Search

Creches são consideradas ambientes saudáveis, pois, para além de cumprir uma missão de educação, exercem influência em cuidados básicos de saúde, responsabilizando-se pela integridade física e emocional da criança, bem como orientando hábitos de higiene, alimentação e socialização interpessoal. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar ambientes de creches, compreendendo melhor os fatores de risco presentes e os padrões de comportamento ensinados, assim como sua associação com cárie dentária, traumatismo dentário e presença de biofilme. Trata-se de estudo transversal com utilização da Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale Revised (ITERS-R), escala de avaliação de ambientes, conduzido em dois municípios do interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro, em creches públicas e particulares. Para avaliação das lesões de cárie, seguiu-se o critério do Sistema Internacional de Detecção e Avaliação de Cárie (ICDAS – International Caries Detection and Assessment System); para a presença de biofilme, o critério de Alaluusua e Malmivirta; e o critério descrito por O’Brien para lesões traumáticas. A associação entre ambiente e desfechos foi verificada através da comparação de médias para as variáveis numéricas, via teste t de Student e, para variáveis categóricas binárias, empregou-se a regressão logística. Foi verificada uma baixa qualidade dos ambientes das creches em relação à saúde bucal, ficando os escores médios de ambiente no valor mais baixo da escala (entre 1,2 e 1,4), e houve associação estatisticamente significante entre ambientes e cárie (RC: 0,51; IC: 0,29-0,88) e com biofilme (RC: 0,27; IC: 0,17-0,42). Conclui-se que existe uma inadequação do ambiente das creches que não contribui para a construção de conhecimentos relativos à educação para saúde bucal, que se associa com desfechos de saúde bucal. Pode-se, assim, considerar creches como ambientes não saudáveis em relação à saúde bucal.

A Epidermólise Bolhosa é uma doença rara, cuja principal característica é a fragilidade cutânea, com formação de bolhas na pele e mucosa, com significativo envolvimento na cavidade bucal. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e explorar a produção bibliográfica acerca das manifestações bucais e o manejo odontológico em crianças e adolescentes acometidas por EB. Realizou-se uma Revisão Integrativa, nas bases de dados Pubmed - Scopus, Lilacs, Bireme e Scielo, no período de Jan/2010 a Jan/2021, com uma amostra final de 88 artigos. Constatou-se a necessidade de incentivar pesquisas múltiplas e independentes, que possam sustentar uma prática clínica segura e com evidências científicas, visando a promoção e a manutenção da saúde bucal em pacientes com EB.

Aim: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a health condition with variable prevalence rates, affecting a large portion of the population, especially young adults. This study aimed to verify the level of knowledge on the subject both of dentistry professionals and students and the general population. Methodology: An exploratory-descriptive study with quantitative analysis was carried out using a digital form released via social media to be filled in by the Google Forms tool. Four dimensions were evaluated regarding general characteristics and the presence of DH, as well as specific characteristics related to the group (dentists/dental students or general population). Results: The form was answered by 212 participants. Of these, 69% of the lay population claimed to frequently consume acidic foods and drinks, 35% claimed to have sensitive teeth and 30% self-indicated products for the treatment of DH. In relation to the group linked to dentistry, 46% did not know the difference between agents with obliterating and neural action; and 51% did not know the Hydrodynamic Theory. Conclusion: the population linked to dentistry showed a lack of knowledge about DH. The lay population, on the other hand, showed a superficial knowledge of DH, but with information acquired from informal sources. Objetivo: La hipersensibilidad dentinaria (HD) es una condición de salud con tasas de prevalencia variables, que afecta a una gran parte de la población, especialmente a los adultos jóvenes. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar el nivel de conocimiento sobre el tema tanto de los profesionales y estudiantes de odontología como de la población en general. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo con análisis cuantitativo a través de un formulario digital difundido a través de las redes sociales para ser llenado mediante la herramienta Google Forms. Se evaluaron cuatro dimensiones en cuanto a las características generales y la presencia de HD, así como características específicas relacionadas con el grupo (odontólogos/estudiantes de odontología o población general). Resultados: El formulario fue respondido por 212 participantes. De estos, el 69% de la población no especializada afirmó consumir alimentos y bebidas ácidas con frecuencia, el 35% afirmó tener dientes sensibles y el 30% se auto indicaron productos para el tratamiento de la EH. Con relación al grupo vinculado a la odontología, el 46% desconocía la diferencia entre agentes con acción obliterante y neural; y el 51% no conocía la Teoría Hidrodinámica. Conclusión: la población vinculada a la odontología mostró un desconocimiento sobre HD. La población laica, por el contrario, mostró un conocimiento superficial de HD, pero con información adquirida de fuentes informales. Objetivo: A hipersensibilidade dentinária (HD) é um quadro de saúde com taxas de prevalência variáveis, acometendo grande parcela da população, especialmente adultos jovens. Este estudo avaliou o grau de conhecimento acerca do assunto, tanto de estudantes e profissionais da odontologia bem como da população em geral. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo exploratório-descritivo com análise quantitativa, por meio de um questionário estruturado e distribuído aos sujeitos da pesquisa via mídias sociais. As questões apresentadas e respondidas foram coletadas utilizando a ferramenta Google Forms. Foram avaliadas 4 dimensões sobre características gerais e presença de HD, bem como características específicas relativas ao público alvo. Resultados: O formulário foi respondido por 212 participantes. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria da população em geral (69%) consome alimentos e bebidas ácidas, afirmam ter dentes sensíveis (35%) e fazem uso de automedicação (30%). Relativo ao grupo ligado à odontologia 51% desconheciam conceitos básicos acerca da HD. Conclusão: O grau de conhecimento de graduandos/graduados em Odontologia, assim como da população em geral, é deficiente, exigindo estratégias educativas, no sentido de aperfeiçoar a formação profissional e a educação popular sobre HD.

