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1. Neuropathological hallmarks of antenatal mitochondrial diseases with a corpus callosum defect

Author

Lucile Boutaud, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Aude Tessier, Olivia Anselem, Emmanuelle Pannier, Sarah Grotto, Naïma Talhi, Daniel Amram, Marjolaine Willems, Constance Wells, Patricia Blanchet, Yuri Musizzano, Clémence Jauny, Patrick Nitschke, Christine Bole-Feysot, Bettina Bessières, Houria Salhi, Amale Achaiaa, Metodi D Metodiev, Ferechte Razavi, Agnès Rötig, Laurence Loeuilllet, and Tania Attié-Bitach

Subjects
Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

Corpus callosum defects are frequent congenital cerebral disorders caused by mutations in more than 300 genes. These include genes implicated in corpus callosum development or function, as well as genes essential for mitochondrial physiology. However, in utero corpus callosum anomalies rarely raise a suspicion of mitochondrial disease and are characterized by a very large clinical heterogeneity. Here, we report a detailed pathological and neuro-histopathological investigation of nine foetuses from four unrelated families with prenatal onset of corpus callosum anomalies, sometimes associated with other cerebral or extra-cerebral defects. Next generation sequencing allowed the identification of novel pathogenic variants in three different nuclear genes previously reported in mitochondrial diseases: TIMMDC1, encoding a Complex I assembly factor never involved before in corpus callosum defect; MRPS22, a protein of the small mitoribosomal subunit; and EARS2, the mitochondrial tRNA-glutamyl synthetase. The present report describes the antenatal histopathological findings in mitochondrial diseases and expands the genetic spectrum of antenatal corpus callosum anomalies establishing OXPHOS function as an important factor for corpus callosum biogenesis. We propose that, when observed, antenatal corpus callosum anomalies should raise suspicion of mitochondrial disease and prenatal genetic counselling should be considered.

Published
2022
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2. Mild MDPL in a patient with a novel de novo missense variant in the Cys-B region of POLD1

Author

Maya Chopra, Richard Caswell, Giulia Barcia, Sophie Rondeau, Laurence Jonard, Patrick Nitchké, Daniel Amram, Marc-Lionel Bellaiche, Veronique Abadie, Marine Parodi, Francoise Denoyelle, Andrew Hattersley, Christine Bole, Stanislas Lyonnet, and Sandrine Marlin

Subjects
Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Male, Phenotype, Lipodystrophy, Mutation, Missense, Genetics, Humans, Syndrome, Child, Genetics (clinical), DNA Polymerase III
Abstract

DNA polymerase δ is one of the three main enzymes responsible for DNA replication. POLD1 heterozygous missense variants in the exonuclease domain result in a cancer predisposition phenotype. In contrast, heterozygous variants in POLD1 polymerase domain have more recently been shown to be the underlying basis of the distinct autosomal dominant multisystem lipodystrophy disorder, MDPL (mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy syndrome OMIM # 615381), most commonly a recurrent in-frame deletion of serine at position 604, accounting for 18 of the 21 reported cases of this condition. One patient with an unusually severe phenotype has been reported, caused by a de novo c. 3209 T A, (p.(Ile1070Asn)) variant in the highly conserved CysB motif in the C-terminal of the POLD1 protein. This region has recently been shown to bind an iron-sulphur cluster of the 4Fe-4S type. This report concerns a novel de novo missense variant in the CysB region, c.3219 G C, (p.(Ser1073Arg)) in a male child with a milder phenotype. Using in silico analysis in the context of the recently published structure of human Polymerase δ holoenzyme, we compared these and other variants which lie in close proximity but result in differing degrees of severity and varying features. We hypothesise that the c.3219 G C, (p.(Ser1073Arg)) substitution likely causes reduced binding of the iron-sulphur cluster without significant disruption of protein structure, while the previously reported c.3209 T A (p.(Ile1070Asn)) variant likely has a more profound impact on structure and folding in the region. Our analysis supports a central role for the CysB region in regulating POLD1 activity in health and disease.

Published
2022
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3. Phenotypic spectrum and genomics of undiagnosed arthrogryposis multiplex congenital

Author

Ivo Gut, Sarah Grotto, Céline Bellesme, Arnold Munnich, Cyril Gitiaux, Jeanne Amiel, Chloé Quélin, Annie Laquerrière, Suonavy Khung, Hanitra Ranjatoelina-Randrianaivo, Luc Rigonnot, Christine Francannet, Loic Quevarec, Jérôme Bouligand, Fabienne Prieur, Alexandra Benachi, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Laurence Perrin, Judith Melki, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Flora Nolent, Tania Attié-Bitach, Delphine Héron, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Claire Beneteau, Fabien Guimiot, Laetitia Lambert, Sandra Mercier, Valérie Biancalana, Fanny Laffargue, Elise Boucher, Jean-Louis Bessereau, P. Landrieu, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Alice Goldenberg, Philippe Latour, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Anne Guiochon-Mantel, Dan Mejlachowicz, Damien Sternberg, Haluk Topaloglu, Bruno Eymard, Géraldine Viot, Catherine Fallet-Bianco, Julien Saada, Isabelle Desguerre, Marie-Hélène Saint-Frison, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Sophie Blesson, Radka Stoeva, Alexandre J. Vivanti, Martine Bucourt, Pascaline Letard, Jérome Maluenda, Laurence Loeuillet, Lionel Van Maldergem, Didier Lacombe, Marcel Tawk, Michèle Granier, Stanislas Lyonnet, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Andrée Delahaye-Duriez, André Mégarbané, Marie Gonzales, Florence Petit, Juliette Piard, Laurence Faivre, Helene Verhelst, Bettina Bessières, Sabine Sigaudy, Sandra Whalen, Valérie Layet, Yline Capri, Fanny Pelluard, Emanuela Abiusi, Klaus Dieterich, Marie Vincent, Marine Legendre, Dana Jaber, Romulus Grigorescu, Florent Marguet, Eric Bieth, Helge Amthor, Christine Barnerias, Estelle Colin, Laetitia Trestard, Mathilde Nizon, Jelena Martinovic, Daniel Amram, and Nicoletta Resta

