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Purpose To investigate the quantitative vascular or structural differences in the foveal section of the eyes in ROP children and healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods This cross-sectional observational comparative study consisted of 75 eyes (44 subjects). Subjects were divided into 4 groups based on the diagnosis or treatment: diagnosed with ROP and treated by intravitreal injection of Conbercept, or Ranibizumab, lesions spontaneously regressed, and healthy age-matched term-born children. Central foveal thickness (CFT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial/deep capillary plexus (SCP/DCP), and choroidal vessel density (VD) at the foveal section were collected by spectral-domain OCT and OCTA. Correlations between foveal microvasculature, preterm status and visual acuity were also evaluated.Results There were significant differences between the four groups in the FAZ area, CFT, VD-SCP (whole-image), and VD-SCP (parafoveal). The FAZ area of ROP children was significantly smaller than that in age-matched term-born healthy children (p=0.009). The CFT of group Conbercept was considerably lower than that of the group Ranibizumab (p=0.044). The FAZ area showed a positive correlation with choroid VD (p=0.012) and a negative correlation with CFT, VD-SCP (foveal), and VD-DCP (foveal)(pConclusion ROP children possess a smaller FAZ area, of which no significant difference is noted when comparing different anti-VEGF agents employed. Anti-VEGF treatment could reduce the CFT, and Conbercept had a better performance than Ranibizumab. Correlation between the microvascular anomalies and central foveal thickness also exists.

BackgroundData on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and drug levels in patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) following intravitreal injections of conbercept (IVC) are lacking.MethodsMulticentre, prospective, non-randomised study of patients with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP) or type 1 ROP who had not received other treatment. All infants received therapy in both eyes plus intravitreal IVC 0.25 mg/0.025 mL in one eye and had at least 6 months of follow-up. Blood samples were collected before and 1 week and 4 weeks after IVC. The main outcome measures were serum conbercept and VEGF concentrations.ResultsForty infants with APROP or type 1 ROP were enrolled. The mean serum VEGF at baseline and 1 week and 4 weeks after a total of 0.25 mg of IVC was 953.35±311.90 pg/mL, 303.46±181.89 pg/mL and 883.12±303.89 pg/mL, respectively. Serum VEGF 1 week after IVC was significantly lower (p<0.05) than baseline, and at 4 weeks after IVC, it was significantly higher (p<0.05) than at 1 week. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between baseline and 4 weeks. Serum conbercept was below the limit of quantitation (BLOQ) at baseline and 4 weeks and was 19.81±7.60 ng/mL at 1 week.ConclusionSerum VEGF 1 week after IVC was significantly lower than baseline but returned to baseline at 4 weeks. Serum conbercept increased at 1 week and was BLOQ at 4 weeks.

BACKGROUND: To compare the outcomes of half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (vPDT) for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) with or without subfoveal fibrin. METHODS: One hundred seventy-three cases of CSCR treated with half-dose vPDT between September 2008 and February 2018 were retrospectively reviewed and classified into two groups: CSCR with subfoveal fibrin (fibrin group) and without subfoveal fibrin (no-fibrin group). The changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline and in central macular thickness (CMT) were recorded at 1, 3, and 6 months after the treatment. RESULTS: Forty-eight eyes were included in the fibrin group and 125 eyes in the no fibrin group. There were no statistical differences in the baseline characteristics including age, gender, duration of symptoms, and CMT between the groups. The baseline mean BCVA of the fibrin group was significantly worse than that of the no fibrin group (0.47 ± 0.32 versus 0.32 ± 0.31 in logMAR; p = 0.003). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the improvement of BCVA at each follow-up point (1 month: p = 0.069; 3 months: p = 0.111; 6 months: p = 0.172, respectively) and in the reduction of CMT (1 month: p = 0.367; 3 months: p = 0.767; 6 months: p = 0.496, respectively). In the fibrin group, the rates of complete resolution of the subretinal fibrin at 1, 3, and 6 months after vPDT were 72.9%, 95.8%, 95.8%, respectively. The SRF resolution rate at 1, 3, and 6 months was 72.9%, 89.6% and 91.7% respectively in the fibrin group and was 62.4%, 83.2% and 84.0% in the no fibrin group. There was no significant difference of SRF resolution rate between the two groups at 1 month (p = 0.216), 3 months (p = 0.350), and 6 months (p = 0.228). No ocular adverse event was encountered in both groups. CONCLUSION: Half-dose vPDT was effective and safe for CSCR patients with subfoveal fibrin.

To evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the complement factor H (CFH) gene and response to PDT in patients with CSC. 103 eyes from 93 patients with CSC were enrolled from Department of Ophthalmology of the People’s Hospital Peking University. Genotyping for selected SNPs in the CFH gene was performed, and multivariate linear analysis was used to identify factors influencing PDT treatment outcomes. Genetics associations between SNPs in the CFH gene and response to PDT in patients with CSC were analyzed. None of the seven SNPs examined in this study (rs800292, rs1061170, rs3753394, rs3753396, rs2284664, rs1329428, and rs1065489) showed significant associations with 1-month outcomes after PDT in patients with CSC (P > 0.05). Baseline BCVA changed at 1 month after PDT (P

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents have revolutionized the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP); however, there are concerns regarding the potential systemic complications caused by those treatments. This study aimed to determine the serum concentrations of cytokines in infants with ROP and to evaluate the changes in serum VEGF concentrations after intravitreal conbercept (IVC). Sixty infants with ROP treated with IVC 0.25 mg were included. Blood samples were collected before treatment as well as 1 week and 4 weeks after treatment. Serum levels of 45 types of cytokines were measured by a multiplex bead assay. We observed that IVC 0.25 mg in ROP patients suppressed the circulating levels of VEGF-A and VEGF-D as of 1 week after injection, and these growth factor levels returned to baseline at 4 weeks. No significant differences were observed in the serum levels of the other cytokines between baseline and 1 or 4 weeks after IVC.

PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal conbercept and ranibizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS In this retrospective study, the date of patients with ROP treated with intravitreal conbercept or ranibizumab from July 2012 to March 2018 with at least 12 months of follow-up at the Eye Center in People's Hospital of Peking University were analysed. Regression, progression or recurrence and peripheral retina vascularization were evaluated. RESULTS In total, 283 eyes (145 infants) with conbercept treatment and 916 eyes (480 infants) with ranibizumab treatment were enrolled. In zone I ROP and aggressive posterior ROP (APROP), the recurrence prevalence was 49.09% (108/220 eyes) and 28.57% (10/33 eyes), and the recurrence interval was 7.87 ± 0.65 (5.5-9.5) weeks and 10.6 ± 1.53 (10.5-13) weeks in the ranibizumab and conbercept groups, respectively. In zone II ROP disease, the recurrence prevalence was 23.56% (164/696 eyes) and 13.31% (33/248 eyes), and the interval of recurrence was 8.40 ± 0.88 (6-10.5) weeks and 11.4 ± 1.35 (11-13.5) weeks in the ranibizumab and conbercept groups, respectively. The recurrence prevalence was significantly higher with ranibizumab in Zone I ROP and APROP (p = 0.006) and Zone II ROP (p

Background: To determine the serum concentrations of cytokines in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and to evaluate the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration who received intravitreal Conbercept (IVC). Methods: Case series study. Forty infants with ROP treated with IVC 0.25 mg and ten full-term infants with congenital cataract were included. Blood samples were collected before and 1 week, and 4 weeks after IVC. Serum levels of 45 types of cytokines were measured by multiplex bead assay. Results: In the ROP group, significantly higher concentrations of VEGF-A, VEGF-D, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1β), interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), regulated on activation, normal T Cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), eotaxin, TNF-α, IL-18, EGF, SCF, PIGF-1, and β-NGF were measured, while lower concentrations of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were observed; when compared with the control group. No significant differences were detected in serum concentrations of VEGF-A and VEGF-D in ROP patients between baseline and 1 week, and 4 weeks after IVC treatment.Conclusion: Besides angiogenic factors, several inflammatory cytokines were associated with ROP. IVC 0.25 mg in ROP patients did not induce circulatory VEGF suppression at 1 week after injection.

Background: To analyze the association between central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the complement factor H (CFH) gene in patients of Chinese descent. Methods: 437 CSCR patients and 510 controls were enrolled from the Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Peking University. We genotyped each patient for six single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in CFH (rs800292, rs1061170, rs3753396, rs2284664, rs1329428, and rs1065489), and assessed each SNP's associations with CSCR. We also performed a meta-analysis of CFH SNPs associations with CSCR. Results: In our Chinese population sample, two CFH SNPs—rs800292 and rs1065489—were significantly associated with CSCR. We found that rs800292 had the strongest association, and rs1065489 had the second strongest association. From a meta-analysis of all existing case-control studies on CFH SNPs and CSCR, we also found significant associations between CFH SNPs rs1329428, rs1065489, rs2284664, and rs800292, and CSCR. Conclusions: Our results show a significant association between CSCR and two SNPs in the CFH gene, rs800292 and rs1065489, in a Chinese population. These findings suggest a role for CFH in CSCR pathogenesis. Further investigation into how CFH contributes to CSCR will improve our understanding of CSCR, and of CFH as a potential therapeutic target.

Purpose To analyze proteins in the tissue of pterygia, and to investigate their potential roles in pterygia, using the comparative proteomic technique of Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with offline 2DLC-MS/MS, Western-bolt. Method The tissue of pterygia and healthy conjunctiva was collected from 10 pterygia patients (6 females, 4 males; average age was 52 years old; average course of disease was 6 years) in our hospital from September, 2015 to March, 2016. iTRAQ was used to analyze proteins in the patients’ pterygia and healthy conjunctiva. Proteins with a fold change of >2. 0 or

This study aimed to study whether the problem-based learning (PBL) as an educational strategy can be of great help in improving the quality of gross anatomy and the attitude of students towards the learning method in China. It was performed in Basic Science of Peking University Health Science Center. The study sample included 200 students and they were assigned to 20 groups. Data collection was done by a questionnaire survey and interview to examine the students’ learning attitudes and perceptions toward this platform as a possible learning tool. Data obtained were compared and the main themes were determined. At the end of data analyses, we gave feedback and evaluation. We found out the satisfaction of students with this learning method and the students’ interest and ability improvement after this teaching method. Also, we showed the problems and largest obstacle that the students face in this learning mode and their expectant evaluation method. The study clearly pointed out that the PBL benefits a lot for the students in the study of gross anatomy despite of the existing problems. In the future, we should implement PBL combined with the characteristics of traditional anatomy teaching in China.