To assess the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) in inhibiting enamel erosion in primary teeth. 80 primary canine teeth were immersed for 24 h in 2% NaF, 10% SDF, or distilled water. Afterward, some of them underwent a 10-min acid challenge using either 1% or 10% citric acid while others did not. Specimens selected for negative controls were immersed in distilled water but not exposed to the acids, whereas those selected for positive controls were not only immersed in distilled water, but also exposed to the acids. Following, 3-mL samples were collected for calcium and phosphorus analysis by an atomic emission spectrometer. 1% acid caused higher phosphorus loss in the positive control group than in the others (no differences between them). Regarding 10% acid, the SDF group showed lower phosphorus loss compared to the positive control and NaF groups. From calcium loss analysis, SDF and NaF groups presented no significant difference when compared to the positive control groups after both acidic challenges. Considering phosphorus loss values, 10% SDF seems to be effective in inhibiting enamel erosion after 1% and 10% citric acid challenges, whereas 2% NaF only after 1% citric acid challenge. Regarding calcium loss values, both fluoride agents seem to have no impact on inhibiting enamel erosion after 1% and 10% citric acid challenges.

Introducao: Microcefalia e uma malformacao congenita na qual o bebe apresenta um perimetro cefalico inferior a 2 desvios-padrao da media para idade gestacional e sexo. E um dos sinais clinicos mais evidentes da Sindrome congenita do Zika Virus e poucos estudos na area odontologica foram desenvolvidos com essa populacao. Objetivo: Avaliar as condicoes bucais de criancas com microcefalia quanto a higiene bucal, experiencia, severidade e atividade de carie. Metodo: Tratou-se de estudo transversal com amostra de 71 criancas portadoras de microcefalia de Teresina-PI. Foram excluidos bebes que nao apresentavam dentes. Os dados foram coletados atraves da aplicacao de questionario socioeconomico e demografico e realizacao de exame clinico por um examinador previamente treinado e calibrado. No exame clinico foi avaliada a higiene bucal (Indices O’Leary e Sangramento Gengival); a experiencia e severidade da carie dentaria (Indice CAST) e a atividade de carie (Indice Nyvad). Foi realizada analise descritiva e o teste de associacao Exato de Fisher (p

Background To evaluate the level of stress during dental care in children and preadolescents with cerebral palsy through biological and psychological parameters. Material and Methods A total of 38 children aged 7 to 12 years were divided into two groups: one with 18 children with cerebral palsy and the other with 20 healthy children (control group). Saliva was noninvasively collected before and after dental care to analyze salivary biomarkers. The Frankl Behavior Scale and the Facial Image Scale were applied. Results After the dental procedure, cortisol levels were significantly higher (p = 0.02) in the cerebral palsy group than in the control group. Salivary alpha-amylase was not significantly different between groups. Regarding psychological parameters, anxiety was significantly higher (p = 0.00012) in the cerebral palsy group than in the control group. Conclusions There was a change in physiological parameters (salivary cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase) and in psychological parameters (Frankl Behavioral Scale and Facial Image Scale) in patients with cerebral palsy, who exhibited higher stress and anxiety levels than did children without cerebral palsy. Key words:Ortisol, physiological stress, dental care, cerebral palsy, dental treatment anxiety.

Objetivo: Observar as evidências da associação entre a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde Bucal (QVRSB) e o Senso de Coerência (SOC) de adolescentes. Métodos: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL) realizada em cinco bases de dados, nas quais se utilizaram dos descritores “adolescente”, “senso de coerência”, “qualidade de vida em saúde bucal”. Foram incluídos artigos publicados em português e inglês que retrataram a temática no período compreendido entre 2010-2021. Excluíram-se os artigos duplicados, todos os estudos de revisão e os que estavam fora da pergunta. Resultados: Inicialmente, identificaram-se 6879 artigos, restando 22 artigos após a observação dos critérios de elegibilidade. As publicações eleitas nesta RI apontam uma relação direta entre o SOC e saúde, caracterizando-o como um efetivo agente de promoção de saúde. Considerações finais: Adolescentes com escores altos de SOC são potencialmente mais hábeis em compreender, absorver e incorporar os benefícios das boas práticas de saúde e apresentam melhores condições de saúde bucal, quando comparados com aqueles de fracos escores, o que naturalmente impacta na QVRSB.

