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In a survey of the arthropod fauna of 33 Urban Green Spaces (UGS) in Bogotá, Colombia, between 2017 and 2019, 21 species (3,825 specimens) of Psylloidea were collected. These represent all seven recognised families of jumping plant-lice and include seven species identified only to genus. The specimens, all adults, were collected on 30 plant species used for arborization in the UGS. Two species are described as new (Mastigimas longicaudatus Rendón-Mera, Burckhardt & Vargas-Fonseca, sp. nov. and Leuronota albilinea Rendón-Mera, Burckhardt & Vargas-Fonseca, sp. nov.), one species is redescribed (Mastigimas colombianus Burckhardt, Queiroz & Drohojowska) and one species is recorded for the first time from Colombia (Calinda trinervis Olivares & Burckhardt). Among the seven species identified only to genus is an undescribed species of Melanastera, representing a genus not previously known from Colombia. Fourteen species found during the survey are probably native (66%) and seven (33%) adventive. Our findings highlight the significance of UGS for preservation of biological diversity and stress the importance of using native plants in urban landscape planning for the conservation of the native entomofauna.

Melanastera sinica He & Burckhardt, sp. nov., a new psylloid species developing on Grewia sp., is described from Hainan, China. It is the first Melanastera species reported from Asia and China, and the second species from the Old World. While New World species of Melanastera are mostly associated with the plant families Melastomataceae and Annonaceae, the two Old World species develop on the malvaceous Grewia, a host otherwise used in psylloids by two Haplaphalara species. The new species is described, diagnosed and illustrated, and its host plant and biogeographic ranges are discussed.

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ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.

Epipsylla Kuwayama, 1908, constitutes an Old World genus of psyllids with 15 described species. Based on characters of immatures, Epipsylla was recently assigned to Ciriacreminae (Psyllidae). The genus is morphologically well circumscribed but species are currently difficult to identify as many descriptions lack detail and precision. Eight species are reported from the Chinese mainland. Here, we provide diagnoses for the adults of these species and, as far as known, the fifth-instar immatures. Figures are provided of taxonomically relevant adult characters. A new species, Epipsylla suni sp. nov., is described from Yunnan (China). We provide illustrations of its habitus and morphological features, and list the host plant. Furthermore, we sequenced the mitochondrial genome of the new species and constructed a phylogenetic tree using thirteen protein-coding genes and two rRNA genes. The results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood method support the assignment to Ciriacreminae.

Five species of Psyllinae are recognised from Gunung Kinabalu, all previously unknown, and are formally described and named: Cacopsylla graciliforceps sp. nov., C. kinabaluensis sp. nov., C. myrsines sp. nov., C. photiniae sp. nov. and Psylla cirrita sp. nov. Another species similar to P. cirrita remains undescribed due to lack of sufficient material. Two Philippine species closely related to C. kinabaluensis are transferred to Cacopsylla as Cacopsylla aranetae (Miyatake, 1972), comb. nov. and Cacopsylla bakeri (Crawford, 1919), comb. nov. (both from Psylla). Three of the Cacopsylla species probably represent Palaearctic faunal elements (Cacopsylla graciliforceps, C. myrsines and C. photiniae). Host information is available only for Cacopsylla myrsines and C. photiniae, viz. Myrsine dasyphylla (Primulaceae) and Photinia davidiana (Rosaceae), respectively. Myrsine has not been previously reported as host genus of Psylloidea. The five new species bring the number of known Psylloidea species from Gunung Kinabalu to 22. The biogeographic relationships found in the flora, i.e. Oriental elements predominate at lower altitudes, and Himalayan and Australian elements are dominant at altitudes above 2500 m, are reflected in the psyllid fauna (Oriental 4 spp.; Australian 13 spp., Himalayan 3 spp.; unknown 2 spp.). Of the 22 species known from Gunung Kinabalu, 18 are only known from there. This high number is probably only partly due to endemism and is partly due to insufficient knowledge of the psyllid fauna of Borneo and of the tropics in general.

Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are plant sap-sucking insects whose identification is often difficult for non-experts. Despite the rapid development of DNA barcoding techniques and their widespread use, only a limited number of sequences of psyllids are available in the public databases, and those that are available are often misidentified. Here, we provide 80 sequences of two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb), for 25 species of Aphalaridae, mainly from Bulgaria. The DNA barcodes for 15 of these species are published for the first time. In cases where standard primers failed to amplify the target gene fragment, we designed new primers that can be used in future studies. The distance-based thresholds for the analysed species were between 0.0015 and 0.3415 for COI and 0.0771 and 0.4721 for Cytb, indicating that the Cytb gene has a higher interspecific divergence, compared to COI, and therefore allows for more accurate species identification. The species delimitation based on DNA barcodes is largely consistent with the differences resulting from morphological and host plant data, demonstrating that the use of DNA barcodes is suitable for successful identification of most aphalarid species studied. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, while showing similar results at high taxonomic levels to previously published phylogenies, provides additional information on the placement of aphalarids at the species level. The following five species represent new records for Bulgaria: Agonoscena targionii, Aphalara affinis, Colposcenia aliena, Co. bidentata, and Craspedolepta malachitica. Craspedolepta conspersa is reported for the first time from the Czech Republic, while Agonoscena cisti is reported for the first time from Albania.

Fossils can document the morphological diversification through time and date lineages, providing relevant characters are preserved. Primascena Klimaszewsi, 1997 was erected for P. subita Klimaszewsi, 1997 on the basis of a single, partly damaged male from Dominican amber. Originally assigned to Rhinocolidae: Paurocephalinae, the genus was subsequently transferred to Psyllidae: Aphalaroidinae. Recently, two undescribed species resembling the fossil species were discovered in Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), allowing a detailed morphological study of adults and immatures. Based on the morphological study, a revised diagnosis of the genus is provided, including the previously unknown female and fifth instar immatures. Primascena subita is redescribed and P. empsycha n. spec. and P. ruprechtiae n. spec. are formally described and illustrated. An identification key is provided for the species of Primascena. A cladistic morphological analysis supports the placement of the two new species in Primascena, and of this genus in the Aphalaroidinae. It is sister to all but Aphalaroida, though with little support. The two Brazilian species develop on Ruprechtia spp. (Polygonaceae: Eriogonoideae), an unusual psyllid host. Immatures of P. ruprechtiae are free-living on the lower leaf face and do not induce galls.

Eryngiofaga perrara sp. nov. is described, diagnosed and illustrated from two adult specimens found on Mount Pilatus (Switzerland, Obwalden). The new species is morphologically most similar to E. matura (Loginova, 1972), a species from Mongolia, from which it differs in the light genal processes and in details of the terminalia. Eryngiofaga consists of 13 previously described species of which five occur in Central and Western Europe. Up to now, the genus was not known from Switzerland or the Alps. The host plant of E. perrara remains unknown, but Bupleurum ranunculoides L. (Apiaceae) is a likely candidate.

R E S U M O O psilídeo-das-ponteiras do eucalipto Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor, 1985 (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) é um inseto originário da Austrália e foi introduzido em vários outros continentes, incluindo as Américas. As colônias se concentram nas ponteiras apicais do eucalipto, onde adultos e imaturos sugam a seiva da planta, causando distorções, diminuição do crescimento, morte da ponteira apical e enfraquecimento geral da planta. Este trabalho tem o objetivo avaliar a flutuação populacional do psilídeo-das-ponteiras do eucalipto, em condições de campo, em Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil. As observações foram feitas entre maio de 2018 e abril de 2021, em plantios de híbridos de Eucalyptus urophylla x E. camaldulensis, sendo realizadas coletas com intervalo de 20 dias. Para a obtenção de ovos e imaturos foram coletadas ponteiras de eucalipto e, para captura de adultos utilizou-se rede entomológica. Como resultado obteve-se médias mensais por planta de 14,4 ovos, 12,6 imaturos e 5,2 adultos. O maior número de indivíduos de B. occidentalis ocorreu nos períodos de seca (maio a setembro) e declínio populacional nos períodos com elevadas precipitações (dezembro a janeiro). Blastopsylla occidentalis foi encontrada em campo em todas as fases de vida (ovos, imaturos e adultos), em todas as épocas do ano, indicando que, nas condições observadas, o inseto é polivoltino. Palavras-Chaves: Distribuição; Entomologia florestal; Monitoramento; Praga florestal; Precipitação. Population fluctuation of Blastopsylla occidentalis in eucalyptus plantation in Sinop, Mato Grosso (Brazil) A B S T R A C T The eucalyptus shoot psyllid Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor, 1985 (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) is native to Australia and has been inadvertedly introduced into other continents, including the Americas. The colonies are concentrated on the apical tips of the branches, where adults and immatures suck plant sap, causing distortions, reduced growth, death of the apical tip and general weakening of the plant. This work aims to evaluate the population fluctuation of the eucalyptus shoot psyllid under field conditions, in Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The observations were made between May 2018 and April 2021, in plantations of hybrids of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. camaldulensis, with collections carried out in intervals of 20 days. To obtain eggs and immatures, eucalypt branchlets were collected and, to capture adults, an entomological net was used. As a result, monthly averages per plant of 14.4 eggs, 12.6 immatures and 5.2 adults were obtained. The highest number of B. occidentalis individuals occurred in the dry season (May to September) and population decline in the periods with high rainfall (December to January), showing an inversely proportional correlation between the insect population and rainfall. None of the insect phases was significantly correlated with temperature. Blastopsylla occidentalis was found in the field in all life stages (eggs, immatures and adults), at all times of the year, indicating that, under the observed conditions, the species is polyvoltine. Keywords: Distribution; Forest entomology; Forest pest; Monitoring; Precipitation.

