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272 results on '"Dall'Aglio C"'

28. Ovarian hormones and fasting differentially regulate pituitary receptors for estrogens and gonadotropin releasing hormone in the rabbit female

Author

Parillo, F., Zerani, M, Maranesi, M., Dall'Aglio, C., Brecchia, G., Boiti, C., González Mariscal, G., GALEATI, GIOVANNA, Parillo, F., Zerani, M, Maranesi, M., Dall'Aglio, C., Galeati, G., Brecchia, G., Boiti, C., and González-Mariscal, G.

Subjects
LH, Histology, fasting, Ovariectomy, rabbit, Gene Expression, pituitary, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, estradiol receptor, Pituitary Gland, Anterior, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Instrumentation, Animal, GnRH receptor, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Estrogens, Estrogen, body regions, Medical Laboratory Technology, Pituitary Gland, Female, Rabbits, Anatomy, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Receptors, LHRH
Abstract

To investigate the mechanisms by which caloric restriction affects reproductive function in female rabbits, we measured, in animals intact or ovariectomized (OVX) estrogen-primed and fed ad libitum or fasted for 48 h, the adenohypophysial expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ESR1) and gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) and the dynamic secretion of LH following GnRH stimulation. Fasting increased the number of GnRHR-immunoreactive (-IR) cells in intact animals, whereas reduced the density of ESR1-IR cells in OVX rabbits. Estrogen priming decreased the number of ESR1-IR cells in fasted and OVX animals. Ovariectomy increased the number of ESR1-IR cells in fed rabbits, but caused an opposite effect in both fed and fasted animals treated with estrogen. Fasting down regulated the mRNA levels for ESR1 and GnRHR. Estrogen-priming reduced the abundance for ESR1 mRNA in both fed and fasted rabbits, and that for GnRHR in fasted rabbits. Ovariectomy halved ESR1 mRNA levels independently of treatment and feeding condition, whereas increased (P 001) that for GnRHR in estrogen-primed rabbits. In all rabbits, an LH surge occurred 30 min after GnRH injection but the lowest levels were found in intact fasted rabbits and the highest in fasted, estrogen-primed animals. The LH profile was similar in intact and OVX rabbits and neither fasting nor estrogen priming modified it. In conclusion, fasting differentially modifies the ESR1 and GnRHR expression in the pituitary, depending on the presence of gonadal hormones, indicating complex interactions between metabolic signals and ovarian steroids.

Published
2014

33. Horse adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells constitutively produce membrane vesicles: A morphological study

Author

Pascucci, L., Dall’Aglio, C., Bazzucchi, C., Mercati, F., Mancini, M.G., Pessina, A., Alessandri, G., Giammarioli, M., Dante, S., Brunati, G., and Ceccarelli, P.

Subjects
Organelles, Microcirculation, Multipotent Stem Cells, Stem Cells, Cell Membrane, Cell Culture Techniques, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Microparticles, Regenerative Medicine, Membrane vesicles, Microvesicles, Exosomes, Microparticles, Horse mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, Exosomes, Horse mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, Membrane vesicles, Microscopy, Electron, Adipose Tissue, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, 5 - Ciencias puras y naturales::57 - Biología::576 - Biología celular y subcelular. Citología [CDU], Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Animals, Regeneration, Horses, Microvesicles
Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent somatic cells that can differentiate into a variety of mature cell types. Over recent years, their biological in vitro and in vivo properties have elicited great expectations in the field of regenerative medicine, immunotherapy and tumour treatment. An increasing number of experimental observations suggest that their biological effects are probably related to a paracrine mechanism via the release of trophic factors and cytokines as well as through the production of membrane vesicles (MVs). These are nanometric membrane-bound structures, comprising shedding vesicles (SV) and exosomes (Ex), that enclose and transfer signalling molecules to target cells. We hypothesized that MVs may be implicated in the biological effects of MSCs from horse adipose tissue (EAdMSCs), a type of MSC that has been extensively studied in recent years for its remarkable efficacy in tissue regeneration. By means of electron microscopy, we ascertained, for the first time, that equine adipose-derived MSCs constitutively produce MVs (E-AdMSCs). The analysis of MVs separated by ultracentrifugation allowed us to describe their general morphological features. Through the examination of cell monolayers by TEM, additionally, we distinguished the different pathways of SV and Ex formation, demonstrating that both fractions are produced by E-AdMSC. The accurate description of MV heterogeneous morphological characteristics led us to emphasize the possible implications of the relationship between different morphologies versus different functions. The data presented in this paper has an additional value, as they can be noteworthy for horses as well as for other mammalian species, including humans.

Published
2015

41. The presence and distribution of cannabinoid type 1 and 2 receptors in the mandibular gland: The influence of different physical forms of diets on their expression in piglets.

Author

Pirino, C., Cappai, M. G., Maranesi, M., Tomassoni, D., Giontella, A., Pinna, W., Boiti, C., Kamphues, J., and Dall'Aglio, C.

Subjects
SWINE nutrition, CANNABINOID receptors, GENE expression, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, PIGLETS
Abstract

Summary: We explored the expression and cell type distribution of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptors type 2 (CB2) in the mandibular glands of pigs in relation to different physical forms of the diet. Thirty‐two crossbred growing pigs (ages 5–6 weeks) were randomly allotted to four experimental groups (eight pigs/group) and fed four different physical types of the same diet for 4 weeks: finely ground pellet (FP), coarsely ground meal (CM), coarsely ground pellet (CP) and coarsely ground extruded (CE) with dMEAN of 0.46, 0.88, 0.84 and 0.66 mm respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, the pigs were euthanized and the mandibular gland was collected after dissection. By immunohistochemistry, positive signals for CB1 were found in the cytoplasm of duct epithelial cells of pigs fed CP, FP and CE diets and in the serous cells of mixed acini in pigs fed the coarser CM diet. Positive signals for CB2 were detected in duct epithelial cells and in neurons of ganglia close to major secretory ducts of all pigs. The differential expression and localization of these receptors in response to variable chewing activity due to the type of diet suggest that endocannabinoids may influence the functional activity of the mandibular gland by modifying qualitative and/or quantitative aspects of salivary secretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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