Aim: This experimental study in vitro aimed to compare the disinfection of the primary teeth root canals system using the rotary and reciprocating file system. Methodology: Forty-eight root canals from twenty-four primary molar teeth were contaminated with the standard strain of Enterococcus faecalis and randomically splitted into 4 groups (n=12). The Group PN comprised the root canals prepared with the ProTaperTM Next rotary system. The Group WOG was defined by the usage of WaveOneTM Gold reciprocating system. The files from both systems were thermo mechanical processed. The Group PU used the ProTaperTM Universal system, with no thermic treatment, and the Group C (negative control) received no treatment. Samples from the root canals were collected with sterile paper points before and after its preparation, diluted and distributed in plates with Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar. The bacterial colonies were counted and the results were statistic analyzed by Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis (Dunn) tests. Results: There was significant bacterial reduction using the systems (p>0,01). However, there was no significant difference among them (p 0.01). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas entre ellos (p 0,01). No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre eles (p

Among all desired requirements to dental prosthesis, marginal adaptation and passive fit are the most important. In some cases, in order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to cut and weld the teeth / implant-supported framework. Nowadays, the laser welding process shows a great advantage in comparison to other methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal laser welds point that is more appropriate to Ni-Cr prosthetic framework. A total of 60 specimens of Ni-Cr (35 mm x 4 mm) were designed and welded using a Nd:YAG laser device model EV 900. They were fixed in a metal piece 0.27 mm between the ends to be welded. All specimens were welded with 21 laser pulses diametrically opposed (frequency of 1.0Hz, load time 3.0 ms and 0.5 mm of diameter pulse). They were divided into three groups according to the electric current of the laser weld: A – 180A; B – 200A and C – 220A. To determinate the flexural mechanic strength, all specimens were submitted to a three-point bending test. The results obtained were: Group A = 553 Mpa; B = 751 Mpa and C = 802.1 Mpa. The control group was 1040.9 Mpa. ANOVA and Tukey’s test were performed and statistical significance differences were observed between group A and B as well as between group A and C. However, no significant difference was observed between B and C.

Objective: Evaluate the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in permanent molars and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and systemic conditions in children treated at the paediatric dentistry clinic of private dental school. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 706 medical records of children aged 8 to 12 years of both sexes, treated between 2004 and 2017. The inclusion criteria included the presence of the first 4 permanent molars, absence of syndromes related to enamel malformations and dentoalveolar trauma in the first 3 years of life and complete medical records. The dependent variable (hypomineralization/hypoplasia) and the independent variables (sociodemographic and health variables) were collected and evaluated using descriptive analysis, association tests (chi-square) and logistic regression, at a significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of DDE in the first permanent molars was 55.95%, with no association with sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusions: The association of DDE in the first 4 permanent molars with the independent variables such as caesarean, forceps or preterm delivery and systemic diseases until 3 years of age were statistically significant. Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de defectos del desarrollo del esmalte (DDE) en molares permanentes y su asociación con características sociodemográficas y condiciones sistémicas en niños atendidos en la clínica de odontopediatría de la facultad de odontología privada. Material y Métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 706 historias clínicas de niños de 8 a 12 años de ambos sexos, tratados entre 2004 y 2017. Los criterios de inclusión incluyeron la presencia de los primeros 4 molares permanentes, ausencia de síndromes relacionados con malformaciones del esmalte y trauma dentoalveolares en los primeros 3 años de vida y registros médicos completos. La variable dependiente (hipomineralización / hipoplasia) y las independientes (variables sociodemográficas y de salud) fueron recolectadas y evaluadas mediante análisis descriptivo, pruebas de asociación (chi-cuadrado) y regresión logística, a un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: La prevalencia de DDE en los primeros molares permanentes fue del 55,95%, sin asociación con características sociodemográficas. Conclusiones: La asociación de DDE en los primeros 4 molares permanentes con las variables independientes como cesárea, fórceps o parto pretérmino y enfermedades sistémicas hasta los 3 años de edad fue estadísticamente significativa. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de defeitos de desenvolvimento do esmalte (DDE) em molares permanentes e sua associação com características sociodemográficas e condições sistêmicas em crianças atendidas na clínica de Odontopediatria de uma Faculdade de Odontologia particular. Material e Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 706 prontuários de crianças de 8 a 12 anos de ambos os sexos, atendidas entre 2004 e 2017. Os critérios de inclusão incluíram a presença dos 4 primeiros molares permanentes, ausência de síndromes relacionadas a malformações de esmalte e trauma dentoalveolar nos primeiros 3 anos de vida e ter o prontuário completo. A variável dependente (hipomineralização / hipoplasia) e as variáveis independentes (variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde) foram coletadas e avaliadas por meio de análise descritiva, testes de associação (qui-quadrado) e regressão logística, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A prevalência de DDE nos primeiros molares permanentes foi de 55,95%, sem associação com características sociodemográficas. Conclusões: A associação de DDE nos 4 primeiros molares permanentes com as variáveis independentes como cesárea, fórceps ou parto prematuro e doenças sistêmicas até os 3 anos de idade foi estatisticamente significativa.

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida associada ao tratamento endodôntico em adolescentes atendidos na atenção especializada em um município do estado da Bahia. Métodos: O desenho de estudo foi longitudinal, com os usuários de 12 a 20 anos atendidos no período de dezembro de 2017 a maio de 2019, tendo inicialmente 90 pacientes e perda amostral de 20 (N=70). Foram utilizados instrumentos para identificação de variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, gênero, grau de instrução e renda) e avaliação da qualidade de vida (OHIP-14) em dois momentos (antes e 30 dias depois do tratamento endodôntico). Na análise estatística utilizou-se os testes de Wilcoxon e Mcnemar para identificar possíveis associações entre as variáveis. Resultados: Houve uma melhora significativa tanto nos valores do OHIP-14 quanto no número de indivíduos com impacto em todos os domínios após 30 dias do tratamento endodôntico concluído, mais exacerbado nos domínios relacionados à dor física (TDE=3,269) e desconforto psicológico (TDE=2,942). Conclusão: Foi observado que o tratamento endodôntico no SUS impacta de forma positiva na qualidade de vida desses pacientes, gerando uma melhora sob ponto de vista social, psicológico, físico e funcional.

