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UNLABELLED: Gastrointestinal diseases are the most frequently reported clinical problems in captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), often affecting the health and welfare of the animal and ultimately their use as a research subject. The microbiome has been shown to be intimately connected to diet and gastrointestinal health. Here, we use shotgun metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics in fecal samples of common marmosets collected before, during, and after a dietary transition from a biscuit to a gel diet. The overall health of marmosets, measured as weight recovery and reproductive outcome, improved after the diet transition. Moreover, each marmoset pair had significant shifts in the microbiome and metabolome after the diet transition. In general, we saw a decrease in Escherichia coli and Prevotella species and an increase in Bifidobacterium species. Untargeted metabolic profiles indicated that polyamine levels, specifically cadaverine and putrescine, were high after diet transition, suggesting either an increase in excretion or a decrease in intestinal reabsorption at the intestinal level. In conclusion, our data suggest that Bifidobacterium species could potentially be useful as probiotic supplements to the laboratory marmoset diet. Future studies with a larger sample size will be beneficial to show that this is consistent with the diet change. IMPORTANCE: Appropriate diet and health of the common marmoset in captivity are essential both for the welfare of the animal and to improve experimental outcomes. Our study shows that a gel diet compared to a biscuit diet improves the health of a marmoset colony, is linked to increases in Bifidobacterium species, and increases the removal of molecules associated with disease. The diet transition had an influence on the molecular changes at both the pair and time point group levels, but only at the pair level for the microbial changes. It appears to be more important which genes and functions present changed rather than specific microbes. Further studies are needed to identify specific components that should be considered when choosing an appropriate diet and additional supplementary foods, as well as to validate the benefits of providing probiotics. Probiotics containing Bifidobacterium species appear to be useful as probiotic supplements to the laboratory marmoset diet, but additional work is needed to validate these findings.

Abstract : The implementation of modern technologies, including tools and platforms, plays a crucial role in prompting education quality but does not necessarily guarantee equal opportunities in education as it is tightly linked to students’ previous experience in using technological tools to navigate online. In this regard, this study aims at identifying what elements of equal and quality education stakeholders need to cater for and at reflecting on what students need to learn to carry on a technology based language teaching and learning. To reach these aims, we analysed the data collected through a questionnaire administered first year students at the Departments of English and French at Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University to see if there are differences in students previous experiences in using the technological tools and learning platforms. The results show that students do not have similar experiences in using technological devices to navigate through platforms and therefore equity is not ensured. Therefore, to carry on a technology based teaching and learning, students need to receive some training to learn how to use the available platforms. Keywords : Technology, Platforms , Previous Experiences, Quality, Equity.

Résumé: La communication entre les principaux acteurs du département des Lettres et de langue françaises est incontournable et indispensable pour la continuité et la réussite du processus d’enseignement-apprentissage. Toutefois, pour ce faire, force est de constater que l’utilisation du réseau social Facebook est devenue inévitable, malgré les divers canaux officiels de communication mis en disposition par la tutelle. À travers cet article, basé sur une enquête de terrain, nous allons tenter de montrer les réelles raisons de l’abandon des plateformes universitaires officielles de communication au profit de Facebook, à savoir la formation requise pour la manipulation des premières et facultative pour le dernier. Nous mettons aussi en lumière les limites inhérentes à l’usage de ce réseau social ainsi que l'initiative de la numérisation du système de communication de l'université. Mots-clés:Communication, étudiants, enseignant, Facebook, plateforme

