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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Despite a great interface between palliative care (PC) and geriatrics, there are currently no curriculum proposals of palliative medicine (PM) competencies for geriatricians in Brazil. Thus, the aim was to develop a competency framework of palliative medicine for geriatricians (CFPMG), especially for those under training. METHOD: The first phase consisted of preparing a pilot framework. To reach a consensus, geriatricians with expertise in the field of PM from all Brazilian regions were invited to express their opinions on the competencies listed in the pilot framework. A modified Delphi method was used in the 2nd and 3rd phases to obtain a consensus (level of agreement greater than 50% and 80%, respectively). Finally, a public consultation phase was conducted in the 21st Brazilian Congress on Geriatrics and Gerontology, and via Brazilian National Academy of Palliative Care website. RESULTS: Nineteen experts in PM and geriatrics evaluated the CFPMG. The level of agreement in all thematic areas was greater than that required, except for palliative sedation (20% of disagreement). The CFPMG concluded with 13 thematic areas and 105 competencies, including 11 prerequisite, 52 core, 24 desirable, and 18 advanced competencies. CONCLUSION: The defined competency framework of PC may be integrated into medical education, specifically into geriatric medicine training. Our suggestion is that residency programs in geriatrics provide training at least in the core competencies from the proposed thematic areas, thereby strengthening PC education homogeneously across the country.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections disproportionally affect men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). However, only a few studies have evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis in these populations, especially in youths and adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of biomarkers for hepatitis A, B, and C among young and adolescent MSM and TGW in three Brazilian municipalities. METHODS: Baseline data were collected from a combination of HIV prevention cohort of young and adolescent MSM (AMSM) and TGW (ATGW) aged 15-19 years in three Brazilian municipalities. A social behavioral questionnaire was applied, and immunoassays were performed to detect antibodies against hepatitis A (anti- HAV IgG and IgM), hepatitis B (anti-HBc and anti-HBs), and hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV); testing for the active hepatitis B marker, HBsAg, was also performed. The prevalence of reactive tests and 95% confidence interval (CI) for proportions were measured. RESULTS: The prevalence of naturally or artificially acquired immunity for hepatitis A totaled 17.7% (95%CI: 15.4-20.4), whereas that of acute infection, 0.4% (95%CI: 0.2-1.2). For hepatitis B and C, prevalence rates totaled 2.8% (95%CI: 1.8-4.4) and 0.2% (95%CI: 0.1-1.1), respectively. About 25.7% (95%CI: 22.4-29.4) of participants were non-reactive for anti-HBc and reactive for anti-HBs, the latter being a vaccine marker for hepatitis B. CONCLUSIONS: The investigation of viral hepatitis biomarkers among vulnerable populations enables the early identification of infections, the provision of timely treatment, and an opportunity to point out the need to expand vaccination coverage.

Abstract Direct evidence of paleo-parasitism in crustaceans is very scarce. Epicaridean isopods are obligatory parasites of crustaceans, including decapods such as crabs, shrimps, and lobsters. Their interaction with hosts is known from fossils as far back as the Jurassic through deformations of the branchial cuticle on the hosts. Their small size and low fossilization potential, outside of those larvae that have been found in amber, makes understanding the group’s evolution challenging. Here, we report the oldest evidence of paleo-parasitism in marine shrimps and an imprint of a putative adult parasite that appears to be an epicaridean isopod. Our results suggest that the parasite–host interaction between epicaridean isopods and marine shrimps started at least 110 million years ago, and the Tethys Sea was a possible dispersal pathway for this lineage of parasites during the Jurassic and Cretaceous, as known for other marine organisms through most of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The oldest fossil records of bopyrid swellings associated with a large number of decapods from the Jurassic in Europe suggest that the Tethys region was a center of epicaridean distribution as a whole. Recent parasitic isopods found on dendrobranchiate shrimps are restricted to the Indo-Pacific and may represent a relict group of a lineage of parasites more widely distributed in the Mesozoic.

Underrepresentation of people from racial and ethnic minoritized groups in clinical trials threatens external validity of clinical and translational science, diminishes uptake of innovations into practice, and restricts access to the potential benefits of participation. Despite efforts to increase diversity in clinical trials, children and adults from Latino backgrounds remain underrepresented. Quality improvement concepts, strategies, and tools demonstrate promise in enhancing recruitment and enrollment in clinical trials. To demonstrate this promise, we draw upon our team’s experience conducting a randomized clinical trial that tests three behavioral interventions designed to promote equity in language and social-emotional skill acquisition among Latino parent–infant dyads from under-resourced communities. The recruitment activities took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, which intensified the need for responsive strategies and procedures. We used the Model for Improvement to achieve our recruitment goals. Across study stages, we engaged strategies such as (1) intentional team formation, (2) participatory approaches to setting goals, monitoring achievement, selecting change strategies, and (3) small iterative tests that informed additional efforts. These strategies helped our team overcome several barriers. These strategies may help other researchers apply quality improvement tools to increase participation in clinical and translational research among people from minoritized groups.

Background A new fossil species of whipscorpion, Mesoproctus rayoli n. sp., is described. The specimen originates from the Crato Formation, dating to the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian/Albian) period within the Araripe Sedimentary Basin. This species has been provisionally assigned to Mesoproctus Dunlop, 1998, as it represents the sole known Thelyphonida fossil genus discovered in South America and within Araripe Lagerstätte. Methods The material underwent detailed description and illustration processes. Key diagnostic characters, such as body length, pedipalpal coxae apophysis, the form of the opisthosoma, and the length of leg IV, were meticulously examined. SEM methods were applied in this study. Results Through the detailed analysis, comparisons and differences to Mesoproctus rowlandi Dunlop, 1998 were made possible. Additionally, a well-preserved specimen of the rare camel spider, Cratosolpuga wunderlichi Selden, in Selden and Shear, 1996, was identified from the limestones of the Crato Formation. The newly discovered fossil specimen of Cratosolpuga wunderlichi suggests two characters not previously described: (i) a segmented tarsomere on leg IV; and (ii) a leg I with one tarsal claw.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of a validated chest computed tomography (Chest-CT) severity score in COVID-19 patients with their respiratory outcome in the Intensive Care Unit.MethodsA single-center, prospective study evaluated patients with positive RT-PCR for COVID-19, who underwent Chest-CT and had a final COVID-19 clinical diagnosis needing invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU. The admission chest-CT was evaluated according to a validated Chest-CT Severity Score in COVID-19 (Chest-CTSS) divided into low ≤50% (50% high (≥14 points) lung parenchyma involvement. The association between the initial score and their pulmonary clinical outcomes was evaluated.Results121 patients were clustered into the > 50% lung involvement group and 105 patients into the ≤ 50% lung involvement group. Patients ≤ 50% lung involvement ( 50% lung involvement (≥14 points) on Chest-CT at ICU admission.ConclusionCOVID-19 patients with >50% lung involvement on Chest-CT admission presented higher chances to stay longer on invasive mechanical ventilation and more chances to developed ventilator-associated pneumonia.