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Artrogriposi múltiple congènita, Settore BIO/18 - GENETICA, human genetics, neuromuscular diseases, Genomics, Biology, CONTRACTURES, CLASSIFICATION, diseases, symbols.namesake, Diagnòstic, Gene mapping, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, Exome Sequencing, OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS, Genetics, Medicine and Health Sciences, genomics, Humans, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Arthrogryposis, Sanger sequencing, Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, Genetic heterogeneity, SPINAL MUSCULAR-ATROPHY, Proteins, nervous system malformations, DYSTROPHY, Disease gene identification, GENE, Human genetics, Pedigree, ETIOLOGY, Phenotype, symbols, neuromuscular, Genètica, Transcription Factors
Abstract

BackgroundArthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterised by congenital joint contractures in two or more body areas. AMC exhibits wide phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. Our goals were to improve the genetic diagnosis rates of AMC, to evaluate the added value of whole exome sequencing (WES) compared with targeted exome sequencing (TES) and to identify new genes in 315 unrelated undiagnosed AMC families.MethodsSeveral genomic approaches were used including genetic mapping of disease loci in multiplex or consanguineous families, TES then WES. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify or validate variants.ResultsWe achieved disease gene identification in 52.7% of AMC index patients including nine recently identified genes (CNTNAP1, MAGEL2, ADGRG6, ADCY6, GLDN, LGI4, LMOD3, UNC50 and SCN1A). Moreover, we identified pathogenic variants in ASXL3 and STAC3 expanding the phenotypes associated with these genes. The most frequent cause of AMC was a primary involvement of skeletal muscle (40%) followed by brain (22%). The most frequent mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive (66.3% of patients). In sporadic patients born to non-consanguineous parents (n=60), de novo dominant autosomal or X linked variants were observed in 30 of them (50%).ConclusionNew genes recently identified in AMC represent 21% of causing genes in our cohort. A high proportion of de novo variants were observed indicating that this mechanism plays a prominent part in this developmental disease. Our data showed the added value of WES when compared with TES due to the larger clinical spectrum of some disease genes than initially described and the identification of novel genes.

Published
2022

4. Clinical spectrum of MTOR-related hypomelanosis of Ito with neurodevelopmental abnormalities

Author

Yannis Duffourd, Catherine Sarret, B. Catteau, Rachel G. Knox, Chloé Quélin, Cyril Mignot, Martin Chevarin, P. Callier, Diana Rodriguez, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Robert Olaso, David Geneviève, Arthur Sorlin, Sylvie Odent, Christel Thauvin, Victoria E. R. Parker, Pierre Vabres, Louise Goujon, Malika Keddar, Melissa Riachi, Sylvie Fraitag, Laurence Faivre, Emmanuelle Blanchard, Satyamaanasa Polubothu, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Anne Boland, Jean-François Deleuze, Paul Rollier, Véronique Darmency, Marie-Hélène Aubriot-Lorton, Yline Capri, V. Carmignac, Daniel Amram, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Paul Kuentz, Marc Delepine, Didier Bessis, Robert K. Semple, Sarah Grotto, Veronica A. Kinsler, Laurent Guibaud, Christophe Philippe, Jean-Benoît Courcet, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Morphogénèse et antigénicité du VIH et du virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH - U1259 Inserm - CHRU Tours ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children [London] (GOSH), University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), CHI Créteil, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Etablissement français du don du sang [Montpellier], Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital d'Enfants [CHU Dijon], Hôpital du Bocage, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), University of Edinburgh, and BOHAUD, FRANCOISE

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Melanocyte, Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Tuberous sclerosis, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Megalencephaly, Genetics (clinical), PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Hypopigmentation, business.industry, Mosaicism, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, Macrocephaly, Correction, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Immunostaining
Abstract

Hypomelanosis of Ito (HI) is a skin marker of somatic mosaicism. Mosaic MTOR pathogenic variants have been reported in HI with brain overgrowth. We sought to delineate further the pigmentary skin phenotype and clinical spectrum of neurodevelopmental manifestations of MTOR-related HI. From two cohorts totaling 71 patients with pigmentary mosaicism, we identified 14 patients with Blaschko-linear and one with flag-like pigmentation abnormalities, psychomotor impairment or seizures, and a postzygotic MTOR variant in skin. Patient records, including brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) were reviewed. Immunostaining (n = 3) for melanocyte markers and ultrastructural studies (n = 2) were performed on skin biopsies. MTOR variants were present in skin, but absent from blood in half of cases. In a patient (p.[Glu2419Lys] variant), phosphorylation of p70S6K was constitutively increased. In hypopigmented skin of two patients, we found a decrease in stage 4 melanosomes in melanocytes and keratinocytes. Most patients (80%) had macrocephaly or (hemi)megalencephaly on MRI. MTOR-related HI is a recognizable neurocutaneous phenotype of patterned dyspigmentation, epilepsy, intellectual deficiency, and brain overgrowth, and a distinct subtype of hypomelanosis related to somatic mosaicism. Hypopigmentation may be due to a defect in melanogenesis, through mTORC1 activation, similar to hypochromic patches in tuberous sclerosis complex.