Gunung Kinabalu is famous for its exceptionally diverse fauna and flora, rich in endemism. An example is the psyllid genus Ctenarytaina that is represented by four, apparently endemic species. Here two new Ctenarytaina species, C. lienhardi sp. nov. and C. smetanai sp. nov., are described from Gunung Kinabalu. The new taxa are diagnosed, illustrated and their relationships to other species in the genus are discussed. Ctenarytaina daleae Burckhardt is redescribed. The species develops on Leptospermum species (Myrtaceae) and not Syzygium as previously suggested.

ABSTRACT Some psyllids transmit 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso), the causal agent of devastating plant diseases of cultivated Solanaceae and Apiaceae. The recent detection of Bactericera cockerelli and Lso in Ecuador seriously threatens these crops in South America. There, neither the role of native psyllids in the Lso epidemiology nor the psyllid fauna of vegetables are known. With the aim to identify potential vectors and risk scenarios for the spread of Lso in South America, a survey of the psyllid fauna of Solanaceae and Apiaceae crops and associated weeds was conducted in Brazil. Samples were taken at 29 localities in four states. A total of 2857 specimens were sampled, representing at least 37 species of 23 genera and seven families. The most frequent species on carrot, chilli pepper and potato were Russelliana solanicola, R. capsici and Isogonoceraia divergipennis, respectively. Immatures of R. capsici were found on chilli pepper and of R. solanicola on carrot and potato, confirming these plants as hosts. The two psyllid species have been suspected previously to transmit plant pathogens of unknown identity. Russelliana solanicola is one of the few polyphagous species. Here the species is reported for the first time from carrot. Recent collections in Rio Grande do Sul suggest that Solanum laxum represents the original host of R. capsici, which subsequently shifted to chilli pepper. Both, adaptation to agricultural crops and the possibility of ability to transmit pathogens, make the two Russelliana species dangerous potential vectors of Lso and other plant pathogens in South America.

Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov., associated with Poiretia bahiana C. Mueller (Fabaceae, Faboideae, Dalbergieae), is described, diagnosed and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to M. aeschynomenis, M. aurantia, M. cubana and M. didyma from which it differs in details of the terminalia and the host plant. Poiretia constitutes a previously unknown psyllid host. As its host, Mitrapsylla rupestris sp. nov. is probably endemic to rock habitats of the Espinhaço Range in eastern Brazil. These rock habitats display a high species diversity but are seriously threatened by human activities. More research on these habitats is urgently needed to design efficient conservation strategies.

Abstract Amecephala pusilla gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated on the basis of a well-preserved female psyllid (Liadopsyllidae) in a piece of Cretaceous Myanmar amber. The new genus differs from other members of Liadopsyllidae in details of the antennae and forewings. For the first time, the presence of a circumanal ring is documented for Mesozoic psyllids. Based on differences in the length of female terminalia, it is suggested that Liadopsyllidae may have displayed a diversified oviposition biology. As far as known, Liadopsyllidae lack a pulvillus, a putative autapomorphy supporting the monophyly of Liadopsyllidae. An identification key to genera and an annotated checklist of known Liadopsyllidae species are provided. New synonyms and combinations are proposed and the status of the subfamily Miralinae is discussed.

