37 results on '"Damci T"'
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2. Study of Once Daily Levemir (SOLVE™): insights into the timing of insulin initiation in people with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice
- Author
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Khunti, K., Damci, T., Meneghini, L., Pan, C. Y., and Yale, J.-F.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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3. Practical guidance on intensification of insulin therapy with BIAsp 30: a consensus statement
- Author
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Unnikrishnan, A. G., Tibaldi, J., Hadley-Brown, M., Krentz, A. J., Ligthelm, R., Damci, T., Gumprecht, J., Gerő, L., Mu, Y., and Raz, I.
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Sub-optimal drug treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients in Turkey. A countrywide survey
- Author
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Damci, T, Kultursay, H, Oguz, A, Pehlivanoglu, S, and Tokgozoglu, L
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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5. Increased intestinal permeability as a cause of fluctuating postprandial blood glucose levels in Type 1 diabetic patients
- Author
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Damci, T., Nuhoglu, I., Devranoglu, G., Osar, Z., Demir, M., and Ilkova, H.
- Published
- 2003
6. Liraglutide and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
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Mann JFE, Ørsted DD, Brown-Frandsen K, Marso SP, Poulter NR, Rasmussen S, Tornøe K, Zinman B, Buse JB, LEADER Steering Committee and Investigators. Bergenstal R, Daniels G, Moses AC, Nauck M, Nissen S, Pocock S, Steinberg W, Stockner M, Kristensen P, Ravn LS, Zychma M, Flyvbjerg A, Ford I, Kloos RT, Schactman MJ, Sleight P, Swedberg K, Tenner SM, Akalın S, Arechavaleta R, Bain S, Babkowski MC, Benroubi M, Berard L, Comlekci A, Czupryniak L, Eliasson B, Eriksson M, Fonseca V, Franek E, Gross J, Hafidh K, Haluzik M, Hayes F, Huang YY, Jacob S, Kaddaha G, Khalil A, Kilhovd B, Laakso M, Leiter L, Lalic N, Ji L, Luedemann J, Mannucci E, Marre M, Masmiquel L, Mota M, Omar M, O’Shea D, Pan C, Petrie J, Pieber T, Pratley R, Raz I, Rea R, Rutten G, Satman I, Shestakova M, Simpson R, Smith D, Tack C, Tarnow L, Thomas N, Van Gaal L, Travert F, Vidal J, Warren M, Yoon KH, Tuttle RM, Sheerman SI, Hegedüs L, Baerwald H, Bergenstal M, Celik S, Dias C, Eder M, Fitzgibbons S, Irvhage L, Kloluckova J, Kriulianski R, McDuffie R, Moen S, Paster A, Saalfeld RM, Sankar K, Shehaj E, Swierzewska P, Tiktin M, Tovey S, Gibson CM, Chakrabarti AK, Dashe JF, Hinchey J, Leary MC, Pride Y, Wiviott S, Allen S, Mehr AP, Mutter WP, Parikh S, Ray S, Cheifetz A, Leffler D, Sheth S, Alexander E, Gaglia JL, Goessling W, Mitzner LD, Rosenberg C, Snow KJ, Wagner A, Piazza G, Abell S, Davis T, D'Emden M, Ding SA, Gilfillan C, Greenaway T, Gunawan F, Ho J, Jackson R, Kalra B, Lau SL, Lin J, MacIsaac R, Makepeace A, Malabu U, Marjason J, McCallum R, McLean M, Moin N, Petersons C, Price S, Roberts A, Roberts D, Sangla K, Stranks S, Tan Y, Thynne T, Walters J, Ward G, Wen W, Zhang J, Brix J, Feder A, Höbaus C, Höllerl F, Höller V, Kotter T, Kratz E, Krzizek EC, Leb-Stoeger U, Mader J, Mras N, Novak E, Obendorf F, Peric S, Pesau G, Prager R, Ribitsch A, Schnack C, Schernthaner G, Wascher T, Batens AH, Benhalima K, De Block C, Ernest P, Fouckova A, Jandrain B, Lapauw B, Letiexhe M, Mathieu C, Neven S, Peiffer F, Ruige J, Scheen A, Taes Y, Van Boxelaer I, Vandistel G, Van Durme Y, Verhaegen A, Alencar E, Alencar R, Almeida AC, Alves B, Alves E, Alves G, Alves J, Araujo L, Arruda V, Augusto GA, Baggentoss R, Balestrassi L, Barbosa M, Barcelos I, Belem L, de Bem A, Betti RT, Bona R, Bosco A, Branda J, Bronstein M, Bueno T, Bulcão T, Caiado F, Camazzola F, Cambréa MF, Campos S, Canani L, Carra MK, Caruso S, Carvalho N, Casillo A, Castro D, Cavalcanti T, Cavichioli V, Cercato C, Chacra A, Challela W, Charchar HS, Chaves C, Chrisman C, Correia-Deur J, da Costa A Jr, Costa M, Costi B, Coutinho P, Coutinho W, Cunha MR, Daher J Jr, Davini E, Democh D Jr, Eliaschewitz F, Esmanhoto Facin G, Farias F, Felício J, Fernandes V, Filho CS, Filho FF, Filho M, Fontan D, Fontenele AP, Forti A, Franco D, Freire K, Fusaro A, Genestreti P, Gerchman F, Godi A, Gomes KF, Gonçalves P, Gonçalves R, Griz L, Grossman M, Gurgel MH, Vasconcellos Haddad AW, Halpern A, Hissa M, Inuy A, Jaime J, Jonasson T, Jorge JC, Malucelli FJ, Kohara S, Kramer C, Lacerda C, Ladeira S, Lana J, Lastebasse F, Leitão A, Leite S, Lerário AC, Lima D, Lima M, Lippi V, Lunardi M, Machado E, Maia F, Maia J, Maia KP, Mañas N, Marchisotti F, Marinho C, Martins C, Figueiredo de Medeiros F, Melo A, Melo F, Mendonca E, Mendonça P, Filho RM, Miguel M, Miléo K, Miyahara M, Montenegro AP, Moraes A, Moreira A, Ítalo Mota J, Mothe FS, Murro A, Nakatani V, Napoli TF, Neto BG, Neto OQ, Niclewicz E, Ohe LN, Oliveira F, Oliveira M, Panarotto D, Parente E, Parolin S, Pechmann L, Costa da Penha P, Perlamagna L, Perotta B, Pimentel L, Pinto M, Poço C, Ponte C, Prazeres P, Quintao E, Raduan R, Rassi DT, Rassi N, Reck L, Montenegro R Jr, Ribeiro R, Rodovalho S, Silveira Rodrigues G, Rollin G, Rossi S, Sabino C, Sales AP, Salles J, Sampaio CR, Santana L, Sato V, da Silva Santos M, Santos NL, Santos R, Saraiva J, Sartori C, Sena R, Sevilha M, Sgarbi J, Silva D, D'albuquerque Silva L, Silva ME, Siqueira K, Soares S, Sobreira W, Sousa B, Souza AC, Souza B, Tambascia M, Tarantino R, Tenor F, Tomarchio M, Triches C, Tristão LJ, Valenti A, Vasques E, Vencio S, Vianna A, Munhoz Vidotto T, Vieira S, Villar H, Visconti G, Volaco A, Wajchenberg B, Zanatta L, Zimmerman L, Abbott EC, Abu-Bakare A, Advani A, Allison R, Bishara P, Bowering CK, Cheng A, Chouinard S, Clayton D, Conway J, D'Amours M, de Tugwell B, DeYoung P, D'Ignazio G, Dube F, Ekoe JM, Fagan S, Garceau C, Gottesman I, Hanna A, Harris S, Hramiak IM, Hurd C, Imran S, Josse R, Joyce C, Kaiser S, Khan F, Kirouac I, Kovacs C, Labonte I, Langlois WJ, Levac MF, Liutkus J, McDonald C, Milosevic V, Nyomba BL, Paul T, Raby K, Ransom T, Reichert SM, Retnakaran R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Raff E, Shaikholeslami R, Sigalas J, Yip CE, Weisnagel SJ, Woo V, Bao Y, Cai X, Chen J, Chen K, Chen M, Chen X, Chen Y, Ji Y, Lei J, Li H, Liu P, Mu Y, Ren M, Ren Y, Shi Y, Wang D, Wang F, Wang J, Wang Y, Yan L, Yang G, Yang J, Yu X, Yuan G, Xu M, Zhao X, Zheng J, Zhou L, Anderlová K, Brožová J, Haluzík M, Hanušová V, Kosák M, Křížová J, Mráz M, Owen K, Rušavý Z, Tomešová J, Trachta P, Žourek M, Andersen PH, Boesgaard T, Christensen S, Gram J, Gregersen S, Henriksen JE, Hermansen K, Jakobsen PE, Jensen J, Krogsaa A, Larsen M, Lervang HH, Madsbad S, Mortensen L, Olesen T, Pietraszek A, Ridderstråle M, Safai N, Schioldan AG, Schmidt C, Snorgaard O, Stidsen J, Cederberg H, Haapamäki H, Hukkanen J, Jauhiainen R, Kujari ML, Lahtela J, Laine M, Mäkelä J, Miilunpohja M, Savolainen M, Taurio J, Vänttinen M, Creton C, Cosma NV, Dillinger J, Jacques JL, Guedj AM, Moulla M, Petit C, Ratsianoharana V, Richter D, Rodier M, Roussel R, Hinz A, Politz E, Esser M, Deuse U, Mittag D, Hagenow A, Jacob F, Jordan R, Gantke D, Venschott-Jordan U, Löhr C, Klausmann G, Eschenbrücher K, Karakas M, Jahrsdörfer B, Kunze MR, Wöhrle J, König W, Spielhagen H, Kilimnik A, Lüdemann HP, Lüdemann J, Mölle A, Mölle M, Müller J, Appelt S, Sauter A, Sauter J, Hartmann U, Löw A, Krötz F, Sohn HY, von Schacky C, Klauss V, Braun D, Segner A, Degtyareva E, Kreutzmann K, Paschmionka R, Hauck N, Sihal O, Busch AK, Maus O, Stübler P, Füllgraf-Horst S, Vietzke A, Müller C, Tosch-Sisting R, Lengsfeld B, Thaler J, Schaum T, Steindorf J, Steindorf S, König A, Reitschuster S, Schlott D, Clever HU, Witzel P, Kempe HP, Stemler L, Benis A, Diakoumopoulou E, Kazakos K, Kypraios N, Liatis S, Pagkalos E, Siami E, Tentolouris N, Alur VC, Agrawal M, Ali M, Asirvatham A, Asirvatham E, Bandgar TR, Balaji M, Bardoloi N, Baruah M, Bekur R, Bhansali A, Bhatia S, Bhonsley S, Bhuyan S, Borah B, Bright N, Ambrish C, Chaudhury T, Choudhury S, Chellan G, Das M, Dharmalingam M, Dutta P, Erugu A, Vinutha FP, Gunasekaran P, Das Gupta R, Iqbal A, Jagadish P, Jain S, Jebasingh H, John A, John M, Kalra S, Kasaragod P, Kesavadev J, Kumar H, Kumar P, Lakshmanan V, Lila AR, Mathew T, Miyen H, Mohan T, Motha A, Murthy C, Shivashankara N, Nanaiah A, Ommen T, Pani K, Pandey K, Paramesh S, Paramesh V, Pillai B, Prabhu M, Kalki RC, Ramachandran S, Ramu M, Rao Y, Reddy S, Saikia P, Saravu K, Selvam K, Sethi B, Shankar A, Sharma A, Shah N, Shankar P, Shetty R, Shivane V, Srivalli S, Thaseen S, Sarada S, Shirisha A, Subramani M, Balaji V, Mohan V, Padmanaban V, Verma M, Vidyasagar S, Walinjkar V, Walia R, Davenport C, Forde H, Gadintshware G, Gan KJ, Khattak A, O'Connell J, O'Shea D, Beilin V, Cahn A, Cohen O, Cukierman-Yaffe T, Daoud D, Darawsha M, Dicker D, Gavish A, Hochberg I, Ilany J, Inbal U, Itzhak B, Karasik A, Karnieli E, Khader N, Khamaisi M, Lender D, Lieberman GS, Mahamid R, Marcoviciu D, Michael L, Minuchin O, Mosenzon