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Background: In general, a 2-cm surgical margin is recommended for limited resection to obtain equivalent oncologic outcomes to lobectomy for lung cancer. This study aimed to examine the patterns of recurrence and prognostic factors for recurrence in patients with a close parenchymal resection margin. Methods: From January 2009 to April 2017, 156 patients with stage I lung cancer who underwent segmentectomy with a close resection margin (

Introduction Treatment with dexamethasone reduces mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia requiring supplemental oxygen, but the optimal dose has not been determined. Objective To determine whether weight-based dexamethasone of 0.2 mg/kg is superior to 6 mg daily in reducing 28-day mortality in patients with COVID-19 and hypoxemia. Materials and methods A multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted between March 2021 and December 2021 at seven hospitals within Northwell Health. A total of 142 patients with confirmed COVID-19 and hypoxemia were included. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg intravenously daily (n = 70) or 6 mg daily (n = 72) for up to 10 days. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the primary outcome of 28-day all-cause mortality with deaths in 12 of 70 patients (17.14%) in the intervention group and 15 of 72 patients (20.83%) in the control group (p = 0.58). There were no statistically significant differences among the secondary outcomes. Conclusion In patients with COVID-19 and hypoxemia, the use of weight-based dexamethasone dosing was not superior to dexamethasone 6 mg in reducing all-cause mortality at 28 days. Clinical trial registration This study was registered under ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04834375).

OBJECTIVES The current understanding of pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma is largely based on studies of advanced stage patients and data about early-stage invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma are sparse. We evaluated the radiological and clinical features of screening-detected early-stage invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (SD-IMA). METHODS Data from 91 patients who underwent surgical treatment for SD-IMA (≤3 cm) from 2013 to 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Data on radiological characteristics, clinicopathological findings, recurrence and survival were obtained. Disease-free survival rate was analysed. RESULTS Radiologically, SD-IMAs presented as a pure ground-glass nodule (6.6%), part-solid nodule (38.5%) or solid (54.9%). Dominant locations were both lower lobes (74.7%) and peripheral area (93.4%). The sensitivity of percutaneous needle biopsy was 78.1% (25/32). Lobectomy was performed in 70 (76.9%) patients, and sublobar resection in 21 (23.1%) patients. Seventy-three (80.2%), 15 (16.5%) and 3 (3.3%) patients had pathological stage IA, IB and IIB or above, respectively. Seven patients developed recurrence, and 3 died due to disease progression. Pleural seeding developed exclusively in 2 patients who underwent needle biopsy. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 89.4%. The disease-free survival rates at 5 years were 86.3% in the lobectomy group and 100% in the sublobar resection group. CONCLUSIONS SD-IMAs were mostly radiologically invasive nodules. SD-IMAs showed favourable prognosis after surgical treatment., Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA), which accounts for 5% of pulmonary adenocarcinomas, has different characteristics than non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) in terms of histology, genetics and clinical features.

Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) properties have been reported in organic molecular films. In particular, cyanine and squaraine films have been shown to exhibit ENZ properties in the visible spectral region with a strong 3rd order nonlinear optical response near the ENZ spectral region. Noting both cyanine and squaraine belong to the polymethine family, a series of six curcuminoid borondifluoride (Curc) derivatives were developed to examine whether such a polymethine character is positively correlated with the ENZ property of the organic films. Those Curc derivatives possess a Donor–Acceptor–Donor (D–A–D) architecture with acceptor, AcacBF2, located at the molecular center. The backbone of Curc is designed such that the donor strength can be tuned to transit between charge transfer (CT) and polymethine character. This balance between CT and polymethine character of the Curc series is examined based on the Lippert–Mataga plot. As donor strength in the D–A–D structure increases, CT character is less marked resulting in a more dominant polymethine character. The structural and optical properties of the Curc films with a thickness in the order of 30 nm were examined to correlate the polymethine character with the ENZ response. The results obtained in isotropic Curc thin films demonstrate that an increase of polymethine character associated with a stronger donor strength leads to an appearance/enhancement of the ENZ property in the visible spectrum range from 500 to 670 nm. Overall, this study provides useful guidelines to engineer new organic materials showing ENZ properties in a desired spectral range.

