral blood flow autoregulation in the main group compared with the comparison group. In addition, by the 10th day of therapy relative to the initial values in the main group, a statistically significant increase (by 30%) was revealed in the number of patients with adaptive sympathicotonic type of autonomic regulation with a decrease in the number of patients with hypersympathetic and asymptomatic types of autonomic regulation after orthostatic test (by 10% and 20%, respectively). By the 10th day of hospitalization, there were more patients with no or mild signs of disability (0-2 points according to the modified Rankin scale) in the main group (83%) compared with the comparison group (60%)., Conclusion: The use of the multimodal drug dimephosphon in complex therapy in patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke in the carotid system contributes to the normalization of the regulatory mechanisms of cerebral circulation and autonomic regulation. This helps to improve functional recovery and enhance the rehabilitation potential of patients.

We present the results of the study of 422 patients with acute and chronic brain ischemia and epileptic seizures. The features of seizures in relation to sex of patients, pathogenetic subtypes of stroke, timing of seizures after stroke as well as EEG and MRI characteristics are described.

The integral medical supervision of 320 patients with epileptic seizures developed in the cases of cerebral ischemic lesion revealed the predominance of focal epileptic seizures and cortical ischemic pathology, and the correlation between the time of the clinical manifestation of seizures and the stroke subtype. The critical significance of stenoses and occlusions and the reduction of cerebrovascular reactivity in the vertebro-basilar basin were observed in patients with epileptic seizures due to the brain ischemic lesion compared with patients of the control group.

One hundred and seventy-three patients with ischemic brain lesion and steno-occlusive process who have different types of epileptic seizures have been studied. The seizures have developed in 51.5% of patients after ischemic stroke and in 48.5% of patients with chronic brain ischemia. Electroencephalography, magnetic-resonance tomography, transcranial dopplerography, a duplex study of intracranial cerebral vessels with functional tests and extracranial dopplerography have been conducted along with a neurological examination. Focal seizures were the most prevalent in patients with lesions of the right carotid bed. There was the dissociation of localization of ischemic zones with epileptiform foci recorded more often in the left hemisphere. Clinical-functional-neuroimaging patterns depended on the time of the vascular catastrophe. The feature of brain ischemic disease was the change of cerebrovascular reactivity in the vertebrobasilar bed that reflected the insufficiency of perfusion reserve. This fact may suggest the imbalance and insufficiency of antiepileptic system.

Aim: To analyse structure, clinical features, diagnosis of opportunistic and concomitant diseases in patients with HIV infection admitted to infection hospital of Moscow., Material and Methods: A total of 4155 patients with HIV infection (1518 of them with AIDS) most of them (89%) at the age of 20-39 years were treated in Moscow AIDS hospital in 2006-2007. The examination included standard blood and urine tests, device diagnosis, immunological, bacteriological and molecular investigations of biological materials for detection of opportunistic infections. Cell-mediated immunity was also studied. HIV infection resulted in a lethal outcome in 255 (6.1%) inpatients., Results: Leading causes of hospitalization of patients at early stages of HIV infection were bacterial bronchitis or pneumonia, hepatic pathology (chronic viral hepatitides, alcohol-associated diseases), sepsis. One-third of the inpatients were at AIDS stage characterized by tuberculosis (66.3%), visceral candidosis (12%), manifest cytomegalovirus infection (10.1%), cerebral toxoplasmosis (9.2%), pneumocystic pneumonia (5.5%). The number of HIV-infected persons with atypical mycobacteriosis, lymphoproliferative diseases, brain tumors increased. Chronic hepatitis C prevailed among liver damage cause in HIV infection, it also often caused hospitalization and death of patients. 60.3% patients having HIV infection who died without AIDS stage had hepatic cirrhosis. Tuberculosis was a leading cause of severe pulmonary pathology, most frequent opportunistic disease, main cause of death in patients with HIV infection. One-third of patients had generalized tuberculosis. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in more than 40% HIV-infected patients with pulmonary lesion, in 65% AIDS patients, 36% dead AIDS patients., Conclusion: To render effective anti-HIV treatment, infection hospital must be equipped with facilities providing device tests, molecular diagnosis, modern etiotropic and pathogenetic medication.

Using a combination of degenerate primers designed from the NBS domains of the resistance genes, amplification and subsequent cloning of the resistance gene fragments from sunflower (Helianthus agrophyllus) was conducted. Sequences of cloned PCR products differed from one another and displayed homology to NBS domain fragments of the already known plant resistance genes, as well as to the analogous genes from different classes. The highest homology was shown to the NBS domain regions of cultivated sunflower and the other members of the family Compositae. Two cloned fragments had open reading frames, while the other sequences carried stop codons and seemed to belong to pseudogenes. Amino acid sequences of Helianthus agrophyllus analyzed contained conservative regions typical of NBS domains of the resistance gene products.

Aim: To characterize the spectrum, incidence rate and features of pulmonary pathology in HIV-infected inpatients with reference to a fall in the count of CD4-lymphocytes., Material and Methods: A total of 2370 patients with HIV infection admitted to Moscow infectious hospital N 2 were examined. The protocol of examination included: standard diagnostic tests, bronchoscopy with examination of bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies for genetic markers of basic pulmonary disease pathogens, assessment of external respiration function by spirometry. By the count of CD4-lymphocytes in the blood (> 500 cells/mcl; 500-200 cells/mcl and < 200 cells/mcl) the patients with pulmonary pathology were divided into groups 1, 2 and 3., Results: Affection of the lower respiratory tract (LRT) was detected in 1209 (51%) patients. Incidence, etiological spectrum and severity of LRT lesions increased significantly with aggravation of immunological disorders. The patients of group 1 were affected more frequently with bacterial bronchitis, pneumonia (88.2%), group 2 patients - with bacterial pneumonia (67.1%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (28.1%), group 3 - with tuberculosis including generalized forms (53.9%), cytomegalovirus infection (11.2%), pneumocystosis (7.2%). Combined pulmonary pathology was diagnosed in 25% cases., Conclusion: Changes in external respiration function were most evident in pneumocystosis and tuberculosis, but they were most persistent in cytomegaloviral lesion of the lungs. Some tuberculosis and CMV infection patients exhibited ventilatory disorders prior to clinical and x-ray symptoms, this suggests prognostic significance of spirometry.