O, Narevichius F, Percik R, Potekhin M, Sabbah M, Sawaed S, Schurr D, Segal E, Slezak L, Vollach I, Zaina A, Zloczower M, Zolotov S, Antenore A, Arnone M, Arturi F, Barbaro V, Barone M, Di Biagio R, Buscemi C, Buscemi S, Buzzetti R, Di Carlo A, Carlone A, Caruso V, Casadidio I, Cerrelli F, Ciavarella A, Cipolloni L, Colella A, Colotto M, Consoli A, Crippa VG, Cuccuru I, Cufone S, Desideri C, Fallarino M, Febo F, Filetti S, Foffi C, Formoso G, Frosio L, Di Fulvio P, Gambineri A, Ginestra F, Grimaldi MS, Lamanna C, Leto G, Lucotti P, Lugarà M, Lumera G, Magistro A, Maranghi M, Martelli D, Mattina A, Monti LD, Parise M, Pedace E, Perticone F, Piatti P, Pompea Antonia Baldassarre M, Ragghianti B, Repaci A, Ribichini D, Da Ros S, Rossi M, Santilli M, Sesti G, Setola E, Succurro E, Sussolano E, Tarquini G, Verga S, Vitale V, Alanis RR, del Rosario Arechavaleta-Granell M, de Jesús Beltran Jaramillo T, de Jesús Rodríguez Berrones DA, Rodríguez Briones I, Rodríguez Briones R, Acevedo Castañeda ES, Chapa Grimaldo JB, Flores-Moreno CA, Garza Felix S, Nieto Flores J, Morales Franco G, Garza Morán RA, Hernández González SO, González-Gálvez G, González González JG, Hernández Salazar E, García Hernández PA, Campos Hurtado S, López-Velázco ML, Cardona Muñóz EG, Nuñez Márquez R, Campos Moreno OV, Cavazos Oliveros FJ, Haro Ortiz JA, Pelayo-Orozco ES, Sida Perez P, Vazquez Ramírez R, Uribe Rios MA, López Rodríguez JC, Rodríguez Rosales M, Robledo Durón I, Alvarado Ruíz R, González Saldivar G, Reyes Sánchez R, Sánchez-Michel BL, Contreras Sandoval AY, Velasco Gutiérrez A, Perez Verdín AE, Ramos Zavala MG, Abbink-Zandbergen E, Ahdi M, Bugter A, van Dijk M, Eisma G, Erdtsieck R, Gerards M, Gerdes V, Haak H, Harbers V, Hoogenberg K, Huvers F, Janssen W, Kars M, Kooy A, Lafeber M, Landewé-Cleuren S, Lieverse A, Meesters E, Moerman S, van Moorsel D, Nijhuis J, Smit CJ, Thevissen K, Timmerman Thijssen DM, Willemsen A, Birkeland K, Cooper J, Gulseth H, Hjelmesæth J, Jørgensen P, Kilhovd BK, Kulseng B, Nicolaisen B, Skadberg Ø, Wium C, Antkowiak-Piatyszek K, Arciszewska M, Bajkowska-Fiedziukiewicz A, Bogdanski P, Czubek U, Cypryk K, Dabrowski J, Dabrowska M, Dziedzic S, Dziewit T, Faligowska M, Fedor-Plenkowska G, Gajos G, Galicka-Latala D, Galuszka-Bilinska A, Gladysz I, Grycewicz J, Hachula G, Janas I, Jazwinska-Tarnawska E, Jedynasty K, Jozefowska M, Kaminska A, Katra B, Kitowska-Koterla J, Klupa T, Koblik T, Konduracka E, Konieczny J, Konieczny M, Kosinski M, Kulkowski G, Kunecki M, Kurmaniak M, Lesniewski R, Lominska T, Losa B, Majkowska D, Malecki M, Mirocka J, Misztal M, Mruk K, Musialik K, Olejniczak H, Opadczuk P, Peczynska J, Plinta M, Polaszewska-Muszynska M, Przech E, Pupek-Musialik D, Ruzga Z, Scibor Z, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka A, Siegel A, Stankiewicz A, Strzelecka-Sosik A, Swierszcz T, Szulinska M, Szymkowiak K, Trybul I, Witek P, Wozniak I, Zambrzycki J, Zarzycka-Lindner G, Zuradzka-Wajda D, Zurawska-Klis M, Ahn HY, Chin SO, Choi SH, Chon S, Han KA, Jang HC, Jeong KC, Kang SM, Kim JW, Kim HS, Kim SJ, Kim SW, Kim YS, Lee EY, Lim S, Min KW, Nam JY, Oh SJ, Park SY, Rhee SY, Shin JA, Son JI, Song YD, Woo JT, Yang HK, Yoo JS, Yoon JW, Avram R, Braicu MD, Carlan L, Catrinoiu D, Ciomos D, Ciorba A, Ghise G, Girgavu S, Guja C, Mihai D, Nicodim S, Nistor L, Pintilei DR, Pintilei E, Pletea N, Pop A, Rosu M, Savu O, Serban V, Sima A, Sitterli-Natea C, Suciu G, Szabo M, Szilagyi I, Timar B, Vlad A, Vladu IM, Alfaraj A, Dubova V, Dvoryashina I, Gaysina L, Gromova S, Gudkova K, Ivanova S, Ivashkina I, Kalashnikova M, Kazankova T, Khaykina E, Khaykina O, Kiseleva T, Komissarova E, Kononenko I, Koreneva V, Koshcheeva O, Koshel L, Kozachuk D, Kufelkina T, Kunitsyna M, Likhodey N, Lysenko T, Makarova O, Malceva A, Mikhailova S, Ogorodnikova E, Pavlikova I, Pekareva E, Postoeva A, Reshedko D, Reshedko G, Reshedko L, Rogaleva A, Rogova L, Rozanov D, Runov G, Samylina I, Semikina T, Sergeeva-Kondrachenko M, Shatskaya O, Shimokhina O, Smetanina S, Startseva M, Strelkova A, Suplotova L, Suvorova L, Sych Y, Valeeva A, Valeeva F, Venjkova T, Vinokurova V, Voychik E, Yanovskaya E, Yanovskaya M, Yarkova N, Yarygina E, Yuzhakova N, Zakharova T, Zanozina O, Zenovko A, Zhuk S, Zhukova E, Aleksic S, Bulatovic A, Buric B, Cvijovic G, Jelic MA, Jojic B, Jotic A, Kendereski A, Lalic K, Lukic L, Macesic M, Petkovic MM, Micic D, Milicic T, Popovic L, Prostran M, Rajkovic N, Seferovic J, Singh S, Stojanovic R, Stosic L, Vuksanovic M, Zamaklar M, Zivkovic TB, Zoric S, Aboo N, Albertse HW, Badat A, Basson M, Bawa E, Bester F, Blignaut S, Booysen S, Bosch FJ, Burgess L, Cassimjee S, Coetzee K, Du Bois J, Engelbrecht J, Finegan K, Gibson GJ, Hansa S, Hemus A, Immink IP, Jacovides A, Joshi P, Joshi S, Kapp C, KhoeleMachobane S, Uys Knox HJ, Kok J, Komati S, Lai E, Lakha D, Lehloenyane K, Mahomed AG, Meeding R, Moodley R, Moosa N, Nel J, Nell H, Van Niekerk FJ, Pillay N, Pretorius M, Prozesky H, Ramduth S, Roos J, Sarvan M, Seeber M, Siebert M, Somasundram P, Stavrides A, Venter N, Wadvalla S, Alcolea JO, Álvarez de Arcaya Vicente A, Pérez Arroyo MB, Romero Bobillo E, Buño MM, Carreira Arias JN, Cepero García D, Masmiquel Comas L, Coves Figueras MJ, de la Cuesta Mayor C, Feria-Carot MD, Frade Fernández AM, Ferreiro Gómez M, García García C, García Delgado E, Durán García S, Gómez Gómez LA, Soto González A, Hernán García C, Ángeles Tapia Herrero M, Jodar Gimeno E, Quevedo Juanals J, López Jiménez M, Masanes F, Marco Mur ÁL, Navarro López M, Ramis JN, Palmer AG, Calle Pascual A, Romero Pérez LG, Morales Portillo C, Prieto González S, Mezquita Raya P, Reyes García R, Vera TR, Rodríguez Castro C, Rodríguez Rodríguez I, Sacanella Meseguer E, Serrano Olmedo I, Lopez Soto A, Toba Alonso F, Aliaga Verdugo A, Vidal Cortada J, Vigil Medina L, Ackefelt-Frick E, Alfredsson H, Beling E, Benedek P, Crisby M, Dorkhan M, Drescik T, Eeg-Olofsson K, Eliasson K, Fardelin P, Fredholm A, Frid A, Gerok-Andersson K, Hjelmaeus L, Hufnagl A, Jasinska E, Kowalska E, Lafolie P, Lindquist O, Lundvall M, Melander E, Nicander C, Moris L, Tengmark BO, Saphir U, Skagerberg P, Steczkó-Nilsson C, Strandell B, Tomson Y, Chen JY, Chen YC, Chiang CY, Chou CW, Ho CW, Hsiao PJ, Hsieh MC, Hsu RS, Hsu SR, Huang CH, Hung WW, Lee MY, Lee YM, Lin CW, Lin CH, Lin KD, Lin SD, Lin SF, Liou MJ, Lu WT, Shin SJ, Sia HK, Su MH, Su SL, Sun JH, Tien KJ, Tsai DH, Tsai SS, Tu ST, Wang CC, Wang SY, Yang CY, Yen FC, Acikgoz A, Akalin S, Akin S, Akinci B, Akkurt A, Akturk M, Alkis N, Altun I, Altunbas HA, Altuntas Y, Araz M, Aribas S, Arslan E, Arslan G, Arslan M, Ataoglu EH, Ayan F, Aydin K, Aydogan BI, Ayvaz G, Bahadir MA, Balci MK, Basaran MN, Baskal N, Bugra MZ, Calan M, Cavdar U, Cetin F, Cinar N, Colbay M, Dagdelen S, Damci T, Davutoglu V, Demir M, Demir T, Deyneli O, Dincer I, Dogan B, Kanipek Doker KY, Engin I, Eraydin A, Erbas T, Erdogan MF, Ersoy C, Gedik A, Gokay F, Gul OO, Guler S, Gumus T, Gunes E, Gurler MY, Hatipoglu E, Ilkova H, Iyidir OT, Kabakci G, Karadag B, Karatemiz G, Karci AC, Kartal E, Kaya EB, Keskin C, Keskin EF, Kocabas G, Kocak F, Kol AK, Korkmaz H, Kucukler FK, Mesci BA, Oguz A, Orbay E, Oz H, Ozcan ND, Ozdem S, Ozisik S, Ozkan C, Ozsan M, Ozyazar M, Parlar H, Sargin H, Sargin M, Saygili F, Selek A, Simsek Y, Sisman P, Solmaz K, Soydas C, Tatliagac S, Tamer I, Temizkan S, Tulunay C, Tuncel E, Turker F, Unluhizarci K, Unluturk U, Uygur MM, Vatansever B, Yazici D, Yavuz DG, Yener S, Yenigun M, Yilmaz M, Abbas S, Alawadi F, Aziz AA, Bashier A, Rashid F, Abraham P, Adamson K, Atkin S, Aye M, Azam M, Barnett AH, Bellary S, Dhatariya K, Eaton M, English P, Ewing J, Furlong N, Gibson M, Green D, Herring R, Hordern V, Jaap A, Javed Z, Johnson A, Konya J, Kumar S, Lindsay R, Mackie A, McGlynn S, McKenzie J, Millward A, Murthy N, Paisey R, Pearson E, Piya M, Ramell M, Robertson D, Russell-Jones D, Saravanan P, Sathyapalan T, Shakher J, Shiels H, Sivaraman S, Smith J, Srinivas-Shankar U, Stokes J, Tracey I, Vaidya B, Yee M, Yemparala P, Walker J, Wiggins P, Williams J, Wright J, Mackinnon C, Inkster J, Zeeshan J, Bejnariu C, Malipatil N, Giritharan S, Lonnen K, Kyrou I, Aamir S, Ababa M, Abreu M, Adams D, Adams P, Aden J, Aguilar D, Aguillon A, Ahmed A, Ahmed B, Ahmed I, Akhtar A, Akright B, Akright L, Albarracin C, Albert S, Ali S, Aliuddin B, Almasmary A, Al-Maweri A, Alzohaili O, Amador W, Amine M, Amini S, Anderson M, Anderson L, Anderson R, Andrews M, Angel J, Anteer W, Anthony V, Antillon A, Anzures P, Arcon-Rios S, Arkin D, Arodak B, Aronne L, Aronoff S, Arreola G, Arroyo S, Asnani S, Astudillo-Tee G, Ault S, Austin B, Avila V, Avitabile N, Awasty V, Azar M, Aziz A, Bahrami P, Baig M, Bailey K, Bailey T, Baker M, Bala NS, Balbes-Reyes I, Baldwin D, Baldwin E, Balentine T, Ballard T, Baloch K, Banarer S, Baney C, Banka A, Barber L, Barber M, Barker T, Barnes K, Barnum O, Barra J, Bartkowiak A, Baula G, Bautista A, Bayliss R, Beaman M, Beatty K, Becker J, Bedolla L, Begum G, Belejchak P, Bell A, Beltran M, Belucher C, Bensfield E, Benton J, Bergamo K, Bergman B, Berry M, Bettino K, Beyea M, Bhargava A, Bhattacharya A, Bilas A, Bischoff L, Bixler L, Bizjack S, Blank R, Blankfield R, Block L, Bloodworth