CuO-added 0.96(LixNa0.5-xK0.5)(Nb1-ySby)O3-0.04SrZrO3 ceramics were sintered at 1020 °C for 6 h. Various crystal structures were synthesized in these specimens by controlling the Li2CO3 (x) and Sb2O5 (y) contents: pseudocubic, orthorhombic-pseudocubic polymorphic phase boundary (PPB), tetragonal-pseudocubic PPB, orthorhombic-tetragonal-pseudocubic PPB, and orthorhombic-tetragonal PPB structures. The pseudocubic structure developed in these specimens was similar to the R3m rhombohedral structure instead of the Pm3m cubic structure because the specimens with a pure pseudocubic structure showed good ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. The piezoelectric properties of the specimens were influenced by their crystal structures. The specimen with the tetragonal-pseudocubic PPB structure showed the best piezoelectric properties because this structure was similar to the tetragonal-rhombohedral morphotropic phase boundary structure developed in Pb(Zr1-xTix)O3-based ceramics. In particular, the specimen with the tetragonal-pseudocubic PPB structure corresponding to x = 0.05 and y = 0.065 showed the largest d33 and kp values of 431 pC/N and 0.43, respectively.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) based on through-space donor and acceptor interactions constitute a recent and promising approach to develop efficient TADF emitters. Novel TADF isomers using a dithia[3.3]-paracyclophane building block as a versatile 3D platform to promote through-space interactions are presented. Such a 3D platform allows to bring together the D and A units into close proximity and to probe the effect of their orientation, contact site and distance on their TADF emission properties. This study provides evidence that the dithia[3.3]paracyclophane core is a promising platform to control intramolecular through-space interactions and obtain an efficient TADF emission with short reverse-intersystem crossing (RISC) lifetimes. In addition, this study demonstrates that this design can tune the energy levels of the triplet states and leads to an upconversion from 3 CT to 3 LE that promotes faster and more efficient RISC to the 1 CT singlet state.

CuO-added (1-y)(Na0.5K0.5)(Nb1-xSbx)-yCaTiO3 ceramics with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1 and 0.04 ≤ y ≤ 0.055 were sintered at 970 °C. Various cubic-based polymorphic-phase-boundary (PPB) structures were formed: orthorhombic-tetragonal-cubic, and tetragonal-cubic PPB structures. The crystal structure of the specimens near Curie temperature is a mixture of Pm3m cubic and P4mm tetragonal structures and these ceramics showed ferroelectric properties. A schematic phase diagram of these ceramics has been suggested. The piezoelectric properties of these specimens were influenced by their crystal structure. All the specimens are expected to have good fatigue properties. In particular, the specimen with a tetragonal-cubic PPB structure (x = 0.04 and y = 0.045) has a large d33 of 338 pC/N and a high strain of 0.17% at 4.5 kV/mm. This specimen has good temperature stability; a d33 value of 300 pC/N and strain of approximately 0.12% were obtained at 175 °C, indicating that this specimen is a good candidate for use as a piezoelectric multilayer actuator.

For a type-1 piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH), in which stress develops in the supporting system of the piezoelectric materials, the electromechanical coupling factor (kij) of the piezoelectric materials is important for the output power at the resonance frequency. Therefore, soft-piezoelectric materials are good candidates for these PEHs. For type-2 PEHs, in which stress develops in the piezoelectric material and supporting system, the figure of merit (FOM) of the output power at the resonance frequency is (kij2 × Qm)/s11E, where Qm and s11E are the mechanical quality factor and the elastic compliance of piezoelectric materials, respectively. In particular, the effect of Qm is very large for these PEHs, indicating that hard-piezoelectric materials are good candidates for type-2 PEHs operating at the resonance frequency. For both type-1 and type-2 PEHs operating at off-resonance frequency, the kij2 × dij × gij is the FOM of the output power of the PEHs, where gij is a piezoelectric voltage constant. Therefore, soft-piezoelectric materials are also good candidates for both type-1 and type-2 PEHs operating at the off-resonance frequency.

Objective To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who developed pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). Methods This case series was conducted in intensive care units at two large tertiary care centers within the Northwell Health System, located in New York State. Patients were included if they were identified as having confirmed COVID-19 as well as pneumatosis intestinalis from March 16, 2020 to July 31, 2020. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, vasopressor use, anticoagulation use, opiate use, paralytic use, COVID-19 treatment regimen, serum lactate, arterial pH, serum bicarbonate, subsequent intervention, and outcomes during hospitalization were collected. Results: A total of nine patients were identified. Average serum lactate was 4.33 mmol/L at time of diagnosis. Portal venous gas (56%) and bowel dilation (56%) were common radiographic findings. Subsequent morbidity (increased vasopressor requirements - 67%, acute kidney injury - 67%, increased oxygen requirements - 44%) and mortality (78%) were high. PI occurred despite a majority of patients being on anticoagulation (78%). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors were commonly administered (56%) prior to development of PI. Conclusion Pneumatosis intestinalis in COVID-19 is clinically significant, with high morbidity and mortality, and is also likely underdiagnosed.

