Search

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze an indication of physical exercise on the increase of cardiac troponin (cTn) levels as a marker of myocardial infarction from the physiological perspective. Materials and methods. A search of journal databases including MEDLINE-Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct was used in this systematic review study. The inclusion criteria were papers that addressed cardiac troponin (cTn), physical activity, and myocardial infarction, and were published within the last five years. Using the databases Science Direct, Pubmed, and Web of Science, 83 recognized publications were found. For this systematic review, finally ten publications that fulfilled the requirements for inclusion were chosen and examined. This study evaluated standard operating procedures using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results. This systematic review reports that physical exercise has been found to increase cardiac troponin (cTn) levels as a marker of myocardial infarction, but this increase is triggered by the body’s physiological response during exercise and is not considered as a pathological response. Conclusions. According to the findings of the study, physical exercise has been proven to elevate the risk of heart muscle damage by triggering an increase in cardiac troponin (cTn). However, this feature occurs in a physiological state and represents an exercise adaptation process. An analysis of the relevant articles reveals that this increase in cardiac troponin (cTn) has not been shown to have a negative influence on developing cardiovascular disease.

Background and Study Aim. The elderly represent a growing age group and an integral part of modern society. The aging process introduces significant health challenges, making exercise an essential component in maintaining quality of life and well-being among the elderly. This study reviews the impact of physical exercise interventions on the physical and cognitive functions of the elderly population. Material and Methods. The search for this study was conducted using the ScienceDirect and PubMed databases. The search strategy employed a combination of keywords ("Elderly Physical Exercise" AND "Physical Exercise Intervention" AND "Elderly Fitness and Cognitive" AND "Physical Exercise for Physical and Cognitive Functions" AND "Physical and Cognitive Benefits" AND "Elderly Physical Exercise Prevalence"). This search adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Initially, 1,854 publications were identified through the database searches (ScienceDirect: 981 articles; PubMed: 873 articles). After applying the exclusion criteria, only 11 articles remained. Results. It has been found that physical exercise interventions for the elderly significantly impact their physical and cognitive functions. In the first group, exercises such as home-based e-Health programs, multicomponent exercises, moderate aerobic exercises, dance training, and balance training have been identified. All these have been shown to provide substantial benefits. These programs enhanced not only physical function but also cognitive performance and the overall quality of life for older adults without physical and cognitive health complaints. This showcases the potential of physical exercise interventions to prevent morbidity and reduce disability. The second group focused on physical exercise interventions for older adults with degenerative disease complaints, such as type 2 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Dual-task exercise programs and tai chi chuan exercises have demonstrated improvements in cognitive function for this demographic. They also improved physical fitness. The research also points out some limitations related to the implementation and budgeting for these programs. Conclusions. The literature review suggests that physical exercise interventions play a crucial role in maintaining physical and cognitive functions in older adults. Exercise programs tailored to the specific health conditions of individuals can significantly improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of declining physical and cognitive functions in the elderly population.

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness, benefits and safety of water aerobic exercise in improving the quality of life of pregnant women from a psychological and physical perspective. Materials and methods. The present study is defined as a type of systematic review research using searches from journal databases such as MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria for this study were articles published in the last 5 years and articles discussing pregnancy, aquatic aerobic exercise and quality of life in pregnancy. A total of 53 articles from the Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were identified. A total of 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment. Results. The findings of this systematic review indicate that participating in aquatic aerobic exercises has been found toreduce pain during labour, reduce the use of epidural analgesics during labour, reduce depression during pregnancy, reduce the risk of fetal distress, stabilize blood pressure, reduce back pain, and improve the psychological condition of pregnant women. Conclusions. The regular practice of water aerobic exercise carried out from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy contributes to having a positive impact on improving the quality of life of pregnant women.

