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1. Photon-counting spectral phase-contrast mammography

Author

Fredenberg, E., Roessl, E., Koehler, T., van Stevendaal, U., Schulze-Wenck, I., Wieberneit, N., Stampanoni, M., Wang, Z., Kubik-Huch, R. A., Hauser, N., Lundqvist, M., Danielsson, M., and Aslund, M.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

Phase-contrast imaging is an emerging technology that may increase the signal-difference-to-noise ratio in medical imaging. One of the most promising phase-contrast techniques is Talbot interferometry, which, combined with energy-sensitive photon-counting detectors, enables spectral differential phase-contrast mammography. We have evaluated a realistic system based on this technique by cascaded-systems analysis and with a task-dependent ideal-observer detectability index as a figure-of-merit. Beam-propagation simulations were used for validation and illustration of the analytical framework. Differential phase contrast improved detectability compared to absorption contrast, in particular for fine tumor structures. This result was supported by images of human mastectomy samples that were acquired with a conventional detector. The optimal incident energy was higher in differential phase contrast than in absorption contrast when disregarding the setup design energy. Further, optimal weighting of the transmitted spectrum was found to have a weaker energy dependence than for absorption contrast. Taking the design energy into account yielded a superimposed maximum on both detectability as a function of incident energy, and on optimal weighting. Spectral material decomposition was not facilitated by phase contrast, but phase information may be used instead of spectral information.

Published
2021
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2. Study of capillary-based gaseous detectors

Author

Iacobaeus, C., Francke, T., Danielsson, M., Ostling, J., and Peskov, V.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We have studied gain vs. voltage characteristics and position resolutions of multistep capillary plates (two or three capillary plates operating in a cascade), as well as capillary plates operating in a mode when the main amplification occurs between plates or between the capillary plate and the readout plate (parallel plate amplification mode). Results of these studies demonstrated that in the parallel-plate amplification mode one can reach both high gains (>100000) and good position resolutions (~100 micro meter) even with a single step arrangement. It offers a compact amplification structure, which can be used in many applications. For example, in preliminary tests we succeeded to combine it with a photocathode and use it as a position sensitive gaseous photomultiplier. CsI coated capillary plates could also be used as a high position resolution and high rate X-ray converter., Comment: Presented at the NSS IEEE 2003 conference in Portland, submitted to TNS

Published
2004
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3. Sporadic electron jets from cathodes - The main breakdown-triggering mechanism in gaseous detectors

Author

Iacobaeus, C., Danielsson, M., Fonte, P., Francke, T., Ostling, J., and Peskov, V.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

We have demonstrated experimentally that the main breakdown-triggering mechanism in most gaseous detectors, including micropattern gaseous detectors, is sporadic electron jets from the cathode surfaces. Depending on conditions, each jet contains randomly from a few primary electrons up to 10^5, emitted in a time interval ranging between 0.1 microsecond to milliseconds. After the emission, these primary electrons experience a full gas multiplication in the detector and create spurious pulses. The rate of these jets increases with applied voltage and very sharply at voltages close to the breakdown limit. We found that these jets are in our measurements responsible for the breakdown-triggering at any counting rate between 10^(-2) Hz/mm^2 and 10^8 Hz/mm^2. We demonstrated on a few detectors that an optimized cathode-geometry, a high electrode surface quality and a proper choice of the gas mixture, considerably improve the performance characteristics and provide the highest possible gains., Comment: 6 pages, 10 figures, Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

Published
2001
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4. Fundamentals of Gas Micropattern Detectors

Author

Peskov, V., Fonte, P., Danielsson, M., Iacobaeus, C., Ostling, J., and Wallmark, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We performed a new series of systematic studies of gain and rate characteristics of several micropattern gaseous detectors. Extending earlier studies, these measurements were done at various pressures, gas mixtures, at a wide range of primary charges and also when the whole area of the detectors was irradiated with a high intensity x-ray beam. Several new effects were discovered, common to all tested detectors, which define fundamental limits of operation. The results of these studies allow us to identify several concrete ways of improving the performance of micropattern detectors and to suggest that in some applications RPCs may constitute a valid alternative. Being protected from damaging discharges by the resistive electrodes, these detectors feature high gain, high rate capability (10^5 Hz/mm^2), good position resolution (better than 30 micrometer) and excellent timing (50 ps sigma)., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures

Published
2001

5. Analyzer-free hard x-ray interferometry.

Author

Bertilson, M, von Hofsten, O, Maltz, J S, Taphorn, K, Herzen, J, and Danielsson, M

Subjects
INTERFEROMETRY, THEORY of wave motion, SMALL-angle scattering, IMAGING systems, X-ray scattering, RADIATION exposure, X-ray imaging, PHASE-shifting interferometry, HARD X-rays
Abstract

