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10. Potential for positive biodiversity outcomes under diet-driven land use change in Great Britain

Author

Ferguson-Gow, Henry, Nicholas, Owen, Outhwaite, Charlotte, Green, Rosie, Scheelbeek, Pauline, Eustachio Colombo, Patricia, Wheeler, Amber, Taylor, Anna, Dangour, Alan D., Mace, Georgina, Pearson, Richard G., Ferguson-Gow, Henry, Nicholas, Owen, Outhwaite, Charlotte, Green, Rosie, Scheelbeek, Pauline, Eustachio Colombo, Patricia, Wheeler, Amber, Taylor, Anna, Dangour, Alan D., Mace, Georgina, and Pearson, Richard G.

Abstract

•Background: A shift toward human diets that include more fruit and vegetables, and less meat is a potential pathway to improve public health and reduce food system-related greenhouse gas emissions. Associated changes in land use could include conversion of grazing land into horticulture, which makes more efficient use of land per unit of dietary energy and frees-up land for other uses. •Methods: Here we use Great Britain as a case study to estimate potential impacts on biodiversity from converting grazing land to a mixture of horticulture and natural land covers by fitting species distribution models for over 800 species, including pollinating insects and species of conservation priority. •Results: Across several land use scenarios that consider the current ratio of domestic fruit and vegetable production to imports, our statistical models suggest a potential for gains to biodiversity, including a tendency for more species to gain habitable area than to lose habitable area. Moreover, the models suggest that climate change impacts on biodiversity could be mitigated to a degree by land use changes associated with dietary shifts. •Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that options exist for changing agricultural land uses in a way that can generate win-win-win outcomes for biodiversity, adaptation to climate change and public health.

Published
2024

14. International trade, dietary change, and cardiovascular disease health outcomes: Import tariff reform using an integrated macroeconomic, environmental and health modelling framework for Thailand

Author

Jensen, Henning Tarp, Keogh-Brown, Marcus R., Shankar, Bhavani, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Basu, Sanjay, Cuevas, Soledad, Dangour, Alan D., Gheewala, Shabbir H., Green, Rosemary, Joy, Edward, Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa, Thaiprasert, Nalitra, and Smith, Richard D.

Published
2019
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22. Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low‐ and middle‐income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries

Author

Prüss-Ustün, Annette, Bartram, Jamie, Clasen, Thomas, Colford, John M, Cumming, Oliver, Curtis, Valerie, Bonjour, Sophie, Dangour, Alan D, De France, Jennifer, Fewtrell, Lorna, Freeman, Matthew C, Gordon, Bruce, Hunter, Paul R, Johnston, Richard B, Mathers, Colin, Mäusezahl, Daniel, Medlicott, Kate, Neira, Maria, Stocks, Meredith, Wolf, Jennyfer, and Cairncross, Sandy

Subjects
Prevention, Clean Water and Sanitation, Good Health and Well Being, Child, Child, Preschool, Cost of Illness, Developing Countries, Diarrhea, Drinking Water, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Hygiene, Income, Infant, Male, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sanitation, Water Quality, Water Supply, burden of disease, diarrhoea, water, sanitation, hygiene, Charge de morbidité, agua, assainissement, carga de enfermedad, diarrea, diarrhée, eau, higiene, hygiène, saneamiento, Public Health and Health Services, Tropical Medicine
Abstract

ObjectiveTo estimate the burden of diarrhoeal diseases from exposure to inadequate water, sanitation and hand hygiene in low- and middle-income settings and provide an overview of the impact on other diseases.MethodsFor estimating the impact of water, sanitation and hygiene on diarrhoea, we selected exposure levels with both sufficient global exposure data and a matching exposure-risk relationship. Global exposure data were estimated for the year 2012, and risk estimates were taken from the most recent systematic analyses. We estimated attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by country, age and sex for inadequate water, sanitation and hand hygiene separately, and as a cluster of risk factors. Uncertainty estimates were computed on the basis of uncertainty surrounding exposure estimates and relative risks.ResultsIn 2012, 502,000 diarrhoea deaths were estimated to be caused by inadequate drinking water and 280,000 deaths by inadequate sanitation. The most likely estimate of disease burden from inadequate hand hygiene amounts to 297,000 deaths. In total, 842,000 diarrhoea deaths are estimated to be caused by this cluster of risk factors, which amounts to 1.5% of the total disease burden and 58% of diarrhoeal diseases. In children under 5 years old, 361,000 deaths could be prevented, representing 5.5% of deaths in that age group.ConclusionsThis estimate confirms the importance of improving water and sanitation in low- and middle-income settings for the prevention of diarrhoeal disease burden. It also underscores the need for better data on exposure and risk reductions that can be achieved with provision of reliable piped water, community sewage with treatment and hand hygiene.

Published
2014

26. Can selenium deficiency in Malawi be alleviated through consumption of agro-biofortified maize flour? Study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial

Author

Joy, Edward J. M., Kalimbira, Alexander A., Gashu, Dawd, Ferguson, Elaine L., Sturgess, Joanna, Dangour, Alan D., Banda, Leonard, Chiutsi-Phiri, Gabriella, Bailey, Elizabeth H., Langley-Evans, Simon C., Lark, R. Murray, Millar, Kate, Young, Scott D., Matandika, Limbanazo, Mfutso-Bengo, Joseph, Phuka, John C., Phiri, Felix P., Gondwe, Jellita, Ander, E. Louise, Lowe, Nicola M., Nalivata, Patson C., Broadley, Martin R., and Allen, Elizabeth

Published
2019
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29. The effect of vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation on routine haematological parameters in older people: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Smelt, Antonia FH, Gussekloo, Jacobijn, Bermingham, Lynette W, Allen, Elizabeth, Dangour, Alan D, Eussen, Simone JPM, Favrat, Bernard, De Groot, Lisette CPGM, Kok, Frans J, Kwok, Timothy, Mangoni, Arduino A, Ntaios, George, Van De Rest, Ondine, Seal, Eric, Vaucher, Paul, Verhoef, Petra, Stijnen, Theo, and Den Elzen, Wendy PJ

Published
2018
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34. Educating and Training a Workforce for Nutrition in a Post-2015 World

Author

Fanzo, Jessica C, Graziose, Matthew M, Kraemer, Klaus, Gillespie, Stuart, Johnston, Jessica L, de Pee, Saskia, Monterrosa, Eva, Badham, Jane, Bloem, Martin W, Dangour, Alan D, Deckelbaum, Richard, Dobermann, Achim, Fracassi, Patrizia, Hossain, SM Moazzem, Ingram, John, Jerling, Johann C, Jones, CJ, Jap, Stefanus Indrayana, Kiess, Lynnda, Marshall, Quinn, Martin, Keith, Narayan, Anuradha, Amuyunzu-Nayamongo, Mary, Pepping, Fré, and West, Keith P

Published
2015
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40. Too bitter to swallow?

Author

Cornelsen, Laura, Green, Rosemary, Dangour, Alan D, and Smith, Richard D

Published
2013

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