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5. Physics of trap assisted photomultiplication in vertical organic photoresistors.

Author

Daanoune, Mehdi, Clerc, Raphaël, Flament, Bruno, and Hirsch, Lionel

Subjects
*PHOTORESISTORS, *PHYSICS, *EXPERIMENTAL groups, *TRAPPING
Abstract

Several experimental groups have reported recently an intriguing high level of gain (Photomultiplication) in vertical organic photoresistance (as well as in other technologies, such as perovskite for instance). This mechanism is sometimes named as "Trap-Assisted Photomultiplication." This paper investigates the origin of this mechanism by means of drift diffusion simulations, analytical theory, and experiments, considering the particular case of PCDTBT:PC60BM photoresistors, although some conclusions are likely to apply in other technologies. It turns out that an excess of charges (induced by electron–hole carrier generation) may trigger additional carrier injection, leading to photomultiplication, under specific circumstances. We call this mechanism "gain by injection enhancement." Electron (respectively, hole) trapping for P only (respectively, N only) devices can play this role efficiently. As these additional carriers came from contacts, significant dark current injection is thus needed to achieve a large value of gain, explaining why this mechanism can occur only in P (or N) only photoresistors (and not photodiodes or intrinsic photoresistors, i.e., with midgap contacts). In such devices, however, the detectivity remains intrinsically limited by the high level of dark injection currents required to get gain, and consequently, this type of device may be interesting, in particular, in technologies where it is not possible to achieve low dark currents using photodiodes. However, penalized by the slow trap dynamics, the cut-off frequency of these devices remains extremely low (<100 Hz). Also, this gain takes a high value only at low irradiance, making photoresistor responsivity light dependent. All these results bring new light in analyzing and optimizing photoresistors, opening a large field of investigation to take advantage of gain by injection enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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6. Nanowire-Based Solar Cells

Author

Zanuccoli, Mauro, primary, Kaminski-Cachopo, Anne, additional, Michallon, Jérôme, additional, Consonni, Vincent, additional, Semenikhin, Igor, additional, Daanoune, Mehdi, additional, Ducroquet, Frédérique, additional, Kohen, David, additional, Morin, Christine, additional, and Fiegna, Claudio, additional

Published
2014
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7. Towards Self-Powered Systems: Using Nanostructures to Harvest Ambient Energy

Author

Ardila, Gustavo, primary, Kaminski-Cachopo, Anne, additional, Pala, Marco, additional, Cresti, Alessandro, additional, Montès, Laurent, additional, Consonni, Vincent, additional, Hinchet, Ronan, additional, Michallon, Jérôme, additional, Daanoune, Mehdi, additional, Zanuccoli, Mauro, additional, Fiegna, Claudio, additional, and Mouis, Mireille, additional

Published
2014
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8. Reconciling organic photodetectors and low-cost instrumentation

Author

Hirsch, Lionel, Flament, Bruno, Daanoune, Mehdi, Kielar, Marcin, Wiemer, Martin, Clerc, Raphael, Pandey, Ajay K., Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT)

Subjects
[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

9. Thermally stimulated current for quantitative analysis of trap density in organic photodetectors

Author

Hirsch, Lionel, Marcin, Kielar, François-Martin, Olivier, Flament, Bruno, Daanoune, Mehdi, Clerc, Raphael, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire Hubert Curien / Eris, Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

10. Organic photodetectors - insights into failure mechanisms

Author

Hirsch, Lionel, Kielar, Marcin, François-Martin, Olivier, Flament, Bruno, Dhez, Olivier, Daanoune, Mehdi, Clerc, Raphael, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, ISORG, Laboratoire Hubert Curien / Eris, Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), and Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

11. Insights into the failure mechanisms of organic photodetectors

Author

Kielar, Marcin, Daanoune, Mehdi, Francois-Martin, Olivier, Flament, Bruno, Dhez, Olivier, Pandey, Ajay, Chambon, Sylvain, Clerc, Raphael, Hirsch, Lionel, Kielar, Marcin, Daanoune, Mehdi, Francois-Martin, Olivier, Flament, Bruno, Dhez, Olivier, Pandey, Ajay, Chambon, Sylvain, Clerc, Raphael, and Hirsch, Lionel

Abstract

This work investigates in detail the reliability of poly(2,7‐carbazole‐alt‐4, 7‐dithienyl‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole):phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester‐based organic photodiodes (OPDs) under visible light and air exposure. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the state‐of‐the‐art OPDs are measured both at room and low temperature, before, during, and after ageing. While electrodes are only slightly impacted by ageing, the active layer is significantly damaged regardless the absence of UV light, leading to a major decrease in the responsivity. The combination of the thermally stimulated current and the I–V characteristics versus temperature (I–V–T) techniques along with the extensive use of the drift‐diffusion simulations all reveals that the observed degradation is the consequence of the generation of shallow traps (0.2 eV, NT = 1016 cm−3) that significantly reduce the charge carrier mobility. In contrast, deep traps (0.7 eV, NT = 7 × 1015 cm−3) are found to be present on freshly prepared samples and their concentration remains unchanged after ageing.

Published
2018

12. All-Printed Organic Photodetectors – Performances and Lifetime

Author

Hirsch, Lionel, Marcin, Kielar, François-Martin, Olivier, Flament, Bruno, Dhez, Olivier, Daanoune, Mehdi, Clerc, Raphael, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, ISORG, Laboratoire Hubert Curien / Eris, Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), and Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

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