Abstract The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine gland that plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining pregnancy. Although autophagy and apoptosis have been suggested as cooperative mechanisms, their interaction within the CL of pregnant mammals has not been thoroughly investigated. To understand the collaborative function of autophagy and apoptosis in the CL, we analyzed both mechanisms during pregnancy in the South American plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus. This rodent undergoes a decline in progesterone levels during mid-gestation, a reactivation of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-gonadal axis, and the incorporation of new functional secondary CL. Our analysis of autophagy markers BECLIN 1 (BECN1), SEQUESTOSOME1 (SQSTM1), Microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3B), and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and anti- and pro-apoptotic markers BCL2 and ACTIVE CASPASE 3 (A-C3) revealed interactive behaviors between both processes. Healthy primary and secondary CL exhibited positive expression of BECN1, SQSTM1, LC3B, and LAMP1, while regressed CL displayed enhanced expression of these autophagy markers along with nuclear A-C3. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a significant formation of autophagic vesicles in regressed CL during full-term pregnancy, whereas healthy CL exhibited a low number of autophagy vesicles. The co-localization between LC3B and SQSTM1 and LC3B with LAMP1 was observed in both healthy and regressed CL during pregnancy, while co-localization of BECN1 and BCL2 was only detected in healthy CL. LC3B and ACTIVE CASPASE 3 co-localization were detected in a subset of luteal cells within the regressing CL. We propose that autophagy could act as a survival mechanism in the CL, allowing the pregnancy to progress until full-term, while also serving as a mechanism to eliminate remnants of regressed CL, thereby providing the necessary space for subsequent follicular maturation.

ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal diseases are the most frequently reported clinical problems in captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), often affecting the health and welfare of the animal and ultimately their use as a research subject. The microbiome has been shown to be intimately connected to diet and gastrointestinal health. Here, we use shotgun metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics in fecal samples of common marmosets collected before, during, and after a dietary transition from a biscuit to a gel diet. The overall health of marmosets, measured as weight recovery and reproductive outcome, improved after the diet transition. Moreover, each marmoset pair had significant shifts in the microbiome and metabolome after the diet transition. In general, we saw a decrease in Escherichia coli and Prevotella species and an increase in Bifidobacterium species. Untargeted metabolic profiles indicated that polyamine levels, specifically cadaverine and putrescine, were high after diet transition, suggesting either an increase in excretion or a decrease in intestinal reabsorption at the intestinal level. In conclusion, our data suggest that Bifidobacterium species could potentially be useful as probiotic supplements to the laboratory marmoset diet. Future studies with a larger sample size will be beneficial to show that this is consistent with the diet change.IMPORTANCEAppropriate diet and health of the common marmoset in captivity are essential both for the welfare of the animal and to improve experimental outcomes. Our study shows that a gel diet compared to a biscuit diet improves the health of a marmoset colony, is linked to increases in Bifidobacterium species, and increases the removal of molecules associated with disease. The diet transition had an influence on the molecular changes at both the pair and time point group levels, but only at the pair level for the microbial changes. It appears to be more important which genes and functions present changed rather than specific microbes. Further studies are needed to identify specific components that should be considered when choosing an appropriate diet and additional supplementary foods, as well as to validate the benefits of providing probiotics. Probiotics containing Bifidobacterium species appear to be useful as probiotic supplements to the laboratory marmoset diet, but additional work is needed to validate these findings.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is an American emerging disease caused by the rodent-borne virus genus Orthohantavirus (Family: Hantaviridae: Order: Elliovirales Class: Bunyaviricetes). In Argentina, almost half of the HPS infections occur in the northwestern endemic region. In this study, we monitored rodent abundance during 2022 and 2023 in three sites with different sampling methods (removal trapping, live trapping and hunted rodents by domestic cats) to evaluate their relationship with human infections. We found a similar pattern of variation in rodent abundance across time, and particularly a synchronous rise of rodent abundance that anticipated an HPS outbreak in 2023. Our dynamic regression models revealed a positive relationship between HPS cases and rodent abundance with a three-month lag, as well as rainfall with an eight-month lag. Our results provide a framework for the planning and implementation of public health prevention campaigns based on climatology and rodent monitoring. Domestic cats bringing rodents into houses can be an overlooked risk factor, particularly if viral shedding of infected rodents is magnified by stress. HPS is a disease of public health concern due to its high mortality rate, the lack of a specific therapeutic treatment and no vaccine. Thus, prevention of infections is of the utmost importance.