Objective The study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who developed pneumothorax Design and setting A retrospective chart review was performed of the electronic medical record Patients were included if they were identified as having confirmed COVID-19 as well as pneumothorax from March 16, 2020 to May 31, 2020 Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, mechanical ventilator parameters, lung compliance measurements and outcomes during hospitalization were collected This case series was conducted in intensive care units at two large tertiary care centers within the Northwell Health System, located in New York State Patients A total of 75 patients were identified who were predominantly male (73 3%) with an average age of 62 8 years Thirty (40%) were Hispanic, 20 (26 7%) were White, 16 (21 3%) were Asian, and nine (12%) were Black Common comorbid conditions were hypertension (52%), diabetes mellitus (26 7%), hyperlipidemia (32 0%), and chronic pulmonary disease (8, 10 7%) Measurements and main results Most of the patients were diagnosed with pneumothorax while on mechanical ventilation (92%) despite overall adherence with lung-protective ventilation strategies Average tidal volume was 6 66 mL/kg) of ideal body weight The average positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 10 83 (cm) H2O Lung compliance was poor, with average peak and plateau pressures of 41 9 cm H2O and 35 2 crn H2O, respectively Inpatient mortality was high in these patients (76%) Conservative management with initial observation had a success rate (73 3%) with similar mortality and shorter length of stay (LOS) on average Significant factors in the conservatively managed group included lack of tension physiology, the smaller size of pneumothorax, lack of underlying diabetes, presence of pneumomediastinum, and not being on mechanical ventilation during diagnosis Conclusion Despite overall adherence to best practice ventilator management in ARDS, we observed a large number of pneumothoraces during the COVID-19 pandemic Conservative management may be appropriate if there are no clinical signs or symptoms of tension physiology and pneumothorax size is small

Amorphous KNbO3 (KN) films were grown on a TiN/SiO2/Si substrate to synthesize a KN memristor as a potential artificial synapse. The Pt/KN/TiN memristor exhibited typical and reliable bipolar switching behavior with multiple resistance levels. It also showed the transmission properties of a biological synapse, with a good conductance modulation linearity. Moreover, the KN memristor can emulate various biological synaptic plasticity characteristics including short-term plasticity, long-term plasticity, spike-rate dependent plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, and post-tetanic potentiation by controlling the number and rate of the potentiation spike. Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), which is an essential property of biological synapses, is also realized in the KN memristor. The synaptic plasticity of the KN memristor can be explained by oxygen vacancy movement and oxygen vacancy filaments. The metaplasticity of biological synapses was also implemented in the KN memristor, including the metaplasti...

International audience; A new thermally activated delayed fluorescent molecule, TRZ 3(Ph-PTZ), containing three phenothiazines as donor units and a 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine as the acceptor unit was synthesized using a simple cost-effective method based on a cobalt catalyzed cross-coupling. This compound was tested in organic light-emitting diodes and was found to show superior yellowish-green electroluminescence performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 17.4% and a maximum luminance value of 7430 cd/m2.

The piezoelectric properties of (1-x-y)PbZrO3-xPbTiO3-yPb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics were investigated. Specimens with a large Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 content, which have compositions close to the triple point, show small g33 and d33 × g33 values because of their large eT33/e0. These values increased with a decrease in y (amount of Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3) and the specimen with x = 0.39 and y = 0.29 showed the largest g33 of 43 × 10−3 V·m/N and d33 × g33 of 25.2 × 10−12 m2/N. Cantilever-type energy harvesters were fabricated using specimens with 0.38 ≤ x ≤ 0.41 and y = 0.29. The output power densities of the energy harvesters were related to the d31 × g31 × k312 value of the piezoelectric ceramics. The energy harvester fabricated using a specimen with x = 0.39 and y = 0.29, which has a maximum d31 × g31 × k312 value, showed the maximum output power density of 1.01 mW/cm3.

Two luminescent dibenzo[ b,d ]thiophene 5,5-dioxide derivatives combined with 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine were synthesized and the appearance of thermally activated delayed fluorescence was confirmed. Both 3,7- and 2,8-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)dibenzo[ b,d ]thiophene 5,5-dioxide ( 3ASOA ) and ( 4ASOA ) showed prompt and delayed fluorescence with high total photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiencies of 72% and 88% in their doped films, respectively. The maximum external electroluminescence (EL) efficiencies of 13.8% in 4ASOA and 10.4% in 3ASOA were obtained. Further, 4ASOA showed slightly relaxed rolloff behavior, indicating that 2,8-substitution of the donors appreciably improved both PL and EL characteristics.

