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HASAN, MOHAMMAD EUSUF, HASAN, ARIBA, BÉAREZ, PHILIPPE, SHEN, KANG-NING, CHANG, CHIH-WEI, TRAN, THANH THI VIET, GOLANI, DANIEL, AL-SABOONCHI, AZHAR, SIDDIQUI, PIRZADA JAMAL AHMED, DURAND, JEAN-DOMINIQUE (2022): 2) Planiliza lauvergnii (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850), a senior synonym of Planiliza affinis (Günther, 1861) with a re-evaluation of keeled back mullets (Mugiliformes: Mugilid. Zootaxa 5214 (4): 600-600, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.8

Planiliza klunzingeri (Day, 1888) Arabian Sea keeled mullet (Fig. 8A–C, 9B, Table 3) Mugil klunzingeri Day 1888: 264 (Mumbai, India), based on Mugil carinatus of Day 1876: 349 (non Cuvier & Valenciennes) Plate LXXIV, Fig. 2 Liza klunzingeri Senou et al. 1987: 309 (Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea Coast of India, Pakistan and Oman); Carpenter et al. 1997: 203 (Southern Persian Gulf); Coad 2010: 234 (Iraq); Shen & Durand 2016: 77 Chelon klunzingeri Randall 1995: 235 (Oman Coast); Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003: S112 (Arabian Sea); Psomadakis et al. 2015: 293 (Pakistan Coast) Planiliza klunzingeri Ali et al. 2018: 342 (Iraq); Hasan et al. 2021: 8 (Pakistan) Chelon carinata (non Valenciennes) Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003: S112 (Arabian Sea); Eagderi et al. 2019: 84 (as Chelon carinatus; Persian Gulf, Iran) Planiliza carinata (non Valenciennes) Ali et al. 2018: 342 (Iraq) Materials examined (n=30): MNHN 2019-0086 (X) [GenBank CO 1: MT 999034], 148 mm SL, Persian Gulf at Basra, Iraq, collected by A.Al-Saboonchi; CEMB PAK Mu 816 [GenBank: MT 943737], 824 [GenBank: MT 943727], 828 [GenBank: MT 943736], 830 [GenBank: MT 943735], 884 [GenBank: MT 943743], 5 specimen, 124–138 mm SL, Pakistan Coast of Arabian Sea at Fish Harbour, Karachi, collected by Ariba Hasan; CEMB Pak Mu 811–12 [GenBank: MT943738–39], 827 [GenBank: MT 943726], 870 [GenBank: MT 943731], 872 [GenBank: MT 943730], 881–82 [GenBank: MT943728–29], 883 [GenBank: MT 943744], 8 specimen, 118–144 mm SL, Pakistan Coast of Arabian Sea at Keti Bunder, Sindh, collected by Ariba Hasan; CEMB Pak Mu 800, 134 mm SL, Pakistan Coast of Arabian Sea at Somniani, Baluchistan, collected by Ariba Hasan; CEMB Pak Mu 821 [GenBank: MT 943733], 832 [GenBank: MT 943725], 838, 3 specimen, 129–159 mm SL, Pakistan Coast of Arabian Sea at Gwadar, Baluchistan, collected by Ariba Hasan; CUMS Mug 1–12 [GenBank: MT999032 –33, MT 999035], 12 specimen, 135–155 mm SL, Oman (imported in Chattogram, Bangladesh), collected by M. Eusuf Hasan. Diagnosis: Hind tip of maxilla exposed when mouth closed; head relatively large, slightly convex, head length 27–31% of SL; adipose eyelid developed anteriorly and posteriorly; mid-dorsal line sharply keeled; stomach gizzard-like, with five unbranched pyloric caeca; 11–13 (mode 12) rows of transverse scales; usually 34–38 scales in lateral series; pectoral-fin generally with 16 rays; pectoral-fin length 20–26% of SL, just reaching to level of first dorsal-fin. Three supraneurals: first between second and third vertebrae, second between fourth and fifth vertebrae, and third between sixth and seventh vertebrae (Fig. 9B). First pterygiophore of spinous dorsal fin between seventh and eighth vertebrae (Fig. 9B). Description (Fig. 8, A–C): Counts and proportional measurements are shown in Table 3. Body moderately short and compressed. Head large, with slightly convex inter-orbital space. Mid-dorsal line, anterior to first dorsal fin with well-developed keel (Fig. 8C). Keel weaker between dorsal fins. Adipose eye-fold well developed. Maxilla posteriorly curved down and its tip exposed when closed mouth. Mouth terminal, a prominent symphysial knob present at upper end of lower jaw. Upper lip not thick; lower lip thinner than upper lip, forming horizontally forward edge. Body scales weakly ctenoid. Interorbital space scaled. First dorsal-fin origin closer to caudal fin base than snout tip. Origin of second dorsal fin on vertical through anterior third of anal fin. Pectoral fin just reaching to level of first dorsal fin. Caudal fin emarginate. Total number of vertebrae 24 (11+13). Colour when fresh (Fig. 8A, B): Head and dorsal two third of body grey or bluish grey, ventral half silvery. Upper section of iris orange-grey. First and second dorsal fins greyish. Caudal fin with a dark margin; inner side pale or yellowish-grey. Anal fin whitish. Pelvic fin white. Pectoral fin darkish hyaline, upper end of pectoral fin base darkish. Distribution: Known from the coasts of eastern and northern Arabian Sea—west coast of India (type locality) and Pakistan (Psomadakis et al. 2015, Hasan et al. 2021), and from the Persian Gulf (Carpenter et al. 1997, Coad 2010, Ali et al. 2018, Eagderi et al. 2019) and Gulf of Oman (Randall 1995). Comparisons: Planiliza klunzingeri differs with P. carinata in the position of third supraneural and first pterygiophore of first dorsal fin (see account of P. carinata above, and Fig. 9A, B for details). Senou et