ABSTRACT: Objectives: To determine genomic characteristics and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from medical centres of Mexico using whole genome sequencing data analysed with the EPISEQⓇ CS application and other bioinformatic platforms. Methods: Clinical isolates collected from 28 centres in Mexico included carbapenem-non-susceptible K. pneumoniae (n = 22), E. coli (n = 24), A. baumannii (n = 16), and P. aeruginosa (n = 13). Isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing using the Illumina (MiSeq) platform. FASTQ files were uploaded to the EPISEQⓇ CS application for analysis. Additionally, the tools Kleborate v2.0.4 and Pathogenwatch were used as comparators for Klebsiella genomes, and the bacterial whole genome sequence typing database was used for E. coli and A. baumannii. Results: For K. pneumoniae, both bioinformatic approaches detected multiple genes encoding aminoglycoside, quinolone, and phenicol resistance, and the presence of blaNDM-1 explained carbapenem non-susceptibility in 18 strains and blaKPC-3 in four strains. Regarding E. coli, both EPISEQⓇ CS and bacterial whole genome sequence typing database analyses detected multiple virulence and resistance genes: 20 of 24 (83.3%) strains carried blaNDM, 3 of 24 (12.4%) carried blaOXA-232, and 1 carried blaOXA-181. Genes that confer resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, phenicols, trimethoprim, and macrolides were also detected by both platforms. Regarding A. baumannii, the most frequent carbapenemase-encoding gene detected by both platforms was blaOXA-72, followed by blaOXA-66. Both approaches detected similar genes for aminoglycosides, carbapenems, tetracyclines, phenicols, and sulfonamides. Regarding P. aeruginosa, blaVIM, blaIMP, and blaGES were the more frequently detected. Multiple virulence genes were detected in all strains. Conclusion: Compared to the other available platforms, EPISEQⓇ CS enabled a comprehensive resistance and virulence analysis, providing a reliable method for bacterial strain typing and characterization of the virulome and resistome.

Treatment intensity is an aspect of communication intervention that has received limited empirical attention. In this article, we discuss key parameters of treatment intensity related to individuals with complex communication needs who use augmentative and alternative communication. We advocate for an examination of treatment intensity along with learner and intervention characteristics that may moderate or mediate treatment intensity. In addition, we discuss the influence that contextual fit/treatment acceptability may have on intervention success. We also discuss the challenges created by a number of interacting variables that make determining optimal dosage for groups of individuals difficult. Finally, treatment intensity is briefly discussed in terms of its possible influence on maintenance and generalization.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue utilizar marcadores SSR fluorescentes para seleccionar genotipos con amplia variabilidad genética, entre introducciones de C. chinense provenientes de México, Brasil y Colombia. En la genotipificación se empleó la plataforma Applied Biosystems 3730xI (Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University) y la evaluación del tamaño de los alelos se realizó con el software GeneMapper 3.7 (Applied Biosystems). Los marcadores revelaron un total de 114 alelos con un promedio de 12 alelos por locus. El tamaño de los alelos osciló entre 91 y 341 pares de bases. El número de alelos por locus fue variable, de seis para Hpms 2-24 a 21 para Gpms -161. Las poblaciones estudiadas presentaron un índice de Shannon bajo. Las accesiones con mayor diversidad genética fue Brasil con I= 1.622, mientras las de Colombia fue la menor, con I= 0.995. Los valores medios de Ho fueron de 0.517 para Brasil, 0.317 para Colombia y 0.543 para México. Los valores medios de He fueron, en general, superiores a los observados. La tasa de He más baja se registró en accesiones colombianas (0.491), mientras la más alta en las mexicanas (0.719). El análisis de conglomerados mostró la conformación de tres grupos, diferenciados según el origen geográfico de los genotipos evaluados. Todos los cebadores mostraron bandas reproducibles, lo que demuestra su eficiencia para la cartografía genética y el etiquetado de genes en futuros estudios. El valor PIC refleja que la diversidad alélica y la frecuencia entre los genotipos fueron generalmente altas para los loci SSR probados.