This research letter presents the co-design process for RG4Face, a mime therapy–based serious game that uses computer vision for human facial movement recognition and estimation to help health care professionals and patients in the facial rehabilitation process.

Abstract Five anomuran and one brachyuran species collected from continental shelf and slope off southern Brazil have their geographic ranges considerably extended southward: Neolithodes agassizii (Smith), Paguristes spectabilis McLaughlin and Provenzano, Pagurus heblingi Nucci and Melo, Phimochirus occlusus (Henderson), Mixtopagurus paradoxus A. Milne-Edwards, and the brachyuran Euchirograpsus antillensis Türkay. Pagurus heblingi was previously known only from its type locality (off Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro) and from off Espírito Santo. Paguristes spectabilis was known only from the holotype (off Trinidad, Caribbean Sea) and two additional females from off Rio de Janeiro. One female was found of the brachyuran Robertsella meridionalis Tavares and Gouvêa, a species previously known only from two males. Additionally, the occurrence of the hermit crabs Dardanus venosus (H. Milne Edwards) and Oncopagurus gracilis (Henderson), and the brachyuran Hexapanopeus paulensis Rathbun are confirmed for Santa Catarina. The record of the brachyuran Neopilumnoplax americana (Rathbun) from Santa Catarina (27°S) probably actually refers to Neopilumnoplax lipkeholthuisi Tavares and Melo, a species described from Rio Grande do Sul (33°S) and Mar del Plata (37°S).

Stenopodidean shrimps are mostly cryptic in their habitats and are typically related with coral rubble or dead coral heads, rocks and crevices, and in association with other marine invertebrate such as sponges, crinoids and corals. Here, we describe a new stenopodidean shrimp, Dubiostenopus parvus n. gen. n. sp., from the Romualdo Formation (Aptian/Albian), Araripe Sedimentary Basin. The specimen studied here was collected in the municipality of Trindade, Pernambuco State, Brazil. The specimen is the imprint of a small shrimp approximately 10 mm in length, with a robust cephalothorax, a well-developed cheliped in the third pereiopod, and a second pleura not overlapping the first. This is the first stenopodidean shrimp described from the Romualdo Formation and the first described from South America. Comparisons with other Brazilian shrimp-like fossils are made, as well as comparisons with all other fossil stenopodideans.

Abstract Most papers in the literature address reliability analysis of isolated elements, like beams and columns. However, symmetry and regularity are often exploited in the construction of regular RC frames, resulting in the same or similar designs for all columns of a floor or all beams of a building. This leads to significant differences in member reliability, due to different axial load to bending moment ratios, in different parts of the structure. Moreover, load effects increase, and symmetry is lost under individual support settlements. In this scenario, reliability analyses are performed, for an intact 4-floors and 3-spans RC frame; and considering different settlement conditions. Monte Carlo simulation is performed, considering uncertainties in dead and live loading, and steel and concrete strengths. The results show that a settlement of 10 mm, corresponding to an angular distortion of 1/500, reduced the average reliability of the frame by only 14%, just the same, it reduced the reliability index of several cross-sections of the beams to up to 2.40, value lower than that recommended in the Model Code 2010. It is concluded that the methodology used in this work presents an important tool for the analysis of events not foreseen in the design, supporting the decision making about the need for intervention in the structures.

On average, 70% of the world’s freshwater is used in agriculture, with farmers transitioning to electrical irrigation systems to increase productivity, reduce climate uncertainties, and decrease water consumption. In Brazil, where agriculture is a significant part of the economy, this transition has reached record levels over the last decade, further increasing the impact of energy consumption. This paper presents a methodology that utilizes the U-Net model to detect flooded rice fields using Sentinel-2 satellite images and estimates the electrical energy consumption required to pump water for this irrigation. The proposed approach involves grouping the detected flooded areas using k-means clustering with the electricity customers’ geographical coordinates, provided by the Power Distribution Company. The methodology was evaluated in a dataset of satellite images from southern Brazil, and the results demonstrate the potential of using U-Net models to identify rice fields. Furthermore, comparing the estimated electrical energy consumption required for irrigation in each cluster with the billed energy values provides valuable insights into the sustainable management of rice production systems and the electricity grid, helping to identify non-technical losses and improve irrigation efficiency.

ABSTRACT Background: To improve the comparability of multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence across Brazilian regions, the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in MS has implemented a standardized approach to assess the prevalence of the disease in five key cities, which were deemed representative of their regions in terms of socio-geographical features and where in-person revision of each case was feasible. Objective: To report the point-prevalence of MS in Passo Fundo, one of the key cities in Southern Brazil. Methods: We sought to identify all MS patients who were living in Passo Fundo on July 1st, 2015. The primary source for case ascertainment was records from the offices of neurologists and neurosurgeons practicing in the city. Multiple secondary sources were used to maximize identification of cases. All patients underwent in-person review of the diagnosis by a panel of neurologists with experience in MS. Results: We identified 52 MS patients living in Passo Fundo on July 1st, 2015. The point-prevalence rate for MS was 26.4/100,000 population (95% confidence interval, 19.7 to 34.6/100,000). Among the MS cases, 42 (80.8%) were female, for a sex ratio of 4.2:1. Forty-six cases (88.5%) were categorized as relapsing-remitting MS, and the remaining 6 cases, as secondary progressive MS (11.5%). Other epidemiological and clinical features were comparable to national and international MS populations. Conclusions: The prevalence of MS in Passo Fundo is one of the highest reported in Brazil so far. Studies in other key Brazilian cities, using the same methodology, are currently being carried out.