Published
2021
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5. Correction to: Clinical spectrum of MTOR-related hypomelanosis of Ito with neurodevelopmental abnormalities

Author

Catherine Sarret, Satyamaanasa Polubothu, V. Carmignac, Daniel Amram, Anne Boland, Chloé Quélin, Véronique Darmency, Christophe Philippe, Emmanuelle Blanchard, Martin Chevarin, P. Callier, Veronica A. Kinsler, Yannis Duffourd, Robert Olaso, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Marie-Hélène Aubriot-Lorton, Sylvie Fraitag, Christel Thauvin, Malika Keddar, B. Catteau, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Cyril Mignot, Rachel G. Knox, Didier Bessis, Sarah Grotto, Robert K. Semple, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Arthur Sorlin, Sylvie Odent, David Geneviève, Laurent Guibaud, Melissa Riachi, Yline Capri, Pierre Vabres, Victoria E. R. Parker, Louise Goujon, Jean-Benoît Courcet, Laurence Faivre, Jean-François Deleuze, Paul Rollier, Marc Delepine, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Paul Kuentz, Diana Rodriguez, Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), and Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)

Subjects
business.industry, Medicine, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Computational biology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetics (clinical), PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Human genetics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021
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6. Application of whole-exome sequencing to unravel the molecular basis of undiagnosed syndromic congenital neutropenia with intellectual disability

Author

Jean Donadieu, Delphine Héron, Laurence Faivre, Salima El Chehadeh, Daphné Lehalle, Claire Briandet, Elodie Gautier, Julien Thevenon, Daniel Amram, Thibaud Jouan, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Judith Melki, Laurence Duplomb-Jego, Frédéric Huet, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Ange-Line Bruel, Yannis Duffourd, Lucile Pinson, Isabelle Maystadt, Judith St-Onge, Sophia Julia, Alexandra Gauthier-Vasserot, Paul Kuentz, Institut d'hématologie et d'oncologie pédiatrique [CHU - HCL] (IHOPe), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Dijon, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme (GRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service d'hématologie-immunologie-oncologie pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Immuno-hématologie pédiatrique (MaRIH), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse-Purpan, Institut d'hématologie et d'oncologie pédiatrique [CHU - HCL] ( IHOPe ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme ( GRC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Service d’oncologie hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Immuno-hématologie pédiatrique ( MaRIH ), Laboratoire de géographie physique ( LGP ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Namur, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neutropenia, Adolescent, Neonatal onset, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, congenital neutropenia, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Humans, Exome, Child, Congenital Neutropenia, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Infant, Syndrome, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, CHD2, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Etiology, Female, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Biomarkers
Abstract

International audience; Neutropenia can be qualified as congenital when of neonatal onset or when associated with extra-hematopoietic manifestations. Overall, 30% of patients with congenital neutropenia (CN) remain without a molecular diagnosis after a multidisciplinary consultation and tedious diagnostic strategy. In the rare situations when neutropenia is identified and associated with intellectual disability (ID), there are few diagnostic hypotheses to test. This retrospective multicenter study reports on a clinically heterogeneous cohort of 10 unrelated patients with CN associated with ID and no molecular diagnosis prior to whole-exome sequencing (WES). WES provided a diagnostic yield of 40% (4/10). The results suggested that in many cases neutropenia and syndromic manifestations could not be assigned to the same molecular alteration. Three sub-groups of patients were highlighted: (i) severe, symptomatic chronic neutropenia, detected early in life, and related to a known mutation in the CN spectrum (ELANE); (ii) mild to moderate benign intermittent neutropenia, detected later, and associated with mutations in genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (CHD2, HUWE1); and (iii) moderate to severe intermittent neutropenia as a probably undiagnosed feature of a newly reported syndrome (KAT6A). Unlike KAT6A, which seems to be associated with a syndromic form of CN, the other reported mutations may not explain the entire clinical picture. Although targeted gene sequencing can be discussed for the primary diagnosis of severe CN, we suggest that performing WES for the diagnosis of disorders associating CN with ID will not only provide the etiological diagnosis but will also pave the way towards personalized care and follow-up. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Published
2016
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7. Mutational Spectrum in Holoprosencephaly Shows That FGF is a New Major Signaling Pathway

Author

Linda Akloul, Véronique David, Clarisse Baumann, Sylvie Odent, Laurent Pasquier, Christèle Dubourg, Houda Hamdi-Rozé, Daniel Amram, Charlotte Mouden, Pierre Sarda, Sophie Naudion, Amélie Poidvin, Marie Gonzales, Nicolas Chassaing, Valérie Dupé, Fabienne Prieur, Joelle Roume, Marie de Tayrac, Benmansour Abdelmajid, Annie Levy-Mozziconacci, Christine Coubes, Wilfrid Carré, Annick Toutain, Laurence Faivre-Olivier, Emmanuelle Ginglinger, and Sally-Ann Lynch

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, Genetic counseling, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Bioinformatics, ZIC2, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, FGF8, Holoprosencephaly, GLI2, medicine, Gene, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the most common congenital cerebral malformation in humans, characterized by impaired forebrain cleavage and midline facial anomalies. It presents a high heterogeneity, both in clinics and genetics. We have developed a novel targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay and screened a cohort of 257 HPE patients. Mutations with high confidence in their deleterious effect were identified in approximately 24% of the cases and were held for diagnosis, whereas variants of uncertain significance were identified in 10% of cases. This study provides a new classification of genes that are involved in HPE. SHH, ZIC2, and SIX3 remain the top genes in term of frequency with GLI2, and are followed by FGF8 and FGFR1. The three minor HPE genes identified by our study are DLL1, DISP1, and SUFU. Here, we demonstrate that fibroblast growth factor signaling must now be considered a major pathway involved in HPE. Interestingly, several cases of double mutations were found and argue for a polygenic inheritance of HPE. Altogether, it supports that the implementation of NGS in HPE diagnosis is required to improve genetic counseling.