J, Bloomberg K, Bloomberg R, Blustin J, Boban I, Bolden A, Boncu O, Bookless P, Brassie C, Brautigam D, Bressler P, Brewster R, Brown C, Brown D, Brown F, Bruskewitz M, Bryant D, Buchanan C, Buchanan N, Buck G, Buckley S, Bueno J, Burke D, Burton K, Buske S, Byars W, Bye R, Caldwell R, Calvin K, Camacho R, Campbell E, Cannon D, Cantrell J, Caplan J, Cardenas C, Carlton J, Carpio G, Carrol A, Cartwright L, Casanova G, Castaneda L, Castle M, Castro L, Catangay J, Chaidarun S, Chambers J, Chambliss T, Chandra L, Chang A, Chang S, Chappel J, Chappel C, Chappell T, Charles C, Chavira A, Chaykin L, Check E, Chee L, Cherry A, Chestnut A, Chiarot J, Chiniwala N, Chionh K, Choe J, Christiansen M, Chrzanowski S, Chuang E, Chuck L, Clyatt J, Cohan B, Cohen R, Comi R, Comulada-Rivera A, Conner K, Connor G, Contreras R, Cook K, Cook R, Corder C, Cornejo B Sr, Cornette L, Cortes G, Cortez L, Cox C, Cox G, Craig W, Cramer B, Cromer C, Cromer M, Cuddihy R, Culmer D, Curran H, Curran M, Dadis C, Dagogo-Jack S, Dairywala I, D'Alessio D, Damberg G, Dang A, Daniel K, Davidson M, Dean J, DeBold R, Deitz P, Del M, Delaney D, Delgado E, DeMicco M, DeMuro MA, DeSalle D, Desouza C, Devireddy K, DeVries B, Dezube M, Diab I, Diesburg-Stanwood A, Dilliard J, Dilling J, Diner J, Dishongh K, Dodis R, Doing C, Doll W, Donoho A, Donovan D, Doremus N, Dorfman S, Doshi P, Dostou J, Douglas D, Douglass S, Dowell M, Drazich E, Driver E, Du H, DuBose R III, Duclos M, Dunn K, Dunnam T, Durham N, Dye L, Eagerton D, Ebenibo S, Edeoga C, Edwards G, Ekwensi J, El Asmar I, El Sayad N, Eliopoulos C, Elkosseifi M, Elmer R, Elmore M, Elson D, ElZein L, Emmert L, Erbe L, Estes S, Estrada L, Estrada A, Eveleigh T, Everhart B, Faas F, Faircloth C, Farmer M, Fehr K, Ferguson T, Fernandes J, Ferree K, Ferrington B, Fitzhugh M, Fitzsimmons R, Flanders D, Flores M, Flores E, Flores J, Florida C, Flynn J, Folmar P, Forbes R, Ford W, Fowler M, Fraker A, Francis S, Franco-Cotto E, Fratila C, Fuentes M, Galagan R, Galloway A, Garcia M, Garcia R, Garriott M, Garza J, Gass N, Gates S, Geary M, Geiger K, Geishauser J, Giglio A, Gilbert M, Godwin S, Goetter B, Goley A, Golici L, Gomori E, Gonzales J, Gore A, Gorman T, Gosmanova A, Goswami K, Gotham A, Govoni J, Graddick S, Grant T, Greca A, Green C, Greenbaum K, Greenwald J, Grover D, Grunberger G, Guice M, Guirao D, Gunna V, Guseva N, Ha T, Hagan A, Hager S, Haggag A, Haggar M, Hamilton M, Hamlet P, Hammond J, Hansen A, Harrell W, Harris E, Harris K, Harris M, Harrison L, Hartman I, Hatch A, Hayes D, Hayes M, Heath J, Heineman R, Heinzman A, Hendrick M, Herbst R, Hermayer K, Hibbard J, Hill WD, Hilliard B, Hix M, Hoch B, Hollander P, Holmes Z, Horobetz C, Horowitz R, Hsieh P, Hsieh S, Htun W, Huang J, Huber C, Hudson T, Huizar S, Hull B, Hull J, Hummer K, Hundal R, Hunt G, Hunt V, Hutchinson P, Hwang J, Iannamorelli A, Iannuzzi L, Ingram M, Iram N, Ismail-Beigi F, Jabbour S, Jackson T, Jaen L, Jain V, Jannesari R, Januski V, Japa U, Jarvis K, Jayson L, Jensen R, Jester D, Jocko C, Johnson C, Johnson M, Johnston K, Jones D, Jones J, Jordan T, Juarez M, Kaapuraala A, Kain A, Kaiser V, Kamradt K, Karatoprakli P, Karegar M, Karounos C, Karounos D, Karunaratne H, Katalenich B, Katic K, Katz M, Kaur G, Kawa A, Keib C, Keider G, Kem D, Kennedy R, Kenney B, Kereiakes D, Ketana M, Kettinger L, Khaira A, Khan A, Khan K, Khan M, Khoo T, Khrlobyan N, Kilgore J, Kim G, Kimble S, Kinsley M, Kitchen T, Klick M, Kniffen W, Knight R, Kodzwa D, Koenig T, Komarovskiy K, Kong Y, Koontz D, Krishnasamy S, Krueger E, Kuechenmeister L, Kuehl A, Kuettel K, Kugler D, Kulow T, Kupriyanchik I, Kuruvanka T, Kushner D, Kwon E, Kwon S, Kyle M, LaBryer L, Labuda J, Lafave J, Laguerre J, Laliberte A, Lane J, Langel C, Lann D, Largay J, Latif K, Latus T, Lawrence J, Ledger G, Lee FG, Lee E, Leffert J, Leinung M, Lenhard MJ, Lentino J, Leon J, Leonard M, Letassy N, Leuck K, Levin P, Levinson D, Lewis M, Light T, Lim J, Lindamood R, Lingvay I, Lipps J, Lisa A, Livingston Y, Llamas L, Loesch R, Long T, Looby R, Lopez C, Lorenz T, Lovre D, Lu P, Lucas K, Luevano G, Luidens M, Luna B, Luttrell L, Lyons T, MacAdams M, Mack D, Mack M, Madden M, Madder R, Madireddy S, Mae L, Mahakala A, Maheshwari H, Malbari H, Maldonado N, Mallitz M, Mandviwala M, Mann K, Mardahay M, Marino J, Marney A, Marshall L, Martin A, Martin E, Martinez G, Martinez-Miss S, Marx P, Massara L, Mastoor M, Matfin G, Maturu A, Maurides P, May M, Mayfield R, Maynard B, Mazza A, McCann K, McCoy J, McCoy T, McCullen MK, McDaniel C, McDaniel AM, McDermott M, McDonald A, McMasters B, McMurray C, Medlin T, Meinel M, Mendez I, Menefee J, Meredith M, Merriweather M, Mersey J, Messino C, Meyer S, Meyers L, Michael D, Midyett C, Miklius A, Milford E, Miller B, Miller H, Milligan M, Minor A, Miranda-Palma B, Mirarchi N, Mittadodla S, Mittle J, Moffat A, Mohaupt S, Mohiuddin K, Mokshagundam S, Monaco S, Monsaert R, Montano-Pereira C, Montgomery A, Moody K, Moon M, Moore D, Moore L, Morawski E, Moreau C, Morin D, Moscoa C, Motzkin C, Mueller R, Munoz C, Munoz M, Myneni A, Naderi B, Nagireddy P, Naidu J, Naidu R, Naik S, Naimark R, Nardicchi M, Ndukwu I, Neller C, Netten-Foster L, Neumiller J, New T, Newman S, Newton T, Nguyen B, Nicol B, Nicol P, Ninivaggi L, Niswender K, Norman L, Noworatzky G, Nyenwe E, O'Brien H, O'Connell T, Oden W, Odugbesan A, Oliver M, Oliver T, Olmeda C, O'Neil C, Oremus R, Ortega T, Ortiz-Santos S, Osborn T, Padmanabhan S, Papacostea O, Park I, Parker A, Parker K, Parker R, Patel C, Patel M, Patel R, Patino M, Patterson S, Paulson K, Paz A, Pemba R, Pepe C, Perez J, Perez T, Perry D, Phillips B, Phillips J, Pickett A, Pinson M, Pitzer R, Poduri M, Poehls J, Poteat T, Powell L, Prasad S, Prevost J, Price E, Priest D, Prieto L, Purewal T, Purighalla R, Purighalla U, Quadrel M, Qureshi A, Radhamma R, Rafla E, Rajab H, Ramalingam R, Ramirez A, Ramirez J, Ramirez K, Ramirez M, Randall M, Rangaraj U, Rao V, Rasmussen P, Rasouli N, Ray A, Reed J, Rems L, Renaud K, Reno M, Resnick M, Reusch J, Reynolds L, Rhoton K, Rhudy J, Ricci C, Rice L, Richardson A, Richardson L, Rickard H, Rickels M, Riff D, Rightenour N, Risser J, Rizvi A, Robertson J, Robinson A, Robinson R, Rockwell M, Rodriguez JP, Rodriguez M, Rojas M, Rojas W, Rooker-Morris L, Root C, Rose M, Rosenberg R, Rosenstock J, Roth M, Ruby R, Sachson R, Sack P, Sadler RK, Sahai S, Salazar J, Salgam M, Samal A, Samson A, Sanagorski R, Sanchez A, Sandberg J, Sanderson M, Sandoval J, Santiago E, Sapp T, Saunders J, Schill J, Schott C, Schreiman R, Schu D, Schuh K, Schutta M, Schwartz J, Schweppe L, Scofield H, Scribner A, Seal J, Sealock J, Seaton B, Sedlak-Hanslik T, Seekins K, Segal M, Seggelke S, Semenza S, Sentman P, Serra M, Seshadri P, Sevilla E, Shah S, Shaheen K, Shanik M, Shaw J, Sheets M, Shellabarger C, Sher J, Shippey J, Shivaswamy V, Shomali M, Shore D, Shroff P, Siddiqui T, Siegwald A, Silver R, Simmons D, Simons R, Sinan A, Singh M, Sirinvaravong S, Skero J, Slover-Zipf J, Small S, Smith B, Smith K, Smith M, Sohl J, Solarz SH, Soler D, Sood A, Sora N, Souchet A, Soule J, Sparks J, Spector L, Speicher R, Spillers L, Spivey T, Springer N, Sprouse H, St John J, Stacey A, Stacey H, Stafford M, Stagner E, Staples K, Steadman E, Steed R, Steeves G, Steinberg H, Stell C, Stirman E, Straub K, Strock E, Sue M, Suris O, 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C, Wise J, Witte M, Wittenmyer J, Wood C, Wood R, Woodruff C, Worthington B, Wynn D, Wysham C, Xavier P, Yela S, Yenoby L, Young L, Younus N, Yourell V, Zaid M, Zubair I., Mann, Jfe, Ørsted, Dd, Brown-Frandsen, K, Marso, Sp, Poulter, Nr, Rasmussen, S, Tornøe, K, Zinman, B, Buse, Jb, Bergenstal R, LEADER Steering Committee and Investigators., Daniels, G, Moses, Ac, Nauck, M, Nissen, S, Pocock, S, Steinberg, W, Stockner, M, Kristensen, P, Ravn, L, Zychma, M, Flyvbjerg, A, Ford, I, Kloos, Rt, Schactman, Mj, Sleight, P, Swedberg, K, Tenner, Sm, Akalın, S, Arechavaleta, R, Bain, S, Babkowski, Mc, Benroubi, M, Berard, L, Comlekci, A, Czupryniak, L, Eliasson, B, Eriksson, M, Fonseca, V, Franek, E, Gross, J, Hafidh, K, Haluzik, M, Hayes, F, Huang, Yy, Jacob, S, Kaddaha, G, Khalil, A, Kilhovd, B, Laakso, M, Leiter, L, Lalic, N, Ji, L, Luedemann, J, Mannucci, E, Marre, M, Masmiquel, L, Mota, M, Omar, M, O’Shea, D, Pan, C, Petrie, J, Pieber, T, Pratley, R, Raz, I, Rea, R, Rutten, G, Satman, I, Shestakova, M, Simpson, R, Smith, D, Tack, C, Tarnow, L, Thomas, N, Van Gaal, L, Travert, F, Vidal, J, Warren, M, Yoon, Kh, Tuttle, Rm, Sheerman, Si, Hegedüs, L, Baerwald, H, Bergenstal, M, Celik, S, Dias, C, Eder, M, Fitzgibbons, S, Irvhage, L, Kloluckova, J, Kriulianski, R, Mcduffie, R, Moen, S, Paster, A, Saalfeld, Rm, Sankar, K, Shehaj, E, Swierzewska, P, Tiktin, M, Tovey, S, Gibson, Cm, Chakrabarti, Ak, Dashe, Jf, Hinchey, J, Leary, Mc, Pride, Y, Wiviott, S, Allen, S, Mehr, Ap, Mutter, Wp, Parikh, S, Ray, S, Cheifetz, A, Leffler, D, Sheth, S, Alexander, E, Gaglia, Jl, Goessling, W, Mitzner, Ld, Rosenberg, C, Snow, Kj, Wagner, A, Piazza, G, Abell, S, Davis, T, D'Emden, M, Ding, Sa, Gilfillan, C, Greenaway, T, Gunawan, F, Ho, J, Jackson, R, Kalra, B, Lau, Sl, Lin, J, Macisaac, R, Makepeace, A, Malabu, U, Marjason, J, Mccallum, R, Mclean, M, Moin, N, Petersons, C, Price, S, Roberts, A, Roberts, D, Sangla, K, Stranks, S, Tan, Y, Thynne, T, Walters, J, Ward, G, Wen, W, Zhang, J, Brix, J, Feder, A, Höbaus, C, Höllerl, F, Höller, V, Kotter, T, Kratz, E, Krzizek, Ec, Leb-Stoeger, U, Mader, J, Mras, N, Novak, E, Obendorf, F, Peric, S, Pesau, G, Prager, R, Ribitsch, A, Schnack, C, Schernthaner, G, Wascher, T, Batens, Ah, Benhalima, K, De