Physical activity has been considered as one factor that increases oxidative stress. However, the body's natural reaction to exercise might provide more contribution to increase the levels of endogenous antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase. This study aimed to determine how exercise affects the increase in superoxide dismutase enzyme. To reach the objective, the study traced a number of journal databases, including Embase, Pub med, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus. The study considered a number of factors, especially studies that investigated antioxidants, physical activity, and superoxide dismutase. In addition, the studies must have been published within the last five years. Only articles published in non-reputable journals were excluded from our study. A total of 1,026 papers were located using Embase, Web of Science, Pub med, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. About ten carefully selected and peer-reviewed papers addressed the need for this systemic change. Systematic Preferred Reporting and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) items were used in the creation of the standard operating procedures of the investigation. The findings of the systemic analysis showed that exercise has been shown to increase superoxide dismutase levels. The presence of ROS during exercise is what causes the increase. Superoxide dismutase functions as an endogenous antioxidant to reduce free radical production. It is highly recommended to exercise to increase endogenous antioxidant levels which will improve health status. The limitation in this review is only discussing the effect of exercise on increasing SOD. For the next review, the effect of exercise on other endogenous antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase and catalase can be studied in depth.

Study purpose. This study aims to analyze and highlight the potential of Sea Cucumber in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation caused by exercise. Materials and methods. The study is a type of systematic review research using searches from various journal databases such as Science Direct, Pubmed and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria in this study were journals published in the last 5 years which discussed sea cucumber, oxidative stress, inflammation and exercise. Furthermore, the exclusion criteria in this research are journals that are not reputable or are not indexed by Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 1038 articles from the Science Direct, Pubmed and Web of Science databases were identified. A total of 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment. Results. The results of this systematic review research report that the strong phenolic content found in Sea Cucumber has anti-oxidant properties which may reduce oxidative stress. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory properties of sea cucumbers have the potential to reduce uncontrolled inflammation caused by intense exercise. Conclusions. The phenolic content in sea cucumbers has strong anti-oxidant properties in reducing oxidative stress. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of sea cucumbers may reduce uncontrolled inflammation caused by exercise. In this case, sea cucumbers have an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Through this systematic review, we recommend that future studies should perform clinical trials on the potential effects of sea cucumber on oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory biomarkers after exercise.

This study aimed to develop a circuit training model using audio-visual video media in futsal. The researcher used the R&D method. The subject possessed the characteristics of being male, aged between 20 and 30 years, with a Body Mass Index between 18 and 34, and was a futsal athlete. Before the study began, the researcher explained the research procedure, and the subjects filled out informed consent forms. This technique was used to analyze the data obtained from distributing questionnaires. Questionnaires were given to futsal experts, media experts, and coaching experts. The reliability test was carried out by 12 subjects from the small group test and 24 subjects from the large group test. The results of this development are in the form of videos; in these videos, there are 4 training models consisting of 4 posts each. The 4 posts are arranged in 1 round, with each post consisting of 3 athletes. In this training model, the athletes exercise at each post for 20 seconds; after completing one exercise model, they move to the next post. Exercises are done for 3 sets, with 1-minute recovery between sets. Based on the expert validity test, the evaluation results of futsal experts averaged 85.5%, media experts averaged 82.0%, and coaching experts averaged 83.3%. Furthermore, the results of the reliability test for the small group obtained a percentage of 88%, and for the large group, it was 87.87%. The development of a circuit training model in futsal games can help athletes become more enthusiastic and can also enable them to do additional exercises outside the schedule by using this video product as a training guide, providing athletes with many variations in their exercises.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the gymnastic learning model, which makes students more active during learning to improve students rolling skills. This type of research is an experiment with a pre and post-test design. 34 people with an average age of 15 years, consisting of 16 men and 18 women, participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups the experimental and control groups. They were taking research subjects using a purposive sampling technique. The control group carried out an independent study according to the instructions from the teacher, while the experimental group was treated with a play learning model according to the treatment program that had been made in each lesson. The forward roll skill test instrument uses a forward roll skill test sheet which contains a forward roll assessment indicator, which consists of 10 assessment indicators, starting from the initial phase, the primary phase, and the final phase for the forward roll movement. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS application with the Paired t-test method. This study's results reported a significant difference in the experimental group (p