Despite the apparent relationship between personal values and entrepreneurship, this topic t has been subject to little academic research. This article aims to explain, in the Brazilian context, how the personal values of entrepreneurs influence the degree of professionalism in their business. The article uses a descriptive and exploratory quantitative approach, with data collected via a survey and focus group. Results show that, in the Brazilian context, ethics and capitalist values have a greater influence on professionalism than do risk, innovation, family history, etc. Certain personal values of small-business entrepreneurs become organizational values that drive their actions in challenging environments. The finding that only one of the ten independent variables has been considered statistically influential on professionalism constitutes its main theoretical contribution. It rethinks professionalism, no longer as a dependent variable, but as a personal value, like the rest, in independent, innovative and sovereign way.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe cerebrovascular manifestations in patients hospitalized for treatment of severe COVID-19, highlighting the comorbidities observed, and those that may play a relevant role as risk factors for severe outcomes. Methods This case series retrospective analyzed, from June to November, 2020, ten patients admitted to the emergency department, with positive nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction assay for SARS-CoV-2, presenting with neurological symptoms and positive findings at brain imaging studies. Results In this sample, the clinical severity of the symptoms varied from mild to critical. Ischemic stroke was observed in four patients, hemorrhagic events occurred in five cases. Three patients evolved with large parenchymal hemorrhage, and one presented petechial bleeding foci. In one case, we observed subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with bilateral hypodensity in both globus pallidus. Typical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome findings were observed in one patient on brain computed tomography. Conclusion Patients with neurovascular complications related to COVID-19 had positive findings in brain imaging and neurological symptoms. The pathological entities observed drew attention to the neurological risk of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, including worse outcomes in individuals whose medical history includes clinical comorbidities, especially hypertension and obesity.

Black and Latinx individuals, and in particular women, comprise an essential health care workforce often serving in support roles such as nursing assistants and dietary service staff. Compared to physicians and nurses, they are underpaid and potentially undervalued, yet play a critical role in health systems. This study examined the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from the perspective of Black and Latinx health care workers in support roles (referred to here as HCWs). From December 2020 to February 2021, we conducted 2 group interviews (n = 9, 1 group in English and 1 group in Spanish language) and 8 individual interviews (1 in Spanish and 7 in English) with HCWs. Participants were members of a high-risk workforce as well as of communities that suffered disproportionately during the pandemic. Overall, they described disruptive changes in responsibilities and roles at work. These disruptions were intensified by the constant fear of contracting COVID-19 themselves and infecting their family members. HCWs with direct patient care responsibilities reported reduced opportunities for personal connection with patients. Perspectives on vaccines reportedly changed over time, and were influenced by peers' vaccination and information from trusted sources. The pandemic has exposed the stress endured by an essential workforce that plays a critical role in healthcare. As such, healthcare systems need to dedicate resources to improve the work conditions for this marginalized workforce including offering resources that support resilience. Overall working conditions and, wages must be largely improved to ensure their wellbeing and retain them in their roles to manage the next public health emergency. The role of HCWs serving as ambassadors to provide accurate information on COVID-19 and vaccination among their coworkers and communities also warrants further study.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by blood flukes from the genus Schistosoma. Brazil hosts the main endemic area in the Americas, where Schistosoma mansoni is the only species causing the disease. Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear is the WHO recommended screening test for populational studies, but there is growing evidence for the sensitivity limitations associated with KK, especially in areas with low parasite loads. Helmintex (HTX) is another highly sensitive egg-detection method, based on the magnetic properties of S. mansoni eggs and their isolation in a magnetic field. The objective of this study is to evaluate both KK and HTX in a moderate endemic locality, Areia Branca, located in the municipality of Pacatuba, in the state of Sergipe in northeastern Brazil. From 234 individual fecal samples, two KK thick smears were prepared and evaluated for each sample. Similarly, 30 g of each fecal sample was processed by HTX protocol. Eggs were detected in 80 (34.18%) residents. Twenty-three (9.83%) samples were positive for eggs (only by KK), and 77 (32.91%) samples showed positive for eggs (only by HTX). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy estimates gave values of 28.75%, 100% and 75.64%, respectively, for KK, and 96.25%, 100% and 98.72% respectively, for HTX. The positive predictive value was 100% for both methods, while the negative predictive value was 72.99% for KK and 98.09% for HTX. Overall, HTX presented a superior performance compared to the one sample, two slides KK examination. The study confirms the role of HTX as a reference method for the definition of true-positive samples in comparative accuracy studies and its potential role in the late stages when the certification of schistosomiasis transmission interruption is required. Diagnostic tests are important tools for the elimination of this NTD, besides the effective implementation of safe water, basic sanitation, snail control, and the treatment of infected populations.

Resumo: A previsão dos prêmios do seguro agrícola tem impacto relevante no dimensionamento orçamentário do Programa de Subvenção ao Prêmio do Seguro Rural (PSR). Pela ótica da responsabilidade e do planejamento do gasto público, é preciso estimar com relativa precisão quanto se pretende despender com o Programa no curto e médio prazo (Emenda Constitucional nº 95, de 2016). O presente estudo faz uma comparação de métodos para a projeção do prêmio do seguro agrícola por região. Foram utilizados os modelos SARIMA e os algoritmos NNAR, TBATS, MAPA e ELM, com e sem a covariável de subsídio. As metodologias foram aplicadas aos dados mensais do volume de prêmio do seguro agrícola das regiões Sul, Sudeste, Centro-Oeste e Nordeste do Brasil de 2006 a 2018. Foi observado que o modelo SARIMA univariado mostrou o melhor resultado nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Nordeste, ao passo que o SARIMA e o ELM com a covariável foram superiores na região Sul e Sudeste, respectivamente. A partir desses resultados, foi possível discutir a relevância da subvenção para a ampliação do seguro nas regiões analisadas.

Objective: this article studies the efficiency of a novel regression approach, the geographically weighted quantile lasso (GWQlasso), in the modeling of yield-index relationship for weather index insurance products. GWQlasso allows regression coefficients to vary spatially, while using the information from neighboring locations to derive robust estimates. The lasso component of the model facilitates the selection of relevant explanatory variables. Methodology: a weather index insurance (WII) product is developed based on one-month standardized precipitation index (SPI) derived from a daily precipitation dataset for 41 weather stations in the state of Paraná (Brazil) for the period from 1979 to 2015. Soybean yield data are also used for the 41 municipalities from 1980 to 2015. The effectiveness of the GWQlasso product is evaluated against a classic quantile regression approach and a traditional yield insurance product using the spectral risk measure (SRM) and the mean semi-deviation. Results: while GWQlasso proved as effective as quantile regression, it outperformed the yield insurance product. Conclusion: the GWQlasso is an alternative to the crop insurance market in Brazil and other locations with limited data.

