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Purpose: To investigate whether polymorphisms of cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)6, IL10, and IL1ra genes are associated with the risk of peri-implantitis susceptibility in patients with dental implants in the Serbian population. Materials and Methods: Isolated DNA from the blood was used for IL10-1082, TNFα-308, IL6-174, CD14-159, and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1ra) genotyping using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methodology. Clinical parameters included: peri-implant pocket depth (PPD), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and radiologic bone loss. Results: The study included 98 patients with dental implants in function for at least 1 year, divided into peri-implantitis (34) and healthy peri-implant tissue (64) groups. The percentage distribution of smokers was significantly different between patients who developed periimplantitis and patients with healthy peri-implant tissue (71% vs 42%, respectively) and associated with increased peri-implantitis risk (OR: 3.289, 95% CI: 1.352 to 8.001; P = .007). A positive history of periodontitis was more frequent in the peri-implantitis group (62%) than in the healthy peri-implant tissue (20%) group and associated with increased peri-implantitis risk (OR: 6.337, 95% CI: 2.522 to 15.927; P = .0001). Frequencies of CD14-159, TNFα-308, IL10-1082, and IL6-174 genotypes were significantly different between patients with and without peri-implantitis. However, logistic regression revealed only TNFα-308 polymorphic GA/AA genotypes (OR: 8.890, 95% CI: 2.15 to 36.7; P = .003) and smoking (OR: 6.2, 95% CI: 1.44 to 26.7; P = .014) as independent factors associated with increased peri-implantitis risk, while CD14-159 polymorphic CT/TT genotypes were associated with decreased risk for peri-implantitis (OR: 0.059, 95% CI: 0.009 to 0.355; P = .002). Conclusion: The findings suggest that smoking and the presence of TNFα-308 GA/AA genotypes may increase the risk for peri-implantitis, while CD14-159 polymorphic CT/TT genotypes decrease the risk. The results also indicate significant association of CD14-159, TNFα-308, and IL6-174 genotypes and clinical parameters in the Serbian population. However, future studies in larger patient groups are necessary to confirm these observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of intraoral thermoformed splint with a magnet device over a period of 3 months, that is, to assess acceptability of this method of treatment using both objective and self-reported measures.Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a prospective clinical pilot trial. 22 patients with xerostomia and hyposalivation were included. Xerostomia was assessed using a 4-question xerostomia questionnaire score and a test for unstimulated salivary flow rates. Evaluations were performed before the treatment and 3 months after the treatment using a thermoformed splint with a magnet device.Results: There was a significant reduction in subjective symptoms after using a thermoformed splint with a magnet device for 3 months. For all 4 scored items, there was a statistically significant difference (P < .001) in median VAS scores before and 3 months after treatment. There was also a statistically significant difference in USFR before (0,15 ± 0,04 ml/min) and after treatment (0,24 ± 0,03 mL/min).Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the use of this device alleviated oral dryness and stimulated the function of the submandibular salivary gland. An intraoral thermoformed splint with a magnet device is safe, physiologically indifferent, useful, and effective in treating xerostomia and hyposalivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The grey‐bluish discoloration of gingiva (known as "amalgam tattoo") does not appear only in the presence of amalgam restorations. It may also be seen in cases of teeth restored with cast dowels and porcelain‐fused‐to‐metal (PFM) restorations. The aim of this article was to determine the clinical characteristics of abutment teeth with gingival discoloration. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted on 25 patients referred for cast dowel and PFM restorations. These restorations were manufactured from Ni‐Cr alloys. Ninety days after cementing the fixed prosthodontic restorations, the abutment teeth (n = 61) were divided into a group with gingival discoloration (GD) (n = 25) and without gingival discoloration (NGD) (n = 36). The control group (CG) comprised the contralateral teeth (n = 61). Plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, and probing depth were assessed before fabrication and also 90 days after cementation of the PFM restorations. Results: The gingival index, clinical attachment level, and probing depths of the abutment teeth that had GD were statistically higher before restoration, in comparison with the abutment teeth in the NGD and control groups. Ninety days after cementation, the abutment teeth with GD had significantly lower gingival indexes and probing depths, compared to the abutment teeth in the NGD group. Both abutment teeth groups (GD and NGD) had significantly higher values of clinical attachment levels when compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in plaque index values between the study groups. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that impairment of periodontal status of abutment teeth seemed to be related to the presence of gingival discolorations. Therefore, fabrication of fixed prosthodontic restorations requires careful planning and abutment teeth preparation to minimize the occurrence of gingival discolorations. Clinical relevance: With careful preparation of abutment teeth for cast dowels and crown restorations it may be possible to decrease the frequency of gingival discolorations adjacent to abutment teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report presents a case of a psychiatric patient with scurvy. Upon the clinical examination of the oral cavity, dry and pale lips were noted. Gingiva was highly edematous, soft, purple blue with ulcerated margins. Bleeding was noted upon slightest provocation. Teeth were also affected by the vitamin C deficiency with multiple caries. The patient was asthenic and adynamic. Petechial bleeding and hematomas were present on the skin of extremities. Therapy consisted of rehydration and vitamin C compensation - 2 g daily i.v. during 10 days period, and 1.5 g daily orally during the following 2 months. The patient maintained only partial plaque control, and complete recovery of the oral cavity was not established because the patient didn't comply. Concerning that scurvy is a rare disease nowadays, it is very important to recognize its clinical signs, and to establish a valid and prompt diagnosis, because, when untreated, scurvy can have severe consequences on the entire organism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]