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14. Vitamin B12in Marine Ecology

Author

DAISLEY, K. W.

Abstract

IN the accompanying communication, Droop gives a calculation to demonstrate that vitamin B12is present in the sea in amounts more than sufficient for the known plankton crops. It might be inferred from it that vitamin B12is not a factor which influences the amounts and types of life present in the sea. There probably are, however, several modifying circumstances of which Droop, because of the incompleteness of available information, could take no account. His calculations are based on determinations of the maximum yield of organisms obtainable per unit amount of vitamin in laboratory pure culture ; but it is the influence of the vitamin on the rate of growth, not on the final yield, which will be more relevant to marine ecology. In a natural environment a concentration of vitamin B12(or indeed of any other nutrient) sufficient to support considerable cell-division may nevertheless be a limiting concentration, if the rate of cell-division so supported is only sufficient to compensate for the losses of cells due to other factors such as predation, sinking and the like.

Published
1957
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15. Hippocampal formation glucose metabolism and volume losses in MCI and AD.

Author

De Santi S, de Leon MJ, Rusinek H, Convit A, Tarshish CY, Roche A, Tsui WH, Kandil E, Boppana M, Daisley K, Wang GJ, Schlyer D, and Fowler J

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease diagnostic imaging, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Atrophy, Cognition Disorders diagnostic imaging, Cognition Disorders metabolism, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Alzheimer Disease pathology, Cognition Disorders pathology, Glucose metabolism, Hippocampus metabolism, Hippocampus pathology
Abstract

We used MRI volume sampling with coregistered and atrophy corrected FDG-PET scans to test three hypotheses: 1) hippocampal formation measures are superior to temporal neocortical measures in the discrimination of normal (NL) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI); 2) neocortical measures are most useful in the separation of Alzheimer disease (AD) from NL or MCI; 3) measures of PET glucose metabolism (MRglu) have greater diagnostic sensitivity than MRI volume. Three groups of age, education, and gender matched NL, MCI, and AD subjects were studied. The results supported the hypotheses: 1) entorhinal cortex MRglu and hippocampal volume were most accurate in classifying NL and MCI; 2) both imaging modalities identified the temporal neocortex as best separating MCI and AD, whereas widespread changes accurately classified NL and AD; 3) In most between group comparisons regional MRglu measures were diagnostically superior to volume measures. These cross-sectional data show that in MCI hippocampal formation changes exist without significant neocortical changes. Neocortical changes best characterize AD. In both MCI and AD, metabolism reductions exceed volume losses.

Published
2001
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17. Toileting patients: lifting aid.

Author

Kimbro CD, Kirby NA, Daisley K, and Palmer JB

Subjects
Humans, Equipment and Supplies, Hospital, Nursing Care, Toilet Facilities
Published
1989

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