Resumo: O seguro agrícola de faturamento possui vantagens e desvantagens frente ao seguro agrícola tradicional e, apesar de sua grande penetração no mercado norte-americano, no Brasil essa modalidade ainda é incipiente. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de alterações no preço de referência (preço base) sobre as indenizações desses contratos para a cultura da soja, em municípios selecionados, no período de 2008 a 2018. Os resultados mostraram que há fraca associação entre as séries de preço e produtividade, pois o efeito estimado ficou próximo de zero, mas de caráter negativo em que preço e produção apresentam comportamento inversamente correlacionados. Além disso, a escolha do parâmetro de preços teve forte influência no valor da indenização, já que ao utilizar o preço de Paranaguá, os produtores receberiam um montante de indenização menor do que aquele a que teriam direito caso utilizassem o preço de referência da sua região. Em particular, para os estados do Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, a diferença seria muito maior. Este fato pode ser um indício da baixa contratação do seguro de faturamento por esses produtores, que mesmo com a subvenção federal, têm apresentado demanda menor, comparativamente aos produtores da região Sul.

ABSTRACT Climate change and the extensive areas of dry tropical forests (DTF) used in the production of pasture determine the need to investigate alternative managements that would make it possible to increase carbon stock. As such, the aim of this research was to estimate the carbon stock in the herbaceous layer of two fragments of seasonally dry tropical forest: i) a fragment of dry tropical forest under 40 years of regeneration and ii) forest submitted to the thinning of trees with a diameter

The brown seaweed Spatoglossum schröederi synthesizes three bioactive fucoidans, the most abundant of which is fucan A. This fucoidan was extracted and its identity was confirmed by chemical analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and agarose gel electrophoresis. Thereafter, silver nanoparticles containing fucan A (AgFuc) were produced using an environmentally friendly synthesis method. AgFuc synthesis was analyzed via UV–vis spectroscopy and FTIR, which confirmed the presence of both silver and fucan A in the AgFuc product. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy revealed that the AgFuc particles were ~180.0 nm in size and spherical in shape. DLS further demonstrated that AgFuc was stable for five months. Coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry showed that the AgFuc particles contained 5% silver and 95% sugar. AgFuc was shown to be more effective in inhibiting the ability of parasites to reduce MTT than fucan A or silver, regardless of treatment time. In addition, AgFuc induced the death of ~60% of parasites by necrosis and ~17% by apoptosis. Therefore, AgFuc induces damage to the parasites’ mitochondria, which suggests that it is an anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agent. This is the first study to analyze silver nanoparticles containing fucan as an anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agent. Our data indicate that AgFuc nanoparticles have potential therapeutic applications, which should be determined via preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies.

O seguro agrícola tem ganho maior atenção no Brasil desde o início da década passada, com a implementação do Programa de Subvenção ao Prêmio do Seguro Rural. O presente estudo testou o desempenho de algoritmos de Machine Learning para as seguradoras anteciparem a ocorrência de sinistro, elaborando previsões por meio de dados de apólices e bases de dados climáticas entre os anos de 2006 e 2017. Foram testados os algoritmos Random Forest, Support Vector Machine e k-Nearest Neighbours. O segundo mostrou melhor performance preditiva de sinistros. No entanto, todos os métodos apresentaram baixa capacidade preditiva para a ocorrência de sinistros.

Problema: Embora individualmente raras, somadas, as doenças genéticas têm prevalência global estimada de 31,5 a 73,0 por 1.000 indivíduos. Além disto, doenças genéticas e defeitos congênitos representam a segunda causa de mortalidade infantil no Brasil. Diante deste cenário, foi instituída a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Doenças Raras no Sistema Único de Saúde. Esta política prevê funções específicas para Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) que incluem diagnóstico precoce e mapeamento de pessoas com ou sob-risco de desenvolver doenças genéticas raras e/ou defeitos congênitos para encaminhamento regulado. Essa experiência objetivou colaborar com o desenvolvimento de métodos para o reconhecimento de indivíduos com ou sob-risco de desenvolver doenças genéticas na APS. Métodos: Através de visitas domiciliares e por meio do preenchimento de uma ficha específica, realizou-se busca ativa de casos de doença genética e/ou defeito congênito em uma amostra probabilística aleatória, representativa de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de um município brasileiro de porte médio. Resultados: Foram investigados 295 domicílios, totalizando 1.160 indivíduos e 238 casais. A média de filhos por casal foi de 2,7, a frequência de consanguinidade foi 3,8% e de abortamento espontâneo foi 8,7%. Foram identificadas 29 pessoas (2,5%) com doenças congênitas, 11 (0,9%) com deficiências auditivas, 10 (0,9%) com deficiência mental e 6 (0,5%) com déficits visuais importantes. Atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor foi relatado em 8,8% das crianças e adolescentes. Doze indivíduos (1%) possuíam câncer e 9,6% relataram história familiar positiva para câncer. Conclusão: Os profissionais da APS estão em posição privilegiada para identificar e organizar uma rede de cuidados para indivíduos com doenças genéticas e/ou defeitos congênitos. A utilização sistemática de instrumentos que facilitem o reconhecimento de fatores de risco e de situações suspeitas pode ser uma estratégia útil a ser incorporada pela APS.

Systemic and central cardiovascular adaptations may vary in response to chronic exercise performed with different intensities and volumes. This study compared the effects of aerobic training with different intensities but equivalent volume upon microvascular reactivity in cremaster muscle and myocardial biomarkers of oxidative stress in Wistar rats. After peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) assessment, rats (n = 24) were assigned into three groups: moderate-intensity exercise training (MI); high-intensity exercise training (HI); sedentary control (SC). Treadmill training occurred during 4 weeks, with exercise bouts matched by the energy expenditure (3.0-3.5 Kcal). Microvascular reactivity was assessed in vivo by intravital microscopy in cremaster muscle arterioles, while biomarkers of oxidative stress and eNOS expression were quantified at left ventricle and at aorta, respectively. Similar increasing vs. sedentary control group (SC) occurred in moderate intensity training group (MI) and high-intensity training group (HI) for endothelium-dependent vasodilation (10-4M: MI: 168.7%, HI: 164.6% vs. SC: 146.6%, P = 0.0004). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (HI: 0.13 U/mg vs. MI: 0.09 U/mg and SC: 0.06 U/mg; P = 0.02), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (HI: 0.00038 U/mg vs. MI: 0.00034 U/mg and SC: 0.00024 U/mg; P = 0.04), and carbonyl protein content (HI: 0.04 U/mg vs. MI: 0.03 U/mg and SC: 0.01 U/mg; P = 0.003) increased only in HI. No difference across groups was detected for catalase (CAT) (P = 0.12), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P = 0.38) or eNOS expression in aorta (P = 0.44). In conclusion, higher exercise intensity induced greater improvements in myocardium antioxidant defenses, while gains in microvascular reactivity appeared to rely more on exercise volume than intensity.

