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The idea of ​​using dental evidence in forensic investigations has aroused so much interest in the past that forensic odontology has even been suggested as one way to identify specific criminal cases. Forensic odontology plays an important role in situations where routine diagnostic procedures, such as finger printing and visual acuity, can be performed, in cases of decomposed, burnt or skeletal bodies. The lack of proper dental record and lack of the current practice of maintaining dental record, insufficient training in the field of dentistry for oral pathologist, lack of standard techniques, and lack of antemortem data are some serious problems faced in this field. This review articles deals with providing some solutions to the problems and assess the awareness regarding the dental record maintenance among dentists and create a national database for odontology.

This study is undertaken to prove the antimicrobial potential of the methanolic extracts of the seeds of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) for the antimicrobial assay and biochemical characterization. The knowledge about the type of compound and its nature were obtained using characterizations including UV-Visible analysis and GC-MS. The extracts of cowpea displayed a zone of inhibition which is 13-17 mm, against Staphylococcus aureus being the most sensitive. Thin-layer chromatography, GC-MS and UV-Vis results showed the presence of methyl esters in higher amounts in the extracts with small amounts of sterols, suggesting that methyl esters can be the cause of the biological activity seen in the present work. SwissADME tool helped in screening the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion parameters of the identified phytoligands. Molecular docking results were following the in vitro studies performed. Protein-ligand docking using AutoDock 4.0 software was used for the validation of the wet-lab results. Binding energies were calculated for each ligand and its interaction with amino acids in the active site of the target protein. Among all the ligands tested 9-Octadecenoic Acid has emerged most promising against DNA topoisomerase of Staphylococcus aureus. The molecular dynamic simulation was also done to access the stability of the docked complex concerning temperature, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. Cowpea could be used as an effective antimicrobial agent in human welfare.

Pollution is one of the most pressing issues of modern times. Effluent in the world is escalating due to the exponential growth in the industrial and agricultural sectors. The effluents contain heavy metals, pesticides, and inorganic substances ultimately leading to the deterioration of the ecosystem. Even though there are numerous wastewater treatment methods like adsorption, membrane separation, ion exchange, and physical, mechanical, and chemical treatments. They are expensive and have the risk of second-hand pollution. Biopolymers are alternate and superior to synthetic polymers due to their environmentally friendly approach and high efficiency in treating wastewater. The most prominent plant-based biopolymers for the treatment of pollutants are cellulose, starch, carrageenan, alginate, xylan, inulin, pectin, and tragacanth. These have their advantages and disadvantages in bioremediation. The mechanism of pollution removal has adsorption, flocculation, bridge formation, and electrostatic patches. They are biodegradable as they are natural in origin. They have proved to remove toxic pollutants like chitosan, pullulan, polyhydroxy alkonates and butyrates, dextran, starch and cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone, gelatin, collagen and wheat gluten, alginate, heparin, and pectin to name a few. Biopolymers are also sourced from diverse sources like agricultural wastes and well-known sources like plants, animals, and microbes. Biopolymer and its composites are utilized as coagulants and flocculants. They are cellulose graft polyacrylamide, anionic sodium carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum graft polyacrylamide, pectin polyacrylamide, starch, and tannin. Nanotechnology has led to the development of elite nanohybrid bio-adsorbents to actively remove pollutants. These nano adsorbents have been targeting pollutants like azo dyes, bovine serum albumin, cationic dyes, parabens, and methylene blue among others. Biopolymer composites are also widely used for diverse applications primarily due to their enhanced mechanical and thermal properties. Biopolymers from natural and synthetic sources can be modified and used as per the requirement.

Asparagus racemosus plant fresh root sample was screened for phytochemical constituents that were found to be effective against E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus with zone of inhibition of 16mm, 15mm, and 14mm. The Green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV (Peak at 445nm confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles), FTIR (The N-H and C-O stretching of the aromatic amine groups with the peak at 1631.78cm-1, 1400.32cm-1, 1080. 14cm-1 indicated the presence of silver nanoparticles), XRD (confirmed the crystal structure of the silver nanoparticles),HR-SEM (Spherical shaped nanoparticles ranging from 32.6nm to 150nm). Molecular docking analysis using iGEMDOCK of phytoligands against target glycoprotein for anti-cancer (30WJ), anti-inflammatory (4COX),the anti-bacterial (3UX) and antiviral (GP120) activities were performed and bioactive compound Shatavarin exhibited best antibacterial (-107.944), anti-cancer (-118.366), antiviral (-107.169), anti-inflammatory (-172.98) activities. ADME screening was performed for drug worthiness of the phytoligands of Asparagus racemosus which also confirms to Lipinski rule 5. The phyto ligand Shatavarin is a notable drug candidate for further analysis.

Recently a huge chunk of the population has shifted towards shower gels. The biggest reason might be the fact that shower gels can provide a better care for the skin. They were made with the motive of providing gentle cleansing and moisturizing qualities contrary to that of a regular soap, so that the people can enjoy a better skin care experience. Shower gels generally use chemicals especially sodium lauryl sulfate and betaines. These are believed to cause skin irritation and may not be washed off properly especially in hard water. The recent shower gels have a combined scrubbing effect included along with the scented or flavored body wash. For the scrubbing activity microbeads are employed. These microbeads used as a scrubber are polymers, e.g. being polyethylene or nylon etc. We know how plastics are harmful to us and the environment. And this is a cause of major concern. And since it is small in size it makes it relatively dangerous. Microbeads, because of their small size, have a large surface area by volume which allows them to accumulate highly toxic materials which are toxic to the person and the environment. To overcome the menace of microbeads we propose an alternative

This review article explores the studies of inhalants and inhalant misuse in India. Since much research is focused on illegal drugs not much work had concentrated on the commonly available inhalants. The abuse of inhalants is common phenomenon in the world. In this review, we will explain why these inhalants addiction is an inalienable thing which depressed youths can’t avoid. Then we will look into various inhalants commonly used and also into various case studies available in the literature hence knowing the abuse of inhalants among youths and techniques employed by them to get a kick.