Rhombohedral 0.69Pb(Zr0.47Ti0.53)-0.31Pb(Zn0.6Ni0.4)NbO3 (PZT-PZNN) ceramics were textured using 10.0 vol. % BaTiO3 (BT) platelets along the direction at 950°C with a high Lotgering factor of 95.3%. BT platelets did not react with the PZT-PZNN ceramics, and the textured PZT-PZNN ceramic had a tetragonal structure. The PZT-PZNN ceramics exhibited a strain of 0.174% with a piezoelectric strain constant (d*33) of 580 pC/N at 3.0 kV/mm. The textured PZT-PZNN ceramic showed an increased strain of 0.276% and d*33 of 920 pC/N at 3.0 kV/mm, which can be explained by the domain rotation. However, the d33 values of the textured specimens are smaller than those of the untextured specimens because of the small remanent polarization and relative dielectric constant of BT platelets. The textured PZT-PZNN ceramic synthesized in this work can be used for piezoelectric multilayer actuators because of its large strain and low sintering temperature.

Piezoelectric knocking sensors with a dense microstructure were fabricated at 960°C for 2 hours using various CuO-added (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 (NKN)-based piezoelectric ceramics. The practical sensitivity (SP) of the knocking sensor, which is the ability to detect the knocking of a car engine, was influenced by the g33 × kp value of the piezoelectric ceramics, indicating that the g33 × kp can be considered a figure of merit of the piezoelectric ceramics used in the knocking sensor. The knocking sensor synthesized using the CuO-added 0.95(Na0.5K0.5)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3–0.05CaTiO3 (CNKNS–CT) ceramic, which showed a g33 of 25.7 Vm/N and kp of 0.46, exhibited a high SP of 119 mV/g at the resonance frequency. The SP of the commercial knocking sensor, which was synthesized using the Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT)-based ceramic, was 112 mV/g at the resonance frequency. Hence, the knocking sensor fabricated using the CNKNS–CT piezoelectric ceramic can be used to replace the commercial PZT-based knocking sensor.

CuO-added (LixK0.9-xNa0.1)NbO3 [C(LxK0.9-xN0.1)N] ceramics with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05 were well-sintered at 960°C for 6 h. The lattice parameters of the specimens decreased with the addition of Li2O. Defect polarization (PD) formed between Cu2+ ions and oxygen vacancies. Double polarization vs. electric field (P-E) hysteresis and sprout-shaped strain vs. electric field (S-E) curves were observed in these specimens with a large strain of 0.16% at 7.0 kV/mm, possibly owing to the presence of PD. When the P-E curve was measured at temperatures higher than 75°C, the C(K0.9N0.1)N ceramic exhibited a normal P-E hysteresis curve, whereas the C(L0.04K0.86N0.1)N ceramic maintained the double P-E hysteresis curve up to 125°C, indicating that Li2O increased the thermal stability of PD. The latter specimen also showed the sprout shaped S-E curve with a strain of 0.15% at 7.0 kV/mm after 104 cycles of a high electric field of 7.0 kV/mm. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

0.96(Na0.5K0.5)(Nb1-xSbx)-0.04SrZrO3 ceramics with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.06 were well sintered at 1060°C for 6 h without a secondary phase. Orthorhombic-tetragonal transition temperature (TO-T) and Curie temperature (TC) decreased with the addition of Sb2O5. The decrease in TC was considerable compared to that in TO-T, and thus the tetragonal phase zone disappeared when x exceeded 0.03. Therefore, a broad peak for orthorhombic-pseudocubic transition as opposed to that for orthorhombic-tetragonal transition appeared at 115°C ~ 78.2°C for specimens with 0.04 ≤ x ≤ 0.06. An orthorhombic structure was observed for specimens with x ≤ 0.03. However, the polymorphic phase boundary structure containing orthorhombic and pseudocubic structures was formed for the specimens 0.04 ≤ x ≤ 0.06. Furthermore, a specimen with x = 0.055 exhibited a large piezoelectric strain constant of 325 pC/N, indicating that the coexistence of orthorhombic and pseudocubic structures could improve the piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

CuO-added (1-x)KNbO3-x mol%BaZrO3 ceramics with 0.0≤x≤7.0 were sintered at 960°C. Large double polarization vs electric field (P-E) and sprout-shaped strain vs electric field (S-E) hysteresis curves were obtained from the specimens with x≤2.0. They exhibited large polarizing electric fields (EP) owing to the presence of a large number of defect dipoles (PDs) that formed between Cu2+ ions and oxygen vacancies. Small double P-E hysteresis curves were observed for the specimens with x≥3.0 with reduced EP because of the decreased number of PDs and the presence of a polymorphic phase structure containing both orthorhombic and pseudocubic structures. In particular, the specimen with x=5.0 exhibited a large strain of 0.16% at 8.0 kV/mm with a small EP of 1.2 kV/mm and good fatigue property: this specimen maintained a strain of 0.13% at 6.0 kV/mm after 106 cycles of 3.0 kV/mm.