The use and exploitation beyond its support capacity, and the absence of conservation practices, have negative effects on the soil, such as impacting on its physical and chemical properties, and accelerating the process of degradation. Therefore, knowledge of the spatial variability of soil properties, such as density and organic matter, may contribute to its proper management. The aim of this work was to study the spatial dependence of the two variables, soil density and soil organic matter, using geostatistical techniques. The work was carried out in a watershed in the town of Andrelândia in the State Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 58 points were selected, where the two attributes were analysed in the 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m layers. The results showed that the 0-0.2 m layer is less compacted and has a higher organic matter content compared to the 0.2-0.4 m layer. An exponential semivariogram model displayed the greatest spatial dependence. Soil density and organic matter showed spatial dependence, demonstrating the importance of these studies to adequate soil management, since kriging proved to be an appropriate tool to obtain knowledge of the spatial dynamics of soil and organic matter density in the watershed, which can then be used in decision-making, for the conservation and maintenance of the quality of natural resources. = O uso e a exploração além da capacidade de suporte e a ausência de práticas conservacionistas trazem consequências negativas para os solos, como impactos em suas propriedades físicas e químicas, acelerando o processo de degradação. Logo, o conhecimento da variabilidade espacial das propriedades do solo, como densidade e matéria orgânica, pode contribuir para o seu manejo adequado. Com isso, objetivou-se estudar a dependência espacial dessas duas variáveis, densidade e matéria orgânica do solo, por meio de técnicas da geoestatística. O trabalho foi realizado numa microbacia hidrográfica de cabeceira, no município de Andrelândia-MG. Foram selecionados 58 pontos, nos quais foram analisados os dois atributos nas camadas de 0-0,2 e 0,2-0,4 m de profundidade. Os resultados mostraram que a camada de 0-0,2 m apresenta-se menos compactada e com maior teor de matéria orgânica quando comparada com a camada de 0,2-0,4 m. O modelo do semivariograma que apresentou maior dependência espacial foi o exponencial. A densidade e a matéria orgânica do solo apresentaram dependência espacial, o que mostra a importância desses estudos para manejar adequadamente o solo, visto que a krigagem mostrou ser uma relevante ferramenta no conhecimento da dinâmica espacial da densidade do solo e da matéria orgânica na microbacia, podendo ser utilizada na tomada de decisão, tanto para a conservação quanto para a manutenção da qualidade dos recursos naturais.

Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) account for ∼ 70% of all tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Their clinical presentation is often insidious, with progressive hearing loss and involvement of other cranial nerves. Spontaneous hemorrhage in those tumors is very unusual, and generally presents with acute clinical features such as nausea, vomiting, headache and altered consciousness, usually with marked dysfunction of the cranial nerve involved, and with new deficits of neighboring cranial nerves. Asymptomatic patients are extremely rare. We present a case report of an incidental VS with asymptomatic bleeding, which evolved to death after surgery.

Abstract Introduction The city of Passo Fundo, in the north of the Rio Grande do Sul state, has been standing out in the health care field for many years. The state has become a reference in endovascular interventional neuroradiology. We will cover 10 years of experience in this area and divide our observations in 3 parts: cerebral angiograms (part I), carotid angioplasties (part II) and intracranial aneurysms (part III). The goal of part I is to statistically assess the cerebral angiograms, their indications, risks and complications, as well as to do a technical review. Materials and Methods A retrospective study from 2005 to 2015 with a total of 5,567 interventional neuroradiology procedures performed. A total of 4,114 angiograms, 639 embolizations of intracranial aneurysms, 414 carotid angioplasties, 143 embolizations of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, 32 embolizations of dural arteriovenous fistulas, 102 cerebral vasospasm treatments, 21 treatments of epistaxis, 36 embolizations of craniocervical tumor, 25 thrombolysis of ischemic stroke, 18 vertebroplasties and 13 embolizations of arteriovenous malformations of the face. Results A total of 4,084 procedures performed, 21,811 vessels studied, average vase 7.62/2.82 vessel and patient/procedure. Of these, 2,536 were diagnostic procedures and 1,548 angiographic controls. Of the total, 1,188 patients received only an angiogram, 27.14% of which were therapeutic procedures. We obtained a total of 3.89% complications: 2.33% reflection vasovagal, 0.56% allergic skin reaction, anaphylactic shock 0.07%, 0.27% femoral hematoma, 0.26% transient neurological deficit, 0.12% permanent neurological deficit and no case of death. Conclusion Cerebral angiography in adults, children and infants is a safe procedure with low risk of permanent neurological complications.

Abstract Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection affecting the central nervous system, usually involving the brain parenchyma, intracranial subarachnoid space, or ventricular system. In rare cases, there is involvement of the spine (vertebral, epidural, subdural, arachnoid, or intramedullary). Even in endemic regions, this variant is rare, with an incidence below 5% of all patients. The diagnosis is made based on the symptoms, which can be very unspecific, imaging and CSF analysis, with biopsy as a possibility. Treatment is usually curative, but important deficits can develop, due to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots, arachnoiditis, or meningitis. We present the case of a patient who developed this entity, with poor clinical scenario, and review the literature on the topic.