Block, C, Ernest, P, Fouckova, A, Jandrain, B, Lapauw, B, Letiexhe, M, Mathieu, C, Neven, S, Peiffer, F, Ruige, J, Scheen, A, Taes, Y, Van Boxelaer, I, Vandistel, G, Van Durme, Y, Verhaegen, A, Alencar, E, Alencar, R, Almeida, Ac, B, Alve, Alves, E, Alves, G, Alves, J, Araujo, L, Arruda, V, Augusto, Ga, Baggentoss, R, Balestrassi, L, Barbosa, M, Barcelos, I, Belem, L, de Bem, A, Betti, Rt, Bona, R, Bosco, A, Branda, J, Bronstein, M, Bueno, T, Bulcão, T, Caiado, F, Camazzola, F, Cambréa, Mf, Campos, S, Canani, L, Carra, Mk, Caruso, S, Carvalho, N, Casillo, A, Castro, D, Cavalcanti, T, Cavichioli, V, Cercato, C, Chacra, A, Challela, W, Charchar, H, C, Chave, Chrisman, C, Correia-Deur, J, da Costa, A Jr, Costa, M, Costi, B, Coutinho, P, 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S, Pechmann, L, Costa da Penha, P, Perlamagna, L, Perotta, B, Pimentel, L, Pinto, M, Poço, C, Ponte, C, Prazeres, P, Quintao, E, Raduan, R, Rassi, Dt, Rassi, N, Reck, L, Montenegro, R Jr, Ribeiro, R, Rodovalho, S, Silveira Rodrigues, G, Rollin, G, Rossi, S, Sabino, C, Sales, Ap, Salles, J, Sampaio, Cr, Santana, L, Sato, V, da Silva Santos, M, Santos, Nl, Santos, R, Saraiva, J, Sartori, C, Sena, R, Sevilha, M, Sgarbi, J, Silva, D, D'albuquerque Silva, L, Silva, Me, Siqueira, K, Soares, S, Sobreira, W, Sousa, B, Souza, Ac, Souza, B, Tambascia, M, Tarantino, R, Tenor, F, Tomarchio, M, Triches, C, Tristão, Lj, Valenti, A, Vasques, E, Vencio, S, Vianna, A, Munhoz Vidotto, T, Vieira, S, Villar, H, Visconti, G, Volaco, A, Wajchenberg, B, Zanatta, L, Zimmerman, L, Abbott, Ec, Abu-Bakare, A, Advani, A, Allison, R, Bishara, P, Bowering, Ck, Cheng, A, Chouinard, S, Clayton, D, Conway, J, D'Amours, M, de Tugwell, B, Deyoung, P, D'Ignazio, G, Dube, F, Ekoe, Jm, Fagan, S, Garceau, C, Gottesman, I, 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O, Stidsen, J, Cederberg, H, Haapamäki, H, Hukkanen, J, Jauhiainen, R, Kujari, Ml, Lahtela, J, Laine, M, Mäkelä, J, Miilunpohja, M, Savolainen, M, Taurio, J, Vänttinen, M, Creton, C, Cosma, Nv, Dillinger, J, Jacques, Jl, Guedj, Am, Moulla, M, Petit, C, Ratsianoharana, V, Richter, D, Rodier, M, Roussel, R, Hinz, A, Politz, E, Esser, M, Deuse, U, Mittag, D, Hagenow, A, Jacob, F, Jordan, R, Gantke, D, Venschott-Jordan, U, Löhr, C, Klausmann, G, Eschenbrücher, K, Karakas, M, Jahrsdörfer, B, Kunze, Mr, Wöhrle, J, König, W, Spielhagen, H, Kilimnik, A, Lüdemann, Hp, Lüdemann, J, Mölle, A, Mölle, M, Müller, J, Appelt, S, Sauter, A, Sauter, J, Hartmann, U, Löw, A, Krötz, F, Sohn, Hy, von Schacky, C, Klauss, V, Braun, D, Segner, A, Degtyareva, E, Kreutzmann, K, Paschmionka, R, Hauck, N, Sihal, O, Busch, Ak, Maus, O, Stübler, P, Füllgraf-Horst, S, Vietzke, A, Müller, C, Tosch-Sisting, R, Lengsfeld, B, Thaler, J, Schaum, T, Steindorf, J, Steindorf, S, König, A, Reitschuster, S, Schlott, D, Clever, 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Kennedy, R, Kenney, B, Kereiakes, D, Ketana, M, Kettinger, L, Khaira, A, Khan, A, Khan, K, Khan, M, Khoo, T, Khrlobyan, N, Kilgore, J, Kim, G, Kimble, S, Kinsley, M, Kitchen, T, Klick, M, Kniffen, W, Knight, R, Kodzwa, D, Koenig, T, Komarovskiy, K, Kong, Y, Koontz, D, Krishnasamy, S, Krueger, E, Kuechenmeister, L, Kuehl, A, Kuettel, K, Kugler, D, Kulow, T, Kupriyanchik, I, Kuruvanka, T, Kushner, D, Kwon, E, Kwon, S, Kyle, M, Labryer, L, Labuda, J, Lafave, J, Laguerre, J, Laliberte, A, Lane, J, Langel, C, Lann, D, Largay, J, Latif, K, Latus, T, Lawrence, J, Ledger, G, Lee, Fg, Lee, E, Leffert, J, Leinung, M, Lenhard, Mj, Lentino, J, Leon, J, Leonard, M, Letassy, N, Leuck, K, Levin, P, Levinson, D, Lewis, M, Light, T, Lim, J, Lindamood, R, Lingvay, I, Lipps, J, Lisa, A, Livingston, Y, Llamas, L, Loesch, R, Long, T, Looby, R, Lopez, C, Lorenz, T, Lovre, D, Lu, P, Lucas, K, Luevano, G, Luidens, M, Luna, B, Luttrell, L, Lyons, T, Macadams, M, Mack, D, Mack, M, Madden, M, Madder, R, Madireddy, S, Mae, L, Mahakala, A, Maheshwari, H, Malbari, H, Maldonado, N, Mallitz, M, Mandviwala, M, Mann, K, Mardahay, M, Marino, J, Marney, A, Marshall, L, Martin, A, Martin, E, Martinez, G, Martinez-Miss, S, Marx, P, Massara, L, Mastoor, M, Matfin, G, Maturu, A, Maurides, P, May, M, Mayfield, R, Maynard, B, Mazza, A, Mccann, K, Mccoy, J, Mccoy, T, Mccullen, Mk, Mcdaniel, C, Mcdaniel, Am, Mcdermott, M, Mcdonald, A, Mcmasters, B, Mcmurray, C, Medlin, T, Meinel, M, Mendez, I, Menefee, J, Meredith, M, Merriweather, M, Mersey, J, Messino, C, Meyer, S, Meyers, L, Michael, D, Midyett, C, Miklius, A, Milford, E, Miller, B, Miller, H, Milligan, M, Minor, A, Miranda-Palma, B, Mirarchi, N, Mittadodla, S, Mittle, J, Moffat, A, Mohaupt, S, Mohiuddin, K, Mokshagundam, S, Monaco, S, Monsaert, R, Montano-Pereira, C, Montgomery, A, Moody, K, Moon, M, Moore, D, Moore, L, Morawski, E, Moreau, C, Morin, D, Moscoa, C, Motzkin, C, Mueller, R, Munoz, C, Munoz, M, Myneni, A, Naderi, B, Nagireddy, P, Naidu, J, Naidu, R, Naik, S, Naimark, R, Nardicchi, M, Ndukwu, I, Neller, C, Netten-Foster, L, Neumiller, J, New, T, Newman, S, Newton, T, Nguyen, B, Nicol, B, Nicol, P, Ninivaggi, L, Niswender, K, Norman, L, Noworatzky, G, Nyenwe, E, O'Brien, H, O'Connell, T, Oden, W, Odugbesan, A, Oliver, M, Oliver, T, Olmeda, C, O'Neil, C, Oremus, R, Ortega, T, Ortiz-Santos, S, Osborn, T, Padmanabhan, S, Papacostea, O, Park, I, Parker, A, Parker, K, Parker, R, Patel, C, Patel, M, Patel, R, Patino, M, Patterson, S, Paulson, K, Paz, A, Pemba, R, Pepe, C, Perez, J, Perez, T, Perry, D, Phillips, B, Phillips, J, Pickett, A, Pinson, M, Pitzer, R, Poduri, M, Poehls, J, Poteat, T, Powell, L, Prasad, S, Prevost, J, Price, E, Priest, D, Prieto, L, Purewal, T, Purighalla, R, Purighalla, U, Quadrel, M, Qureshi, A, Radhamma, R, Rafla, E, Rajab, H, Ramalingam, R, Ramirez, A, J, Ramirez, Ramirez, K, Ramirez, M, Randall, M, Rangaraj, U, Rao, V, Rasmussen, P, Rasouli, N, Ray, A, Reed, J, Rems, L, Renaud, K, Reno, M, Resnick, M, Reusch, J, Reynolds, L, Rhoton, K, Rhudy, J, Ricci, C, Rice, L, Richardson, A, Richardson, L, Rickard, H, Rickels, M, Riff, D, Rightenour, N, Risser, J, Rizvi, A, Robertson, J, Robinson, A, Robinson, R, Rockwell, M, Rodriguez, Jp, Rodriguez, M, Rojas, M, Rojas, W, Rooker-Morris, L, Root, C, Rose, M, Rosenberg, R, Rosenstock, J, Roth, M, Ruby, R, Sachson, R, Sack, P, Sadler, Rk, Sahai, S, J, Salazar, Salgam, M, Samal, A, Samson, A, Sanagorski, R, Sanchez, A, Sandberg, J, Sanderson, M, Sandoval, J, Santiago, E, Sapp, T, Saunders, J, Schill, J, Schott, C, Schreiman, R, Schu, D, Schuh, K, Schutta, M, Schwartz, J, Schweppe, L, Scofield, H, Scribner, A, Seal, J, Sealock, J, Seaton, B, Sedlak-Hanslik, T, Seekins, K, Segal, M, Seggelke, S, Semenza, S, Sentman, P, Serra, M, Seshadri, P, Sevilla, E, Shah, S, Shaheen, K, Shanik, M, Shaw, J, Sheets, M, Shellabarger, C, Sher, J, Shippey, J, Shivaswamy, V, Shomali, M, Shore, D, Shroff, P, Siddiqui, T, Siegwald, A, Silver, R, Simmons, D, Simons, R, Sinan, A, Singh, M, Sirinvaravong, S, Skero, J, Slover-Zipf, J, Small, S, Smith, B, Smith, K, Smith, M, Sohl, J, Solarz, Sh, Soler, D, Sood, A, Sora, N, Souchet, A, Soule, J, Sparks, J, Spector, L, Speicher, R, Spillers, L, Spivey, T, Springer, N, Sprouse, H, St John, J, Stacey, A, Stacey, H, Stafford, M, Stagner, E, Staples, K, Steadman, E, Steed, R, Steeves, G, Steinberg, H, Stell, C, Stirman, E, Straub, K, Strock, E, Sue, M, Suris, O, Sutton, T, Tabbah, I, Talsania, M, Tang, R, Tapia, J, Taylor, K, Taylor-Hancher, R, Teator, R, Tekateka, M, Temple, B, Temple, K, Teodori, M, Tharp, P, Thethi, T, Theuma, P, Thomas, S, Thottan, A, Thrasher, J, Thrasher, L, Tiemeyer, M, Tinney, I, Tobin, T, Toma, S, Tovar, M, Townsend, J, Trantow, C, Traylor, H, Trevino, M, Troy, M, Trumper, D, Tryggestad, J, Tucker, C, Turner, J, Turney, R, Tuten, C, Tyzack, J, Ullo, L, Underkofler, C, Unger, J, Urdanetta, R, Valdivia, V, Valenti, S, Vanderheiden, A, Vanderlinde-Wood, M, Varma, C, Vasquez, E, Vazquez, M, Vickery, D, Villafuerte, B, Villegas, C, Vivar, J, Vivekananthan, K, Vo, G, Vukojicic, K, Wachter, A, Wahl, D, Waitmann, J, Walker, D, Walsh, J, Walsh, K, Walton, A, Wang, A, Wardell, K, Watkins, S, Watkinson, J, Watts, M, Watwe, V, Weaver, N, Weber, R, Wedick, C, Weeks, D, Weeks, L, Weindorff, K, Weinstein, R, Weiss, S, Wenger, K, Wentworth, M, Werner, A, West, M, Whelan, S, White, B, White, J, Whitmire, M, Whittington, R, Wical, J, Wigley, C, Wilkins, F, Will, K, Williams, A, Wilson, Le, Wince, M, Wine, S, Winkle, P, Winner, C, Wise, J, Witte, M, Wittenmyer, J, Wood, C, Wood, R, Woodruff, C, Worthington, B, Wynn, D, Wysham, C, Xavier, P, Yela, S, Yenoby, L, Young, L, Younus, N, Yourell, V, Zaid, M, Zubair, I., Mann J.F.E., Orsted D.D., Brown-Frandsen K., Marso S.P., Poulter N.R., Rasmussen S., Tornoe K., Zinman B., Buse J.B., and Buscemi S.