Se utilizaron técnicas de mejoramiento genético convencional (premejoramiento) para selección de genotipos élite de mayor productividad y con mayor contenido de capsaicina y otros nutrientes, para recomendar a los productores sobre materiales de siembra de Capsicum chinense. En la caracterización morfológica y proximal de 45 introducciones, colectadas en Colombia, Brasil y México, se utilizaron 50 descriptores (seis para plántula, siete para hojas, ocho para flores, 17 para frutos, cuatro para semillas, ocho para rendimiento y características de calidad) entre los 62 propuestos para Capsicum. Para el ensayo en campo, se empleó un diseño en bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones, con 10 plantas por parcelas, tomando cada introducción como un tratamiento diferente. Los datos cuantitativos fueron sometidos al test de normalidad (test Shaphiro-Wilk), análisis de variación y comparación de medias (test Tukey), utilizando el paquete estadístico Statistical Analysis System (SAS) 9.01, al nivel de 5% de significancia. Para analizar la correlación simple entre las variables se ha utilizado la correlación de Pearson. También se realizó un análisis de componentes principales (ACP), con la conformación de clústeres. Para datos cualitativos, se hizo un ACMF (análisis de correspondencia múltiple factorial). Los análisis mostraron una variabilidad genética entre las introducciones de Capsicum chinense; la determinan los caracteres relacionados con la morfología de la planta, como caracteres específicos de la flor, fruto y hojas. Dicha variabilidad puede ser de utilidad para iniciar un programa de mejoramiento genético. Además, el estudio contribuye para caracterización y premejoramiento de C. chinense, como una estrategia de uso y conservación de este recurso amazónico.

Objetivo: Comprender las conductas sociales y de salud asociadas en adolescentes entre 13 y 19 años a través de la red social TikTok, en Chile en el año 2021. Metodología: Se ubica en el paradigma positivista y se enfoca mediane teoría fundamentada. Se seleccionaron 50 videos de carácter público en la plataforma social y se realizó análisis documental bajo codificación abierta. Resultados: Los y las adolescentes le dan gran importancia a su imagen corporal, destacándose el uso de filtros en todos ellos, mientras que la vestimenta presentó una tendencia según el género. Por otro lado, las expresiones manifestadas son en su mayoría positivas; los recursos sonoros utilizados para los videos son variados, siendo el más utilizado la música; el principal tipo de contenido visualizado es baile, seguido de humor; las opiniones más frecuentes fueron positivas y las conductas en salud tendieron a ser no promotoras. Conclusión: Las representaciones sociales construidas por adolescentes en TikTok están fuertemente marcadas por los estereotipos de belleza, la necesidad de la aceptación entre pares y la búsqueda de la popularidad en redes sociales. Las conductas promotoras de salud en esta red social son escasas.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) may recur in approximately 10–30% of patients, and the risk of recurrence increases with each successive recurrence, reaching up to 65%. C. difficile can form biofilm with approximately 20% of the bacterial genome expressed differently between biofilm and planktonic cells. Biofilm plays several roles that may favor recurrence; for example, it may act as a reservoir of spores, protect the vegetative cells from the activity of antibiotics, and favor the formation of persistent cells. Moreover, the expression of several virulence genes, including TcdA and TcdB toxins, has been associated with recurrence. Several systems and structures associated with adhesion and biofilm formation have been studied in C. difficile, including cell-wall proteins, quorum sensing (including LuxS and Agr), Cyclic di-GMP, type IV pili, and flagella. Most antibiotics recommended for the treatment of CDI do not have activity on spores and do not eliminate biofilm. Therapeutic failure in R-CDI has been associated with the inadequate concentration of drugs in the intestinal tract and the antibiotic resistance of a biofilm. This makes it challenging to eradicate C. difficile in the intestine, complicating antibacterial therapies and allowing non-eliminated spores to remain in the biofilm, increasing the risk of recurrence. In this review, we examine the role of biofilm on recurrence and the challenges of treating CDI when the bacteria form a biofilm.