Corn cob is an agricultural byproduct that produces an estimated waste burden in the thousands of tons annually, but it is also a good source of xylan, an important bioactive polysaccharide. Silver nanoparticles containing xylan (nanoxylan) were produced using an environmentally friendly synthesis method. To do this, we extracted xylan from corn cobs using an ultrasound technique, which was confirmed by both chemical and NMR analyses. This xylan contained xylose, glucose, arabinose, galactose, mannose, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 50:21:14:9:2.5:2.5, respectively. Nanoxylan synthesis was analyzed using UV–vis spectroscopy at kmax = 469 nm and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), which confirmed the presence of both silver and xylan in the nanoxylan product. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the nanoxylan particles were ~102.0 nm in size and spherical in shape, respectively. DLS also demonstrated that nanoxylan was stable for 12 months and coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) showed that the nanoxylan particles were 19% silver. Nanoxylan reduced Leishmania amazonensis promastigote viability with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 25 μg/mL, while xylan alone showed no effective. Additionally, nanoxylan exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans (MIC = 7.5 μg/mL), C. parapsilosis (MIC = 7.5 μg/mL), and Cryptococcus neoformans (MIC = 7.5 μg/mL). Taken together, these data suggest that it is possible to synthesize silver nanoparticles using xylan and that these nanoxylan exert improved antileishmanial and antifungal activities when compared to the untreated polysaccharide or silver nitrate used for their synthesis. Thus, nanoxylan may represent a promising new class of antiparasitic agents for use in the treatment of these microorganisms.

The study of meteorology are based on atmospheric phenomena, your behavior and physical, chemical and dynamic interactions with the other elements of the Earth's surface. The aim of this study was to characterize climatically the municipality of Feira de Santana (BA), as to the availability of water for farming, using data provided by INMET, which were processed through the climatic water balance method, from which he obtained the water index, index of dryness and moisture content, and aid the sort keys of Thornthwaite. The water balance showed that the municipality features an ETP of 1431.7 mm year-1, ETR to 720.7 mm year-1, DEF of 711.0 mm year-1 and EXC equal to zero. The climatic type through the methodology of Köppen's "wing", megatérmico with winter rains and hot summers, whereas Thornthwaite's C1w2A ' a ', Sub-humid climate with dry off excess summer, megatérmico and potential evapotranspiration in summer concentration equal to 31.2%. The municipality of Feira de Santana presents a high ETP, influenced by high temperatures. The period of lowest water deficiency is recorded in the months of may, June and July, being suitable for dryland crops. The Thornthwaite climate classification method offers greater detail than the Köppen.

O milho é uma cultura de grande importância econômica, no entanto, é bastante prejudicada pelo ataque da lagarta do cartucho, onde é utilizado o controle químico, que é tóxico à biodiversidade, necessitando-se desenvolver alternativas de controle natural. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de diferentes extratos derivados de nim no controle da lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) em cultivo de milho irrigado. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo, no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Campus Iguatu. Para a realização do experimento, foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições totalizando 24 parcelas. Os tratamentos à base de nim utilizados foram: sem inseticida; frutos; folhas; folhas + sementes; óleo comercial e o inseticida químico. Avaliou-se o nível populacional das lagartas (S. frugiperda) assim como o comprimento das mesmas aos 18, 36, 54, 72 e 90 dias após o plantio. Paralelamente, realizou-se uma avaliação visual dos danos provocados ao cartucho e folhas expandidas das plantas de milho, com base em uma escala visual (escala Dives). O tratamento com os frutos do nim apresentou os melhores resultados em todas as variáveis analisadas, podendo ser utilizado em substituição de produtos químicos no controle da lagarta-do-cartucho. Para o número e comprimento das lagartas, os tratamentos com frutos e inseticida químico se destacaram dos demais. Em relação aos danos, os tratamentos com frutos, folhas, frutos mais folhas e inseticida químico não tiveram diferença estatística entre si. O tratamento com óleo comercial de nim não apresentou resultados satisfatórios.

Nonlinear mixed models were used to describe longitudinal scrotal circumference (SC) measurements of Nellore bulls. Models comparisons were based on Akaike's information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, error sum of squares, adjusted R2 and percentage of convergence. Sequentially, the best model was used to compare the SC growth curve in bulls divergently classified according to SC at 18-21 months of age. For this, bulls were classified into five groups: SC < 28cm; 28cm ≤ SC < 30cm, 30cm ≤ SC < 32cm, 32cm ≤ SC < 34cm and SC ≥ 34cm. Michaelis-Menten model showed the best fit according to the mentioned criteria. In this model, β1 is the asymptotic SC value and β2 represents the time to half-final growth and may be related to sexual precocity. Parameters of the individual estimated growth curves were used to create a new dataset to evaluate the effect of the classification, farms, and year of birth on β1 and β2 parameters. Bulls of the largest SC group presented a larger predicted SC along all analyzed periods; nevertheless, smaller SC group showed predicted SC similar to intermediate SC groups (28cm ≤ SC < 32cm), around 1200 days of age. In this context, bulls classified as improper for reproduction at 18-21 months old can reach a similar condition to those considered as good condition. In terms of classification at 18-21 months, asymptotic SC was similar among groups, farms and years; however, β2 differed among groups indicating that differences in growth curves are related to sexual precocity. In summary, it seems that selection based on SC at too early ages may lead to discard bulls with suitable reproductive potential.

ABSTRACT Maternal Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection can lead to spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, and numerous sequelae in the newborn, including visual and hearing impairment. T. gondii serology was determined in pregnant women and their newborns who were referred to Climério de Oliveira Maternity, Federal University of Bahia, and the possible associations with the risk factors for maternal infection were investigated. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2014 and included 712 pregnant women, aged 15 to 49 years, and 235 newborns. Seroprevalence was determined by the detection of T. gondii-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) M (IgM) and IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunoassay. In addition, mothers completed a questionnaire that focused on socioeconomic aspects, and survey data were tabulated using the SPSS statistical software program (version 21.0 for Windows). The seroprevalence rate for specific IgG antibodies was 51% (362) among mothers and 93% (219) among neonates. All the mothers and their newborns were negative for specific-IgM antibodies. Higher age group and lower maternal education were the only risk factors statistically associated with the presence of specific IgG. In summary, high levels of specific IgG antibodies were observed in pregnant women. The knowledge of risk factors for toxoplasmosis can help in the orientation of newly pregnant women.