Objective. To enable practical interferometry-based phase contrast CT using standard incoherent x-ray sources, we propose an imaging system where the analyzer grating is replaced by a high-resolution detector. Since there is no need to perform multiple exposures (with the analyzer grating at different positions) at each scan angle, this scheme is compatible with continuous-rotation CT apparatus, and has the potential to reduce patient radiation dose and patient motion artifacts. Approach. Grating-based x-ray interferometry is a well-studied technique for imaging soft tissues and highly scattering objects embedded in such tissues. In addition to the traditional x-ray absorption-based image, this technique allows reconstruction of the object phase and small-angle scattering information. When using conventional incoherent, polychromatic, hard x-ray tubes as sources, three gratings are usually employed. To sufficiently resolve the pattern generated in these interferometers with contemporary x-ray detectors, an analyzer grating is used, and consequently multiple images need to be acquired for each view angle. This adds complexity to the imaging system, slows image acquisition and thus increases sensitivity to patient motion, and is not dose efficient. By simulating image formation based on wave propagation, and proposing a novel phase retrieval algorithm based on a virtual grating, we assess the potential of a analyzer-grating-free system to overcome these limitations. Main results. We demonstrate that the removal of the analyzer-grating can produce equal image contrast-to-noise ratio at reduced dose (by a factor of 5), without prolonging scan duration. Significance. By demonstrating that an analyzer-free CT system, in conjuction with an efficient phase retrieval algorithm, can overcome the prohibitive dose and workflow penalties associated grating-stepping, an alternative path towards realizing clinical inteferometric CT appears possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Predicting rock fragmentation based on drill monitoring: A case study from Malmberget mine, Sweden

Author

Manzoor, Sohail, Danielsson, M., Söderström, E., Schunnesson, Håkan, Gustafson, Anna, Fredriksson, H., Johansson, Daniel, Manzoor, Sohail, Danielsson, M., Söderström, E., Schunnesson, Håkan, Gustafson, Anna, Fredriksson, H., and Johansson, Daniel

Abstract

Fragmentation analysis is an essential part of the optimization process in any mining operation. The costs of loading, hauling, and crushing the rock are strongly influenced by the size distribution of the blasted rock. Several direct and indirect methods are used to analyse or predict fragmentation, but none is entirely applicable to fragmentation assessment in sublevel caving mines, mainly because of the limitations imposed by the underground environment and the lack of all the required data to adequately describe the rock mass. Over the past few years, measurement while drilling (MWD) data has emerged as a potential tool to provide more information about the in-situ rock mass. This research investigated if MWD can be used to predict rock fragmentation in sublevel caving. The MWD data obtained from a sublevel caving mine in northern Sweden were used to find the relationship between rock fragmentation and the nature of the rock mass. The loading operation of the mine was filmed for more than 12 months to capture images of loaded load-haul-dump (LHD) buckets. The blasted material in those buckets was classified into four categories based on the median particle size (X50). The results showed a strongercorrelation for fine and medium fragmented material with rock type (MWD data) than coarser material. The paper presents a model for prediction of fragmentation, which concludes that it is possible to use MWD data for fragmentation predict ion., Validerad;2022;Nivå 2;2022-04-07 (hanlid);Funder: Centre for Advanced Mining and Metallurgy (CAMM2), Luleå University of Technology

Published
2022
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10. Prevalence, duration of exposure and predicting factors for snus use among young Finnish men:a cross-sectional study

Author

Danielsson, M. (Maria), Tanner, T. (Tarja), Patinen, P. (Pertti), Birkhed, D. (Dowen), Anttonen, V. (Vuokko), Lammi, A. (Anelma), Siitonen, S. (Simo), Ollgren, J. (Jukka), Pylkkänen, L. (Liisa), and Vasankari, T. (Tuula)

Subjects
public health, substance misuse, oral medicine, epidemiology, preventive medicine
Abstract

Objective: The health hazards of tobacco products depend on the level of exposure, but little is known about the characteristics of snus use. The aim of this study was to investigate the duration of daily exposure to snus among occasional and daily users and its associated predictive factors among young Finnish men. Design: Cross-sectional questionnaire study. Setting: Three out of 16 Finnish Defence Forces units. Participants: 1280 young Finnish male conscripts starting their military service in 2016 chosen by simple random sampling. Primary and secondary measures: The prevalence, duration of use and the amount of daily usage of snus and cigarettes were investigated. The attitudes towards perceived harmfulness of snus and the predictive factors affecting the total time of snus consumption were examined. Results: Almost a fifth (19.5%) of the conscripts reported daily snus use, and a further 16% reported occasional use. Daily snus use was associated with an earlier starting age, longer duration of use and higher daily exposure time compared with occasional use. On average, daily snus users consumed 10 portions and occasional users three portions per day (p

Published
2021

11. A polygenic risk score predicts mosaic loss of chromosome Y in circulating blood cells.

Author

Riaz, M, Mattisson, J, Polekhina, G, Bakshi, A, Halvardson, J, Danielsson, M, Ameur, A, McNeil, J, Forsberg, LA, Lacaze, P, Riaz, M, Mattisson, J, Polekhina, G, Bakshi, A, Halvardson, J, Danielsson, M, Ameur, A, McNeil, J, Forsberg, LA, and Lacaze, P

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mosaic loss of Y chromosome (LOY) is the most common somatic change that occurs in circulating white blood cells of older men. LOY in leukocytes is associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality and a range of common disease such as hematological and non-hematological cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular events. Recent genome-wide association studies identified up to 156 germline variants associated with risk of LOY. The objective of this study was to use these variants to calculate a novel polygenic risk score (PRS) for LOY, and to assess the predictive performance of this score in a large independent population of older men. RESULTS: We calculated a PRS for LOY in 5131 men aged 70 years and older. Levels of LOY were estimated using microarrays and validated by whole genome sequencing. After adjusting for covariates, the PRS was a significant predictor of LOY (odds ratio [OR] = 1.74 per standard deviation of the PRS, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.62-1.86, p < 0.001). Men in the highest quintile of the PRS distribution had > fivefold higher risk of LOY than the lowest (OR = 5.05, 95% CI 4.05-6.32, p < 0.001). Adding the PRS to a LOY prediction model comprised of age, smoking and alcohol consumption significantly improved prediction (AUC = 0.628 [CI 0.61-0.64] to 0.695 [CI 0.67-0.71], p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that a PRS for LOY could become a useful tool for risk prediction and targeted intervention for common disease in men.