Breastfeeding should be exclusive until 6 months of a child's life for adequate growth and development, but it is known that this is a distant reality in Brazil. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with early weaning among nourishers enrolled in a Family Health Unit in a small town in the Northeast of Brazil. We interviewed 15 nourishers, mothers of children under 6 months of age who were not being fed with exclusive breastfeeding. The results show that 39% had no schooling, 20% had not received information about breastfeeding during pregnancy, 93% found that exclusive breastfeeding should be done up to 6 months or more. Although the majority of the mothers know that exclusive breastfeeding should persist early weaning occurred before 6 months of life of children.

Aim To investigate the influence of salivary osmolality on the occurrence of gingivitis in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Design A total of 82 children with spastic CP were included in this cross-sectional study. Oral motor performance and gingival conditions were evaluated. Unstimulated saliva was collected using cotton swabs, and salivary osmolality was measured using a freezing point depression osmometer. Spearman's coefficient, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Strong correlation (r > 0.7) was determined among salivary osmolality, salivary flow rate, visible plaque, dental calculus, and the occurrence of gingivitis. The area under the ROC to predict the influence of salivary osmolality on the occurrence of gingivitis was 0.88 (95% CI 0.81–0.96; P 84.5 mOsm/kgH2O, the proportion of children with gingivitis was 77.5%. Salivary osmolality above 84.5 increased the likelihood of gingivitis fivefold, whereas each additional 0.1 mL of salivary flow reduced the likelihood of gingivitis by 97%. Conclusion Gingivitis occurs more frequently in children with CP showing increased values of salivary osmolality.

The pediatric dental approach to the oral cavity of newborns requires special attention, as many aspects are unique and peculiar to this period of life. It is important that pediatricians and pediatric dentists be aware of the characteristics within normal newborn patterns and prepared to make a correct diagnosis of abnormalities at early stages. Congenital eruption cysts (ECs) are rarely observed in newborns, as at this stage of a child's life, tooth eruption is unusual. This study reports a case of EC treated successfully by monitoring of the lesion, without any surgical procedure. In the 4th month, the lesion had completely regressed, and the deciduous central incisors had erupted without problems. The clinical and radiographic monitoring of ECs in newborns seems to be a satisfactory management procedure, similar to what is recommended for older children. How to cite this article: de Oliveira AJ, Silveira MLG, Duarte DA, Diniz MB. Eruption Cyst in the Neonate. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(1):58-60.

Objetivo: avaliar o perfil do usuário e o nível de satisfação associado ao tratamento endodôntico de pacientes atendidos no CEO de Camaçari-BA. Material e métodos: o desenho de estudo foi de corte transversal, tendo como população os usuários de 12 a 20 anos que demandaram o serviço durante o período de dezembro de 2017 a novembro de 2018 (n=45). Foram realizadas entrevistas para identificação de variáveis sóciodemográficas, além da avaliação da satisfação por um questionário validado (QASSaB). Realizou-se a análise estatística dos dados, registrando a média e respectivo desvio-padrão para as variáveis contínuas, frequência absoluta e relativa para variáveis categoriais e teste qui-quadrado para avaliação de possíveis associações entre elas. Resultados: os participantes tiveram média de idade de 16,8 anos (±2,067), com renda familiar média de R$ 972,00 e maioria do sexo feminino (55,6%). Dos dentes tratados 31,1% foram molares, 31,1% pré-molares e 37,8% caninos e incisivos, sendo que maior parte pertenciam ao arco superior (75,6%). Os resultados mostraram que no geral houve um bom grau de satisfação do usuário com o atendimento, porém foram verificados pontos de menor satisfação, como foi o caso da acessibilidade e resolutividade. Na dimensão eficácia os pacientes atendidos por especialistas relataram ter menos incômodo durante o tratamento, porém não foi estatisticamente significante (p=0,391). Conclusões: este tipo de estudo tem grande valia já que se podem estabelecer comparativos e realizar planejamentos adequados a partir da identificação dos pontos de necessidade de intervenção.

SUMMARYAlthough there has been a significant decrease in caries prevalence in developed countries, the slower progression of dental caries requires methods capable of detecting and quantifying lesions at an early stage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fluorescence-based methods (DIAGNOdent 2095 laser fluorescence device [LF], DIAGNOdent 2190 pen [LFpen], and VistaProof fluorescence camera [FC]) in monitoring the progression of noncavitated caries-like lesions on smooth surfaces. Caries-like lesions were developed in 60 blocks of bovine enamel using a bacterial model of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Enamel blocks were evaluated by two independent examiners at baseline (phase I), after the first cariogenic challenge (eight days) (phase II), and after the second cariogenic challenge (a further eight days) (phase III) by two independent examiners using the LF, LFpen, and FC. Blocks were submitted to surface microhardness (SMH) and cross-sectional microhardness analyses. The intraclass correlation coefficient for intra- and interexaminer reproducibility ranged from 0.49 (FC) to 0.94 (LF/LFpen). SMH values decreased and fluorescence values increased significantly among the three phases. Higher values for sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were observed for FC (phase II) and LFpen (phase III). A significant correlation was found between fluorescence values and SMH in all phases and integrated loss of surface hardness (ΔKHN) in phase III. In conclusion, fluorescence-based methods were effective in monitoring noncavitated caries-like lesions on smooth surfaces, with moderate correlation with SMH, allowing differentiation between sound and demineralized enamel.