Published
2016
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8. Reply: ATAD1 encephalopathy and stiff baby syndrome: a recognizable clinical presentation

Author

Vincenzo Salpietro, Kerstin Kutsche, Henry Houlden, George K.E. Umanah, Mark I. Rees, Juliette Piard, Lionel Van Maldergem, Ted M. Dawson, Melissa Chang, Daniel Amram, Frederike L. Harms, Malik Alawi, Seo-Kyung Chung, Leire Abalde-Atristain, Alain Verloes, Rong Chen, and Valina L. Dawson

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Encephalopathy, Stiff-Person Syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, Receptors, AMPA, Humans, Medicine, Infant, Muscle Rigidity, Mutation, Receptors, AMPA, Brain Diseases, business.industry, Extramural, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Stiff baby syndrome, Neurology (clinical), Presentation (obstetrics), business, Stiff person syndrome
Published
2018

9. A homozygous ATAD1 mutation impairs postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking and causes a lethal encephalopathy

Author

Mark I. Rees, Juliette Piard, Frederike L. Harms, Henry Houlden, George K.E. Umanah, Malik Alawi, Seo-Kyung Chung, Ted M. Dawson, Valina L. Dawson, Melissa Chang, Lionel Van Maldergem, Alain Verloes, Rong Chen, Leire Abalde-Atristain, Vincenzo Salpietro, Kerstin Kutsche, and Daniel Amram

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Models, Molecular, Male, Mutant, DNA Mutational Analysis, Messenger, Mitochondrion, Encephalopathy, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, Models, Receptors, AMPA, ATAD1, Internalization, Receptor, media_common, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Neurons, Mutation, Brain Diseases, Chemistry, Homozygote, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cell biology, Mitochondria, Protein Transport, Female, AMPA receptor trafficking, ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities, Carrier Proteins, Family Health, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Infant, Multiprotein Complexes, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Oxygen Consumption, RNA, Messenger, Receptors, AMPA, media_common.quotation_subject, Protein subunit, AMPA receptor, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, Report, medicine, Molecular, 030104 developmental biology, RNA, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Members of the AAA+ superfamily of ATPases are involved in the unfolding of proteins and disassembly of protein complexes and aggregates. ATAD1 encoding the ATPase family, AAA+ domain containing 1-protein Thorase plays an important role in the function and integrity of mitochondria and peroxisomes. Postsynaptically, Thorase controls the internalization of excitatory, glutamatergic AMPA receptors by disassembling complexes between the AMPA receptor-binding protein, GRIP1, and the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous frameshift mutation in the last exon of ATAD1 [c.1070_1071delAT; p.(His357Argfs*15)] in three siblings who presented with a severe, lethal encephalopathy associated with stiffness and arthrogryposis. Biochemical and cellular analyses show that the C-terminal end of Thorase mutant gained a novel function that strongly impacts its oligomeric state, reduces stability or expression of a set of Golgi, peroxisomal and mitochondrial proteins and affects disassembly of GluA2 and Thorase oligomer complexes. Atad1(−/−) neurons expressing Thorase mutant(His357Argfs*15) display reduced amount of GluA2 at the cell surface suggesting that the Thorase mutant may inhibit the recycling back and/or reinsertion of AMPA receptors to the plasma membrane. Taken together, our molecular and functional analyses identify an activating ATAD1 mutation as a new cause of severe encephalopathy and congenital stiffness.

Published
2018

10. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly due to ASPM mutations: An update

