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11 results on '"Daniel Caplan"'

1. Predicting dental caries outcomes in young adults using machine learning approach

Author

Chukwuebuka Ogwo, Grant Brown, John Warren, Daniel Caplan, and Steven Levy

Subjects
Machine learning, Dental, Caries, Longitudinal, Artificial intelliegence, Prediction, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Abstract Objectives To predict the dental caries outcomes in young adults from a set of longitudinally-obtained predictor variables and identify the most important predictors using machine learning techniques. Methods This study was conducted using the Iowa Fluoride Study dataset. The predictor variables - sex, mother’s education, family income, composite socio-economic status (SES), caries experience at ages 9, 13, and 17, and the cumulative estimates of risk and protective factors, including fluoride, dietary, and behavioral variables from ages 5–9, 9–13, 13–17, and 17–23 were used to predict the age 23 D2+MFS count. The following machine learning models (LASSO regression, generalized boosting machines (GBM), negative binomial (NegGLM), and extreme gradient boosting models (XGBOOST)) were compared under 5-fold cross validation with nested resampling techniques. Results The prevalence of cavitated level caries experience at age 23 (mean D2+MFS count) was 4.75. The predictive analysis found LASSO to be the best performing model (compared to GBM, NegGLM, and XGBOOST), with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.70, and coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.44. After dichotomization of the predicted and observed values of the LASSO regression, the classification results showed accuracy, precision, recall, and ROC AUC of 83.7%, 85.9%, 93.1%, 68.2%, respectively. Previous caries experience at age 13 and age 17 and sugar-sweetened beverages intakes at age 13 and age 17 were found to be the four most important predictors of cavitated caries count at age 23. Conclusion Our machine learning model showed high accuracy and precision in the prediction of caries in young adults from a longitudinally-obtained predictor variables. Our model could, in the future, after further development and validation with other diverse population data, be used by public health specialists and policy-makers as a screening tool to identify the risk of caries in young adults and apply more targeted interventions. However, data from a more diverse population are needed to improve the quality and generalizability of caries prediction.

Published
2024
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2. Computational Modeling and Empirical Analysis of a Biomass-Powered Drinking Water Pasteurization Technology

Author

Grace Burleson, Daniel Caplan, Catherine Mays, Nicholas Moses, Tala Navab-Daneshmand, Kendra Sharp, and Nordica MacCarty

Subjects
biomass, cookstove, bacteriophage, e. coli, us-epa drinking water standards, d-value, water purification, Technology
Abstract

While filtration, chlorination, and UV drinking water treatments are commonplace, globally an estimated 1.2 billion people continue to boil their drinking water over inefficient biomass fires instead because it allows them to use available resources paired with a time-tested and trusted method. Although boiling water is culturally well-established, there is vast potential to improve human health, environmental impact, and efficiency by leveraging the fact that a significant reduction in pathogenic microorganisms occurs at temperatures well below boiling through a process known as pasteurization. This paper presents the evaluation of a community-scale, biomass-powered, flow-through water pasteurization system that was designed to heat water to the temperature required for pasteurization to occur before recuperating heat while cooling treated water down to a safe-to-handle temperature. The system is then compared to other common thermal treatment methods including batch-boiling over open fires and improved cookstoves. Results from computational modeling and empirical analysis show that the water pasteurizer significantly increases the overall water treatment capacity (from 7.9 to 411 L/h, adjusted for one hour of treatment via household boiling and operation of the water pasteurizer at steady-state, respectively) and uses far less biomass fuel (from 22 to 5.5 g/L, adjusted for treatment of 1 L of water via household boiling and operation of the water pasteurizer at steady-state, respectively). Notable comparisons to the batch-boiling of water over institutional-sized traditional and improved cookstoves are also demonstrated. Further, the results of fecal indicator reduction through the system (8 log and 6 log reduction of E. coli and bacteriophage MS2, respectively) suggest compliance with US-EPA (6 log and 4 log reduction of E. coli and bacteriophage MS2, respectively) and WHO requirements (effluent concentrations below the detection limit, specified as E. coli CFU/100 mL and E. coli and bacteriophage for water treatment processes. It is recommended that engineers continue to explore the use of heat transfer and microorganism reduction theory to design technologies that increase the capacity and efficiency for thermal water purification that uses locally-available biomass resources.