En el presente artículo presentaremos el tema del arbitraje ambiental, analizando sus implicancias, ventajas y necesidad de regulación. En este sentido, nos referiremos a algunas experiencias de derecho comparado, y también comentaremos algunos casos reales o de ficción a través de éxitos cinematográficos. Para concluir compartiendo una experiencia innovadora impulsada por la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Buenos Aires de la mano del Centro de Derecho Ambiental, a partir de una Competencia Federal de Arbitraje Ambiental en su primera edición del año 2021.

This study investigated the effects of intensified training and tapering periods using different exercise modalities on judo athletes’ physical fitness. Fifty-nine adolescent male and female judo athletes (age 15 ± 1 years) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups or one control group (CG). Experimental groups (kumi-kata [KG], uchi-komi [UG] and running [RG]) trained four times per week over four weeks of intensified training (in addition to their usual technical-tactical judo training; CG underwent only the usual training) followed by 12 days of tapering. The countermovement jump test (CMJ), isometric and dynamic judogi chin-up tests (JCT), uchi-komi speed test (UST), Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) and Judo Physical Fitness Test (JPFT) were administered before and after the intensified period and after tapering. The CMJ performance was superior in KG compared with UG, RG and CG. Isometric JCT performance was superior in KG compared with RG and CG. Regarding UST, performance was superior in UG compared with RG and CG. The same performance was superior with respect to the same groups considering pre-training to tapering change. The SJFT index did not differ between groups or time-points. The JPFT index increased after intensified and tapering periods compared with before training, with KG eliciting higher values compared with CG. Coaches and conditioning coaches could administer kumi-kata high-intensity interval training to enhance athletes’ judo specific physical fitness

The synthesis of cupric oxide (CuO) films on cost-efficient, optical grade borosilicate-crown glass substrates (BK7) via chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP), either in pure form or with a low concentration of Al doping (below 1%), is presented and discussed. As a non-toxic p-type semiconductor, exhibiting monoclinic crystal structure and widely tuneable band gap (Eg), it is used in various applications. The optical properties, morphology and crystalline phases of CuO films are influenced by substrate temperature during thin film growth (annealing) and also by chemical doping very often introduced to modify grain boundary energy. The importance of our research subject is therefore perfectly justified and is essentially based on the fact that the potential fields of application are wide. Thus, herein we emphasize impact of the annealing stage and Al doping upon the structural, optical and electrical properties of the resulting product. Raman spectroscopy analysis confirms the presence of vibrational bands characteristic of a CuO phase, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the polycrystalline nature of the pure films. The thickness of the CuO films grown at 350 °C over three annealing intervals is proportional to the annealing time, while the crystallite phase in the films is proportional with the annealing temperature. Furthermore, XRD analysis of the Al:CuO films indicates the formation of a monoclinic-type structure (CuO phase) exhibiting a preferred orientation along the (002) plane, together with a significant grain size reduction from ~88 to ~45 nm as Al content increases. The transmittance spectra (between 400 and 800 nm) reveal a decrease in the transmittance from 48% to 15% with as the Al doping ratio increases. Additionally, the bandgap energy of the films is measured, modelled and discussed, using data from an ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. The calculated Eg is approximately 3.5 eV, which decreases with respect to the increasing annealing temperature, while the electrical resistivity varies from ~19 to ~4.6 kOhm.cm. Finally, perspectives and applications of CuO films are suggested, since the films are found to have a remarkable improvement in their structure and optical properties when doped with Al.

The two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) faces various diseases related to the respiratory and circulatory system. Thus, prior knowledge of anatomy becomes relevant since it contributes to the study and interpretation of medical images and surgical procedures. This study aims to describe the topographic and macroscopic anatomy of the heart and the respiratory system. Three animals were preserved with a supersaturated saline solution. Throughout the dissection, it was possible to identify and describe the components of the respiratory system and the heart. Some of the particularities found were the division of the frontal sinus in several sections. In addition, the presence of a large thyroid cartilage and the absence of wedge-shaped processes in the epiglottis were observed. The heart was small, although with very prominent auricles. These findings should be considered in the performance of clinical-surgical procedures and in the interpretation of medical images.