Author

Martine Doco-Fenzy, Monique Elmaleh-Bergès, Berten Ceulemans, Sandrine Passemard, David Geneviève, Anita Rauch, Daniel Amram, Anais Ernault, Bernd Wollnick, Christine Francannet, Alain Verloes, Abdelaziz Sefiani, Pascaline Letard, Julie Désir, Marc Abramowicz, Brigitte Benzacken, Clothilde Rivier-Ringenbach, Toni Kasole Lubala, Yusuf Tunca, Vincent El Ghouzzi, Mathilde Nizon, Laurence Faivre, Marion Gérard, Koenraad Devriendt, Nathalie Pouvreau, Sophie Guilmin Crepon, Massimiliano Rossi, Hélène Maurey, C. Geoffrey Woods, Julia Metreau, Séverine Drunat, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Yves Sznajer, Cyril Gitiaux, Tiffany Busa, Geneviève Pierquin, Corinne Alberti, Sabine Sigaudy, Elise Schaefer, Stéphanie Arpin, Sébastien Lebon, Marta Bertoli, Pierre Gressens, Sophie Julia, Siham Chafai Elalaoui, Sarah Duerinckx, Sanaa Nasserereddine, Yoann Vial, Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de génétique [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Antwerp (UA), Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Hôpital Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Biologie, génétique et thérapies ostéoarticulaires et respiratoires (BIOTARGEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lubumbashi (UNILU), Unité de génétique médicale et oncogénétique [CHU Amiens Picardie], CHU Amiens-Picardie, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), CHU Ibn Rochd [Casablanca], Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), L'Hôpital Nord-Ouest [Villefranche sur Saône], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique [CHU Strasbourg], Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-CHU Strasbourg, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Gülhane School of Medicine, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1426 (CIC 1426), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University hospital of Zurich [Zurich], Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Jean Verdier [Bondy], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), UFR Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine (UFR SMBH), Université Paris 13 (UP13), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Service de neuropédiatrie et maladies métaboliques [CHU Robert-Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), UCL - (SLuc) Centre de génétique médicale UCL, UCL - SSS/IREC/SLUC - Pôle St.-Luc, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Lubumbashi, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Richard, Nicolas, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement ( PROTECT ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hôpital Jean Verdier, UFR Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine ( UFR SMBH ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Hôpital Bretonneau-CHRU Tours, Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims ( CHU Reims ), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ) -Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Service de Génétique Clinique [Caen], Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -CHU Caen, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon ( CRNL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1426 ( CIC 1426 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Passemard, Sandrine [0000-0002-0242-4566], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Microcephaly, MESH: Geography, Intellectual disability, ASPM, brain development, brain imaging, MESH: Cognition, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Spindle pole body, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cohort Studies, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Cognition, MESH: Nerve Tissue Proteins, MESH: Cohort Studies, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Genetic Association Studies, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Geography, primary microcephaly, 030305 genetics & heredity, Brain development, MESH: Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, intellectual disability, Child, Preschool, Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly, Brain size, Female, MESH: Mutation, Brain imaging, Nerve Tissue Proteins, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Biology, MESH: Microcephaly, Primary microcephaly, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Family, Gene, MESH: Family, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Centrosome, MCPH, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, Genetic heterogeneity, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, centrosome, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, Human medicine, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Female
Abstract

Autosomal recessive microcephaly or MicroCephaly Primary Hereditary (MCPH) is a genetically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a reduction in brain volume, indirectly measured by an occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) 2 standard deviations or more below the age- and sex-matched mean (-2SD) at birth and -3SD after 6 months, and leading to intellectual disability of variable severity. The Abnormal SPindle-like Microcephaly gene (ASPM), the human ortholog of the Drosophila melanogaster 'abnormal spindle' gene (asp), encodes ASPM, a protein localized at the centrosome of apical neuroprogenitor cells and involved in spindle pole positioning during neurogenesis. Loss-of-function mutations in ASPM cause MCPH5, which affects the majority of all MCPH patients worldwide. Here, we report 47 unpublished patients from 39 families carrying 28 new ASPM mutations, and conduct an exhaustive review of the molecular, clinical, neuroradiological and neuropsychological features of the 282 families previously reported (with 161 distinct ASPM mutations). Furthermore, we show that ASPM-related microcephaly is not systematically associated with intellectual deficiency and discuss the association between the structural brain defects (strong reduction in cortical volume and surface area) that modify the cortical map of these patients and their cognitive abilities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. ispartof: Human Mutation vol:39 issue:3 pages:319-332 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2017
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11. Molecular diagnosis of PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) in 162 patients and recommendations for genetic testing

Author

Judith St-Onge, Yannis Duffourd, Sandra Whalen, Marjolaine Willems, Anne-Claire Bursztejn, Massimiliano Rossi, Bertrand Isidor, Patrick Edery, Odile Boute, Virginie Carmignac, J. Miquel, Sébastien Barbarot, Daniel Amram, Fanny Morice-Picard, A. Phan, Pierre Vabres, Didier Lacombe, Maryse Bonnière, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Thibaud Jouan, Paul Kuentz, Caroline Michot, Renaud Touraine, Jean-Benoît Courcet, Christine Francannet, Marie Vincent, Smail Hadj-Rabia, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Christine Coubes, Cyril Mignot, Nathalie Marle, Jeanne Amiel, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Philippe Khau Van Kien, Juliette Mazereeuw-Hautier, Annabel Maruani, Salima El Chehadeh, Geneviève Baujat, Christine Chiaverini, Daphné Lehalle, Arthur Sorlin, Florence Petit, Bruno Delobel, Laurence Faivre, Julien Thevenon, Stéphanie Arpin, Didier Bessis, Damien Haye, David Geneviève, Tania Attié-Bitach, Claire Abasq-Thomas, Jelena Martinovic, Alain Verloes, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Juliette Albuisson, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Alice Goldenberg, Olivia Boccara, and Ludovic Martin

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genotype, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Prenatal diagnosis, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, DNA sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Prenatal Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Allele, Child, Genetics (clinical), Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Growth Disorders, Genetic testing, Mutation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Mosaicism, Infant, Newborn, Disease Management, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Amino Acid Substitution, Child, Preschool, Allelic heterogeneity, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Postzygotic activating mutations of PIK3CA cause a wide range of mosaic disorders collectively referred to as PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). We describe the diagnostic yield and characteristics of PIK3CA sequencing in PROS. We performed ultradeep next-generation sequencing (NGS) of PIK3CA in various tissues from 162 patients referred to our clinical laboratory and assessed diagnostic yield by phenotype and tissue tested. We identified disease-causing mutations in 66.7% (108/162) of patients, with mutant allele levels as low as 1%. The diagnostic rate was higher (74%) in syndromic than in isolated cases (35.5%; P = 9.03 × 10−5). We identified 40 different mutations and found strong oncogenic mutations more frequently in patients without brain overgrowth (50.6%) than in those with brain overgrowth (15.2%; P = 0.00055). Mutant allele levels were higher in skin and overgrown tissues than in blood and buccal samples (P = 3.9 × 10−25), regardless of the phenotype. Our data demonstrate the value of ultradeep NGS for molecular diagnosis of PROS, highlight its substantial allelic heterogeneity, and confirm that optimal diagnosis requires fresh skin or surgical samples from affected regions. Our findings may be of value in guiding future recommendations for genetic testing in PROS and other mosaic conditions. Genet Med advance online publication 02 February 2017