Traumatic injuries in anterior teeth are common in children and can cause serious consequences in subsequent permanent teeth, requiring professional intervention to minimize complications. Objective: To evaluate the traumatic injuries in anterior deciduous teeth of children enrolled in kindergartens and schools at the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba. Material and methods:The sample comprised 46 children, both genders, aged from 6 to 60 months. Data collection was based on X-rays, intraoral clinical analysis and the application of questionnaire with open and structured questions to obtain information on previous injuries, obtained by a calibrated examiner. Data was subjected to descriptive statistics by calculating absolute and relative frequencies, and to inferential statistics by Chi-square test (p < 0.05). Results: The results showed that 71.73% of children affected were male, 60.9% aged from two to three years, 63% of injuries occurred at home, 56.5 % had enamel fractures and 53.3% had injuries in the maxillary right central incisor. Conclusion: Trauma in deciduous teeth is common, especially in young children. Thus, preventive and corrective measures should be taken, both at private and public dental care.

The aim of this study was to compare different bacterial models for in vitro induction of non-cavitated enamel caries-like lesions by microhardness and polarized light microscopy analyses. One hundred blocks of bovine enamel were randomly divided into four groups (n = 25) according to the bacterial model for caries induction: (A) Streptococcus mutans, (B) S. mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, (C) S. mutans and L. casei, and (D) S. mutans, L. acidophilus, and L. casei. Within each group, the blocks were randomly divided into five subgroups according to the duration of the period of caries induction (4-20 days). The enamel blocks were immersed in cariogenic solution containing the microorganisms, which was changed every 48 h. Groups C and D presented lower surface hardness values (SMH) and higher area of hardness loss (ΔS) after the cariogenic challenge than groups A and B (P

Conservation of deciduous teeth with pulp alterations caused by caries and trauma is a major therapeutic challenge in pediatric dentistry as a result of the internal anatomy and life cycle characteristic. It is essential that the root canal procedures sanitizers have a performance in eliminating bacterial. In this context, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PAT) is promising and emerging as adjuvant therapy in an attempt to eliminate the microorganisms persistent to chemi-mechanical preparation. Since there is presence of oxygen in cells, photosensitizer activated by light can react with molecules in its vicinity by electrons’ or hydrogen’s transfer, leading to microorganism death. This paper reports the case of 4-year-old patient, female, with early childhood caries. The proposed endodontic treatment incuded chemomechanical treatment allied to PAT in the decontamination of root canals using methylene blue dye 50 μg/mL during 3–5 minutes and 40 J/cm2as energy density, taking into account the need for tissue penetration and effectiveness of PAT inside the dentinal tubules.

Resumen pt: Objetivo: Avaliar clinicamente a condicao odontologica de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Metodo: Foi realizado estudo explor...

The present study sought to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis of photodynamic therapy applied before and after reciprocating instrumentation of permanent molars.Apical extrusion of debris can cause flare-ups due to introduction of bacteria into the periapical tissues.Eighteen mesial roots from permanent mandibular molars were selected. The crowns were removed to obtain a standard root length of 15 mm. The included mesial roots had an angulation of 10°-40° and canals with independent foramina. The orifice of each mesiolingual canal was sealed with light-curing resin, and the working length was established visually, 1 mm short of the apical foramen. The roots were rendered impermeable and sterilized, and the mesiobuccal canals were contaminated with a standard strain of E. faecalis for 21 days. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): G1, photodynamic therapy performed before instrumentation and irrigation with 0.9% NaCl (saline) solution; G2, photodynamic therapy performed after instrumentation and irrigation with 0.9% NaCl; and G3 (control), instrumentation and irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) solution. Canals were shaped with a WaveOne primary file (25.08) and irrigated with 0.9% NaCl. E. faecalis samples were collected before and after each procedure, and the results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests.Significant reductions in E. faecalis were observed when photodynamic therapy was performed before and after instrumentation of the root canal system (p 0.05). Reciprocating instrumentation significantly reduced E. faecalis colonies in experimentally contaminated root canal systems (p 0.05).Photodynamic therapy was effective in removing E. faecalis from the root canal system, whether performed before or after reciprocating instrumentation.