Published
2020
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6. Scanning, Hundred Beam, 3D Imaging Lidars Operating at Megapixels per Second

Author

Cesar Ventura, Terence Barrett, Christopher Field, J. Marcos Sirota, Biruh Tesfaye, Roman Machan, Edward Leventhal, Spencer Disque, John J. Degnan, Daniel Caplan, and Yunhui Zheng

Subjects
Physics, Three dimensional imaging, Optics, law, business.industry, Bathymetry, Laser, business, Image resolution, Laser beams, Beam (structure), Remote sensing, law.invention
Abstract

We describe scanning, 100 beam, 3D imaging lidars, capable of interrogating up to 3.2 million Megapixels per second while operating at aircraft AGLs up to 9 km and speeds in excess of 200 knots .

Published
2015
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7. Bolus Inhalation of rhDNase with the AERx System in Subjects with Cystic Fibrosis

Author

Dawn Ericson, Daniel Caplan, Jerry Okikawa, John Thipphawong, Joanne Quan, David E. Geller, Babatunde Otulana, Laura Milgram, and C. Michael Bowman

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Cystic Fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis, Statistics, Nonparametric, Pulmonary function testing, Drug Delivery Systems, Bolus (medicine), Administration, Inhalation, Deoxyribonuclease I, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Child, Aerosols, Lung, Inhalation, business.industry, Nebulizers and Vaporizers, Respiratory disease, medicine.disease, Metered-dose inhaler, Respiratory Function Tests, Surgery, Nebulizer, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Anesthesia, Female, business
Abstract

Inhaled recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) delivered by nebulizer improves pulmonary function and reduces the rate of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis subjects. Standard jet nebulizers are relatively inefficient and require a delivery time of 10-20 min. We conducted an open-label, proof-of-concept study to evaluate whether bolus inhalation of rhDNase with a more efficient delivery system was safe and effective in cystic fibrosis subjects. The AERx system used for this study aerosolized 1.35 mg of rhDNase in three inhalations at a single sitting. The predicted AERx lung dose was approximately 0.68 mg, a dose consistent with lung doses of rhDNase given by jet nebulizer. In our 16 subjects with cystic fibrosis, a mean relative increase in FEV(1) of 7.8% (p < or = 0.001) was observed after 15 days of bolus delivery of rhDNase with the AERx system. The safety profile of rhDNase given as a bolus was similar to that observed with traditional nebulizer delivery. This study demonstrated that bolus inhalation of rhDNase was feasible, reasonably well-tolerated, and associated with improvement in pulmonary function in this small group of cystic fibrosis subjects.

Published
2003
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8. Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second Variability Helps Identify Patients with Cystic Fibrosis at Risk of Greater Loss of Lung Function