O uso e a exploração além da capacidade de suporte e a ausência de práticas conservacionistas trazem consequências negativas para os solos, como impactos em suas propriedades físicas e químicas, acelerando o processo de degradação. Logo, o conhecimento da variabilidade espacial das propriedades do solo, como densidade e matéria orgânica, pode contribuir para o seu manejo adequado. Com isso, objetivou-se estudar a dependência espacial dessas duas variáveis, densidade e matéria orgânica do solo, por meio de técnicas da geoestatística. O trabalho foi realizado numa microbacia hidrográfica de cabeceira, no município de Andrelândia-MG. Foram selecionados 58 pontos, nos quais foram analisados os dois atributos nas camadas de 0-0,2 e 0,2-0,4 m de profundidade. Os resultados mostraram que a camada de 0-0,2 m apresenta-se menos compactada e com maior teor de matéria orgânica quando comparada com a camada de 0,2-0,4 m. O modelo do semivariograma que apresentou maior dependência espacial foi o exponencial. A densidade e a matéria orgânica do solo apresentaram dependência espacial, o que mostra a importância desses estudos para manejar adequadamente o solo, visto que a krigagem mostrou ser uma relevante ferramenta no conhecimento da dinâmica espacial da densidade do solo e da matéria orgânica na microbacia, podendo ser utilizada na tomada de decisão, tanto para a conservação quanto para a manutenção da qualidade dos recursos naturais.

Objetivou-se avaliar a emergência e desenvolvimento de mudas de cucurbitáceas em substratos à base de esterco ovino. Foram realizados três experimentos entre novembro de 2010 e abril de 2011, em Serra Talhada-PE. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por 10 substratos: substrato comercial (Tropstrato HT®); esterco ovino + areia (1:1); esterco ovino + areia (2:1); esterco ovino + areia (3:1); esterco ovino + solo (1:1); esterco ovino + solo (2:1); esterco ovino + solo (3:1); esterco ovino + areia + solo (1:1:1); esterco ovino + areia + solo (2:1:1) e esterco ovino + areia + solo (3:1:1). Utilizaram-se as cultivares Jacarezinho (abóbora), Crimson Select Plus (melancia) e Amarelo (melão). Foram avaliados a porcentagem e índice de velocidade de emergência. Quanto às características de desenvolvimento de mudas, analisaram-se: número de folhas, altura de plântula, comprimento de raízes, massas secas da parte aérea e de raízes. Para a cultura da abóbora, mudas de melhor qualidade foram obtidas quando produzidas no substrato constituído de esterco ovino + solo, na proporção 3:1. O tratamento esterco ovino + solo (2:1) apresentou os melhores resultados para as variáveis estudadas em plântulas de melancia e melão. = The aim of the research was to evaluate the emergence and development of seedlings of cucurbits in substrates made from sheep manure. Three experiments were carried out between November 2010 and April 2011, in Serra Talhada-PE. The experiment was completely randomized design, with four replications. The treatments consisted of 10 substrates: commercial substrate (Tropstrato HT®); sheep manure + sand (1:1); sheep manure + sand (2:1); sheep manure + sand (3:1); sheep manure + soil (1:1); sheep manure + soil (2:1); sheep manure + soil (3:1); sheep manure + sand + soil (1:1:1); sheep manure + sand + soil (2:1:1); sheep manure + sand + soil (3:1:1). The cultivars were Jacarezinho (pumpkin), Crimson Select Plus (watermelon) and Yellow (melon). Percentage and speed index of emergence were evaluated. Leaf number, seedling height, root length, shoot dry matter, and root dry matter were analyzed to quantify the development characteristics of the seedlings. For the pumpkin cultivation, the best quality seedlings were obtained when produced using the substrate made of sheep manure + soil in 3:1 proportion. The treatment of sheep manure + soil (2:1) showed the best results for the variables studied in seedlings of both watermelon and melon.

This quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study aimed to ascertain actions for the prevention of breast cancer among 20 nursing lecturers at the Federal University of Paraíba. The data was collected in August and September 2011, and the results showed that among the participants, the predominant age range was 40 – 50 years old, and that 60% worked exclusively as lecturers. It was confirmed that 17(85%) participants undertake examinations for prevention of breast cancer, principally through ultrasound of the breast and mammography, but that only 45% carry out monthly self-examination. The results indicate that the lecturers do not undertake the full range of measures against breast cancer, evidencing a gap between what they recommend as health professionals and what they do, as women.

Biodiversity can be useful as an ecosystem indicator for conservation and monitoring, through continuous assessment of its main properties including stability, primary productivity, exploitation tolerance and even global environmental changes. The main purpose of this study was to provide a checklist of the crabs associated with subtidal rocky bottoms at the Vitoria Archipelago, southeastern Brazilian coast. Monthly collections were carried out from February 2004 through January 2006 on three islands at the Vitória Archipelago (23°44’S-45°01’W). The crabs were hand-caught by SCUBA divers during the daytime, in rock subtidal. A total of 3084 individuals were caught, belonging to 42 species, 28 genera, and 12 families, highlighting Mithraculus forceps (1528) and Stenorhynchus seticornis (407) representing more than 60% of the sample. On the other hand, Dromia erythropus, Moreiradromia antilensis, Ebalia stimpsoni, Garthiope spinipes and Tumidotheres maculatus had only one individual sampled.