Published
2021

13. Robustness of optimal energy thresholds in photon-counting spectral CT

Author

Zheng, Y, Zheng, Y, Yveborg, M, Grönberg, F, Xu, C, Su, Q, Danielsson, M, Persson, M, Zheng, Y, Zheng, Y, Yveborg, M, Grönberg, F, Xu, C, Su, Q, Danielsson, M, and Persson, M

Abstract

An important question when developing photon-counting detectors for computed tomography is how to select energy thresholds. In this work thresholds are optimized by maximizing signal-difference-to-noise ratio squared (SDNR2) in an optimally weighted image and signal-to-noise ratio squared (SNR2) in a gadolinium basis image in a silicon-strip detector and a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector, factoring in pileup and imperfect energy response based on real-world detector systems. To investigate to what extent one single set of thresholds could be applied in various imaging tasks, the robustness of optimal thresholds with 2 to 8 bins is examined with the variation of phantom thicknesses, target materials and detector configurations. In contrast to previous studies, the optimal threshold locations do not always increase with increasing attenuation if pileup is included. With respect to the tradeoff between higher SDNR2 or SNR2 and less data, setting optimal thresholds for a 30 cm phantom yields robust SDNR2 and setting optimal thresholds for a 50 cm phantom yields robust SNR2 with 6 to 8 bins in the silicon-strip detector. Furthermore, setting optimal thresholds for a 30 cm phantom yields robust SDNR2 or SNR2 with 6 to 8 bins and a pixel size less than or equal to 0.5 × 0.5 mm2 in the CZT detector.

Published
2020

14. Study of hole-type gas multiplication structures for portal imaging and other high count rate applications

Author

Ostling, J., Brahme, A., Danielsson, M., Francke, T., Iacobaeus, C., and Peskov, V.

Subjects
Gas dynamics -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We performed studies in the operation of various hole-type gaseous multiplication structures (GEM, capillary plates, and others) at very high fluxes of X-rays ( Index Terms--Camillary plates, GEM, high counting rate, portal imaging.

Published
2003

15. Sporadic electron jets from cathodes--the main breakdown-triggering mechanism in gaseous detectors

Author

Iacobaeus, C., Danielsson, M., Fonte, P., Francke, T., Ostling, J., and Peskov, V.

Subjects
Cathodes -- Analysis, Plasma (Ionized gases) -- Analysis, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We have demonstrated experimentally that the main breakdown-triggering mechanism in most gaseous detectors, including micropattern gaseous detectors, is sporadic electron jets from the cathode surfaces. Depending on the counting rate and applied voltages, each jet contains randomly from a few primary electrons up to [10.sup.5], emitted in a time interval ranging between 0.1 [micro]s to milliseconds. After the emission, these primary electrons experience a full gas multiplication in the detector and create spurious pulses. The rate of these jets increases with applied voltage and very sharply at voltages close to the breakdown limit. In our measurements, we found that these jets are responsible for the breakdown-triggering at any counting rate between [10.sup.-2] Hz/[mm.sup.2] and [10.sup.8] Hz/[mm.sup.2]. We demonstrated on a few detectors that an optimized cathode-geometry, a high electrode surface quality, and a proper choice of the gas mixture considerably improve the performance characteristics and provide the highest possible gains. Results from this work were helpful in the construction of high-performance gaseous detectors for medical imaging applications. Index Terms--Breakdown, gaseous detectors, GEM, RPC.

Published
2002

16. Pion correlations and resonance effects in $$\bar pp$$ annihilation at rest to 2π+2π-π0

Author

Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M. B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Farave, L., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Garnet, R., Gerber, H. -J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P. J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R. W., JonAnd, K., Kettle, P. -R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandic, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuz, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B. L., Ruf, T., Sakeliou, L., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L. A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C. W. E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Zavrtanik, D., Zimmerman, D., Locher, M. P., Markushin, V. E., and CPLEAR Collaboration

Published
1999
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17. Direct determination of two-pion correlations for pp→ 2π+2π− annihilation at rest

Author

Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Carvalho, J., Cawley, E., Charalambous, S., Chardin, G., Chertok, M. B., Cody, A., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Evangelou, I., Faravel, L., Ferreira-Marques, R., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Garreta, D., Gerber, H. -J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P. J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R. W., Hubert, E., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P. -R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Liolios, A., Locher, M. P., Machado, E., Mandić, I, Manthos, N., Marel, G., Markushin, V. E., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Pinto da Cunha, J., Policarpo, A., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B. L., Ruf, T., Sakeliou, L., Sanders, P., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L. A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Soares, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Triantis, F., Van Beveren, E., Van Eijk, C. W. E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Yeche, C., Zavrtanik, D., Zimmerman, D., and CPLEAR Collaboration

Published
1998
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19. High-resolution X-ray imaging using a silicon strip detector

Author

Beuville, E., Cahn, R., Cederstrom, B., Danielsson, M., Hall, A., Hasegawa, B., Luo, L., Lundqvist, M., Nygren, D., Oltman, E., and Walton, J.