Objective: To assess, in vitro, the ability of the ProTaper™ and WaveOne™ systems to reduce Enterococcus faecalis contamination in primary molars. Study design: Sixty roots of primary molars were contaminated with E. faecalis. Roots were randomly allocated to one of four groups (n=20): ProTaper™, WaveOne™, control A, or control B. The files used were S1 and S2/F1 and F2 (ProTaper™ system) and 25.08 (WaveOne™ system). In control group A, the root canal was left uninstrumented, whereas in control group B, the root canal was irrigated with NaCl 0.9%. E. faecalis was sampled from the root canal system before and after instrumentation and the Wilcoxon test and Mann–Whitney U were used. Results: There were no differences in E. faecalis counts between pre-instrumentation counts in the ProTaper™ and WaveOne™ (p>0.05). The ProTaper™ system led to an 89.36% reduction in E. faecalis burden, versus 78.10% with the WaveOne™ system (p>0.05). Instrumentation time was shorter with WaveOne™ (p

Objetivo: O presente estudo quantificou o biofilme dental atraves do indice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) de Greene e Vermillion, em criancas com erosao dentaria comparando-as com criancas sem este problema de saude bucal. Metodologia: Participaram deste estudo 48 criancas de 4 a 9 anos de idade, examinadas por um unico examinador treinado de acordo com o indice de O´Brien para o diagnostico de erosao dentaria, sendo que 24 criancas apresentavam erosao nos dentes e 24 criancas sem erosao. Posteriormente elas receberam orientacoes e padronizacao para a avaliacao do IHO-S. Os dados foram analisada pela regressao logistica univariada de Poisson. Valores de razao de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianca de 95% (IC 95%) foram calculados. Resultados: A media (desvio padrao) do IHO-S de criancas com erosao foi de 1,19 (0,38), menor que as criancas do grupo controle 1,73 (0,44). A quantidade de biofilme foi associada com a presenca de erosao dentaria (RP IC 95% = 0.393; 0.188-0.822) e valor de p = 0.013. Conclusoes: Criancas com erosao nos dentes apresentaram uma quantidade significativamente menor de biofilme em relacao as criancas sem este problema, o biofilme pode ser um possivel fator protetor contra os ataques acidos e o desenvolvimento da erosao dentaria.

Introducao: Estudos sobre autopercepcao da saude bucal na adolescencia sao raros, alimentando o mito de que na adolescencia existem poucos agravos a saude de forma geral. Objetivo: Avaliar a auto-percepcao de adolescentes em relacao a sua saude bucal. Metodos: Foram analisados e avaliados por inquerito adolescentes (n=183) de escolas de ensino fundamental publica (EPU) e privada (EPR) de Atibaia-SP. Analise por frequencia, teste exato de Fisher e Kruskall Wallis com IC 95%. Resultados: Da amostra 48,6% estuda em EPR, 54,6% sexo feminino, de 12-15 anos 77% e de 16-18 33%. Apresentam % maior de absenteismo os com dor (p

This in vivo study aimed to evaluate the performance of 2 fluorescence-based methods in detecting occlusal caries lesions in primary teeth, compared with the performance of visual inspection and radiographic methods, and to propose a mathematic correction of the diagnostic parameters due to the imperfect reference standard method used in the study. Two examiners assessed the occlusal surfaces of 407 primary teeth (62 children) using visual inspection (ICDAS), radiographic, DIAGNOdent pen (pen type laser fluorescence; LFpen), and fluorescence camera (FC) methods. At the noncavitated threshold (NC) the reference standard method was the results of ICDAS, and at the dentine caries threshold (D3) teeth diagnosed with dentine caries by ICDAS or radiographic methods were subjected to operative treatment to confirm the presence of lesion. Reproducibility, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the ROC curve were calculated for the methods at both thresholds. At the NC threshold, LFpen had a slightly better performance compared to the FC and radiographic methods. However, at the D3 threshold, both fluorescence-based methods performed similarly. Visual inspection and radiographic methods presented higher specificities but lower sensitivities than fluorescence methods. After corrections, there was a significant decrease in some parameters. In conclusion, both fluorescence-based methods presented similar performance in detecting occlusal dentine caries lesions in primary teeth, but they usually gave more false-positive results than did the visual and radiographic methods. The correction proposed shows that the performance of the methods can be overestimated, and the correction should be validated and considered in further studies that use an imprecise reference standard method.

Summary Background Fordyce granules are conventionally considered to be a developmental oral lesion with a higher incidence in men. Objective To report a clinical case of surgical lip Fordyce granule excision in a 19-year-old male. Methods Fordyce granules were excised using a high-power diode laser (gallium arsenide [GaAs], Diode Vision®, MDL, 10 Dental Laser Unit, GmbH, Lower Saxony, Germany) with wavelength emission at 980 ± 10 nm, in a continuous wave mode, pulse width of 0.5 μs, fiber optic delivery system of 400 μm in diameter, at 2.5 W. Subsequently, low-intensity laser therapy was applied (gallium-aluminum-arsenide [GaAlAs], at 670 nm, 50 mW, at 4 J/cm2; Dentoflex®, Sao Paulo, Brazil] in order to stimulate a faster wound tissue–healing process and less postoperative pain and inflammation. Conclusion The excellent esthetic result demonstrated the effectiveness of both high- and low-intensity laser therapy on the excision of Fordyce granules.

This case report describes the esthetic dental treatment of a patient with Cohen syndrome where microabrasion was used to treat dental fluorosis. The patient's teeth had white and light yellow spots, which were diagnosed as moderate dental fluorosis. These spots were treated with microabrasion using pumice paste and 37% phosphoric acid. The paste was applied with a rubber cup on a low-speed handpiece and manually using a wooden stick. It took four appointments to treat all of the patient's teeth. Topical neutral fluoride was applied after each appointment to decrease any dental sensitivity. The esthetic result was satisfactory. Esthetic dental treatment may result in positive emotional and behavioral changes in patients with special needs.

Alterações bucais; Recém-nascidos; Bebês.