In this study, sulfated polysaccharide-rich extracts were isolated from 22 tropical seaweeds (4 red, 11 brown, and 7 green) found in northeastern Brazil, and evaluated for the role of anticoagulant agents. Fifteen of the extracts showed anticoagulant activity, including all the extracts from green seaweeds. Udotea flabellum (a green seaweed) extract was the most potent, requiring an amount of only 3 µg to double the plasma coagulation time in the activated partial thromboplastin time test. A similar result was obtained with 1 µg of heparin. Two sulfated homogalactans with anticoagulant activity, F-I (130 kDa) and F-II (75 kDa), were isolated from this extract using several bio-guided purification steps. Their anticoagulant activity, as well as properties related to antitumor activity (anti-proliferative, anti-adhesive, and anti-migratory), were accessed. Their anticoagulant activities were close to that of heparin. We found that F-I and F-II (0.5⁻10 μg/mL) were not able to directly inhibit thrombin. In the presence of anti-thrombin, F-I (0.5 μg/mL) was more effective than heparin (0.5 μg/mL) in inhibiting thrombin, while F-II showed similar effects as heparin. F-I and F-II also inhibited B16-F10 (murine melanoma cells) adhesion, migration, and proliferation on a fibronectin-coated surface, but not on laminin- or collagen I-coated surfaces. Except for the antiproliferative activity, the other effects of F-I and F-II were eliminated upon their desulfation (~50%), indicating that the degree of sulfation is not as important for F-I and F-II anti-proliferative activity as the sulfation position. Taken together, the results provide strong evidence for the potential utility of sulfated galactans from U. flabellum, making these compounds an interesting option for future investigations that aim to design new anticoagulant/antitumor agents.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se comparar a qualidade da água de coco obtida de frutos de coqueiro anã verde, produzidos em dois sistemas distintos de produção: convencional e orgânico, mediante as análises físicas (cor da casca, peso, volume, comprimento e diâmetro), físico-químicas (sólidos totais, acidez titulável, pH, turbidez, açúcares solúveis totais e redutores) e os minerais: (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Mn, P, sulfato, cloreto e C.E.); e análise sensorial. Foram realizados os seguintes parâmetros sensoriais: avaliação global, turbidez, doçura e sabor. Os frutos utilizados nesse experimento encontravam-se com 210 dias após a polinização das inflorescências e foram provenientes de dois plantios comerciais do município de Trairí- Ceará. O experimento foi desenvolvido no laboratório de Fisiologia e Tecnologia de Pós-Colheita da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza-CE. Foi observado, a partir dos resultados das análises físicas, que o coco produzido em sistema convencional é melhor do que os produzidos organicamente. Para todas as variáveis estudadas, porém apenas as medições de comprimento e peso mostraram diferenças importantes por meio do teste Tukey em um nível de 5% de probabilidade. Nas análises físico-químicas e análise sensorial não houve diferença significativa para os tratamentos.This work aimed to assess and compare the quality of coconut water produced in two different systems: standard and organic. The physical characteristics of the fruit were described (skin color, weight, water volume, length, and diameter), the physical-chemical characteristics of the water were assessed (total solid content, total titrable acidity, pH, turbidity, reducing and total soluble sugars), the mineral content was checked (Fe, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Mn, sulphate, chloride, and C.E.), and the sensory analysis was conducted assessing the following parameters: overall evaluation, turbidity, sweetness, and flavor. The fruits used in this experiment were harvested 210 days after the pollination of the flowers and were from two commercial plantations at the municipality of Trairí-Ceara.The experience was developed at the Physiology and Technology Post-Harvest Laboratory of Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Fortaleza-CE. We observed, from the results of the physical analysis, that the coconut produced in the standard system is better than that produced organically, for all of the studied variables. However, only the measurements of length and weight showed important differences through the Tukey test at the level of 5% probability. The physical-chemical and sensory analysis did not show significant differences between the treatments.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade das mudas de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) produzidas em tubetes com substrato artificial suplementado com fontes de material orgânico em diferentes proporções. O experimento foi conduzido sob delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3 x 6, com quatro repetições em parcelas formadas por seis tubetes. O primeiro fator correspondeu às fontes de material orgânico (esterco bovino, húmus de minhoca e cama de peru) e o segundo, suas proporções (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%) no substrato artificial (BioPlant-café) fertilizado com osmocote® (NPK 15-09-12). As características avaliadas foram: altura da muda, diâmetro de caule, número de pares de folhas, área foliar e massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Pode-se concluir que o húmus de minhoca adicionado ao substrato artificial na proporção de 80% ou em uso exclusivo (100%) aumentou a área foliar das mudas de cafeeiro e, como conseqüência proporcionou um maior acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea. O uso de esterco bovino (acima de 30%) e a cama de peru não alterou ou reduziu as características vegetativas das mudas de cafeeiro (altura da muda, diâmetro de caule, número de pares de folhas e área foliar) e diminuiu o acúmulo de massa seca.This work aimed to evaluate the quality of coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica L.) produced in small plastic containers with artificial substrate supplemented with sources of organic components in different proportions. The experiment was carried out using the randomized block design, in a 3 x 6 factorial structure, with four replications in plots composed of small plastic containers. The first factor corresponded to the sources (cattle manure, earthworm casting, and turkey manure) and the second to the proportions (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) in the artificial substrate (BioPlant-café®) fertilized with osmocote® (NPK 15-09-12). The characteristics evaluated were: seedling height, seedling stem diameter, number of pair of leaves, leaf area, shoot dry matter and root system dry matter. This work concluded that the earthworm casting added to the artificial substrate in proportion of 80% or by itself (100%) increases the leaf area of coffee seedlings and, as a consequence it provides a higher accumulation of dry matter in the shoot. The use of cattle (up to 30%) and turkey manure did not modify or reduced seedling height, seedling stem diameter, number of pair of leaves as well as the leaf area and decreased the accumulation of dry matter.

Symptomatic prostatic paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a very rare condition; however, it may express as a typical benign prostatic hyperplasia or a simulating prostatic adenocarcinoma. This case report presents PCM mimicking prostatic adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this paper is to call the general physician's attention to this important differential diagnosis.

Objective: After a period of five years, evaluate the use of early load in 24 patients at a private clinic. Methods: One hundred and three fixations and prosthetic rehabilitations were performed in 24 patients, with a mean age of 38 years (minimum of 23 and maximum of 72 years), eleven being women and 13 men, in whom 50 and 53 fixations respectively, were performed. Results: The success obtained among single dentures and splinted implant supported dentures was similar, around 92%. Conclusion: The predictability between the protocol of two separate stages and the protocol of immediate or early functional load is similar; the initial stability of the implant plays a fundamental role in the immediate or early functional load protocol.

None

Modelo do estudo: trata-se de um estudo descritivo. Objetivo: descrever a série histórica da mortalidade infantil no Brasil segundo a idade do óbito e os principais grupos de causas no período de 1994 a 2004. Também foi testada a associação da mortalidade infantil com indicadores socioeconômicos nos 297 municípios brasileiros com população superior a 80 mil habitantes. Métodos: os municípios foram divididos em quartis segundo as taxas de mortalidade infantil e aplicaram-se testes ANOVA e Kruskall-Wallis para identificar possíveis diferenças entre os grupos. Também foram descritos os coeficientes de correlação de Spearman entre a variável dependente e as independentes. Os dados foram oriundos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). Resultados: entre 1994 e 2004 houve declínio nas taxas de mortalidade infantil e alteração nos grupos de principais causas de óbitos infantis. Quando analisados apenas os municípios brasileiros de médio e grande porte, identificou-se que as taxas de mortalidade infantil apresentaram acentuada variação. Identificou-se, ainda, que todas as variáveis sócioeconômicas investigadas apresentaram correlação estatisticamente significante com a mortalidade infantil. Conclusão: políticas de atenção ao parto, à saúde materna, planejamento familiar e que agreguem ações de prevenção de doenças e promoção da saúde, devem ser dirigidas prioritariamente aos municípios que apresentem piores indicadores socioeconômicos.