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Male ,Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Aged ,Albuminuria ,Creatinine ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Diabetic Nephropathies ,Double-Blind Method ,Female ,Follow-Up Studies ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Intention to Treat Analysis ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Liraglutide ,Middle Aged ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE ,KIDNEY-FUNCTION ,DISEASE ,law.invention ,Kidney Failure ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Medicine ,Settore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicate ,Chronic ,RISK ,Kidney ,Acute kidney injury ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,General Medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,TRIAL ,liraglutide, randomized controlled trial, type 2 diabetes, renal outcomes ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Type 2 ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Renal function ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES ,Follow-Up Studie ,03 medical and health sciences ,Medicine, General & Internal ,General & Internal Medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Intensive care medicine ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,MORTALITY ,medicine.disease ,INTENSIVE GLUCOSE CONTROL ,INDIVIDUALS ,chemistry ,Diabetic Nephropathie ,LEADER Steering Committee and Investigators ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND: In a randomized, controlled trial that compared liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue, with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk who were receiving usual care, we found that liraglutide resulted in lower risks of the primary end point (nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) and death. However, the long-term effects of liraglutide on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes are unknown. METHODS: We report the prespecified secondary renal outcomes of that randomized, controlled trial in which patients were assigned to receive liraglutide or placebo. The secondary renal outcome was a composite of new-onset persistent macroalbuminuria, persistent doubling of the serum creatinine level, end-stage renal disease, or death due to renal disease. The risk of renal outcomes was determined with the use of time-to-event analyses with an intention-to-treat approach. Changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria were also analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 9340 patients underwent randomization, and the median follow-up of the patients was 3.84 years. The renal outcome occurred in fewer participants in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group (268 of 4668 patients vs. 337 of 4672; hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67 to 0.92; P=0.003). This result was driven primarily by the new onset of persistent macroalbuminuria, which occurred in fewer participants in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group (161 vs. 215 patients; hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.91; P=0.004). The rates of renal adverse events were similar in the liraglutide group and the placebo group (15.1 events and 16.5 events per 1000 patient-years), including the rate of acute kidney injury (7.1 and 6.2 events per 1000 patient-years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This prespecified secondary analysis shows that, when added to usual care, liraglutide resulted in lower rates of the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease than placebo. (Funded by Novo Nordisk and the National Institutes of Health; LEADER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01179048 .).
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- 2017
7. The safety and efficacy of adding once-daily insulin detemir to oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting in 10 countries
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Khunti, K., Caputo, S., Damci, T., Dzida, G., Ji, Q., Kaiser, M., Karnieli, E., Liebl, A., Ligthelm, R., Nazeri, A., Orozco Beltran, D., Pan, C., Ross, S., Svendsen, A., Vora, J., Yale, J., Meneghini, L., Maran, Alberto, Raimundo, L., Artola, S., and Imamoglu, S.
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,Canada ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Type 2 diabetes ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Body Mass Index ,Endocrinology ,Insulin Detemir ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Insulin ,Adverse effect ,Aged ,Insulin detemir ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,business.industry ,Weight change ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Europe ,Insulin, Long-Acting ,Treatment Outcome ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,business ,Body mass index ,Adverse drug reaction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aims Evaluate the safety and efficacy of once-daily insulin detemir initiated in routine clinical practice in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs). Methods This large observational study was conducted in 10 countries. Adverse event data (including hypoglycaemia) and glycaemic control were recorded before and 24 weeks following insulin initiation while patients continued routine clinical management. Results In this study, 17 374 patients (53% male) were included. Mean pre-insulin values (±s.d.) were: age 62 ± 12 years; body mass index (BMI) 29.3 ± 5.4 kg/m2; diabetes duration 10 ± 7 years; haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 8.9 ± 1.6%. During the study, 27 patients experienced serious adverse drug reaction, severe hypoglycaemic events or both; and there were 31 episodes of severe hypoglycaemia in 21 patients. After 24 weeks, HbA1c was 7.5 ± 1.2% (change of −1.3%; p
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- 2012
8. Weight beneficial treatments for type 2 diabetes
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Meneghini, Lf, Orozco Beltran, D, Khunti, K, Caputo, Salvatore, Damci, T, Liebl, A, Ross, Sa, Meneghini,Lf, Orozco Beltran,D, Khunti,K, Caputo, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-0772-6800), Damci,T, Liebl,A, Ross,Sa, Meneghini, Lf, Orozco Beltran, D, Khunti, K, Caputo, Salvatore, Damci, T, Liebl, A, Ross, Sa, Meneghini,Lf, Orozco Beltran,D, Khunti,K, Caputo, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-0772-6800), Damci,T, Liebl,A, and Ross,Sa
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CONTEXT: The close link between type 2 diabetes and excess body weight highlights the need to consider the weight effects of different treatment regimens. We examine the impact of "weight-friendly" type 2 diabetes pharmacotherapies and suggest treatment strategies that mitigate weight gain. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Evidence was identified via PubMed search by class and agent and in bibliographies of review articles, with final articles for inclusion selected by author consensus. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Substantial evidence confirms the weight benefits of metformin and shows that, of the newer available agents, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists and amylin analogs promote weight loss. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and bile acid sequestrants are weight-neutral. Liraglutide and exenatide appear to have similar effects on weight; however, recent research suggests a potentially greater effect of liraglutide on glycemic control compared to exenatide, when used as a second-line therapy. Mounting evidence suggests that insulin detemir may provide the most favorable weight benefits of available insulins. CONCLUSIONS: Weight-beneficial agents should be considered in patients, particularly obese patients, who fail to reach glycemic targets on metformin therapy. We propose the following treatment choices based on potential weight benefit and blood glucose increment: long-acting GLP-1 agonists (liraglutide), DPP-4 inhibitors, bile acid sequestrants, amylin analogs, and basal insulin for patients with elevated fasting plasma glucose; and short-acting (exenatide) or long-acting GLP-1 agonists, amylin analogs, DPP-4 inhibitors, acarbose, and bile acid sequestrants for patients with elevated postprandial glucose. The weight-sparing effects of insulin detemir, notably in patients with high body mass index, should also be considered when initiating insulin therapy
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- 2011
9. Effect of once-daily insulin detemir on oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) use in patients with type 2 diabetes
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Vora, J, Caputo, S, Damci, T, Orozco D, Pan, C, Svendsen, A, Solje, K, Khunti, K, and SOLVE Study Grp
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oral antidiabetic ,type 2 diabetes ,drug utilization ,insulin initiation ,combination therapy ,outpatients - Abstract
What is known and objective There are acknowledged benefits to continuing metformin when initiating insulin, but there appears to be growing concern over the role of sulphonylureas and thiazolidinediones when used in combination with insulin. This analysis investigates the effects of continuing or discontinuing oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) following the initiation of once-daily insulin detemir. Methods SOLVE is a 24-week, multinational observational study of insulin detemir initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with one or more OADs. Results In the total cohort (n=17374), there were significant improvements in HbA1c (-1 center dot 3%, 95% CI -1 center dot 34; -1 center dot 27%) and weight (-0 center dot 6kg, 95% CI -0 center dot 65; -0 center dot 47kg), with an increase in the incidence rate of minor hypoglycaemia (+0 center dot 256 events ppy, P
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- 2014
10. Initiation of once daily insulin detemir is not associated with weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from an observational study
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Yale, J-F, Damci, T, Kaiser, M, Karnieli, E, Khunti, K, Liebl, A, Baeres, FMM, Svendsen, AL, Ross, SA, Yale, J-F, Damci, T, Kaiser, M, Karnieli, E, Khunti, K, Liebl, A, Baeres, FMM, Svendsen, AL, and Ross, SA
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BACKGROUND: Obesity is common in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and is associated with increased risk of morbidity and all-cause mortality. This analysis describes weight changes associated with insulin detemir initiation in real-life clinical practice. METHODS: Study of Once-Daily Levemir (SOLVE) was a 24-week international observational study of once-daily insulin detemir as add-on therapy in patients with T2DM receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs). RESULTS: 17,374 participants were included in the analysis: mean age 62 ± 12 years; weight 80.8 ± 17.6 kg; body mass index (BMI) 29.2 ± 5.3 kg/m2; diabetes duration 10 ± 7 years; HbA1c 8.9 ± 1.6%. HbA1c decreased by 1.3 ± 1.5% during the study, with insulin doses of 0.27 ± 0.17 IU/kg. Patients with higher BMI had higher pre-insulin HbA1c, and similar reductions in HbA1c with insulin therapy. Weight decreased from 80.8 ± 17.6 kg to 80.3 ± 17.0 kg (change of -0.6 [95% CI -0.65; -0.47] kg), with 35% of patients losing >1 kg. Patients with the highest pre-insulin BMI lost the greatest amount of weight: BMI < 25: +0.8 [95% CI: 0.6; 0.9] kg, 25 ≤ BMI < 30: -0.2 [95% CI: -0.3; -0.8] kg, 30 ≤ BMI < 35: -1.0 [95% CI: -1.1; -0.8] kg; BMI ≥ 35: -1.9 [95% CI: -2.2; -1.6] kg. Minor hypoglycaemia decreased with increasing BMI: 2.3 and 1.3 events per patient year for BMI <25 and ≥ 35, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, patients with poorly controlled T2DM achieved significant reductions in HbA1c after initiation of once-daily insulin detemir therapy, without weight gain. The favourable impact of insulin detemir on weight may not apply to other insulin preparations. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00825643 and NCT00740519.
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- 2013
11. The role of coping with disease in adherence to treatment regimen and disease control in type 1 and insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Janet Turan, Osar, Z., Molzan Turan, J., Damci, T., and Ilkova, H.
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Adult ,Male ,Diabetic Retinopathy ,Outpatient Clinics, Hospital ,Adolescent ,Turkey ,Middle Aged ,Hospitals, University ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Diet, Diabetic ,Humans ,Insulin ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,Attitude to Health ,Aged - Abstract
Coping is defined as the behavioral and cognitive efforts used in an attempt to deal with stressful events. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between coping with diabetes and the following outcome variables in type 1 and insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus: glycemic control, microangiopathic complications, adherence to self monitoring of blood glucose, adherence to insulin injections, and adherence to diet.Subjects were 196 insulin treated adult diabetes patients visiting an outpatient clinic at a government university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. Coping with disease was measured with the Turkish version of the Diabetes Coping Measure and adherence to treatment regimen was measured with a questionnaire adapted from the subscales of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire. Data on patients' HbA(1c) levels and severity of microangiopathic complications were obtained from their medical records.Partial correlations controlling for background variables suggested that coping was a good predictor of outcome for both type 1 and insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus. These associations were more pronounced for type 1 patients when compared to type 2 patients. Regressing the outcome variables on the two second-order coping factors (obtained by a factor analysis) also supported the hypothesis that coping is an important construct in explaining the outcome variables. Finally, the effect of coping on HbA(1c) was only partially mediated by adherence.Coping with diabetes-related issues is an important factor in both types of diabetes, with type 1 patients showing slightly stronger associations. Therefore, training and education programs for diabetic adults might benefit from including a component that is aimed at improving coping with issues specific to diabetes.