Objective It is recognized that cystic fibrosis (CF) patients present a risk for oral diseases, since it affects exocrine glands, and the treatment consists of a carbohydrate-rich diet. Recognizing the protective function of saliva on maintaining oral health, the aim of the study was to evaluate salivary parameters in stimulated whole saliva from children with CF. Methods A case-control study was conducted comparing stimulated whole saliva of healthy ( n = 28; control group) and CF children ( n = 21; experimental group). Salivary flow rate, initial pH, buffer capacity (total and in each range of pH), total protein and sialic acid (total, free, and conjugated) concentration, α-amylase and salivary peroxidase activities were evaluated. Data were compared by two-tailed Student t test (95% CI; p ≤ 0.05). Results CF patients presented a significant reduction in salivary parameters compared with the control group ( p ≤ 0.05): salivary flow rate (36%), buffer capacity (pH range from 6.9 to 6.0), sialic acid concentration (total 75%, free 61%, and conjugated 83%); α-amylase and salivary peroxidase activities (55%). Additionally, a significant increase in total protein concentration (180%) of stimulated whole saliva from CF patients was verified compared with the control group ( p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Children with CF presented significant changes in salivary composition, including salivary flow rate, buffering capacity and protective proteins of the oral cavity, compared with children without CF.

The aim of this study was to compare different bacterial models for in vitro induction of non-cavitated enamel caries-like lesions by microhardness and polarized light microscopy analyses. One hundred blocks of bovine enamel were randomly divided into four groups (n = 25) according to the bacterial model for caries induction: (A) Streptococcus mutans, (B) S. mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, (C) S. mutans and L. casei, and (D) S. mutans, L. acidophilus, and L. casei. Within each group, the blocks were randomly divided into five subgroups according to the duration of the period of caries induction (4-20 days). The enamel blocks were immersed in cariogenic solution containing the microorganisms, which was changed every 48 h. Groups C and D presented lower surface hardness values (SMH) and higher area of hardness loss (ΔS) after the cariogenic challenge than groups A and B (P 0.05). As regards lesion depth, under polarized light microscopy, group A presented significantly lower values, and groups C and D the highest values. Group B showed a higher value than group A (P 0.05). Groups A and B exhibited subsurface caries lesions after all treatment durations, while groups C and D presented erosion-type lesions with surface softening. The model using S. mutans, whether or not it was associated with L. acidophilus, was less aggressive and may be used for the induction of non-cavitated enamel caries-like lesions. The optimal period for inducing caries-like lesions was 8 days.

Aim: To investigate the association between prolonged pacifier use during childhood and smoking in adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: A historical cohort study including patients from a dental private office was designed. Dental records were used, which contained complete data about sucking habits from 314 children (2-10 years of age) who had attended a private dental office from 1988 to 1994 in Ibiá, Brazil. Then, we collected data about the smoking habits from 261 subjects who were successfully contacted again from 2004 to 2006. Our outcome variable was smoking, and subjects who had smoked more than 100 cigarettes during their lifetime were classified as smokers. Poisson regression analysis matched the association between oral habits and smoking. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: We observed a statistically significant association between prolonged pacifier use (more than 24 months) and smoking (IRR = 4.48; 95% CI 2.32-8.65). Breastfeeding, in contrast, was a protective factor (IRR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.42-0.96). Conclusions: Prolonged pacifier use during childhood is positively associated with smoking initiation in adolescence and early adulthood.

The purpose of this in vitro study is to assess the bond strength of three different posts used to restore primary anterior teeth. These posts were made by composite resin, 0.7mm alpha-shaped orthodontic wire and dentin posts. Thirty roots of extracted primary anterior teeth, with initial physiological resorption, were mounted in a container filled with self cured resin and were endodontically treated. Thirty posts were prepared using three different materials: 10 composite resin posts (Z100), 10 alpha-shaped orthodontic wire and 10 dentin posts. A bulk of composite resin (Z100) was made over the posts using a circular Teflon bisected strip. The specimens were stored in 37°C water solution for 24 hours before tensile bond strength tests in 0,5mm/min speed were performed (Instron model 4442 test machine- Instron Corporation). The results were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test and there were no significant statistical differences among the three types of posts assessed (p=0.8666). The dentin posts technique might be considered an alternative for rehabilitation in pediatric dentistry. because of the possibility of natural resorption.

Ansiedade; Odontopediatria; Pressão arterial

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effectiveness of laser fluorescence for monitoring in vitro remineralization of caries lesions. Seventeen natural enamel lesions in primary molars were each cut into two parts. One part was exposed, at room temperature, to a remineralizing solution (experimental) and the other part to water (control) for 28 days. Laser fluorescence readings were taken at the beginning of the experiment and during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, lesion depth in the experimental halves was significantly less than in the control halves (p < 0.01), suggesting that remineralization had occurred. However, the laser fluorescence readings showed no statistically significant changes during the experiment, either in the experimental or control halves. We conclude that laser fluorescence was not able to detect in vitro remineralization of natural incipient caries lesions of primary teeth.