The Neotropical species of the predominantly north temperate genus Aphalara are reviewed. Four species are recorded here from this region, two of which are described as new. Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. occurs in southern Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina) and represents the first and only species reported from South America. A second new species, Aphalara ortegae sp. nov., is described from Mexico and Puerto Rico. Another two species, Aphalara persicaria Caldwell, 1937 and A. simila Caldwell, 1937, have been previously reported from Mexico and the USA, and one of them also from Cuba. The two new species are both associated with Persicaria hydropiperoides and P. punctata (Polygonaceae) on which the immatures induce leaf roll galls. The two new species are morphologically similar to A. persicaria, to which they are probably closely related. A key is provided for the adults and immatures of the Neotropical species of Aphalara.

Trioza turouguei sp. nov., a new species of jumping plant lice (Hemiptera, Triozidae) from Taiwan, is described and illustrated based on adults and immatures. The latter induce pea-shaped galls on the stems of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh. (Lauraceae). The gall phenology of the new species is described. A list of species of Triozidae associated with Cinnamomum in the Old World is provided. The following nomenclatorial acts are proposed: Trioza inflata Li, 1992 = Trioza xiangicamphorae Li, 1992, syn. nov.; Siphonaleyrodes formosanus Takahashi, 1932, stat. rev., is removed from synonymy with Trioza cinnamomi (Boselli, 1931).

Distributional records in Brazil are provided for two psyllid species, Auchmerina limbatipennis Enderlein, documented for the states of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and São Paulo, and A. tuthilli Klimaszewski, for Paraná and Santa Catarina. Host plants for these species are reported for the first time. A. limbatipennis develops on Inga laurina and I. marginata (Fabaceae), and it displays a dimorphism (presence or absence of a distal dark band on the forewing), that is not sexual nor seasonal. A.tuthilli probably develops on Inga spp. As well. For the first time, the immatures of Auchmerina are described.

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The classification of the superfamily Psylloidea is revised to incorporate findings from recent molecular studies, and to integrate a reassessment of monophyla primarily based on molecular data with morphological evidence and previous classifications. We incorporate a reinterpretation of relevant morphology in the light of the molecular findings and discuss conflicts with respect to different data sources and sampling strategies. Seven families are recognised of which four (Calophyidae, Carsidaridae, Mastigimatidae and Triozidae) are strongly supported, and three (Aphalaridae, Liviidae and Psyllidae) weakly or moderately supported. Although the revised classification is mostly similar to those recognised by recent authors, there are some notable differences, such as Diaphorina and Katacephala which are transferred from Liviidae to Psyllidae. Five new subfamilies and one new genus are described, and one secondary homonym is replaced by a new species name. A new or revised status is proposed for one family, four subfamilies, four tribes, seven subtribes and five genera. One tribe and eight genera / subgenera are synonymised, and 32 new and six revised species combinations are proposed. All recognised genera of Psylloidea (extant and fossil) are assigned to family level taxa, except for one which is considered a nomen dubium.

During a faunistic survey of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in the Iranian province of Kerman in spring 2015, Cacopsylla dissimilis (Baeva) comb. nov. was collected on Salix pycnostachya. This species was previously known only from Tajikistan. It is reported here for the first time from Iran. The host species, Salix pycnostachya, is also newly recorded. We provide detailed morphological descriptions of adults and fifth instar immatures, and discuss differences to closely related species, in particular Cacopsylla nigrita (Zetterstedt).

During a faunistic survey of the jumping plant-lice in the Tehran province of Iran in spring 2016, the blackberry psyllid, Phylloplecta trisignata (Löw, 1886), was collected on Rubus sp. (Rosales: Rosaceae). This is the first record of the species and the genus Phylloplecta for Iran, expanding the known distributional range of the species considerably eastwards.

Four new Trioza species associated with mistletoes are described, diagnosed and illustrated from Brazil and Chile. They are monophagous on the Loranthaceae Struthanthus uraguensis (Trioza struthanthi sp. n.), Tripodanthus acutifolius (Trioza tripodanthi sp. n.) and narrowly oligophagous on Tristerix spp. (Trioza tristericis sp. n.). For a fourth species (Trioza vagata sp. n.) host information is unavailable but its association with mistletoes is likely. The four species form a putative monophyletic group, together with three North American species (Trioza acuminata Tuthill, T. incidata Tuthill and T. phorodendrae Tuthill), based on the apically incised paramere, the highly modified valvulae of the female ovipositor and the host association with mistletoes. T. acuminata stat. n. from California is raised to species rank (originally described as subspecies of T. phorodendrae). The Trioza struthanthi-group is diagnosed and a key for the identification of its constituent members is provided. New host data are provided for Calophya sp. from Brazil as well as for Notophorina fusca Burckhardt and Zonopelma australis Burckhardt from Chile. Host plant and biogeographical patterns of mistletoe feeding psyllids around the world are briefly discussed.