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- 2002
12. Orlistat Augments Postprandial Increases In Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Response to Horowitz et al.
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Damci, T., primary, Yalin, S., additional, Balci, H., additional, Osar, Z., additional, Korugan, U., additional, Ozyazar, M., additional, and Ilkova, H., additional
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- 2004
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13. Obesity: A heavy burden on type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Ayata, E., primary, Yumuk, V., additional, Gürsu, U., additional, İzmir, Ş., additional, Samanci, T., additional, Oşar, Z., additional, Damci, T., additional, Özyazar, M., additional, Görpe, U., additional, and İlkova, H., additional
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- 2000
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14. Do type 1 and type 2 diabetes coexist?
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Damci, T, primary, Oşar, Z, additional, Yumuk, V, additional, Özyazar, M, additional, and İlkova, H, additional
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- 2000
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15. Effect of once-daily insulin detemir on oral antidiabetic drug ( OAD) use in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Vora, J., Caputo, S., Damci, T., Orozco‐Beltran, D., Pan, C., Svendsen, A. L., Sølje, K. S., and Khunti, K.
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CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DRUG interactions ,HYPOGLYCEMIC agents ,INSULIN ,LONGITUDINAL method ,MEDICAL cooperation ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICS ,T-test (Statistics) ,DATA analysis ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
What is known and objective There are acknowledged benefits to continuing metformin when initiating insulin, but there appears to be growing concern over the role of sulphonylureas and thiazolidinediones when used in combination with insulin. This analysis investigates the effects of continuing or discontinuing oral antidiabetic drugs ( OADs) following the initiation of once-daily insulin detemir. Methods SOLVE is a 24-week, multinational observational study of insulin detemir initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with one or more OADs. Results In the total cohort ( n = 17 374), there were significant improvements in HbA1c (−1·3%, 95% CI −1·34; −1·27%) and weight (−0·6 kg, 95% CI −0·65; −0·47 kg), with an increase in the incidence rate of minor hypoglycaemia (+0·256 events ppy, P < 0·001), but not severe hypoglycaemia (−0·038 events ppy, P < 0·001). Study participants had information on OAD use either prior to ( n = 17 086) or during insulin initiation ( n = 16 346). HbA1c reductions were significantly greater in patients continuing treatment with metformin (−1·3% vs. −1·1%, P < 0·01), thiazolidinediones (−1·3% vs. −1·0%, P < 0·01) and DPP- IV inhibitors (−1·3% vs. −0·9%, P < 0·001). Final insulin doses were significantly greater in patients discontinuing treatment with sulphonylureas (0·29 vs. 0·26 IU/kg, P < 0·001), glinides (0·28 vs. 0·26 IU/kg, P < 0·01), thiazolidinediones (0·31 vs. 0·26 IU/kg, P < 0·001) and DPP- IV inhibitors (0·35 vs. 0·29 IU/kg, P < 0·001) compared with patients continuing these respective agents. All patient subgroups had a mean weight loss irrespective of OAD continuation, apart from those continuing thiazolidinediones (+0·2 kg). The largest improvements in weight were seen following the withdrawal of sulphonylureas and thiazolidinediones (−1·1 and −1·1 kg, respectively). What is new and conclusion Discontinuation (or switching) of OADs at the time of insulin initiation appears to be governed principally by concerns about hypoglycaemia and weight. HbA1c improvements were smaller in patients discontinuing OADs at the time of insulin initiation and may be associated with insufficient insulin titration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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16. Turkish Diabetes Association Diabetes Center
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Bagriaçik, N., primary, Görpe, U., additional, Ilikova, H., additional, Damci, T., additional, and Ipbüker, A., additional
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- 1994
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17. Diabetes summer camp
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Ipbüker, A., primary, Görpe, U., additional, Ilkova, H., additional, Damci, T., additional, and Bagriaçik, N., additional
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- 1994
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18. Does instantaneous blood glucose affect vibration perception threshold measurement using biothesiometer?
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Damci, T., Osar, Z., Beyhan, S., Ilkova, H., Ozyazar, M., Gorpe, U., and Bagriacik, N.
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- 1999
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19. Serum Lipoprotein(a) Is Not Associated with Graves' Ophthalmopathy.
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Sulu C, Dedeoglu SE, Gonen B, Hepokur M, Guzel AN, Sahin S, Demir AN, Kara Z, Konukoglu D, Damci T, and Gonen MS
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- Humans, Lipoprotein(a), Iodine Radioisotopes, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, Triglycerides, Thyroid Neoplasms, Graves Ophthalmopathy diagnosis, Graves Disease
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Aim: To investigate the relationship of serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and other serum lipids with presence of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods: A total of 99 consecutive patients diagnosed with Graves' disease (GD), aged 18-65 years, who had not received prior treatment for GO, thyroid surgery, or radioactive iodine therapy, were recruited between June 2020 and July 2022. In addition, 56 healthy controls (HCs) were included as the control group. All patients underwent an ophthalmological examination, and were classified based on the presence of GO into the GO group ( n = 45) and no GO group ( n = 54). Fasting blood samples were collected from all participants to analyze serum lipid parameters, including Lp(a), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides. Results: The median serum levels of Lp(a) were 5.7 [4.3-9.2] in the GO group, 6.7 [3.7-9.9] in the no GO group, and 4.7 [3-7.6] in the HC group. The intergroup comparisons of serum Lp(a) levels showed no significant result. The serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were also similar between the groups ( P > 0.05 for all). However, when analyzing only euthyroid GD patients and the control group, the serum LDL cholesterol levels were found to be significantly higher in the euthyroid GO group [median: 132 interquartile range (IQR) (110-148) mg/dL] than in the HCs [median: 96 IQR (94-118) mg/dL] ( P = 0.002). Conclusion: The findings of our study did not support the association between serum Lp(a) levels and GO.
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- 2024
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20. The effect of radioiodine therapy on blood cell count in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Demir AN, Kara Z, Sulu C, Uysal S, Zulfaliyeva G, Atar OA, Valikhanova N, Ozturk T, Ozkaya HM, Damci T, and Gonen MS
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Iodine Radioisotopes adverse effects, Blood Cell Count, Leukocyte Count, Retrospective Studies, Thyroid Neoplasms radiotherapy, Thyroid Neoplasms drug therapy, Lymphopenia chemically induced, Lymphopenia drug therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of radioiodine treatment (RAI) on blood cell counts in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and to describe the characteristics of patients at high risk for blood cell count abnormalities., Methods: The study included patients with DTC who underwent RAI treatment between 2007 and 2017. Patients with regular complete blood counts for at least 5 years were included, while those with diseases or treatments that could influence blood count parameters were excluded. Blood cell count abnormalities were defined according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0, and factors influencing these abnormalities were examined., Results: A total of 225 patients were analyzed. The mean age at diagnosis was 45.8 ± 13.9 years, and 76.5% of patients were female. In the first year after RAI, leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were significantly reduced compared with baseline values. The leukocyte and neutrophil counts returned to baseline values by the third year, while the decrease in lymphocytes continued until the fifth year. Blood cell count abnormalities developed in 16 patients (7.1%) within the first year after RAI. Risk factors for blood cell count abnormalities within the first year after RAI included male sex, older age, T4, N1, and M1 disease, as well as higher RAI doses. In logistic regression analysis, only RAI dose remained independently associated with blood cell count abnormalities., Conclusion: These results suggest an association between RAI dose and blood cell count abnormalities, characterized by mild lymphopenia, and indicate that the risk of mild lymphopenia persists over time. Careful consideration should be given when planning high-dose RAI for patients at a high risk of blood cell count abnormalities, such as males with metastatic disease and of advanced age., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Hellenic Endocrine Society.)
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- 2023
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21. The Role of Obesity in Predicting the Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19.
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Sahin S, Sezer H, Cicek E, Yagız Ozogul Y, Yildirim M, Icli TB, Polat Korkmaz O, Durcan E, Sulu C, Somay K, Bekdemir B, Borekci S, Yazici D, Deyneli O, Ergonul O, Tabak F, Dikmen Y, Ozkaya HM, Gonen MS, Damci T, Ilkova H, and Yumuk VD
- Subjects
- Comorbidity, Hospitalization, Humans, Obesity complications, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this was to describe the predictors of mortality related to COVID-19 infection and to evaluate the association between overweight, obesity, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19., Methods: We included the patients >18 years of age, with at least one positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Patients were grouped according to body mass index values as normal weight <25 kg/m2 (Group A), overweight from 25 to <30 kg/m2 (Group B), Class I obesity 30 to <35 kg/m2 (Group C), and ≥35 kg/m2 (Group D). Mortality, clinical outcomes, laboratory parameters, and comorbidities were compared among 4 groups., Results: There was no significant difference among study groups in terms of mortality. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation requirement was higher in group B and D than group A, while it was higher in Group D than Group C (Group B vs. Group A [p = 0.017], Group D vs. Group A [p = 0.001], and Group D vs. Group C [p = 0.016]). Lung involvement was less common in Group A, and presence of hypoxia was more common in Group D (Group B vs. Group A [p = 0.025], Group D vs. Group A [p < 0.001], Group D vs. Group B [p = 0.006], and Group D vs. Group C [p = 0.014]). The hospitalization rate was lower in Group A than in the other groups; in addition, patients in Group D have the highest rate of hospitalization (Group B vs. Group A [p < 0.001], Group C vs. Group A [p < 0.001], Group D vs. Group A [p < 0.001], Group D vs. Group B [p < 0.001], and Group D vs. Group C [p = 0.010])., Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with overweight and obesity presented with more severe clinical findings. Health-care providers should take into account that people living with overweight and obesity are at higher risk for COVID-19 and its complications., (© 2021 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2021
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22. Exploring the characteristics of suboptimally controlled patients after 24weeks of basal insulin treatment: An individualized approach to intensification.
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Khunti K, Damci T, Husemoen LL, Babu V, and Liebl A
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- Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Insulin, Long-Acting therapeutic use
- Abstract
Aim: To identify characteristics of suboptimally controlled patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on basal insulin treatment who may benefit from intensive titration or further intensification of treatment., Methods: A post hoc analysis of SOLVE: a 24-week, international, observational study conducted in 17,374 patients with T2DM inadequately controlled on oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) started on once-daily insulin detemir. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they achieved HbA1c<7.0% (<53.0mmol/mol) or not at final visit., Results: Suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c⩾7.0 [⩾53.0mmol/mol]) was independently associated with several baseline characteristics including higher baseline HbA
1c (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.56 [1.50;1.62]; p<0.0001) and body mass index (BMI) (1.03 [1.02;1.04]; p<0.0001), longer duration of diabetes (5-10years: 1.44 [1.25;1.66]; >10years: 1.44 [1.17;1.77]; p<0.0001), and greater number of OADs (two OADs: 1.27 [1.12;1.44]; >2 OADs: 1.38 [1.14;1.66]; p=0.0003). Overall reporting of hypoglycemia was low; fewer patients with HbA1c⩾7.0% (⩾53.0mmol/mol) reported hypoglycemic events compared with patients with HbA1c<7.0% (9.8% vs. 12.5%, respectively; p<0.001)., Conclusions: Baseline characteristics related to severity of disease were strongly associated with suboptimal glycemic control in patients with T2DM receiving basal insulin. These factors may help clinicians in identifying patients who may require an individualized approach to titration or intensification of treatment., Trial Registration: NCT00740519., (Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
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23. Lower risk of hypoglycaemia and greater odds for weight loss with initiation of insulin detemir compared with insulin glargine in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: local results of a multinational observational study.
