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4 results on '"Daniel J. Keil"'

1. Efficacy of 10% imidacloprid + 2.5% moxidectin topical solution (Advantage Multi® for Dogs) for the prevention of heartworm disease and infection all month long

Author

Dwight D. Bowman, Cameon M. Ohmes, Joseph A. Hostetler, Daniel J. Keil, Terry L. Settje, and Samuel D. Charles

Subjects
Advantage Multi® for Dogs, Dirofilaria immitis, Heartworm disease, All-month protection, Forward protection, Persistent efficacy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Prior work has shown that the levels of moxidectin in dogs treated with Advantage Multi® for Dogs (Bayer Animal Health) remain at a high plasma concentration for the full month after application. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of 10% imidacloprid + 2.5% moxidectin topical solution (Advantage Multi® for Dogs, also known as Advocate® for Dogs) for the prevention of heartworm infection and disease 30 days after just one application. Methods Two groups of eight dogs each were included. Dogs in Group 1 received the product (Advantage Multi® for Dogs) while those in Group 2 remained as nontreated controls. All dogs entering the study completed a physical examination including examination for Dirofilaria immitis antigen and circulating microfilariae. Dogs in Group 1 were treated on Study Day (SD) –30 as per the label recommendation. Thirty days later (SD 0) dogs in Groups 1 and 2 were subcutaneously infected in the inguinal region with approximately 50 infective third-stage D. immitis larvae (“Missouri” isolate). Blood was collected on SDs 120 and 147 for examination for D. immitis antigen and circulating microfilariae. On SD 148, all animals were euthanized and necropsied for recovery of adult heartworms. All procedures were performed in accordance with the VICH GL9 guidelines. Results Examination and worm counts made at necropsy showed no heartworms in the treated dogs (Group 1) compared with six of eight nontreated dogs (Group 2) with heartworms (range of 2–33). The treated dogs (Group 1) had significantly fewer heartworms (p

Published
2017
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2. A Randomized Trial to Assess the Effect of Fluoroquinolone Metaphylaxis on the Fecal Prevalence and Quinolone Susceptibilities of Salmonella and Campylobacter in Feedlot Cattle

Author

Ashley B. Smith, David G. Renter, Natalia Cernicchiaro, Xiaorong Shi, Jason S. Nickell, Daniel J. Keil, and T.G. Nagaraja

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Salmonella, Veterinary medicine, Nalidixic acid, 030106 microbiology, Bovine respiratory disease, Cattle Diseases, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Quinolones, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Foodborne Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Feces, Random Allocation, Anti-Infective Agents, Campylobacter Infections, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Enrofloxacin, Prevalence, Animals, Humans, Salmonella Infections, Animal, biology, Campylobacter, Salmonella enterica, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Ciprofloxacin, Animal Science and Zoology, Cattle, Food Science, medicine.drug, Fluoroquinolones
Abstract

The study objective was to determine effects of fluoroquinolone metaphylaxis on fecal prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter and fecal prevalence of quinolone-resistant Salmonella and Campylobacter in feedlot cattle. On Day 0, cattle (n = 288) at risk for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) were randomly assigned to either a nontreated control pen (12 pens) or a fluoroquinolone-treated (enrofloxacin; Baytril® 100) pen (12 pens). Rectal fecal samples were collected from cattle on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Feces were cultured for Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter spp. using enrichment and selective isolation methods, and confirmed by serology and PCR. Susceptibilities to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were determined using microbroth dilution methods. Data analyses were performed using linear mixed models. Overall, Salmonella sp. and Campylobacter spp. were recovered from 10.2% (139/1,364) and 12.4% (170/1,364) of the fecal samples, respectively. Campylobacter species included hyointestinal...

Published
2017

3. Cloning and immunologic characterization of a truncated Bordetella bronchiseptica filamentous hemagglutinin fusion protein

Author

David A. Bemis, Eugene H. Burns, William R. Kisker, Daniel J. Keil, and Brad Fenwick

Subjects
Bordetella pertussis, Phage display, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Bacterial Adhesion, Microbiology, Dogs, medicine, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Virulence Factors, Bordetella, Cloning, Molecular, Adhesins, Bacterial, Whooping cough, Antiserum, Antigens, Bacterial, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Base Sequence, Immunodominant Epitopes, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Bacterial adhesin, Bordetella, Molecular Weight, Infectious Diseases, Hemagglutinins, Molecular Medicine, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Rabbits
Abstract

Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is an outer-membrane associated adhesin conserved within the genus Bordetella. FHA provides protection against B. pertussis infections in humans and is a component of acellular whooping cough vaccines. Furthermore, FHA serves as a protective antigen in several animal models of infection with B. bronchiseptica and may serve as a protective antigen of canine bordetellosis. In this study, polyclonal anti-B. pertussis FHA antiserum was used to identify an immunoreactive clone from the genomic DNA library of a canine B. bronchiseptica field isolate. The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the immunoreactive clone were compared to fhaB and FhaB from B. pertussis revealing 94% identity at the nucleic acid level, and 86% identity at the protein level. A truncated fusion protein (FHAt) was prepared which included a conserved domain homologous to the immunodominant region in the FHA of B. pertussis [Leininger E, Bowen S, Renauld-Mongen G, Rouse JH, Menozzi FD, Locht C, Heron I, Brennan MJ. Immunodominant domain present on the Bordetella pertussis vaccine component filamentous hemagglutinin. J. Infect. Dis. 1997;175:1423-1431; Wilson DR, Siebers A, Finlay BB. Antigenic analysis of Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin with phage display libraries and rabbit anti-filamentous hemagglutinin polyclonal antibodies. Infect. Immun. 1998;66:4884-4894]. FHAt was shown to be safe and antigenic in rabbits. FHAt induced the formation of antibodies that inhibit the hemagglutination associated with full length B. pertussis FHA, and inhibit adherence of B. bronchisepitca to canine fibroblasts by as much as 65%. This information may have implications for the development of safe and efficacious subunit vaccines for the prevention of canine bordetellosis and may contribute to future acellular whooping cough vaccines.

Published
1999

4. Evaluation of canine Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting and ribotyping

Author

Daniel J. Keil and Brad Fenwick

Subjects
Biology, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Microbiology, Ribotyping, Dogs, Genotype, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Animals, Typing, Genetic variability, Dog Diseases, Bordetella Infections, Genetics, Genetic diversity, General Veterinary, Genetic Variation, General Medicine, respiratory system, Chromosomes, Bacterial, biology.organism_classification, DNA Fingerprinting, RAPD, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique, DNA profiling
Abstract

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a respiratory tract pathogen in a variety of species. Previous studies suggest little genetic variation among canine B. bronchiseptica isolates. The degree of genetic diversity in 26 canine B. bronchiseptica strains was evaluated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting and ribotyping. Strains evaluated include historic reference strains ( N = 3), vaccine strains ( N = 5) and clinical isolates ( N = 18). RAPD fingerprinting with the 10-nucleotide primer OPA-4 resulted in four distinct fingerprint patterns. RAPD fingerprinting consistently separated four previously characterized electromorphotype (EMT) 6 strains into two fingerprint types. Ribotyping, using the restriction endonuclease Pvu I, resulted in six distinct ribotypes. With the exception of vaccine strains, considerable genetic diversity exists in the canine B. bronchiseptica isolates examined. These findings indicate the genetic variability within canine strains of B. bronchiseptica is greater than appreciated previously. Additionally, OPA-4 RAPD fingerprinting and Pvu I ribotyping will be useful tools in epidemiologic studies of canine B. bronchiseptica isolates.

Published
1999

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