Author

Wayne J. Morgan, Donald R. VanDevanter, David J. Pasta, Aimee J. Foreman, Jeffrey S. Wagener, Michael W. Konstan, Wayne Morgan, Michael Konstan, Ted Liou, Susanna McColley, Ann McMullen, Alexandra Quittner, Warren Regelmann, Clement Ren, Margaret Rosenfeld, Greg Sawicki, Michael Schechter, Donald VanDevanter, Jeffrey Wagener, Marlyn Woo, Dana Brasfield, Raymond Lyrene, Lawrence Sindel, Dion Roberts, John Carroll, Robert Warren, Louay Nassri, Paula Anderson, Mark Brown, Amy Silverthorn, Peggy Radford, Gerald Gong, Gregory Legris, Gerald Greene, Reddivalam Sudhakar, Arnold Platzker, Bruce Nickerson, Karen Hardy, Ivan Harwood, Gregory Shay, Bryon Quick, Allan Lieberthal, Richard Moss, Chris Landon, Yvonne Fanous, Jay Lieberman, Eugene Spiritus, Bradley Chipps, Ruth McDonald, Mark Pian, Gerd Cropp, Nancy Lewis, Dennis Nielson, Bertrand Shapiro, Jeff Wagener, Frank Accurso, Milene Saavedra, Karen Daigle, Jacob Hen, Regina Palazzo, Kathryn Dodds, Raj Pad-man, John Goodill, Glenna Winnie, Lea Davies, Tony Kriseman, Jorge Sallent, Joseph Chiaro, Martin Kubiet, Sue Goldfinger, Morton Schwartzman, Carlosenrique Diaz, Kevin Maupin, Eduardo Riff, David Geller, Floyd Livingston, Kunjana Mavunda, Jose Birriel, Luis Faverio, David Rosenberg, David Schaeffer, James Sherman, Mary Wagner, Michael Light, Bruce Schnapf, Gary Montgomery, Kevin Kirchner, Mark Weatherly, Daniel Caplan, Margaret Guill, Valera Hudson, Javeed Akhter, Donald Davison, Steven Boas, Youngran Chung, Rennee Latner, Gabriel Aljadeff, Youngran Chan, Jerome Kraut, Arvey Stone, John Lloyd Still, Girish Sharma, Lanie Eagleton, Patricia Hopkins, Umesh Chatrath, Lucille Lester, Young-Jee Kim, Veena Anthony, Howard Eigan, Michelle Howenstine, Pushpom James, Edward Gergesha, James Harris, Robert Plant, Veljko Zivkovich, Angela Collins, Edward Nassif, Richard Ahrens, Daniel Doornbos, Joseph Kanarek, Richard Leff, Pamela Shaw, Elanor Demoss, Maria Riva, Leonard Sullivan, Michael Anstead, Jamshed Kanga, Nemr Eid, Ron Morton, Bettina Hilman, Kim Jones, Scott Davis, Ralph Harder, Tom Lever, Anne Marie Cairns, Edgar Caldwell, Jonathan Zuckerman, Peter Mogayzel, Beryl Rosenstein, John McQuestion, Donna Perry, Samuel Rosenberg, Robert Gerstle, Andrew Colin, Mary Ellen Wohl, Allan Lapey, William Yee, Brian O'Sullivan, Robert Zwerdling, Ibrahim Abdulhamid, Adrian O'Hagan, John Schuen, Lawrence Kurlandsky, Richard Honicky, Douglas Homnick, John Marks, Bohdan Pichurko, Norma Maxvold, Samya Nasr, Richard Simon, Wan Tsai, Dana Kissner, John McNamara, Nancy Henry, Stephen Marker, Michael Pryor, Lynn Walker, Jim Woodward, Louis Mizell, Suzanne Miller, Daniel Rosenbluth, Philip Black, Michael McCubbin, Alan Cohen, Thomas Ferkol, George Mallory, Anthony Rejent, Bruce Rubin, Gavin Graff, Peter Konig, John Colombo, Peter Murphy, William Boyle, Worth Parker, Chandler Patton, Robert Zanni, Arthur Atlas, Nelson Turcios, Lourdes Laraya-Cuasay, Dorothy Bisberg, Helen Aguila, Sarah Allen, David James, Elizabeth Perkett, Marsha Thompson, Sonia Budhecha, Ruben Diaz, Jonathan Rosen, Robert Kaslovsky, Ronald Percciacante, Drucy Borowitz, Joseph Cronin, Colin McMahon, Lynne Quittell, Robert Giusti, Rubin Cohen, Joan DeCelie-Germana, Jack Gorvoy, Kalpan Patel, Meyer Kattan, Allen Dozor, Emily DiMango, Maria Berdella, Ran Anbar, Debra Ianuzzi, James Sexton, Catherine Tayag-Kier, John McBride, Karen Voter, Mary Dimaio, John Georgitis, Joseph Marc Majure, Maria Martinez, Clarke McIntosh, Margaret Leigh, Hugh Black, James Hughes, Anand Kantak, Robert Wilmott, Gregory Omlor, Robert Stone, Karen McCoy, James Acton, Carl Doershuk, Robert Fink, Michael Steffan, Pierre Vauthy, Patricia Joseph, Santiago Reyes, John Kramer, James Royall, Jay Eisenberg, Michael Wall, Stanley Fiel, Thomas Scanlin, Shroti Phadke, Joel Weinberg, William Sexauer, Stephen Wolf, Douglas Holsclaw, Debra Klein, Stuart Warren, Robert Kinsey, Carlos Perez, Muttiah Ganeshanathan, James Shinnick, Howard Panitch, Laurie Varlotta, Cynthia Robinson, Jose Rodriguez Santana, Mary Ann Passero, Jane Gwinn, Robert Baker, Michael Bowman, Patrick Flume, Daniel Brown, Roxanne Marville, James Wallace, Rodney Parry, Don Ellenburg, John Rogers, Ricky Mohon, Joel Ledbetter, Aram Hanissian, Robert Schoumacher, Preston Campbell, Christopher Harris, Bonnie Slovis, Dennis Stokes, Kathryn Hale, Marcia Katz, Dan Seilheimer, Marianne Sockrider, Allan Frank, James Daniel, James Cunningham, Iley Browning, John Bray, Amanda Dove, Fernando Mandujano, Larry Tremper, Martha Morse, Donna Willey-Courand, Steven Copenhaver, John Pohl, Bennie McWilliams, Marie Martine-Logvinoff, Marsh Wallace, Robert Klein, Rodolfo Amaro, Leslie Couch, Michael Brown, Claude Prestidge, Stephen Inscore, Andrew Lipton, Barbara Chatfield, Theodore Liou, Bruce Marshall, Thomas Lahiri, Donald Swartz, Laurie Whittaker, Karl Karlson, Ignacio Ropoll, Thomas Rubio, Joel Schmidt, David Thomas, John Osborn, Deborah Froh, Benjamin Gaston, Greg Elliott, Ronald Gibson, Bonnie Ramsey, Michael McCarthy, Lawrence Larson, David Ricker, Mark Robbins, Moira Aitken, Julia Emerson, Stephen Aronoff, Kathryn Moffett, Julie Biller, Mark Splaingard, Bradley Sullivan, Paul Pritchard, Stu Adair, Peter Holzwarth, Guillermo Dopico, Keith Meyer, Christopher Green, and Michael Rock