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Damci T, Emral R, Svendsen AL, Balkir T, and Vora J
- Subjects
- Aged, Blood Glucose analysis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypoglycemia chemically induced, Insulin Detemir, Insulin Glargine, International Agencies, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Hypoglycemia prevention & control, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Insulin, Long-Acting therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of insulin initiation with once-daily insulin detemir (IDet) or insulin glargine (IGlar) in real-life clinical practice in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)., Methods: This was a 24-week multinational observational study of insulin initiation in patients with T2DM., Results: The Turkish cohort (n = 2886) included 2395 patients treated with IDet and 491 with IGlar. The change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from the pre-insulin levels was -2.21% [95% confidence interval (CI) -2.32, -2.09] in the IDet group and -1.88% [95% CI -2.17, -1.59] in the IGlar group at the final visit. The incidence rate of minor hypoglycaemia increased in both groups from the pre-insulin to the final visit (+0.66 and +2.23 events per patient year in the IDet and IGlar groups, respectively). Weight change in the IDet group was -0.23 kg [95% CI -0.49, 0.02 kg], and +1.55 kg [95% CI 1.11, 2.00 kg] in the IGlar group. Regression analysis with adjustment for previously identified confounders (age, gender, duration of diabetes, body mass index, previous history of hypoglycaemia, microvascular disease, number and change in oral anti-diabetic drug therapy, HbA1c at baseline and insulin dose) identified an independent effect of insulin type (IDet versus IGlar) with a risk of at least one episode of hypoglycaemia (odds ratio (OR): 0.33 [95% CI 0.21, 0.52], p <0.0001), and weight loss ≥1 kg (OR: 1.75 [95% CI 1.18, 2.59], p = 0.005), but not on HbA1c (+0.05% [95% CI -0.15, 0.25%], p = 0.6)., Conclusions: Initiation of basal insulin analogues, IDet and IGlar, were associated with clinically significant glycaemic improvements. A lower risk of minor hypoglycaemia and greater odds of weight loss ≥1 kg was observed with IDet compared with IGlar., Trial Registration: NCT00825643 and NCT00740519.
- Published
- 2014
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24. Initiation of once daily insulin detemir is not associated with weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from an observational study.
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Yale JF, Damci T, Kaiser M, Karnieli E, Khunti K, Liebl A, Baeres FM, Svendsen AL, and Ross SA
- Abstract
Background: Obesity is common in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and is associated with increased risk of morbidity and all-cause mortality. This analysis describes weight changes associated with insulin detemir initiation in real-life clinical practice., Methods: Study of Once-Daily Levemir (SOLVE) was a 24-week international observational study of once-daily insulin detemir as add-on therapy in patients with T2DM receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs)., Results: 17,374 participants were included in the analysis: mean age 62 ± 12 years; weight 80.8 ± 17.6 kg; body mass index (BMI) 29.2 ± 5.3 kg/m2; diabetes duration 10 ± 7 years; HbA1c 8.9 ± 1.6%. HbA1c decreased by 1.3 ± 1.5% during the study, with insulin doses of 0.27 ± 0.17 IU/kg. Patients with higher BMI had higher pre-insulin HbA1c, and similar reductions in HbA1c with insulin therapy. Weight decreased from 80.8 ± 17.6 kg to 80.3 ± 17.0 kg (change of -0.6 [95% CI -0.65; -0.47] kg), with 35% of patients losing >1 kg. Patients with the highest pre-insulin BMI lost the greatest amount of weight: BMI < 25: +0.8 [95% CI: 0.6; 0.9] kg, 25 ≤ BMI < 30: -0.2 [95% CI: -0.3; -0.8] kg, 30 ≤ BMI < 35: -1.0 [95% CI: -1.1; -0.8] kg; BMI ≥ 35: -1.9 [95% CI: -2.2; -1.6] kg. Minor hypoglycaemia decreased with increasing BMI: 2.3 and 1.3 events per patient year for BMI <25 and ≥ 35, respectively., Conclusions: Overall, patients with poorly controlled T2DM achieved significant reductions in HbA1c after initiation of once-daily insulin detemir therapy, without weight gain. The favourable impact of insulin detemir on weight may not apply to other insulin preparations., Trial Registrations: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00825643 and NCT00740519.
- Published
- 2013
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25. Comparison of a soluble co-formulation of insulin degludec/insulin aspart vs biphasic insulin aspart 30 in type 2 diabetes: a randomised trial.
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Niskanen L, Leiter LA, Franek E, Weng J, Damci T, Muñoz-Torres M, Donnet JP, Endahl L, Skjøth TV, and Vaag A
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Biphasic Insulins adverse effects, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Combinations, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage, Hypoglycemic Agents adverse effects, Insulin Aspart adverse effects, Insulin, Isophane adverse effects, Insulin, Long-Acting adverse effects, Male, Metformin administration & dosage, Metformin adverse effects, Middle Aged, Solubility, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Biphasic Insulins administration & dosage, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Insulin Aspart administration & dosage, Insulin, Isophane administration & dosage, Insulin, Long-Acting administration & dosage
- Abstract
Objective: Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a soluble co-formulation of insulin degludec (70%) and insulin aspart (IAsp: 30%). Here, we compare the efficacy and safety of IDegAsp, an alternative IDegAsp formulation (AF: containing 45% IAsp), and biphasic IAsp 30 (BIAsp 30)., Design: Sixteen-week, open-label, randomised, treat-to-target trial., Methods: Insulin-naive subjects with type 2 diabetes (18-75 years) and a HbA1c of 7-11% were randomised to twice-daily IDegAsp (n=61), AF (n=59) or BIAsp 30 (n=62), all in combination with metformin. Insulin was administered pre-breakfast and dinner (main evening meal) and titrated to pre-breakfast and pre-dinner plasma glucose (PG) targets of 4.0-6.0 mmol/l., Results: Mean HbA1c after 16 weeks was comparable for IDegAsp, AF and BIAsp 30 (6.7, 6.6 and 6.7% respectively). With IDegAsp, 67% of subjects achieved HbA1c 7.0% Without confirmed hypoglycaemia in the last 4 weeks of treatment compared with 53% (AF) and 40% (BIAsp 30). Mean fasting PG was significantly lower for IDegAsp vs BIAsp 30 (treatment difference (TD): -0.99 mmol/l (95% confidence interval: -1.68; 0.29)) and AF vs BIAsp 30 (TD: -0.88 mmol/l (-1.58; -0.18)). A significant, 58% lower rate of confirmed hypoglycaemia was found for IDegAsp vs BIAsp 30 (rate ratio (RR): 0.42 (0.23; 0.75)); rates were similar for AF vs BIAsp 30 (RR: 0.92 (0.54; 1.57)). IDegAsp and AF had numerically lower rates of nocturnal confirmed hypoglycaemia vs BIAsp 30 (RR: 0.33 (0.09; 1.14) and 0.66 (0.22; 1.93) respectively)., Conclusions: IDegAsp provided comparable overall glycaemic control to BIAsp 30 with a significantly lower rate of hypoglycaemia.
- Published
- 2012
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26. Practical guidance to insulin management.
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Meneghini L, Artola S, Caputo S, Damci T, Dzida G, Kaiser M, Khunti K, Liebl A, Ligthelm R, Maran A, Orozco-Beltran D, Ross S, and Yale JF
- Subjects
- Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Insulin therapeutic use, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Abstract
The practical guidance to insulin management is a simple tool for health care providers, particularly primary care physicians (PCPs). Developed by experts in diabetes care at an international meeting, it aims to help physicians make key decisions to optimize insulin management and decrease long-term morbidity risk. With a growing role for PCPs in type 2 diabetes, the practical guidance focuses on confident, appropriate and timely insulin initiation. Using the acronym 'TIME' (Targets, Insulin, Managing weight, Encouragement and support) the practical guidance aims, in a visually appealing format, to help physicians address the challenges of insulin management with their patients, from diagnosis through insulin initiation to follow-up., (2010 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
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27. Serum levels of p53 and cytochrome c in subjects with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance.
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Dincer Y, Himmetoglu S, Yalin S, Damci T, Ilkova H, and Akcay T
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Cytochromes c blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Glucose Intolerance blood, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 blood
- Abstract
Purpose: To examine apoptotic markers in serum of subjects with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Serum levels of p53 and cytochrome c, regulator molecules for apoptosis, were measured in subjects with type 2 diabetes, subjects with IGT and healthy controls., Methods: Forty one subjects with type 2 diabetes, 27 with IGT and 27 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Serum level of cytochrome c and p53 were measured with competitive ELISA., Results: Serum levels of p53 were lower in the group of subjects with type 2 diabetes (085+/-0.39 U/ml) than in controls (1.09+/-0.49 U/ml) (P < 0.05) and in the subjects with IGT (0.98+/-0.37 U/ml) (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the group with IGT and controls. Also, there was no difference for serum level of cytochrome c among the groups. In the group of subjects with type 2 diabetes, serum level of cytochrome c was mildly correlated with HbA1c (r:0.39, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The present study shows that the serum level of p53 is lower in the patients with type 2 diabetes than in controls or in subjects with IGT. No difference was seen among the the groups for the serum level of cytochrome c.
- Published
- 2009
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28. The impact of diabetes and coronary artery disease on mortality and morbidity in patients with hypertension.
- Author
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Oğuz A, Damci T, Pehlivanoğlu S, Kültürsay H, Tokgözoğlu L, Senocak M, and Yusuf M
- Subjects
- Aged, Cause of Death, Cholesterol blood, Cholesterol, HDL blood, Coronary Disease mortality, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Complications mortality, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus mortality, Diabetic Angiopathies mortality, Female, Humans, Hypertension mortality, Male, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Smoking epidemiology, Survival Analysis, Turkey epidemiology, Coronary Disease epidemiology, Diabetes Complications epidemiology, Diabetic Angiopathies epidemiology, Hypertension epidemiology
- Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or coronary artery disease (CAD) on cardiovascular endpoints in a cohort of hypertensive patients., Study Design: The Vascular Risk Study is a cross-sectional, multicenter, observational study conducted among 5,600 patients from various regions of Turkey. This analysis included 2,664 patients (1,643 women, 1,021 men; mean age 65.3 years; range 55-99 years) whose follow-up data were adequate among a population of 4,506 hypertensive subjects. Cardiovascular primary and secondary endpoints at the end of a five-year follow-up were assessed in patients who had hypertension alone, and in those having DM and/or CAD. Information on the cause of death was obtained from the relatives of the patients by follow-up phone calls., Results: There were 1,171 patients (44%) with isolated hypertension, 631 (23.7%) with DM, 530 (19.9%) with CAD, and 332 (12.5%) with both DM and CAD. The presence of either DM or CAD was associated with significant increases in the incidences of all endpoints. The occurrences of primary and secondary endpoints, cardiovascular death, and all death were similar in hypertensive patients who had DM without CAD and in patients who had CAD without DM. In survival analysis, the incidence of cardiovascular death was lowest (5.7%) in hypertensive patients without DM and CAD, and highest (18.4%) in hypertensive patients with DM and CAD. The cumulative survival rates were similar in hypertensive patients with either DM or CAD alone (p>0.05)., Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the level of cardiovascular risk associated with DM was equal to the risk associated with CAD in hypertensive patients and that the coexistence of DM and CAD in these patients increases the risk geometrically.
- Published
- 2009
29. Celiac disease in an adult Turkish population with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Aygun C, Uraz S, Damci T, Osar Z, Yumuk V, Akdenizli E, and Ilkova H
- Subjects
- Adult, Body Mass Index, Celiac Disease complications, Celiac Disease diagnosis, Connective Tissue immunology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 pathology, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin A blood, Male, Prevalence, Severity of Illness Index, Turkey epidemiology, Celiac Disease epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications
- Abstract
Celiac disease is a frequent cause of morbidity among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. In this study our objective was to determine the prevalance of celiac diasease in a Turkish adult population with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Patients included 122 type 1 diabetes cases from adult diabetes clinic. Total IgA and IgA-antiendomysial antibody (AEA) assays were performed. Patients positive for IgA-AEA were asked to undergo small intestinal biopsy. Of the 122 patients, none was IgA deficient and 3 had positive IgA-AEA results (2.45%). All three of these patients had biopsies diagnostic of celiac disease. The body mass index (BMI) values of patients with positive AEA were significantly lower than normal (P = 0.024). Among the gastrointestinal complaints there was an association between early satiety and AEA positivity (P = 0.02). None of the other gastrointestinal complaints or age, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin values, or insulin doses used were found to be related to AEA positivity. Celiac disease has a high prevalence among Turkish paients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Screening for IgA-AEA during routine investigations of type 1 diabetic patients is important to prevent celiac-associated symptoms.
- Published
- 2005
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30. Which patients have the highest cardiovascular risk? A follow-up study from Turkey.