Subjects
Imaging systems -- Research, X-rays -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

We are presenting the first images and an initial evaluation of a scanned-slot X-ray imaging system based on edge-on silicon strip detectors and high-speed low-noise parallel processing ASICs. We have demonstrated noiseless single photon counting above a minimal threshold of 7.2 keV. Edge scans show negligible cross talk between different channels in the ASIC. The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) has been measured and found to agree with the ideal MTF for 100 [[micro]meter] pixel size. The first images are obtained at very low exposures and show the high performance of the system. We also present a way of enhancing the X-ray flux to a slot by using a refractive X-ray lens. We believe this focusing device will significantly enhance the potential for scanned-slot X-ray imaging.

Published
1998

20. Measurement ofCP violation parameters and test ofCPT invariance with $$\overline {K^0 } $$ and K0 at LEARand K0 at LEAR

Author

Adler, R., Alhalel, T., Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bee, C. P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Bula, Ch., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Carvalho, J., Cawley, E., Charalambous, S., Chardalas, M., Chardin, G., Chertok, M. B., Cody, A., Danielsson, M., Dedoussis, S., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Duclos, J., Ealet, A., Eckart, B., Eleftheriadis, C., Evangelou, I., Faravel, L., Fassnacht, P., Faure, J. L., Felder, C., Ferreira-Marques, R., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Garreta, D., Gerber, H. -J., Go, A., Guyot, C., Haselden, A., Hayman, P. J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R. W., Hubert, E., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P. -R., Kochowski, C., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Liolios, A., Machado, E., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuz, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Nakada, T., Onofre, A., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Pinto da Cunha, J., Policarpo, A., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B. L., Rozaki, E., Ruf, T., Sakeliou, L., Sanders, P., Santoni, C., Sarigiannis, K., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L. A., Schopper, A., Schune, P., Soares, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Triantis, F., Van Beveren, E., Van Eijk, C. W. E., Varner, G., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Yèche, C., Zavrtanik, D., Zimmerman, D., and CPLEAR Collaboration

Published
1996
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21. Inclusive measurement of $$\bar p$$ annihilation at rest in gaseous hydrogen to final states containingρ andf 2

Author

Adler, R., Alhalel, T., Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bee, C. P., Behnke, O., Bennet, J., Bertin, V., Bienlein, J. K., Bloch, P., Bula, Ch., Carlson, P., Carvalho, J., Cawley, E., Charalambous, S., Chardalas, M., Chardin, G., Chertok, M. B., Danielsson, M., Cody, A., Dedoussis, S., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Dodgson, M., Dousse, J. C., Duclos, J., Ealet, A., Eckart, B., Eleftheriadis, C., Evangelou, I., Faravel, L., Fassnacht, P., Faure, J. L., Felder, C., Ferreira-Marques, R., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Fuglesang, C., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Garreta, D., Geralis, T., Gerber, H. -J., Go, A., Gumplinger, P., Guyot, C., Harrisch, P. F., Haselden, A., Hayman, P. J., Henry-Couannier, F., Heyes, W. G., Hollander, R. W., Jansson, K., Johner, H. U., Jon-And, K., Kerek, A., Kern, J., Kettle, P. R., Kochowski, C., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Lawry, T., Le Gac, R., Liolios, A., Machado, E., Maley, P., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Nakada, T., Onofre, A., Pagels, B., Pavlopoulos, P., Pelucchi, F., Pinto da Cunha, J., Policarpo, A., Polivka, G., Postma, H., Richkenbach, R., Roberts, B. L., Rozaki, E., Ruf, T., Sacks, L., Sakeliou, L., Sanders, P., Santoni, C., Sarigiannis, K., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L. A., Schopper, A., Schune, P., Soares, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Triantis, F., Tröster, D. A., Van Beveren, E., Van Eijk, C. W. E., Varner, G., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Witzig, C., Wolter, M., Yeche, C., Zavrtanik, D., Zimmerman, D., and CPLEAR Collaboration

Published
1995
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22. Bose-Einstein correlations in $$\bar p$$ p annihilations at rest