Published
2016

12. Excess of Neuromuscular Spindles in a Fetus with Costello Syndrome: A Clinicopathological Report

Author

Issam Abd Alsamad, Bassam Haddad, Jocelyne Fleury-Feith, Clément Zirah, Armand Vergnaud, Guillaume Bassez, Daniel Amram, Sylvain Gettler, Nicole Chevalier, Hélène Cavé, Férechté Encha-Razavi, Claudine Touboul, Anne Marie Vojtek, and Martine Sinico

Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway, Fetus, Mutation, Polyhydramnios, Costello Syndrome, Context (language use), General Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Congenital myopathy, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Costello syndrome, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Cancer research, Humans, Female, HRAS, Muscle Spindles
Abstract

The neuromuscular spindle (NMS) is a proprioceptive myofibrillar component of skeletal muscles that is necessary to maintain normal muscle tone and coordination. Recently, an excess of NMS has been reported as a congenital neuromuscular syndrome with a Noonan phenotype, now linked to Costello syndrome (CS). The vast majority of patients with CS have a de novo heterozygous mutation in the HRAS gene involved in the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. CS has many features in common with Noonan and cardiofaciocutaneous syndromes, also linked to activating mutations (but in other genes) of the Ras/MAPK pathway. This makes the orientation of molecular screening difficult. The observation of excess NMS in a 26-weeks'-gestation stillborn prompted us to screen the HRAS gene for mutation. The identification of a HRAS mutation made it possible to establish a diagnosis of CS. We conclude that the excess of NMS is the most reliable sign for the diagnosis of CS. Our findings also show the instrumental role of histological study of the skeletal muscles in the context of polyhydramnios and fetal hydrops.

Published
2011
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13. Möbius Syndrome in a Neonate After Mifepristone and Misoprostol Elective Abortion Failure

Author

Dominique Hillaire-Buys, Jean-Luc Faillie, Marie-Andrée Bos-Thompson, Daniel Amram, and Clarisse Roux

Subjects
Adult, Male, Möbius syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Abortion, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Cranial nerve disease, Pharmacology (medical), Misoprostol, Abortifacient, Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal, Obstetrics, business.industry, Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal, Cranial nerves, Infant, Newborn, Abnormalities, Drug-Induced, Abortion, Induced, Mifepristone, medicine.disease, Mobius Syndrome, Surgery, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Female, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective: To report a case of a child born with Möbius syndrome following exposure in utero to mifepristone and misoprostol for elective abortion. Case Summary: In the seventh week of pregnancy, a woman was administered mifepristone 600 mg and, 2 days later, misoprostol 400 μg for abortion. One month later, despite significant metrorrhagia, an ultrasound examination showed ongoing gestation. At 33 weeks and 3 days of gestation, the woman gave birth to a male with left facial palsy, microretrognathia, and axial hypotonia related to Möbius syndrome. Discussion: Möbius syndrome is characterized by unilateral or bilateral palsy of the abducens (VI) and facial (VII) cranial nerves. Other cranial nerves (eg, the hypoglossal [XII]), craniofacial or orofacial anomalies, and limb malformations are often associated. The etiology of the Möbius syndrome remains largely unknown and probably involves multiple factors. The most likely etiological hypothesis is disruption of the developing vascular system, with transient ischemia (particularly in the vertebral arteries) and fetal hypoxia. A teratogenic cause of Möbius syndrome has been suggested. The critical period for the development of Möbius syndrome following teratogen exposure appears to be 5–8 weeks of gestation. To date, mifepristone alone does not appear to have induced Möbius syndrome. In contrast, oral or vaginal misoprostol administration can lead to a significant increase in Doppler-measured uterine artery resistance and may induce uterine contractions. If these occur during the critical embryonic period, they may cause flexion in the areas of the sixth and seventh cranial nerves and decreased blood flow. Conclusions: Ineffective use of mifepristone and misoprostol in the first trimester of pregnancy may be associated with a risk of Möbius syndrome, primarily due to misoprostol activity. Women with ongoing pregnancy after failed abortion with misoprostol administration should be informed of this risk.

Published
2008
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14. New insights into genotype-phenotype correlation for GLI3 mutations