Heteropsylla caldwelli Burckhardt (Psyllidae, Ciriacreminae) is reported for the first time from Brazil (States of Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul) from Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. The earpod tree, from Albizia edwallii (Hoehne) Barneby and J.W. Grimes and Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), all previously unknown hosts. The population dynamics of the psyllid were investigated in a seven-year-old plantation of E. contortisiliquum in an abandoned open-pit coal mine in Candiota, Rio Grande do Sul during two years. The population showed peaks in spring and summer, correlating directly with the mean air temperature and the population size of microhymenoptera. Keywords: Distribution, Fabaceae, Host plant, Jumping plant-lice, Neotropical

Little is known about the jumping plant-lice of Brazil from where seven families, 45 genera and 76 species have been previously reported, but estimates suggest that there may be as many as 1,000 species. This study reports 34 species of Psylloidea which were collected along the edges of Amazon–Cerrado natural transitional forests in the municipality of Sorriso, state of Mato Grosso, from August 2013 to July 2014. Of the species reported in this study only nine represent described taxa, two of which are reported for the first time from Mato Grosso.

The Pear Psyllid, Cacopsylla bidens (Šulc, 1907), is here reported from the Department of Canelones, the major region of pear production in Uruguay. Previous records of C. pyricola (Foerster, 1848) from Uruguay are misidentifications of C. bidens. Information is provided on the taxonomy and biology of this species.

The use of silicon in forestry has increased recently as it is directly related to improved resistance to insect pests. The red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei, occurs in all eucalypt producing regions in Brazil. Two field experiments were conducted to study the effect of silicon applied to Eucalyptus camaldulensis on the psyllid population. In the first experiment, the applications were made via soil (calcium silicate) and leaves (potassium silicate) in a nine months old E. camaldulensis plantation. In the second experiment, we evaluated silicon on seedlings, incorporating it into the substrate (soil) or applying it on leaves (foliar). Monthly, for 24 months, the number of psyllid eggs and immatures were counted on leaf samples. The plant height was measured at 9, 12, 16 and 24 months (experiment 1) and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 months (experiment 2) after application. The numbers of eggs and immatures were lower in periods of higher precipitation, indicating less psyllid attack during the rainy season. The psyllid population was lower in treatments with application of silicon both foliar and via soil compared to control. No significant differences were found in the height of E. camaldulensis plants. O uso do silício na área florestal tem aumentado recentemente, pois o elemento está relacionado a uma melhoria na resistência a insetos pragas. O psilídeo de concha, Glycaspis brimblecombei é encontrado em todas as regiões produtoras de eucalipto no Brasil. O efeito do silício aplicado em Eucalyptus camaldulensis, na população do psilídeo, foi estudado em dois ensaios. No primeiro experimento, as aplicações foram via solo (silicato de cálcio) e foliar (silicato de potássio) em uma plantação de nove meses. No segundo experimento, este mineral foi aplicado em mudas de eucalipto, no substrato ou sobre as folhas. Mensalmente, durante 24 meses, ovos e imaturos de G. brimblecombei foram amostrados nas folhas. A altura das plantas foi medida com 9, 12, 16 e 24 meses (experimento 1) e, aos 4, 8, 12 e 24 meses (experimento 2) após a aplicação dos tratamentos. O número de ovos e de imaturos foram menores nos períodos de maior precipitação, indicando menos ataque dos psilídeos durante a estação chuvosa. A população psilídeo foi menor nos tratamentos com aplicação de silício tanto foliar como via solo. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada na altura de plantas de E. camaldulensis.

Apple proliferation is an economically important disease and a threat for commercial apple cultivation. The causative pathogen, the bacterium ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’, is mainly transmitted by Cacopsylla picta, a phloem-feeding insect that develops on the apple tree (Malus spp.). To investigate the feeding behavior of adults of the phytoplasma vector Cacopsylla picta in more detail, we used deep sequencing technology to identify plant-specific DNA ingested by the insect. Adult psyllids were collected in different apple orchards in the Trentino-South Tyrol region of northern Italy. DNA from the whole body of the insect was extracted and analyzed for the presence of plant DNA by performing PCR with two plant-specific primers that target the chloroplast regions trnH-psbA and rbcLa. DNA from 23 plant genera (trnH) and four plant families (rbcLa) of woody and herbaceous plant taxa was detected. Up to six and three plant genera and families, respectively, could be determined in single specimens. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the feeding behavior of adult Cacopsylla picta.