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs) drives life-shortening mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, primarily because of its resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. To date, our knowledge on the host and bacterial determinants driving Mabs pathology in CF patient lung remains rudimentary. Here, we used human airway organoids (AOs) microinjected with smooth (S) or rough (R-)Mabs to evaluate bacteria fitness, host responses to infection, and new treatment efficacy. We show that S Mabs formed biofilm, and R Mabs formed cord serpentines and displayed a higher virulence. While Mabs infection triggers enhanced oxidative stress, pharmacological activation of antioxidant pathways resulted in better control of Mabs growth and reduced virulence. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the CFTR is associated with better growth and higher virulence of S and R Mabs. Finally, pharmacological activation of antioxidant pathways inhibited Mabs growth, at least in part through the quinone oxidoreductase NQO1, and improved efficacy in combination with cefoxitin, a first line antibiotic. In conclusion, we have established AOs as a suitable human system to decipher mechanisms of CF-driven respiratory infection by Mabs and propose boosting of the NRF2-NQO1 axis as a potential host-directed strategy to improve Mabs infection control.

Abstract Background Type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) are multifunctional enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of a group of diverse natural compounds with biotechnological and pharmaceutical interest called polyketides. The diversity of polyketides is impressive despite the limited set of catalytic domains used by PKSs for biosynthesis, leading to considerable interest in deciphering their structure‐function relationships, which is challenging due to high intrinsic flexibility. Among nineteen polyketide synthases encoded by the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pks13 is the condensase required for the final condensation step of two long acyl chains in the biosynthetic pathway of mycolic acids, essential components of the cell envelope of Corynebacterineae species. It has been validated as a promising druggable target and knowledge of its structure is essential to speed up drug discovery to fight against tuberculosis. Results We report here a quasi-atomic model of Pks13 obtained using small-angle X-ray scattering of the entire protein and various molecular subspecies combined with known high-resolution structures of Pks13 domains or structural homologues. As a comparison, the low-resolution structures of two other mycobacterial polyketide synthases, Mas and PpsA from Mycobacterium bovis BCG, are also presented. This study highlights a monomeric and elongated state of the enzyme with the apo- and holo-forms being identical at the resolution probed. Catalytic domains are segregated into two parts, which correspond to the condensation reaction per se and to the release of the product, a pivot for the enzyme flexibility being at the interface. The two acyl carrier protein domains are found at opposite sides of the ketosynthase domain and display distinct characteristics in terms of flexibility. Conclusions The Pks13 model reported here provides the first structural information on the molecular mechanism of this complex enzyme and opens up new perspectives to develop inhibitors that target the interactions with its enzymatic partners or between catalytic domains within Pks13 itself.

The purpose of this research was to identify the spiritual growth and stress management of Physical Education, Health and Recreation students. The method of this research was qualitative. The respondents to this study were students of the Physical Education, Health and Recreation study program at the Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The sampling technique used was quota sampling, which was determined by researchers to include as many as 170 students. The data collection technique was a survey with a questionnaire filled out online. The research instrument used was the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II instrument, which was adjusted to the characteristics of the activities of Physical Education, Health and Recreation students in the sub-questions about spiritual growth and stress management. The research data were processed descriptively and correlatively using Pearson Correlation analysis. The results of the Pearson Correlation test showed a significance value of. 000 < 0.05, so it was stated that the two variables were correlated. Spiritual growth and stress management, with a Pearson Correlation value of.728, have a degree of relationship with a strong correlation. The significance value of.728 is positive, indicating that the relationship between spiritual growth and stress management increases with the assumption that the higher the spiritual growth, the higher the stress management. The conclusion of this study is that the spiritual growth of Physical Education, Health and Recreation students has a positive correlation with stress management. This study contributes to providing recommendations for conducting stress management activities for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mammalian 20S catalytic core of the proteasome is made of 14 different subunits (α1-7 and β1-7) but exists as different subtypes depending on the cell type. In immune cells, for instance, constitutive catalytic proteasome subunits can be replaced by the so-called immuno-catalytic subunits, giving rise to the immunoproteasome. Proteasome activity is also altered by post-translational modifications (PTMs) and by genetic variants. Immunochemical methods are commonly used to investigate these PTMs whereby protein-tagging is necessary to monitor their effect on 20S assembly. Here, we present a new miniaturized workflow combining top-down and bottom-up mass spectrometry of immunopurified 20S proteasomes that analyze the proteasome assembly status as well as the full proteoform footprint, revealing PTMs, mutations, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and induction of immune-subunits in different biological samples, including organoids, biopsies and B-lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from patients with proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndromes (PRAAS). We emphasize the benefits of using top-down mass spectrometry in preserving the endogenous conformation of protein modifications, while enabling a rapid turnaround (1 h run) and ensuring high sensitivity (1–2 pmol) and demonstrate its capacity to semi-quantify constitutive and immune proteasome subunits.