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiologic study, Time Factors, Cystic Fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Forced Expiratory Volume, medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Child, Lung, Lung function, business.industry, respiratory system, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, 030228 respiratory system, Multicenter study, Predictive value of tests, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cardiology, Physical therapy, Female, business, Risk assessment, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

Objective To evaluate several alternative measures of forced expiratory volume in 1 second percent predicted (FEV 1 %pred) variability as potential predictors of future FEV 1 %pred decline in patients with cystic fibrosis. Study design We included 13 827 patients age ≥6 years from the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis 1994-2002 with ≥4 FEV 1 %pred measurements spanning ≥366 days in both a 2-year baseline period and a 2-year follow-up period. We predicted change from best baseline FEV 1 %pred to best follow-up FEV 1 %pred and change from baseline to best in the second follow-up year by using multivariable regression stratified by 4 lung-disease stages. We assessed 5 measures of variability (some as deviations from the best and some as deviations from the trend line) both alone and after controlling for demographic and clinical factors and for the slope and level of FEV 1 %pred. Results All 5 measures of FEV 1 %pred variability were predictive, but the strongest predictor was median deviation from the best FEV 1 %pred in the baseline period. The contribution to explanatory power (R 2 ) was substantial and exceeded the total contribution of all other factors excluding the FEV 1 %pred rate of decline. Adding the other variability measures provided minimal additional value. Conclusions Median deviation from the best FEV 1 %pred is a simple metric that markedly improves prediction of FEV 1 %pred decline even after the inclusion of demographic and clinical characteristics and the FEV 1 %pred rate of decline. The routine calculation of this variability measure could allow clinicians to better identify patients at risk and therefore in need of increased intervention.