Author

Adler, R., Alhalel, T., Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bee, C. P., Behnke, O., Bennet, J., Bertin, V., Bienlein, J. K., Bloch, P., Bula, Ch., Carlson, P., Carvalho, J., Cawley, E., Charalambous, S., Chardalas, M., Chardin, G., Chertok, M. B., Danielsson, M., Cody, A., Dedoussis, S., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Dodgson, M., Dousse, J. C., Duclos, J., Ealet, A., Eckart, B., Eleftheriadis, C., Evangelou, I., Faravel, L., Fassnacht, P., Faure, J. L., Felder, C., Ferreira-Marques, R., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Fuglesang, C., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Garreta, D., Geralis, T., Gerber, H. -J., Go, A., Gumplinger, P., Guyot, C., Harrison, P. F., Haselden, A., Hayman, P. J., Henry-Couannier, F., Heyes, W. G., Hollander, R. W., Jansson, K., Johner, H. U., Jon-And, K., Kerek, A., Kern, J., Kettle, P. R., Kochowski, C., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Lawry, T., Le Gac, R., Liolios, A., Machado, E., Maley, P., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Nakada, T., Onofre, A., Pagels, B., Pavlopoulos, P., Pelucchi, F., Pinto da Cunha, J., Policarpo, A., Polivka, G., Postma, H., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B. L., Rozaki, E., Ruf, T., Sacks, L., Sakeliou, L., Sanders, P., Santoni, C., Sarigiannis, K., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L. A., Schopper, A., Schune, P., Soares, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Triantis, F., Troster, D. A., Van Beveren, E., Van Eijk, C. W. E., Varner, G., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Witzig, C., Wolter, M., Yeche, C., Zavrtanik, D., Zimmerman, D., and CPLEAR Collaboration

Published
1994
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27. Physics at CPLEAR

Author

Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Bee, C.P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Ferreira-Marques, R., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Policarpo, A., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Ruf, T., Sakeliou, L., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Yèche, C., Zavrtanik, D., and Zimmerman, D.

Published
2003
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31. Measurement of the energy dependence of the form factor f+ in K 0e3 decay

Author

Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Ruf, T., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Zavrtanik, D., and Zimmerman, D.

Published
2000
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32. The Impact of Segregation Effects on Fragmentation Measurements in LHD Buckets.

Author

Danielsson, M., Johansson, D., and Schunnesson, H.

Subjects
FRAGMENTATION reactions, LOADERS (Machines), CAVING, MINERAL industries
Abstract

Segregation effects are one of the most recurrent problems associated with image-based methods for fragmentation measurement. The assumption that the visible portion of a rock sample is representative for the hidden material underneath is frequently debated. However, no extensive assessment has been conducted to date in which the errors are characterized and quantified. This paper outlines the results from a large-scale field test where segregation effects have been extensively monitored for Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) buckets and drawpoints in a sublevel caving (SLC) mine. Roughly 1000 dumping sequences and almost 1000 loading sequences have been visually analysed combined with image-based fragmentation classification of roughly 10 000 buckets from 4 different ore bodies. Complex interaction between particle flow behaviour and loading dynamics at the drawpoint was found to systematically bias the image-based particle size distributions. 72% of the buckets with a high amount of visible fines were classified as notably segregated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

33. Dissociative recombination study of N3+: Cross section and branching fraction measurements.

Author

Zhaunerchyk, V., Geppert, W. D., Vigren, E., Hamberg, M., Danielsson, M., Larsson, M., Thomas, R. D., Kaminska, M., and Österdahl, F.

Subjects
CATIONS, BRANCHING processes, STOCHASTIC processes, ATMOSPHERIC pressure, NITROGEN
Abstract

We report an investigation into the dissociative recombination of the azide radical cation, N3+. The reaction rate constant has been measured to be 6.47×10-7 cm3 s-1 at room temperature. This value is smaller than those reported earlier for the ion-electron neutralization of N3+ at nitrogen atmospheric pressure. A strong propensity to dissociate through the N2+N channel has been observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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34. Contribution of CPLEAR to the physics of the neutral-kaon system

Author

Weber, Peter, Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C.A., Faravel, L., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandic, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuz, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Ruf, T., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Zavrtanik, D., and Zimmerman, D.

Published
1999
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35. Pion correlations and resonance effects in [formula omitted] annihilation at rest

Author

Weber, Peter, Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C.A., Faravel, L., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandic, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Ruf, T., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Zavrtanik, D., Zimmerman, D., Locher, M.P., and Markushin, V.E.

Published
1999
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36. K 0– [formula omitted] mass and decay-width differences: CPLEAR evaluation

Author

Angelopoulos, A., Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Ruf, T., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Zavrtanik, D., and Zimmerman, D.

Published
1999
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37. A determination of the CP violation parameter η+− from the decay of strangeness-tagged neutral kaons

Author

Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Ruf, T., Sakeliou, L., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Yeche, C., Zavrtanik, D., and Zimmerman, D.

Published
1999
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38. Determination of the T- and CPT-violation parameters in the neutral-kaon system using the Bell–Steinberger relation and data from CPLEAR

Author

Apostolakis, A., Aslanides, E., Backenstoss, G., Bargassa, P., Behnke, O., Benelli, A., Bertin, V., Blanc, F., Bloch, P., Carlson, P., Carroll, M., Cawley, E., Chertok, M.B., Danielsson, M., Dejardin, M., Derre, J., Ealet, A., Eleftheriadis, C., Fetscher, W., Fidecaro, M., Filipčič, A., Francis, D., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., Gerber, H.-J., Go, A., Haselden, A., Hayman, P.J., Henry-Couannier, F., Hollander, R.W., Jon-And, K., Kettle, P.-R., Kokkas, P., Kreuger, R., Le Gac, R., Leimgruber, F., Mandić, I., Manthos, N., Marel, G., Mikuž, M., Miller, J., Montanet, F., Muller, A., Nakada, T., Pagels, B., Papadopoulos, I., Pavlopoulos, P., Polivka, G., Rickenbach, R., Roberts, B.L., Sakeliou, L., Ruf, T., Schäfer, M., Schaller, L.A., Schietinger, T., Schopper, A., Tauscher, L., Thibault, C., Touchard, F., Touramanis, C., Van Eijk, C.W.E., Vlachos, S., Weber, P., Wigger, O., Wolter, M., Zavrtanik, D., and Zimmerman, D.