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze an indication of physical exercise on the increase of cardiac troponin (cTn) levels as a marker of myocardial infarction from the physiological perspective. Materials and methods. A search of journal databases including MEDLINE-Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct was used in this systematic review study. The inclusion criteria were papers that addressed cardiac troponin (cTn), physical activity, and myocardial infarction, and were published within the last five years. Using the databases Science Direct, Pubmed, and Web of Science, 83 recognized publications were found. For this systematic review, finally ten publications that fulfilled the requirements for inclusion were chosen and examined. This study evaluated standard operating procedures using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results. This systematic review reports that physical exercise has been found to increase cardiac troponin (cTn) levels as a marker of myocardial infarction, but this increase is triggered by the body’s physiological response during exercise and is not considered as a pathological response. Conclusions. According to the findings of the study, physical exercise has been proven to elevate the risk of heart muscle damage by triggering an increase in cardiac troponin (cTn). However, this feature occurs in a physiological state and represents an exercise adaptation process. An analysis of the relevant articles reveals that this increase in cardiac troponin (cTn) has not been shown to have a negative influence on developing cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness, benefits and safety of water aerobic exercise in improving the quality of life of pregnant women from a psychological and physical perspective. Materials and methods. The present study is defined as a type of systematic review research using searches from journal databases such as MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct. The inclusion criteria for this study were articles published in the last 5 years and articles discussing pregnancy, aquatic aerobic exercise and quality of life in pregnancy. A total of 53 articles from the Science Direct, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were identified. A total of 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment. Results. The findings of this systematic review indicate that participating in aquatic aerobic exercises has been found to reduce pain during labour, reduce the use of epidural analgesics during labour, reduce depression during pregnancy, reduce the risk of fetal distress, stabilize blood pressure, reduce back pain, and improve the psychological condition of pregnant women. Conclusions. The regular practice of water aerobic exercise carried out from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy contributes to having a positive impact on improving the quality of life of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Study Aim: The elderly represent a growing age group and an integral part of modern society. The aging process introduces significant health challenges, making exercise an essential component in maintaining quality of life and well-being among the elderly. This study reviews the impact of physical exercise interventions on the physical and cognitive functions of the elderly population. Material and Methods: The search for this study was conducted using the ScienceDirect and PubMed databases. The search strategy employed a combination of keywords ("Elderly Physical Exercise" AND "Physical Exercise Intervention" AND "Elderly Fitness and Cognitive" AND "Physical Exercise for Physical and Cognitive Functions" AND "Physical and Cognitive Benefits" AND "Elderly Physical Exercis Prevalence"). This search adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Initially, 1,854 publications were identified through the database searches (ScienceDirect: 981 articles; PubMed: 873 articles). After applying the exclusion criteria, only 11 articles remained. Results: It has been found that physical exercise interventions for the elderly significantly impact their physical and cognitive functions. In the first group, exercises such as home-based e-Health programs, multicomponent exercises, moderate aerobic exercises, dance training, and balance training have been identified. All these have been shown to provide substantial benefits. These programs enhanced not only physical function but also cognitive performance and the overall quality of life for older adults without physical and cognitive health complaints. This showcases the potential of physical exercise interventions to prevent morbidity and reduce disability. The second group focused on physical exercise interventions for older adults with degenerative disease complaints, such as type 2 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Dual-task exercise programs and tai chi chuan exercises have demonstrated improvements in cognitive function for this demographic. They also improved physical fitness. The research also points out some limitations related to the implementation and budgeting for these programs. Conclusions: The literature review suggests that physical exercise interventions play a crucial role in maintaining physical and cognitive functions in older adults. Exercise programs tailored to the specific health conditions of individuals can significantly improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of declining physical and cognitive functions in the elderly population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)