The eucalypt shoot psyllid, Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor, 1985 (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), is reported here for the first time from Burundi, Indonesia (Sumatra), Nicaragua, the Philippines and Yemen. The record from Paraguay is shown to be erroneous. New state records are given for the Brazilian states Bahia, Ceará, Piauí and Rio Grande do Sul. Eucalyptus viminalis is listed for the first time as host of B. occidentalis.

Se presenta la lista de material tipo de Insecta depositado en la colección del Laboratorio de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria (SENASA), Lima, Perú, comprendiendo 21 especies de Psylloidea (Hemiptera), 4 de Cicadellidae (Hemiptera), 4 de Curculionidae (Coleoptera) y 2 de Tachinidae (Diptera), todas provenientes de localidades peruanas. Los tipos de Tachinidae descritos por Charles Townsend no han sido incluidos en esta relación.

Food security is threatened by newly emerging pests with increased invasive potential accelerated through globalization. The Neotropical jumping plant louse Russelliana solanicola Tuthill is currently a localized potato pest and probable vector of plant pathogens. It is an unusually polyphagous species and is widely distributed in and along the Andes. To date, introductions have been detected in eastern Argentina, southern Brazil and Uruguay. Species distribution models (SDMs) and trait comparisons based on contemporary and historical collections are used to estimate the potential spread of R. solanicola worldwide. We also extend our analyses to all described species in the genus Russelliana in order to assess the value of looking beyond pest species to predict pest spread. We investigate the extent to which data on geographical range and environmental niche can be effectively extracted from museum collections for comparative analyses of pest and non-pest species in Russelliana. Our results indicate that R. solanicola has potential for invasion in many parts of the world with suitable environmental conditions that currently have or are anticipated to increase potato cultivation. Large geographical ranges are characteristic of a morphological subgeneric taxon group that includes R. solanicola; this same group also has a larger environmental breadth than other groups within the genus. Ecological modelling using museum collections provides a useful tool for identifying emerging pests and developing integrated pest management programs.

RESUMO: A ocorrência de Isogonoceraia divergipennis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) foi constatada no estado de Mato Grosso, associada a Poincianella pluviosa (Fabaceae). Até o momento a distribuição da I. divergipennis estava restrita aos estados da Bahia, Minas Gerais, Paraná e São Paulo e esse resultado amplia a área de distribuição do inseto para a região centro-oeste do Brasil. O material de estudo foi obtido em Sorriso, Mato Grosso (S12º32'42,78'', W55º43'32,10") e as coletas foram realizadas no período de setembro de 2013 a maio de 2014.

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Se registran por primera vez para la República Argentina dos especies de "psílidos" (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), plagas provenientes de Australia que atacan a especies del género Eucalyptus L ́Hér. Una de ellas, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore es de gran importancia económica en países vecinos, debido a los daños que produce. De la otra, Blastopsylla occidentalis Taylor, es escasa la información referente a su biología y daños que ocasiona.

The number of described species on the planet is about 1.9 million, with ca. 17,000 new species described annually, mostly from the tropics. However, taxonomy is usually described as a science in crisis, lacking manpower and funding, a politically acknowledged problem known as the Taxonomic Impediment. Using data from the Fauna Europaea database and the Zoological Record, we show that contrary to general belief, developed and heavily-studied parts of the world are important reservoirs of unknown species. In Europe, new species of multicellular terrestrial and freshwater animals are being discovered and named at an unprecedented rate: since the 1950s, more than 770 new species are on average described each year from Europe, which add to the 125,000 terrestrial and freshwater multicellular species already known in this region. There is no sign of having reached a plateau that would allow for the assessment of the magnitude of European biodiversity. More remarkably, over 60% of these new species are described by non-professional taxonomists. Amateurs are recognized as an essential part of the workforce in ecology and astronomy, but the magnitude of non-professional taxonomist contributions to alpha-taxonomy has not been fully realized until now. Our results stress the importance of developing a system that better supports and guides this formidable workforce, as we seek to overcome the Taxonomic Impediment and speed up the process of describing the planetary biodiversity before it is too late.

Se menciona por primera vez para Argentina la especie Ctenarytaina spatulata Taylor, asociada a plantaciones de eucalipto. Este nuevo registro se obtuvo en la Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina.Ctenarytaina spatulata Taylor, a species associated with eucalypt plantations, is recorded for the first time from Entre Ríos, Argentina.