The work addresses one of the most serious health problems of the contemporary era: obesity, which seriously affects children. It causes numerous types of diseases and other affectations to physical and mental health. The objective of the article was to carry out an analysis of the influence of the promotion of physical activity to reduce the overweight of children, for which a theoretical analysis was carried out based on the consultation of specialized and updated documents. The main aspects addressed were overweight, physical inactivity and physical activity in the face of obesity problems, as well as the role played by schools and teachers in the promotion of health in the face of this serious problem. The study carried out provides a basis for future research, of an applied type, in relation to the intervention that can be carried out from the physical education class to promote healthy habits and adequate physical activity, with a view to minimizing obesity in infants.

We report a patient with bilateral medial medullary infarctions, which is a rare type of ischemic stroke. A 64-year-old Japanese man demonstrated bilateral hemiplegia, sensory dysfunction, ataxia, and dysphagia. The left-dominant but bilateral medial medulla lesions indicated hyperintensity on the T2-weighted image at 1.5 months after the onset. On the time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) performed at the onset, the right vertebral artery was partially narrowed and the left vertebral artery was not confirmed. Basi-parallel anatomical scanning-magnetic resonance imaging (BPAS-MRI) revealed that both sides of the vertebral arteries had a uniform diameter, which means there was no arterial hypoplasia nor arterial dissection. These results suggest that atherosclerosis in the bilateral vertebral artery caused occlusion of the perforator artery, resulting in the bilateral medial medullary infarctions. The combined use of TOF-MRA and BPAS-MRI could help improve the accuracy of diagnosis and be helpful for post-stroke management.

The association of the APOE4 (vs. APOE3) isoform with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unequivocal, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. A prevailing hypothesis incriminates the impaired ability of APOE4 to clear neurotoxic amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) from the brain as the main mechanism linking the apolipoprotein isoform to disease etiology. The APOE protein mediates lipid transport both within the brain and from the brain to the periphery, suggesting that lipids may be potential co-factors in APOE4-associated physiopathology. The present study reveals several changes in the pathways of lipid homeostasis in the brains of mice expressing the human APOE4 vs. APOE3 isoform. Carriers of APOE4 had altered cholesterol turnover, an imbalance in the ratio of specific classes of phospholipids, lower levels of phosphatidylethanolamines bearing polyunsaturated fatty acids and an overall elevation in levels of monounsaturated fatty acids. These modifications in lipid homeostasis were related to increased production of Aβ peptides as well as augmented levels of tau and phosphorylated tau in primary neuronal cultures. This suite of APOE4-associated anomalies in lipid homeostasis and neurotoxic protein levels may be related to the accrued risk for AD in APOE4 carriers and provides novel insights into potential strategies for therapeutic intervention.

Día de los Muertos is a representative event of Mexican culture and recognized worldwide. It is a cultural manifestation of great significance, because it is a mixture of cultures and also shows the way Mexicans deal with death. The objective of this work is to analyze, through observation, the manifestations that make up the period that comprises this event, which runs from the end of October until the beginning of November, with the celebrations closed on 02, day of the dead / dead. For that, the theory of Folkcommunicação was used to understand such manifestations under socio-cultural and, mainly, communicational bias, since it is a manifestation that communicates to the world what is the death in Mexico.