Published
1999
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39. Tests of the Equivalence Principle with neutral kaons

Author

Apostolakis, A, Aslanides, E, Backenstoss, G, Bargassa, P, Behnke, O, Benelli, A, Bertin, V, Blanc, F, Bloch, P, Carlson, P, Carroll, M, Cawley, E, Chardin, G, Chertok, M.B, Danielsson, M, Dejardin, M, Derre, J, Ealet, A, Eleftheriadis, C, Faravel, L, Fetscher, W, Fidecaro, M, Filipčič, A, Francis, D, Fry, J, Gabathuler, E, Gamet, R, Gerber, H.-J, Go, A, Haselden, A, Hayman, P.J, Henry-Couannier, F, Hollander, R.W, Jon-And, K, Kettle, P.-R, Kokkas, P, Kreuger, R, Le Gac, R, Leimgruber, F, Mandić, I, Manthos, N, Marel, G, Mikuž, M, Miller, J, Montanet, F, Muller, A, Nakada, T, Pagels, B, Papadopoulos, I, Pavlopoulos, P, Polivka, G, Rickenbach, R, Roberts, B.L, Ruf, T, Sakeliou, L, Schäfer, M, Schaller, L.A, Schietinger, T, Schopper, A, Tauscher, L, Thibault, C, Touchard, F, Touramanis, C, Van Eijk, C.W.E, Vlachos, S, Weber, P, Wigger, O, Wolter, M, Zavrtanik, D, Zimmerman, D, Ellis, John, Mavromatos, N.E, and Nanopoulos, D.V

Published
1999
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40. Predissociation effects in the A 2Δ and B 2Σ- states of CD.

Author

Danielsson, M., Erman, P., Hishikawa, A., Larsson, M., Rachlew-Källne, E., and Sundström, G.

Subjects
*DISSOCIATION (Chemistry), *MOLECULAR spectroscopy
Abstract

Lifetimes have been measured for a large number of rotational levels of the A 2Δ and B 2Σ- states in CD using the high frequency deflection technique. Four B-state levels are found to be influenced by predissociation by rotation which demands a lower value of the CD dissociation energy. The B state predissociations have also been studied using ab initio calculations. The A state levels above the dissociation limit are found to be weakly predissociated through interaction with the ground state continuum. The results are compared with earlier lifetime investigations of CH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1993
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41. Deduction of central plasma parameters from line-of-sight averaged spectroscopic observations.

Author

Zastrow, K.-D., Morsi, H. W., Danielsson, M., von Hellermann, M. G., Källne, E., König, R., Mandl, W., and Summers, H. P.

Subjects
HIGH temperature plasmas, X-ray spectra, IONS, TEMPERATURE
Abstract

Presents a study that discussed a method to deduce central ion temperature and toroidal rotation velocity from line-of-sight averaged x-ray spectra from hot plasmas. Features of a high-resolution x-ray crystal spectrometer; Analysis of the ion temperature profile; Comparison of the method with other diagnostic technique.

Published
1991
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42. Computer Simulations and Performance Measurements on a Silicon Strip Detector for Edge-On Imaging

Author

Lundqvist, M., Cederstrom, B., Chmill, V., Danielsson, M., and Nygren, D.

Subjects
Silicon diodes -- Usage, Detectors -- Analysis, Imaging systems -- Design and construction, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Silicon strip detectors to be used edge-on for imaging in a scanned slit geometry have been simulated. A software program was developed which can simulate the motion of free charges in the bulk detector and calculate the signals they induce on the electrodes. The purpose was to quantify the impact of charge sharing on system detective quantum efficiency (DQE). The energy spectrum that was used in this study is typical for mammography. The detectors are working in single photon counting mode and the optimal threshold level to discriminate noise from useful signals has been calculated. The loss in detective quantum efficiency due to charge sharing was found to be around 5% for a 100 [micro]m pitched detector. Coincidence circuits can be included in the electronics to eliminate this problem. Furthermore, it is described how the relationship between charge collection efficiency and photon interaction position in the detector can be measured.

Published
2000

43. Contribution of CPLEAR to the physics of the neutral-kaon system

Author

Pavlopoulos, P, Adler, R, Alhalel, T, Angelopoulos, Angelos, Apostolakis, Alcibiades J, Aslanides, Elie, Backenstoss, Gerhard, Bee, C P, Behnke, O, Benelli, A, Bertin, V, Blanc, F, Bloch, P, Carlson, P J, Carroll, M, Carvalho, J, Cawley, E, Charalambous, S, Chardin, G, Chertok, M B, Cody, A, Danielsson, M, Dejardin, M, Derré, J, Ealet, A, Eckart, B, Eleftheriadis, C, Evangelou, I, Faravel, L, Fassnacht, P, Felder, C, Ferreira-Marques, R, Fetscher, W, Fidecaro, Maria, Filipcic, A, Francis, D, Fry, J, Gabathuler, Erwin, Gamet, R, Garreta, D, Gerber, H J, Go, A, Guyot, C, Haselden, A, Hayman, P J, Henry-Coüannier, F, Hollander, R W, Hubert, E, Jon-And, K, Kettle, P R, Kochowski, Claude, Kokkas, P, Kreuger, R, Le Gac, R, Leimgruber, F, Liolios, A, Machado, E, Mandic, I, Manthos, N, Marel, Gérard, Mikuz, M, Miller, J, Montanet, François, Nakada, Tatsuya, Pagels, B, Papadopoulos, I M, Pinto da Cunha, J, Policarpo, Armando, Polivka, G, Rickenbach, R, Roberts, B L, Ruf, T, Sakelliou, L, Sanders, M P, Santoni, C, Schäfer, M, Schaller, L A, Schietinger, T, Schopper, A, Schune, P, Tauscher, Ludwig, Thibault, C, Touchard, F, Touramanis, C, Triantis, F A, Van Beveren, E, van Eijk, C W E, Vlachos, S, Weber, P, Wigger, O, Wolter, M, Yéche, C, Zavrtanik, D, and Zimmerman, D