- Author
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Tokgözoğlu L, Pehlivanoğlu S, Kültürsay H, Oğuz A, Damci T, Senocak M, and Yusuf M
- Subjects
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors therapeutic use, Cardiovascular Diseases therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction epidemiology, Myocardial Infarction etiology, Myocardial Revascularization, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Stroke epidemiology, Stroke etiology, Turkey, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality
- Abstract
Background: Recent guidelines target individuals at highest risk as a priority. However, implementation of guidelines even in this group is sub-optimal., Design: A multicenter, observational follow-up study., Methods: A total of 5600 consecutive patients > or =55 year with high risk of vascular events were evaluated for risk factors and medication usage and followed for 1 year for primary end-points (death, myocardial infarction, stroke), and secondary end-points (revascularization, hospitalization)., Results: The patients were divided into two groups: those without and with vascular disease. In the first group, mortality at 1 year was significantly higher in those with end organ damage (5.8 versus 2.7%, P=0.005). Similarly, the mortality in patients with known vascular disease (CAD, peripheral vascular disease, ischaemic stroke) was higher in the presence of a previous vascular event (7.8 versus 5.3%, P=0.055, vascular event: non-fatal MI/stroke). The use of antiplatelets, statins, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors was low and did not improve in the follow-up period. The most important predictors of cardiovascular mortality were the presence of end organ damage [odds ratio (OR) 1.65, P=0.001], pre-existing vascular disease (OR 1.49, P=0.023) and protectively, the consistent use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (OR 0.49, P=0.001)., Conclusion: In a high-risk Turkish population, the early mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular events was unacceptably high and medical treatment inadequate. The presence of end organ damage and a previous vascular event increased the risk even further and should be vigorously questioned. Aggressive lifestyle modification and medical therapy should be instituted in these patients.
- Published
- 2005
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31. Nicotinamide effects oxidative burst activity of neutrophils in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Osar Z, Samanci T, Demirel GY, Damci T, and Ilkova H
- Subjects
- Blood Glucose drug effects, Blood Glucose metabolism, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Neutrophils drug effects, Phagocytosis drug effects, Reference Values, Respiratory Burst physiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Neutrophils physiology, Niacinamide pharmacology, Respiratory Burst drug effects
- Abstract
Neutrophil functions are impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus. Bacterial phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity are reduced at high glucose concentrations in diabetic patients. Defects in neutrophil oxidative burst capacity are of multifactorial origin in diabetes mellitus and correlate with glucose levels. It has been reported that neutrophil NADPH oxidase activity is impaired and superoxide production is reduced in diabetic patients with or without any infections. Nicotinamide is a vitamin B3 derivative and a NAD precursor with immunomodulatory effects. In vitro studies demonstrated that nicotinamide increases NAD and NADH content of beta cells. The authors hypothesized that nicotinamide may restore the impaired oxidative burst capacity of neutrophils in diabetic patients by increasing the NADH content as an electron donor and possibly through NADPH oxidase activity of the cell. In order to test the hypothesis, this placebo-controlled and open study was designed to evaluate neutrophil functions in infection-free poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients as compared to healthy subjects and assess the effects of nicotinamide on neutrophil phagocytosis as well as oxidative burst activity. Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. Sixteen were females and 14 were males, with a mean age 58 +/- 10. All patients were on sulphonylurea treatment and their hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) levels were above 7.5%. The control group consisted of 10 voluntary healthy subjects. Diabetic and control subjects were not significantly different in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), leucocyte and neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), but HbA(1c) and fasting glucose levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus. Phagocytic activity and respiratory burst indexes were measured by flow cytometric analyses as previously described by Rothe and Valet (Methods Enzyml., 233, 539-548, 1994) and compared in diabetic subjects and healthy controls. Diabetic patients were grouped to receive either 50 mg/kg oral nicotinamide (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) for a period of 1 month. The 2 groups did not differ in terms of treatment, frequency of hypertension, BMI, diabetes duration, age, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA(1c), CRP, ESR, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PNL) and neutrophil counts. Neutrophil functions were reassessed after the treatment period. Phagocytic activity represented as indexes were lower in diabetic patients when compared to healthy subjects, but the differences were not statistically significant (P >.05). Patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly lower oxidative burst indexes when compared to healthy controls (P values <.05). In diabetic patients, a negative correlation between neutrophil functions and HbA(1c) was found which was not statistically significant (P values >.05). Phagocytic indexes were similar in nicotinamide and placebo groups after treatment period (P >.05). But oxidative burst activity in patients receiving nicotinamide was greater when compared with placebo and the difference was statistically significant at 30 and 45 minutes (P values.04 and.03). This effect of nicotinamide may be due to increased NADH content and NADPH oxidase activity of the cell, which needs to be further studied. Impaired neutrophil functions may aggravate various infections in patients with diabetes mellitus and blood glucose regulation is an important target of treatment to improve neutrophil functions. But nicotinamide treatment may help to improve prognosis in diabetic patients with severe infections.
- Published
- 2004
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32. Fenofibrate treatment is associated with better glycemic control and lower serum leptin and insulin levels in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia.
- Author
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Damci T, Tatliagac S, Osar Z, and Ilkova H
- Abstract
Background: Hertriglyceridemia is commonly encountered in type 2 diabetic patients. Fibrates are a group of drugs that efficiently decrease triglycerides, increase HDL, and improve the prognosis in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. However, the effects of fibrates on glycemic control, blood pressure, fasting serum insulin, and leptin concentrations are not clear. The present study addresses the question of whether fenofibrate treatment in hypertriglyceridemic type 2 diabetic patients leads to changes in metabolic control, body mass index, leptin, free fatty acids, plasma insulin, and blood pressure. Methods: Thirty-one type 2 diabetic patients who had serum triglyceride levels between 250 and 400 mg/dl were included in the study. They were given 250 mg/day fenofibrate once daily for 3 months. Antidiabetic and antihypertensive treatments were kept unchanged throughout the study. Results: Fenofibrate treatment resulted in better glycemic control, as evidenced by lower fasting and postprandial blood glucose and HbAlc, decreased fasting serum insulin and leptin levels, as well as a reduction in hypertrigyceridemia and serum free fatty acids, and an increase in HDL cholesterol. Blood pressure, body mass index, and LDL remained unchanged. Fenofibrate was well tolerated in all patients. Conclusion: Fenofibrate treatment in hypertriglyceridemic type 2 diabetic patients is beneficial not only in terms of lipid profile, but also for glycemic control and insulin resistance.
- Published
- 2003
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33. Higher blood pressure in normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetic patients with a familial history of type 2 diabetes.
- Author
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Damci T, Osar Z, and Ilkova H
- Subjects
- Adult, Albuminuria, Blood Glucose metabolism, Body Constitution, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 urine, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Diastole physiology, Family, Female, Humans, Lipoproteins, VLDL blood, Male, Reference Values, Systole physiology, Triglycerides blood, Blood Pressure physiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 physiopathology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: To address whether type 1 diabetic patients with type 2 diabetic first degree relatives are different from others in terms of cardiovascular risk factors, insulin resistance and daily insulin dosage., Methods: We studied 18 type 1 diabetic patients with type 2 diabetic first degree relatives and 36 type 1 diabetic patients without such relatives. Patients with diabetic complications (including microalbuminuria) were excluded. The groups were similar in terms of baseline characteristics. We measured systolic and diastolic blood pressures, body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, HDL, daily insulin dosage and insulin sensitivity. Insulin sensitivity was tested using insulin tolerance test., Results: Type 1 diabetic patients having first degree relatives with type 2 diabetes had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (although within the normal range) than others (p < 0.001). They were more insulin resistant according to insulin tolerance test and were using higher daily insulin dosages. In this group, waist circumference, triglyceride and VLDL levels also tended to be higher, but differences were not significant statistically. Total cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels were similar in both groups., Conclusion: Family history of type 2 diabetes increases blood pressure and decreases insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetic patients. Thus such patients should be treated more aggressively in terms of both cardiovascular risk factors and glucose control.
- Published
- 2002
34. The role of coping with disease in adherence to treatment regimen and disease control in type 1 and insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Turan B, Osar Z, Molzan Turan J, Damci T, and Ilkova H
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attitude to Health, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 physiopathology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Diabetic Retinopathy epidemiology, Diet, Diabetic, Female, Hospitals, University, Humans, Insulin therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatient Clinics, Hospital, Surveys and Questionnaires, Turkey, Adaptation, Psychological, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 psychology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 psychology, Patient Compliance
- Abstract
Background: Coping is defined as the behavioral and cognitive efforts used in an attempt to deal with stressful events. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between coping with diabetes and the following outcome variables in type 1 and insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus: glycemic control, microangiopathic complications, adherence to self monitoring of blood glucose, adherence to insulin injections, and adherence to diet., Methods: Subjects were 196 insulin treated adult diabetes patients visiting an outpatient clinic at a government university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. Coping with disease was measured with the Turkish version of the Diabetes Coping Measure and adherence to treatment regimen was measured with a questionnaire adapted from the subscales of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire. Data on patients' HbA(1c) levels and severity of microangiopathic complications were obtained from their medical records., Results: Partial correlations controlling for background variables suggested that coping was a good predictor of outcome for both type 1 and insulin treated type 2 diabetes mellitus. These associations were more pronounced for type 1 patients when compared to type 2 patients. Regressing the outcome variables on the two second-order coping factors (obtained by a factor analysis) also supported the hypothesis that coping is an important construct in explaining the outcome variables. Finally, the effect of coping on HbA(1c) was only partially mediated by adherence., Conclusion: Coping with diabetes-related issues is an important factor in both types of diabetes, with type 1 patients showing slightly stronger associations. Therefore, training and education programs for diabetic adults might benefit from including a component that is aimed at improving coping with issues specific to diabetes.
- Published
- 2002
35. How important are the disturbances of lower gastrointestinal bowel habits in diabetic outpatients?
- Author
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Celik AF, Oşar Z, Damci T, Pamuk ON, Pamuk GE, and Ilkova H
- Subjects
- Constipation etiology, Diarrhea etiology, Fecal Incontinence etiology, Female, Flatulence etiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Constipation epidemiology, Diabetes Complications, Diarrhea epidemiology, Fecal Incontinence epidemiology, Flatulence epidemiology
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Safety and efficacy of [Lys(B28), Pro(B29)]-human insulin in patients with diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Akalin S, Erbas T, Yilmaz MT, Ilkova H, Satman I, Ersanli Z, Karsidag K, Damci T, and Bagriacik N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus blood, Fasting, Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism, Humans, Insulin therapeutic use, Insulin Lispro, Insulin, Isophane therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, Treatment Outcome, Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus psychology, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Insulin analogs & derivatives, Quality of Life
- Abstract
The primary objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy and safety of Lys(B28), Pro(B29) in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus and to compare Lys(B28), Pro(B29) to currently available regular insulin with respect to quality of life. This study was designed as an open-label, non-comparative one. The number of patients enrolled in the trial was 39. At Visit 1 (week 0), blood samples for fasting, 1- and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1c were taken. At Visit 2 (week 6) and Visit 3 (week 12), fasting, 1- and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1c levels were measured again. There was no significant change in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose and 1- and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels. The 1- and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose excursions decreased significantly from Visit 1 to Visit 3. There were no serious adverse events during the study. Half of the patients had less hypoglycemia with LysPro insulin, while 25% had an increase in episodes. Thirty percent of patients were more satisfied with LysPro insulin than with the short-acting insulin that they had previously used. In conclusion, LysPro therapy can be regarded as safe, since there were no unexpected adverse events and no changes in the usual physical parameters.
- Published
- 1997
37. Lipid metabolism alterations in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus associated fetal macrosomia.
- Author
-
Ersanli ZO, Damci T, Sen C, Hacibekiroglu M, Görpe U, Ozyazar M, Ilkova H, and Bagriacik N
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Fetal Macrosomia etiology, Fetal Macrosomia pathology, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Diabetics complications, Birth Weight physiology, Fetal Macrosomia metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Pregnancy in Diabetics metabolism
- Abstract
Fetal macrosomia is commonly associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) which may lead to various complications. It has been suggested that some other metabolites apart from maternal hyperglycemia are responsible for the genesis of macrosomia. Lipid metabolism changes in GDM patients having macrosomic fetuses were studied. A lipid tolerance test (10% Lipovenous solution) was performed in 14 GDM. Pre- and post-infusion plasma lipid levels and their elimination rates were measured and compared to the ones of 8 non diabetic control pregnant women. HbA1c, basal glucose and triglyceride levels were found to be higher in GDM group and significantly higher levels of triglycerides persisted throughout the infusion. FFA, glycerol and phospholipid levels increased following infusion in both groups without significant differences. Glucose, C-peptide and insulin levels remained unchanged after the infusion. Increased basal triglycerides with slowed triglyceride metabolism may be responsible for the fetal macrosomia in mild GDM patients whose fasting blood glucose are below 105 mg/dl. A better metabolic control that provides plasma lipid regulation as well as glucose control may forestall the occurrence of fetal macrosomia.
- Published
- 1997
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