Published
2014

9. Whole-exome sequencing identifies rare and low-frequency coding variants associated with LDL cholesterol

Author

Leslie A. Lange, Youna Hu, He Zhang, Chenyi Xue, Ellen M. Schmidt, Zheng-Zheng Tang, Chris Bizon, Ethan M. Lange, Joshua D. Smith, Emily H. Turner, Goo Jun, Hyun Min Kang, Gina Peloso, Paul Auer, Kuo-ping Li, Jason Flannick, Ji Zhang, Christian Fuchsberger, Kyle Gaulton, Cecilia Lindgren, Adam Locke, Alisa Manning, Xueling Sim, Manuel A. Rivas, Oddgeir L. Holmen, Omri Gottesman, Yingchang Lu, Douglas Ruderfer, Eli A. Stahl, Qing Duan, Yun Li, Peter Durda, Shuo Jiao, Aaron Isaacs, Albert Hofman, Joshua C. Bis, Adolfo Correa, Michael E. Griswold, Johanna Jakobsdottir, Albert V. Smith, Pamela J. Schreiner, Mary F. Feitosa, Qunyuan Zhang, Jennifer E. Huffman, Jacy Crosby, Christina L. Wassel, Ron Do, Nora Franceschini, Lisa W. Martin, Jennifer G. Robinson, Themistocles L. Assimes, David R. Crosslin, Elisabeth A. Rosenthal, Michael Tsai, Mark J. Rieder, Deborah N. Farlow, Aaron R. Folsom, Thomas Lumley, Ervin R. Fox, Christopher S. Carlson, Ulrike Peters, Rebecca D. Jackson, Cornelia M. van Duijn, André G. Uitterlinden, Daniel Levy, Jerome I. Rotter, Herman A. Taylor, Vilmundur Gudnason, David S. Siscovick, Myriam Fornage, Ingrid B. Borecki, Caroline Hayward, Igor Rudan, Y. Eugene Chen, Erwin P. Bottinger, Ruth J.F. Loos, Pål Sætrom, Kristian Hveem, Michael Boehnke, Leif Groop, Mark McCarthy, Thomas Meitinger, Christie M. Ballantyne, Stacey B. Gabriel, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Wendy S. Post, Kari E. North, Alexander P. Reiner, Eric Boerwinkle, Bruce M. Psaty, David Altshuler, Sekar Kathiresan, Dan-Yu Lin, Gail P. Jarvik, L. Adrienne Cupples, Charles Kooperberg, James G. Wilson, Deborah A. Nickerson, Goncalo R. Abecasis, Stephen S. Rich, Russell P. Tracy, Cristen J. Willer, David M. Altshuler, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Hooman Allayee, Sharon Cresci, Mark J. Daly, Paul I.W. de Bakker, Mark A. DePristo, Peter Donnelly, Tim Fennell, Kiran Garimella, Stanley L. Hazen, Daniel M. Jordan, Adam Kiezun, Guillaume Lettre, Bingshan Li, Mingyao Li, Christopher H. Newton-Cheh, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Sara Pulit, Daniel J. Rader, David Reich, Muredach P. Reilly, Steve Schwartz, Laura Scott, John A. Spertus, Nathaniel O. Stitziel, Nina Stoletzki, Shamil R. Sunyaev, Benjamin F. Voight, Ermeg Akylbekova, Larry D. Atwood, Maja Barbalic, R. Graham Barr, Emelia J. Benjamin, Joshua Bis, Donald W. Bowden, Jennifer Brody, Matthew Budoff, Greg Burke, Sarah Buxbaum, Jeff Carr, Donna T. Chen, Ida Y. Chen, Wei-Min Chen, Pat Concannon, Ralph D’Agostino, Anita L. DeStefano, Albert Dreisbach, Josée Dupuis, J. Peter Durda, Jaclyn Ellis, Caroline S. Fox, Ervin Fox, Vincent Funari, Santhi K. Ganesh, Julius Gardin, David Goff, Ora Gordon, Wayne Grody, Myron Gross, Xiuqing Guo, Ira M. Hall, Nancy L. Heard-Costa, Susan R. Heckbert, Nicholas Heintz, David M. Herrington, DeMarc Hickson, Jie Huang, Shih-Jen Hwang, David R. Jacobs, Nancy S. Jenny, Andrew D. Johnson, Craig W. Johnson, Steven Kawut, Richard Kronmal, Raluca Kurz, Martin G. Larson, Mark Lawson, Cora E. Lewis, Dalin Li, Honghuang Lin, Chunyu Liu, Jiankang Liu, Kiang Liu, Xiaoming Liu, Yongmei Liu, William T. Longstreth, Cay Loria, Kathryn Lunetta, Aaron J. Mackey, Rachel Mackey, Ani Manichaikul, Taylor Maxwell, Barbara McKnight, James B. Meigs, Alanna C. Morrison, Solomon K. Musani, Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Jennifer A. Nettleton, Kari North, Daniel O’Leary, Frank Ong, Walter Palmas, James S. Pankow, Nathan D. Pankratz, Shom Paul, Marco Perez, Sharina D. Person, Joseph Polak, Aaron R. Quinlan, Leslie J. Raffel, Vasan S. Ramachandran, Kenneth Rice, Jill P. Sanders, Pamela Schreiner, Sudha Seshadri, Steve Shea, Stephen Sidney, Kevin Silverstein, Nicholas L. Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Asoke Srinivasan, Kent Taylor, Fridtjof Thomas, Michael Y. Tsai, Kelly A. Volcik, Chrstina L. Wassel, Karol Watson, Gina Wei, Wendy White, Kerri L. Wiggins, Jemma B. Wilk, O. Dale Williams, Gregory Wilson, Phillip Wolf, Neil A. Zakai, John Hardy, James F. Meschia, Michael Nalls, Andrew Singleton, Brad Worrall, Michael J. Bamshad, Kathleen C. Barnes, Ibrahim Abdulhamid, Frank Accurso, Ran Anbar, Terri Beaty, Abigail Bigham, Phillip Black, Eugene Bleecker, Kati Buckingham, Anne Marie Cairns, Daniel Caplan, Barbara Chatfield, Aaron Chidekel, Michael Cho, David C. Christiani, James D. Crapo, Julia Crouch, Denise Daley, Anthony Dang, Hong Dang, Alicia De Paula, Joan DeCelie-Germana, Allen DozorMitch Drumm, Maynard Dyson, Julia Emerson, Mary J. Emond, Thomas Ferkol, Robert Fink, Cassandra Foster, Deborah Froh, Li Gao, William Gershan, Ronald L. Gibson, Elizabeth Godwin, Magdalen Gondor, Hector Gutierrez, Nadia N. Hansel, Paul M. Hassoun, Peter Hiatt, John E. Hokanson, Michelle Howenstine, Laura K. Hummer, Jamshed Kanga, Yoonhee Kim, Michael R. Knowles, Michael Konstan, Thomas Lahiri, Nan Laird, Christoph Lange, Lin Lin, Xihong Lin, Tin L. Louie, David Lynch, Barry Make, Thomas R. Martin, Steve C. Mathai, Rasika A. Mathias, John McNamara, Sharon McNamara, Deborah Meyers, Susan Millard, Peter Mogayzel, Richard Moss, Tanda Murray, Dennis Nielson, Blakeslee Noyes, Wanda O’Neal, David Orenstein, Brian O’Sullivan, Rhonda Pace, Peter Pare, H. Worth Parker, Mary Ann Passero, Elizabeth Perkett, Adrienne Prestridge, Nicholas M. Rafaels, Bonnie Ramsey, Elizabeth Regan, Clement Ren, George Retsch-Bogart, Michael Rock, Antony Rosen, Margaret Rosenfeld, Ingo Ruczinski, Andrew Sanford, David Schaeffer, Cindy Sell, Daniel Sheehan, Edwin K. Silverman, Don Sin, Terry Spencer, Jackie Stonebraker, Holly K. Tabor, Laurie Varlotta, Candelaria I. Vergara, Robert Weiss, Fred Wigley, Robert A. Wise, Fred A. Wright, Mark M. Wurfel, Robert Zanni, Fei Zou, Phil Green, Jay Shendure, Joshua M. Akey, Carlos D. Bustamante, Evan E. Eichler, P. Keolu Fox, Wenqing Fu, Adam Gordon, Simon Gravel, Jill M. Johnsen, Mengyuan Kan, Eimear E. Kenny, Jeffrey M. Kidd, Fremiet Lara-Garduno, Suzanne M. Leal, Dajiang J. Liu, Sean McGee, Timothy D. O’Connor, Bryan Paeper, Peggy D. Robertson, Jeffrey C. Staples, Jacob A. Tennessen, Gao Wang, Qian Yi, Rebecca Jackson, Garnet Anderson, Hoda Anton-Culver, Paul L. Auer, Shirley Beresford, Henry Black, Robert Brunner, Robert Brzyski, Dale Burwen, Bette Caan, Cara L. Carty, Rowan Chlebowski, Steven Cummings, J. David Curb, Charles B. Eaton, Leslie Ford, Stephanie M. Fullerton, Margery Gass, Nancy Geller, Gerardo Heiss, Barbara V. Howard, Li Hsu, Carolyn M. Hutter, John Ioannidis, Karen C. Johnson, Lewis Kuller, Andrea LaCroix, Kamakshi Lakshminarayan, Dorothy Lane, Norman Lasser, Erin LeBlanc, Kuo-Ping Li, Marian Limacher, Benjamin A. Logsdon, Shari Ludlam, JoAnn E. Manson, Karen Margolis, Lisa Martin, Joan McGowan, Keri L. Monda, Jane Morley Kotchen, Lauren Nathan, Judith Ockene, Mary Jo O’Sullivan, Lawrence S. Phillips, Ross L. Prentice, John Robbins, Jacques E. Rossouw, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Gloria E. Sarto, Sally Shumaker, Michael S. Simon, Marcia L. Stefanick, Evan Stein, Hua Tang, Kira C. Taylor, Cynthia A. Thomson, Timothy A. Thornton, Linda Van Horn, Mara Vitolins, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Robert Wallace, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Donglin Zeng, Deborah Applebaum-Bowden, Michael Feolo, Weiniu Gan, Dina N. Paltoo, Phyliss Sholinsky, Anne Sturcke, Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine

Subjects
Male, Genome-wide association study, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, Receptors, Genotype, Dyslipidemias/blood, Receptors, LDL/genetics, Genetics(clinical), Exome, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Serine Endopeptidases, Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Cholesterol, Phenotype, Genetic Code, Cholesterol, LDL/genetics, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Proprotein Convertases, Proprotein Convertase 9, Sequence Analysis, Adult, Apolipoproteins E/blood, LDL/genetics, Serine Endopeptidases/genetics, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, Polymorphism, Allele frequency, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, Aged, Dyslipidemias, PCSK9, DNA, Cholesterol, LDL, Lipase, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Receptors, LDL, Lipase/genetics, Proprotein Convertases/genetics, Follow-Up Studies, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a treatable, heritable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 157 variants associated with lipid levels but are not well suited to assess the impact of rare and low-frequency variants. To determine whether rare or low-frequency coding variants are associated with LDL-C, we exome sequenced 2,005 individuals, including 554 individuals selected for extreme LDL-C (>98(th) or

Published
2014

10. Proximal caries detection: Sirona Sidexis versus Kodak Ektaspeed Plus

Author

Emad A, Khan, Donald A, Tyndall, John B, Ludlow, and Daniel, Caplan

Subjects
Area Under Curve, Radiography, Dental, Humans, Radiography, Dental, Digital, Dental Caries, Tooth
Abstract

This study compared the accuracy of intraoral film and a charge-coupled device (CCD) receptor for proximal caries detection. Four observers evaluated images of the proximal surfaces of 40 extracted posterior teeth. The presence or absence of caries was scored using a five-point confidence scale. The actual status of each surface was determined from ground section histology. Responses were evaluated by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Areas under ROC curves (Az) were assessed through a paired t-test. The performance of the CCD-based intraoral sensor was not different statistically from Ektaspeed Plus film in detecting proximal caries.

Published
2005

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