Subjects
s mass difference, k-0, Physics, cp-violation, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, CPT symmetry, Direct method, semileptonic decays, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, violation parameter eta(+-), Nuclear physics, tagged (k)over-bar(0), CP violation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Limit (mathematics), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the results of the CPLEAR experiment on CP-, T-, and CPT-symmetries in the neutral kaon system. CP-violation parameters are given for the K-0, (K) over bar(0) --> 2 pi, 3 pi decay channels. For the first time, T-violation is measured by a direct method using semileptonic decays. The CPT symmetry is tested through the parameters Im(delta) with a precision of 10(-5) and Re(delta) with a precision of a few 10(-4). With these two measurements, the difference in mass and width of K-0 and (K) over bar(0) are bound to within 10(-18) GeV. In the limit of CPT invariance in the neutral kaon decays, the K-0 and (K) over bar(0) masses are equal within 10(-19) GeV. Nuclear Physics A

Published
1999

44. The neutral kaon decays to $\pi^+ \pi^- \pi^0$ : a detailed analysis of the CPLEAR data

Author

Angelopoulos, Angelos, Apostolakis, Alcibiades J, Aslanides, Elie, Backenstoss, Gerhard, Bargassa, P, Behnke, O, Benelli, A, Bertin, V, Blanc, F, Bloch, P, Carlson, P J, Carroll, M, Cawley, E, Chertok, M B, Danielsson, M, Dejardin, M, Derré, J, Ealet, A, Eleftheriadis, C, Faravel, L, Fassnacht, P, Fetscher, W, Fidecaro, Maria, Filipcic, A, Francis, D, Fry, J, Gabathuler, Erwin, Gamet, R, Gerber, H J, Go, A, Haselden, A, Hayman, P J, Henry-Coüannier, F, Hollander, R W, Jon-And, K, Kettle, P R, Kokkas, P, Kreuger, R, Le Gac, R, Leimgruber, F, Mandic, I, Manthos, N, Marel, Gérard, Mikuz, M, Miller, J, Montanet, François, Nakada, Tatsuya, Pagels, B, Papadopoulos, I M, Pavlopoulos, P, Polivka, G, Rickenbach, R, Roberts, B L, Ruf, T, Schäfer, M, Schaller, L A, Schietinger, T, Schopper, A, Tauscher, Ludwig, Thibault, C, Touchard, F, Touramanis, C, van Eijk, C W E, Vlachos, S, Weber, P, Wigger, O, Wolter, M, Zavrtanik, D, and Zimmerman, D

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Chiral perturbation theory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Branching fraction, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Dalitz plot, Lambda, Amplitude, Isospin, CP violation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

A detailed analysis of neutral kaons decaying to \(\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}\) is presented based on the complete data set containing half a million events. Time-dependent decay rate asymmetries are measured between initially tagged \({\mathrm{{K}\mbox{}^0}}\) and \({\mathrm{\overline{K}\mbox{}^0}}\) and for different regions of the phase space. These asymmetries, resulting from the interference between the CP-conserving decay amplitude of \({\mathrm{K_L}}\) and the decay amplitude of \({\mathrm{K_S}}\)– either CP-violating or CP-conserving – allow the determination of the \({\mathrm{K_S}}\) parameters \(\eta_{+-0}\) (CP-violating) and \(\lambda\) (CP-conserving), and also of the main isospin components of the \({\mathrm{K_S}}\) decay amplitude. The branching ratio of \({\mathrm{K_S}}\rightarrow \pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}\) (CP-conserving) is deduced directly from \(\lambda\). In addition, we extract the slope parameters describing the energy dependence of the \({\mathrm{K_L}} \rightarrow \pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}\) Dalitz plot. The whole set of our results fits well within the current phenomenological picture of the neutral-kaon system including CP violation and Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT).