Farmacologia, Preparações farmacêuticas, Odontologia

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, a strong behavior change regarding the control of cross infection during dental treatment was perceived, except among some orthodontists who insist in the misconception that Orthodontics is a specialty of low risk in the transmission of infectious and contagious diseases. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the methods used by orthodontists for disinfection of pliers in their daily practice. METHODS: The bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus salivarius were inoculated in vitro in 30 orthodontic pliers. The pliers were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) and disinfected in different ways. Group 1: Brush, soap and water; Group 2: Cotton soaked in ethyl alcohol 70%; Group 3: Immersion in a solution of 2% glutaraldehyde for 30 minutes and then rinsed with water. RESULTS: The results showed that the ethyl alcohol 70% (Group 2) kept 20% of the pliers infected, being more efficient than the soap and water (Group 1), which maintained 60% of contaminated pliers. Only immersion in 2% glutaraldehyde was able to decontaminate all pliers and was statistically superior to the aforementioned methods (p = 0.030). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we concluded that among the tested methods, disinfection of orthodontic pliers with 2% glutaraldehyde is the only efficient method.

The use of high-power lasers has facilitated and improved human papillomavirus (HPV) treatment protocols and has also become very popular in recent years. This application has been more frequently used in hospitals, especially in gynecology. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-power diode laser to remove oral lesions caused by HPV and the consequent effects on virus load following the wound tissue healing process compared with one of the most conventional surgical techniques involving electrocautery. Surgeries were performed on 5 patients who had 2 distinct lesions caused by HPV. All patients were submitted to both electrocautery and high-power diode laser. Following a 20-day period, when the area was healed, sample material was collected through curettage for virus load quantitative analysis.Observation verified the presence of virus in all the samples; however, surgeries performed with the laser also revealed a significant reduction in virus load per cell compared with those performed with electrocautery. The ease when handling the diode laser, because of the flexibility of its fibers and precision of its energy delivery system, provides high-accuracy surgery, which facilitates the treatment of large and/or multifocal lesions. The use of high-power diode laser is more effective in treatment protocols of lesions caused by HPV.

Objective: The effects of laser-induced compositional changes on the enamel were investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (μ-EDX). After cariogenic challenge, we administered treatment of low-level infrared diode laser and a photo-absorbing cream (used to intensify the superficial light absorption). Background Data: Dental caries is considered the most prevalent oral disease. A simple and noninvasive caries preventive regimen is treating tooth enamel with a laser, either alone or in combination with fluoride, which reduces enamel solubility and dissolution rates. High power lasers are still not widely used in private practice. Low-power near-infrared lasers may be an alternative approach. Energy-dispersive μ-EDX is a versatile and nondestructive spectroscopic technique that allows for a qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of inorganic enamel components, such as calcium and phosphorus. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four extracted or exfoliated caries-free deciduous molars were divided into six groups: 1) control group (CTR-no treatment); 2) infrared laser treatment (L) (λ = 810 nm, 100 mW/cm2, 90 sec, 4.47 J/cm2, 9 J); 3) infrared laser irradiation and photo-absorbing agent (CL); 4) photo-absorbing agent alone (C); 5) infrared laser irradiation and fluoridated photo-absorbing agent (FCL); and 6) fluoridated photo-absorbing agent alone (FC). Samples were analyzed using μ-EDX after two sets of treatments and pH cycling cariogenic challenges. Results: The CL group showed statistically significant increases in calcium and phosphorus (wt%) compared with the CTR group. The Ca/P ratio was similar in the FCL and CTR groups. There was a significant laser-induced reduction compared with the CTR group, and there was a possible modification of the organic balance content in enamel treated with laser and cream. Conclusion: μ-EDX may be able to detect compositional changes in mineral phases of lased enamel under cariogenic challenge. Our results suggest that with a combined laser and photo-absorbing agent (CL) treatment, there was a possible disorganization of organic content in the tooth enamel with hydroxyapatite crystal reordering and reorganization.

Objective: The aim of this FT-Raman study was to investigate laser-induced compositional changes in enamel after therapy with a low-level infrared diode laser and a photoabsorbing cream, in order to intensify the superficial light absorption before and after cariogenic challenge. Background Data: Dental caries remains the most prevalent disease during childhood and adolescence. Preventive modalities include the use of fluoride, reduction of dietary cariogenic refined carbohydrates, plaque removal and oral hygiene techniques, and antimicrobial prescriptions. A relatively simple and noninvasive caries preventive regimen is treating tooth enamel with laser irradiation, either alone or in combination with topical fluoride treatment, resulting in reduced enamel solubility and dissolution rates. Due to their high cost, high-powered lasers are still not widely employed in private practice in developing countries. Thus, low-power red and near-infrared lasers appear to be an appealing alternative. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four extracted or exfoliated caries-free deciduous molars were divided into six groups: control group (no treatment; n = 8); infrared laser treatment (L; n = 8) (810 nm at 100 mW/cm2 for 90 sec); infrared diode laser irradiation (810 nm at 100 mW/cm2 for 90 sec) and photoabsorbing cream (IVL; n = 8); photoabsorbing cream alone (IV; n = 8); infrared diode laser irradiation (810 nm at 100 mW/cm2 for 90 sec) and fluorinated photoabsorbing agent (IVLF; n = 8); and fluorinated photoabsorbing agent alone (IVF; n = 8). Samples were analyzed using FT-Raman spectroscopy before and after pH cycling cariogenic challenge. Results: There was a significant laser-induced reduction and possible modification of the organic matrix content in enamel treated with the low-level diode laser (the L, IVL, and IVFL groups). Conclusion: The FT-Raman technique may be suitable for detecting compositional and structural changes occurring in mineral phases and organic phases of lased enamel under cariogenic challenge.