Author

Florence Demurger, Amanda Krause, Tania Attié-Bitach, Muriel Holder, Clarisse Baumann, Mélanie Fradin, Alain Liquier, Joelle Roume, Laurent Pasquier, Fabienne Giuliano, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Daniel Amram, Martine Le Merrer, Odile Boute, Chloé Quélin, Férechté Encha-Razavi, Serge Romana, Marie-Liesse Chauvet, Soumaya Mougou-Zerelli, Lionel Van Maldergem, Bertrand Isidor, Sylvie Odent, Fanny Laffargue, Massimiliano Rossi, Sylvie Manouvrier, Marie-Ange Delrue, Sheela Nampoothiri, André Mégarbané, Marie Gonzales, Alexandra Afenjar, Louise Devisme, Gwenaelle André, Martine Sinico, Anne Dieux-Coeslier, Nicole Philip, Sandra Mercier, Odile Raoul, Géraldine Viot, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Elise Schaefer, Laurence Faivre, Géraldine Goudefroye, Didier Lacombe, Amale Ichkou, Michel Vekemans, Marylin Lackmy-Port-Lis, Arnold Munnich, Jeanne Amiel, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Geneviève Baujat, David Geneviève, Service de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Cytogénétique, Génétique moléculaire et Biologie de la reproduction, Hôpital Farhat Hached, Service de Biologie du Développement, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PremUp Foundation, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-CHI Créteil-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Génétique, Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Poissy-saint Germain, Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin-Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Référence ' Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs Sud - Est PACA ', Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Service de Génétique clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Division of human Genetics, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS)-National Health Laboratory Service-School of Pathology, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'AnatomoPathologie, CHI Créteil, Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Service de génétique médicale, Hôpital l'Archet, Head of the Department of Medical Genetics, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Regional Hospital, Centre de Maladies Rares, Anomalies du Développement Nord de France-CH Arras - CHRU Lille, Pôle de Pathologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Cellules souches mésenchymateuses, environnement articulaire et immunothérapies de la polyarthrite rhumatoide, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Service de Génétique [Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], INSERM EMI0210 (EMI0210), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de Génétique Clinique, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-hôpital Sud, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHI Créteil-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de génétique et embryologie médicales [CHU Trousseau], Jonchère, Laurent, Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Sud, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement ( Inserm U781 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Sorbonne Universités-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -CHI Créteil-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Sud, Service de Génétique Clinique et Université Lille 2, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes ( IGDR ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme ( MRGM ), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] ( WITS ) -National Health Laboratory Service-School of Pathology, Service de Génétique Médical, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre de référence 'Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares' - Paris-Groupe de Recherche Clinique 'Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme' - Paris, Service de Neuropédiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -IFR3-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], INSERM EMI0210 ( EMI0210 ), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, animal structures, Agnathia, Acrocephalosyndactylia, DNA Mutational Analysis, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors, Gene Expression, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Haploinsufficiency, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Biology, Article, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Zinc Finger Protein Gli3, GLI3, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Family, Genetic Association Studies, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Gene Rearrangement, Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 030305 genetics & heredity, Gene rearrangement, medicine.disease, Phenotype, 3. Good health, body regions, Polysyndactyly, Mutation, embryonic structures, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics
Abstract

International audience; The phenotypic spectrum of GLI3 mutations includes autosomal dominant Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) and Pallister-Hall syndrome (PHS). PHS was first described as a lethal condition associating hypothalamic hamartoma, postaxial or central polydactyly, anal atresia and bifid epiglottis. Typical GCPS combines polysyndactyly of hands and feet and craniofacial features. Genotype-phenotype correlations have been found both for the location and the nature of GLI3 mutations, highlighting the bifunctional nature of GLI3 during development. Here we report on the molecular and clinical study of 76 cases from 55 families with either a GLI3 mutation (49 GCPS and 21 PHS), or a large deletion encompassing the GLI3 gene (6 GCPS cases). Most of mutations are novel and consistent with the previously reported genotype-phenotype correlation. Our results also show a correlation between the location of the mutation and abnormal corpus callosum observed in some patients with GCPS. Fetal PHS observations emphasize on the possible lethality of GLI3 mutations and extend the phenotypic spectrum of malformations such as agnathia and reductional limbs defects. GLI3 expression studied by in situ hybridization during human development confirms its early expression in target tissues.European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 16 April 2014; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2014.62.

Published
2015
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15. Variants in CUL4B are associated with cerebral malformations

Author

F. Lucy Raymond, Daniel Amram, Agnieszka Charzewska, Hans-Hilger Ropers, Yue Xiong, Sylvie Odent, Fatma Doagu, Christian Gilissen, Andreas Busche, Bert B.A. de Vries, Tjitske Kleefstra, Patrick Rump, Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Michèl A.A.P. Willemsen, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Hao Hu, Jacqueline Vigneron, Ute Fischer, Irma Järvelä, M Bienek, Tadashi Nakagawa, Vera M. Kalscheuer, Alessandra Baumer, Arjan P.M. de Brouwer, Stefan A. Haas, Anita Rauch, Anju K. Philips, Jörg Müsebeck, Jacek Lenart, A. James Barkovich, Mirja Somer, Inge B. Mathijssen, Jamel Chelly, Krysta Voesenek, Andreas Tzschach, Han G. Brunner, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Nicolas Lebrun, Helger G. Yntema, Kristiina Avela, Ewa Obersztyn, Willy M. Nillesen, Hans van Bokhoven, Magdalena Nawara, Karine Poirier, Department of human genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences-Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Service de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Physiology, Muscle et pathologies, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute of Medical Genetics, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Dpt of Operative Dentistry, Section of Periodontology, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique Clinique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institute for Infectiology (IMED), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), 849 Department of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics [Helsinki], Haartman Institute [Helsinki], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Department of Human Genetics, 907-00-365, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, FP7 241995, European Commission, GM067113, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, 2009(2)-81, Dutch Brain Foundation, German ministry of education and researech (MRNET), max planck innovation funds, NN407133739, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Sigrid Julius foundation, van Leersum fonds, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -IFR3-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes ( IGDR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institute for Infectiology ( IMED ), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut ( FLI ), and Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki

Subjects
Male, Microcephaly, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PROTEIN, Cell Cycle Proteins, Bioinformatics, Mental Retardation, Intellectual disability, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Child, Genetics (clinical), Cells, Cultured, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genetics, Pediatric, Genetics & Heredity, Cultured, Brain, Middle Aged, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Cullin Proteins, UBIQUITIN E3 LIGASE, FAMILY, Pedigree, Malformations of Cortical Development, medicine.anatomical_structure, intellectual disability, Child, Preschool, Neurological, hydrocephalus, Sequence Analysis, cortical dysplasia, Adult, Adolescent, Cells, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Clinical Sciences, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Article, White matter, Young Adult, Rare Diseases, Neuroimaging, Clinical Research, medicine, Humans, Sensory disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 12], SHORT STATURE, Preschool, Genetic Association Studies, WDR62, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Genetic heterogeneity, MUTATIONS, DELETION, Neurosciences, Infant, LINKED MENTAL-RETARDATION, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, X-Linked, medicine.disease, GENE, Brain Disorders, HEK293 Cells, Cerebral malformations, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Congenital Structural Anomalies, CUL4B, mutation, Ventriculomegaly
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 154408.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Variants in cullin 4B (CUL4B) are a known cause of syndromic X-linked intellectual disability. Here, we describe an additional 25 patients from 11 families with variants in CUL4B. We identified nine different novel variants in these families and confirmed the pathogenicity of all nontruncating variants. Neuroimaging data, available for 15 patients, showed the presence of cerebral malformations in ten patients. The cerebral anomalies comprised malformations of cortical development (MCD), ventriculomegaly, and diminished white matter volume. The phenotypic heterogeneity of the cerebral malformations might result from the involvement of CUL-4B in various cellular pathways essential for normal brain development. Accordingly, we show that CUL-4B interacts with WDR62, a protein in which variants were previously identified in patients with microcephaly and a wide range of MCD. This interaction might contribute to the development of cerebral malformations in patients with variants in CUL4B.

Published
2015
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16. Constitutional Mutations of the hSNF5/INI1 Gene Predispose to a Variety of Cancers

Author

Daniel Amram, Olivier Delattre, Nicolas Sevenet, Rupert Handgretinger, Pascale Schneider, and Eammon Sheridan

Subjects
Genetic Markers, Male, Tumor suppressor gene, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, hSNF5/INI1, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Germline, Rhabdoid Tumor Predisposition Syndrome, Germline mutation, Neoplasms, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Allele, SMARCB1, Neuroectodermal tumor, Rhabdoid Tumor, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, Neuroectodermal tumor, primitive, Oncogenes, SMARCB1 Protein, Articles, medicine.disease, Chromatin, Pedigree, Causality, DNA-Binding Proteins, Female, Transcription Factors
Abstract

SummaryBiallelic, truncating mutations of the hSNF5/INI1 gene have recently been documented in malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT), one of the most aggressive human cancers. This finding suggests that hSNF5/INI1 is a new tumor-suppressor gene for which germline mutations might predispose to cancer. We now report the presence of loss-of-function mutations of this gene in the constitutional DNA from affected members but not from healthy relatives in cancer-prone families. Furthermore, a constitutional mutation is documented in a patient with two successive primary cancers. In agreement with the two-hit model, the wild-type hSNF5/INI1 allele is deleted in the tumor DNA from mutation carriers. In all tested cases, DNA from parents demonstrated normal hSNF5/INI1 sequences, therefore indicating the de novo occurrence of the mutation, which was shown to involve the maternal allele in one case and the paternal allele in two other cases. These data indicate that constitutional mutation of the hSNF5/INI1 gene defines a new hereditary syndrome predisposing to renal or extrarenal MRT and to a variety of tumors of the CNS, including choroid plexus carcinoma, medulloblastoma, and central primitive neuroectodermal tumor. This condition, which we propose to term “rhabdoid predisposition syndrome,” may account for previous observations of familial and multifocal cases of the aforementioned tumor types. It could also provide the molecular basis for cases of Li-Fraumeni syndrome without p53 germline mutations.

Published
1999
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17. Early maturation of evoked otoacoustic emissions and medial olivocochlear reflex in preterm neonates

Author

Jean Gabriel Lallemant, Daniel Amram, René Chabert, Alain Uziel, Jean-Luc Puel, Matthieu J. Guitton, and Rémy Pujol

Subjects
Pregnancy, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Efferent, Otoacoustic emission, Infant, Newborn, Gestational age, Infant, Audiology, Olivary Nucleus, medicine.disease, Cochlea, In utero, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Reflex, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Gestation, Humans, Brainstem, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the early maturation of the brainstem regulation of the cochlear function in preterm neonates. Evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) and their regulation via the medial olivocochlear efferent (MOC) reflex were investigated in a large population of preterm neonates and compared with full-term neonates and young babies from birth to 4 y and school-aged children. In 28-wk preterm neonates, EOAE were seen in the mid-frequency range. These responses extended both to the low (down to 1025 Hz) and high (up to 6152 Hz) frequency ranges at 38 wk of gestational age and remained stable up to 4 mo. At this stage, the amplitude of EOAE overlapped adult values. EOAE amplitudes then decreased to reach adult values at 3 y of age. Maturation of MOC efferents innervating the outer hair cells was investigated by studying the suppressive effect of contralateral sound on the EOAE amplitudes (MOC reflex). The first MOC responses were recorded in preterm neonates of 32-33 wk of gestational age, reaching adult-like values at 37 wk of gestational age. The maximum effect of MOC efferent activation occurred between 2000 and 4000 Hz. These results suggest that, in humans, MOC efferents mature in utero. Thus, testing the MOC reflex may have a clinical relevance to detect an abnormal development of the auditory pathways, particularly of a brainstem circuitry not explored through conventional testing.

Published
2006

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