Horizontal orientation of the emission transition dipole of light-emitting molecules plays a critical role in the light outcoupling efficiency and the performance of organic light-emitting diodes. It is well established that linear and planar small molecules are generally preferred to achieve such a horizontal molecular orientation in vapor-deposited organic thin films. Here, we designed and synthesized four novel carbazole-based thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules with different shapes and degrees of planarity in order to examine the influence of the emitter structure on the molecular orientation and the electroluminescence properties in TADF OLEDs. Molecular orientation of the TADF molecules in neat films and in blends was investigated using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and angle dependent photoluminescence measurements, respectively. The results provide new important insights into the influence of the planarity of TADF molecules on their molecular orientation in vapor-deposited organic thin films. The photophysical and electroluminescence properties of these TADF molecules were then investigated to examine the influence of the molecular orientation on the performance of TADF OLEDs. The most efficient device was obtained using the TADF emitter showing a nearly perfect horizontal orientation of the emitting dipoles in the blend films. The maximum electroluminescence external quantum efficiency measured in this device was found to be 15.4%, which is about 1.75 times higher than the theoretical value calculated using an isotropic distribution of transition dipoles.

The structural and piezoelectric properties of (1-x-y)PbZrO 3 -xPbTiO 3 -yPb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 [(1-x-y)PZ-xPT-yPNN] ceramics near the triple point were investigated. The 0.16PZ-0.34PT-0.5PNN ceramic with a triple point composition exhibited a large d 33 , k p and e 33 T /e o values of 855 pC/N, 0.68 and 5800, respectively. However, its g 33 and d 33 x g 33 values were relatively small because of its large e 33 T /e o . Similar results were obtained for specimens with rhombohedral-tetragonal or pseudocubic-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions. However, specimens with a rhombohedral structure near the rhombohedral-tetragonal MPB exhibited large g 33 and d 33 x g 33 values because of their large d 33 and small e 33 T /e o that can be explained by their polarization characteristics. In particular, 0.23PZ-0.36PT-0.41PNN ceramic exhibited large g 33 and d 33 x g 33 values of 30.2 × 10 −3 Vm/N and 22.6 × 10 −12 m 2 /N, respectively, thus making it a good candidate for piezoelectric energy harvesters and multilayer actuators.

K(Nb1−xMnx)O3 (KN1−xMx) ceramics with 0.005 ≤ x ≤ 0.015 were sintered at 1020°C through a normal sintering process without the formation of a liquid phase. They exhibited double polarization versus electric field (P–E) hysteresis and sprout-shaped strain versus electric field (S–E) curves owing to the presence of a defect dipole (PD), which was formed between the acceptor Mn3+ ion and the oxygen vacancy. Moreover, the aging process was not required to develop the PD. The KN1−xMx ceramics exhibited a large strain of ~0.2% at 6.0 kV/mm. For the KN0.985M0.015 ceramic, this large strain was maintained after 104 cycles of an electric field of 6.0 kV/mm. This ceramic also maintained a double hysteresis curve at 200°C. Therefore, the KN0.985M0.015 ceramic has a large electric field-induced strain, along with good thermal and fatigue properties for multilayer piezoelectric actuators.

A homogeneous KNbO 3 (KN) thin film was grown on a Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrate using the RF sputtering method. A K 2.88 Nb 5 O 15 secondary phase was formed in the KN film when the deposition and the annealing temperatures were greater than room temperature (RT) and 800 °C, respectively, owing to the evaporation of K 2 O. On the other hand, KNb 3 O 8 and K 3 Nb 5.45 O 15 secondary phases were formed in the KN films when the annealing temperature was less than 800 °C or the annealing time at 800 °C was shorter than 90 min. A homogeneous KN thin film was formed when it was deposited at RT and subsequently annealed at 800 °C for 90 min under the K 2 O atmosphere. This KN film exhibits a relative permittivity of 884 with a dissipation factor of 6.71% at 100 kHz. The leakage current density of 1.06 × 10 −6 A/cm 2 at 0.1 MV/cm and a breakdown field of 1.5 MV/cm were observed from this film. This film showed a saturation polarization of 21.9 μC/cm 2 , with a remnant polarization of 8.3 μC/cm 2 , and a piezoelectric strain constant of 125 pm/V.