Bacteriophage-derived dsRNA, known as Larifan, is a nationally well-known broad-spectrum antiviral medication. This study aimed to ascertain the antiviral activity of Larifan against the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. Larifan’s effect against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro was measured in human lung adenocarcinoma (Calu3) and primary human small airway epithelial cells (HSAEC), and in vivo in the SARS-CoV-2 infection model in golden Syrian hamsters. Larifan inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication both in vitro and in vivo. Viral RNA copy numbers and titer of infectious virus in the supernatant of Calu3 cells dropped significantly: p = 0.0296 and p = 0.0286, respectively. A reduction in viral RNA copy number was also observed in HSAEC, especially when Larifan was added before infection (p = 0.0218). Larifan markedly reduced virus numbers in infected hamsters’ lungs post-infection, with a more pronounced effect after intranasal administration (p = 0.0032). The administration of Larifan also reduced the amount of infections virus titer in the lungs (p = 0.0039). Improvements in the infection-induced pathological lesion severity in the lungs of animals treated with Larifan were also demonstrated. The inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and the reduction in the viral load in the lungs of infected hamsters treated with Larifan alongside the improved lung histopathology suggests a potential use of Larifan in also controlling the COVID-19 disease in humans.

We present a rare case of intracranial solitary plasmacytoma arising in brain parenchyma in the basal nuclei. Clinical management and autopsy results of the case are described. Background: Intracranial plasmacytomas arising from brain parenchyma are extremely rare, and data from the literature are limited. Primary intracranial plasmacytomas are rare because plasma cells are not found in the brain in normal conditions. Commonly, intracranial plasmacytoma is associated with multiple myeloma, which is why multiple myeloma must be ruled out to diagnose solitary intracranial plasmacytoma. Considering that solitary plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma have some histopathological similarities, it is important to differentiate them because their respective treatments and prognoses are different. Imaging features of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma are nonspecific but are compatible with solid tumors with invariable enhancement. Plasmacytoma was aggressive because it was not diagnosed after the first MRI, but 1.5 months later, MRI showed a large object. We present a rare case of intracranial solitary plasmacytoma arising in brain parenchyma in the basal nuclei.

La productividad de los bioprocesos es un compromiso entre dos objetivos en conflicto, la maximización de la velocidad de crecimiento de la biomasa y la minimización del consumo de sustrato. En este trabajo, se resuelve un problema de optimización multi-objetivo para mejorar la productividad del cultivo en suspensión de células vegetales de la especie Thevetia peruviana. La solución del problema multi-objetivo permitió determinar las concentraciones iniciales óptimas de sustrato y biomasa para garantizar la máxima productividad. La optimización se lleva a cabo utilizando un modelo mecanistico, que incluye una representación de los procesos intracelulares que tienen lugar en las células vegetales. Las mejores soluciones se eligieron del frente de Pareto teniendo en cuenta el criterio experto. Los resultados indican que se recomienda una concentración inicial de inóculo de 3,91g/L y una concentración inicial de sacarosa de 23,63g/L como condiciones iniciales para obtener una productividad de biomasa de 1,57g/L*día con un consumo aceptable de sacarosa. Se llevó a cabo la validación experimental del óptimo encontrado y la productividad obtenida fue de 1,52g/L usando una concentración de inóculo inicial de 4,27g/L y una concentración inicial de sacarosa de 25,44g/L. Los resultados sugieren que la metodología propuesta puede ampliarse para aumentar la productividad en términos de producción de metabolitos a partir de estos cultivos de células vegetales y otras especies vegetales.

La educación es el proceso formativo en que un individuo se vuelve un estudiante para desarrollar sus capacidades. Este proceso puede realizarse dentro y fuera del aula. La pedagogía, como ciencia, tiene como objeto de estudio la educación, brindándole a esta un conjunto de bases para el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. No determina los límites y el docente lo puede demostrar de distintas maneras por qué la educación es todo proceso de influencia. Se realizó una evaluación a la Guía de Observación Aplicada al Desempeño del Contexto Educativo Actual a alumnos de la U.E. Almirante Illingworth, encontrándose que tanto docentes como alumnos cumplen con la misma.