Published
1998

46. Photon-counting spectral phase-contrast mammography

Author

Pelc, Norbert J, Fredenberg, E, Roessl, E, Koehler, T, van Stevendaal, U, Schulze-Wenck, I, Wieberneit, N, Stampanoni, M, Wang, Z, Kubik-Huch, R A, Hauser, N, Lundqvist, M, Danielsson, M, Åslund, M, Nishikawa, Robert M, Whiting, Bruce R, University of Zurich, Pelc, Norbert J, Nishikawa, Robert M, Whiting, Bruce R, and Fredenberg, E

Subjects
170 Ethics, 2502 Biomaterials, 2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 2741 Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, 610 Medicine & health, 10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Published
2012

48. Physics at CPLEAR

Author

Angelopoulos, A. Apostolakis, A. Aslanides, E. Backenstoss, G. Bargassa, P. Bee, C.P. Behnke, O. Benelli, A. Bertin, V. Blanc, F. Bloch, P. Carlson, P. Carroll, M. Cawley, E. Chertok, M.B. Danielsson, M. Dejardin, M. Derre, J. Ealet, A. Eleftheriadis, C. Ferreira-Marques, R. Fetscher, W. Fidecaro, M. Filipčič, A. Francis, D. Fry, J. Gabathuler, E. Gamet, R. Gerber, H.-J. Go, A. Haselden, A. Hayman, P.J. Henry-Couannier, F. Hollander, R.W. Jon-And, K. Kettle, P.-R. Kokkas, P. Kreuger, R. Le Gac, R. Leimgruber, F. Mandić, I. Manthos, N. Marel, G. Mikuž, M. Miller, J. Montanet, F. Muller, A. Nakada, T. Pagels, B. Papadopoulos, I. Pavlopoulos, P. Policarpio, A. Polivka, G. Rickenbach, R. Roberts, B.L. Ruf, T. Sakeliou, L. Schäfer, M. Schaller, L.A. Schietinger, T. Schopper, A. Tauscher, L. Thibault, C. Touchard, F. Touramanis, C. Van Eijk, C.W.E. Vlachos, S. Weber, P. Wigger, O. Wolter, M. Yèche, C. Zavrtanik, D. Zimmerman, D.

Abstract

LEAR offered unique opportunities to study the symmetries which exist between matter and antimatter. At variance with other approaches at this facility, CPLEAR was an experiment devoted to the study of CP, T and CPT symmetries in the neutral-kaon system. A variety of measurements allowed us to determine with high precision the parameters which describe the time evolution of the neutral kaons and their antiparticles, including decay amplitudes, and the related symmetry properties. Limits concerning quantum-mechanical predictions (EPR, coherence of the wave function) or the equivalence principle of general relativity have been obtained. An account of the main features of the experiment and its performances is given here, together with the results achieved. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2003

49. Mass detection in reconstructed digital breast tomosynthesis volumes with a computer-aided detection system trained on 2D mammograms

Author

Schie, G. van, Wallis, M.G., Leifland, K., Danielsson, M., Karssemeijer, N., Schie, G. van, Wallis, M.G., Leifland, K., Danielsson, M., and Karssemeijer, N.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Purpose: To develop a computer-aided detection (CAD) system for masses in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) which can make use of an existing CAD system for detection of breast masses in full-field digital mammography (FFDM). This approach has the advantage that large digital screening databases that are becoming available can be used for training. DBT is currently not used for screening which makes it hard to obtain sufficient data for training.Methods: The proposed CAD system is applied to reconstructed DBT volumes and consists of two stages. In the first stage, an existing 2D CAD system is applied to slabs composed of multiple DBT slices, after processing the slabs to a representation similar to that of the FFDM training data. In the second stage, the authors group detections obtained in the slabs that detect the same object and determine the 3D location of the grouped findings using one of three different approaches, including one that uses a set of features extracted from the DBT slabs. Experiments were conducted to determine performance of the CAD system, the optimal slab thickness for this approach and the best method to establish the 3D location. Experiments were performed using a database of 192 patients (752 DBT volumes). In 49 patients, one or more malignancies were present which were described as a mass, architectural distortion, or asymmetry. Free response receiver operating characteristic analysis and bootstrapping were used for statistical evaluation.Results: Best performance was obtained when slab thickness was in the range of 1-2 cm. Using the feature based 3D localization procedure developed in the study, accurate 3D localization could be obtained in most cases. Case sensitivities of 80\% and 90\% were achieved at 0.35 and 0.99 false positives per volume, respectively.Conclusions: This study indicates that there may be a large benefit in using 2D mammograms for the development of CAD for DBT and that there is no need to exclusively limit developme

Published
2013

50. Collision-induced dissociation of ∼2-MeV O+3 and N+3 ions

Author

Vigren, E., Zhaunerchyk, V., Geppert, W. D., Larsson, M., Bahati, E., Vane, C. R., Bannister, M. E., Fogle, M. R., Hamberg, Mathias, Danielsson, M., Kaminska, M., Thomas, R. D., Vigren, E., Zhaunerchyk, V., Geppert, W. D., Larsson, M., Bahati, E., Vane, C. R., Bannister, M. E., Fogle, M. R., Hamberg, Mathias, Danielsson, M., Kaminska, M., and Thomas, R. D.

Abstract

We present a study into the collision-induced dissociation (possibly including electron stripping) of O-3(+) and N-3(+) with rest gas molecules (predominantly H-2) in the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING. The projectile ions had kinetic energies of 1.96 MeV (O-3(+)) and 2.25 MeV (N-3(+)) and from the experimental data we could derive the relative importance of the channels that produce at least one neutral product fragment. The dominant type of fragmentation for both ions involves the production of a single neutral fragment, namely an individual atom. We also find pronounced dissimilarities when comparing the O-3(+) and N-3(+) results, which we link to the stronger chemical bonds in the nitrogen system., AuthorCount:12

Published
2013
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