The regular monitoring of erythema, one of the most important skin lesions in atopic (allergic) dogs, is essential for successful anti-allergic therapy. The smartphone-based dermatoscopy enables a convenient way to acquire quality images of erythematous skin. However, the image sampling to evaluate erythema severity is still done manually, introducing result variability. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the most popular erythema indices (EIs) and dermatologists’ erythema perception, and we measured intra- and inter-rater variability of the currently-used manual image-sampling methods (ISMs). We showed that the EIBRG, based on all three RGB (red, green, and blue) channels, performed the best with an average Spearman coefficient of 0.75 and a typical absolute disagreement of less than 14% with the erythema assessed by clinicians. On the other hand, two image-sampling methods, based on either selecting specific pixels or small skin areas, performed similarly well. They achieved high intra- and inter-rater reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Krippendorff’s alpha well above 0.90. These results indicated that smartphone-based dermatoscopy could be a convenient and precise way to evaluate skin erythema severity. However, better outlined, or even automated ISMs, are likely to improve the intra- and inter-rater reliability in severe erythematous cases.

A summar y of the final progress achieved in two Metals Affordability Initiative (MAI) programs (RR-12 and RR-13) that were funded by the US Air Force to develop the necessary integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) framework, knowledge, and supporting database to model and predict location-specific fatigue properties across the entire titanium supply chain is presented. Validation of this ICME framework which allows for the prediction of location specific low cycle fatigue (LCF) and high cycle fatigue (HCF) behavior on complex production components in electro-polished and shot peened surface conditions will be presented. In addition, validation of a new shot peening capability embedded with the commercial software package DEFORM™ will be presented.

Background: This study assesses the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and risk factors among key populations living in La Romana and Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic: pregnant adolescents, men who have sex with men, trans women, sugar cane field (batey) residents, transactional sex workers, and people living with HIV. This work is based on a preliminary analysis of batey data collected in La Romana. Methods: In 2017, 203 participants, aged 18–60 years, were recruited from eight bateys systematically selected using time-location sampling. Informed consent was obtained, and a 40 min questionnaire was administered. Blood, urine, Papanicolaou samples, and oral/anal swabs were used to test for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), gonorrhoea, chlamydia, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma spp, and Mycoplasma genitalium, and Papanicolaou (cervical) samples were collected. Participants with positive results received free treatment, when available, follow-up and education. Findings: Of 203 participants, 131 (65%) were women and 161 (79%) were Spanish-speaking. One (

Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases. In the field of immunometabolism, we have studied the impact of IL-17A on the lipid metabolism of human in vitro-generated monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). Microarrays and lipidomic analysis revealed an intense remodeling of lipid metabolism induced by IL-17A in DCs. IL-17A increased 2–12 times the amounts of phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters in DCs. Palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), and oleic (18:ln-9c) acid were the main fatty acid chains present in DCs. They were strongly increased in response to IL-17A while their relative proportion remained unchanged. Capture of extracellular lipids was the major mechanism of lipid droplet accumulation, visualized by electron microscopy and Oil Red O staining. Besides this foamy phenotype, IL-17A induced a mixed macrophage-DC phenotype and expression of the nuclear receptor NR1H3/liver X receptor-α, previously identified in the context of atherosclerosis as the master regulator of cholesterol homeostasis in macrophages. These IL-17A-treated DCs were as competent as untreated DCs to stimulate allogeneic naive T-cell proliferation. Following this first characterization of lipid-rich DCs, we propose to call these IL-17A-dependent cells “foamy DCs” and discuss the possible existence of foamy DCs in atherosclerosis, a metabolic and inflammatory disorder involving IL-17A.

Los caninos maxilares impactados (CMI) son una frecuente condición clínica, a pesar de la relativa baja prevalencia de impactación oral. Muchos estudios se han enfocado en la práctica terapéutica, que consta de un abordaje interdisciplinario que en muchas ocasiones implica varias especialidades, pero la evidencia disponible sobre su etiología ha sido diversa y escasa. A continuación se explora literatura disponible de antecedentes históricos que permiten explicar las diferentes teorías sobre la etiología de los caninos impactados. Así se resalta la importancia de realizar un diagnóstico temprano de dicha alteración para facilitar su manejo y reducir las secuelas.