al. (1987) observed that P. klunzingeri possesses more total gill rakers than P. carinata (79–109 vs. 69–93). Remarks: We observed some variation from Senou et al. (1987) regarding a few proportional measurements for Planiliza carinata and P. klunzingeri. First dorsal-fin base length, inter-pelvic flank distance, and fourth dorsalspine length were larger in our study samples (Table 3). This might be due to differences in measurements and/or shrinkage of long preserved specimens. Reports of Planiliza carinata from Arabian Sea (Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003: S112, as Chelon carinata), the Persian Gulf (Eagderi et al. 2019, as C. carinatus), as well as of P. carinata from Iraq (Ali et al. 2018) most likely refer to P. klunzingeri., Published as part of Hasan, Mohammad Eusuf, Hasan, Ariba, Béarez, Philippe, Shen, Kang-Ning, Chang, Chih-Wei, Tran, Thanh Thi Viet, Golani, Daniel, Al-Saboonchi, Azhar, Siddiqui, Pirzada Jamal Ahmed & Durand, Jean-Dominique, 2022, Planiliza lauvergnii (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850), a senior synonym of Planiliza affinis (Günther, 1861) with a re-evaluation of keeled back mullets (Mugiliformes Mugilidae), pp. 497-518 in Zootaxa 5194 (4) on pages 510-512, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5194.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7156813, {"references":["Day, F. (1888) Observations on the Fishes of India. Part I. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 56 (1), 258 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1888. tb 06706. x","Day, F. (1876) The Fishes of India, Being a Natural History of the Fishes Known to Inhabit the Seas and Freshwaters of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Part II. William Dawson & Sons, London, pp. 169 - 368, pls. 41 - 78.","Senou, H., Yoshino, T. & Okiyama, M. (1987) A review of the mullets with a keel on the back, Liza carinata complex (Pisces: Mugilide). Publication of Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 32, 303 - 321.","Carpenter, K. E., Krupp, F., Jones, D. A. & Zajonz, U. (1997) The Living Marine Resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. FAO, Rome, 293 pp., 17 pls.","Coad, B. W. (2010) Freshwater Fishes of Iraq. Pensoft, Sofia & Moscow, 275 pp., 16 pls.","Shen, K. - N. & Durand, J. - D. (2016) The biogeography of Mugilidae in India, south-east and east Asia. In: Crosetti, D. & Blaber, S. (Eds.), Biology, Ecology and Culture of Grey Mullets (Mugilidae). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 63 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / b 19927","Randall, J. E. (1995) Coastal Fishes of Oman. Crawford House Publishing Pty Ltd, Bathurst, 439 pp.","Manilo, L. G. & Bogorodsky, S. V. (2003) Taxonomic composition, diversity and distribution of coastal fishes of the Arabian Sea. Journal of Ichthyology, 43 (Supplement 1), S 75 - S 149.","Psomadakis, P. N., Osmany, H. B. & Moazzam, M. (2015) Field Identification Guide to the Living Marine Resources of Pakistan. FAO, Rome, 386 pp., 42 pls.","Ali, A. H., Adday, T. K. & Khamees, N. R. (2018) Catalogue of marine fishes of Iraq. Biological and Applied Environmental Research, 2 (2), 298 - 368.","Hasan, A., Siddiqui, P. J. A., Amir, S. A. & Durand, J. - D. (2021) DNA Barcoding of Mullets (Family Mugilidae) from Pakistan reveals surprisingly high number of unknown candidate species. Diversity, 13, 232. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 13060232","Eagderi, S., Fricke, R., Esmaeili, H. R. & Jalili, P. (2019) Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf: Diversity and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 6 (Supplement 1), 1 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.22034 / iji. v 6 i 0.454"]}

Planiliza carinata (Valenciennes, 1836) Red Sea keeled mullet (Fig. 7, 9A; Table 3) Mugil carinatus Valenciennes 1836: 148 (in part, Red Sea syntypes only, collected by Ehrenberg; lectotype: MNHN A. 3643, paralectotype: MNHN 1987-1322, formerly A. 3643; lectotype designated by Senou et al. 1987) Liza carinata Trewavas & Ingham 1972: 24 (Red Sea, Suez and Eastern Mediterranean); Senou et al. 1987: 306 (Gulf of Suez, Suez Canal, Nile Delta, the Bardawil Lagoon, and Eastern Mediterranean); Thomson 1997: 518 (in part, Red Sea, and Mediterranean); Bilecenoðlu et al. 2002: 105 (Mediterranean Coast, Turkey); Golani 2005: 48 (Mediterranean Coast, Israel); Fricke et al. 2007:67 (Mediterranean Coast, Turkey); Bariche 2012: 335 (Eastern Mediterranean Coast); Elbaraasi et al. 2019: 98 (Libyan Coast, southern Mediterranean Sea). Planiliza carinata Durand 2016: 34; Bogorodsky & Randall 2018: 242 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 119 (Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba); Bariche & Fricke 2020:120 (Lebanon Coast, Mediterranean Sea); Golani 2021:66 (Mediterranean Coast, Israel). Materials examined (n=15): MNHN A. 3643 (X), (Lectotype), 86.9 mm SL, MNHN 1987-1322 (formerly A. 3643) (X), (Paralectotype), 80.0 mm SL, both from Red Sea. HUJ 18551, 145 mm SL, Haifa, Israel, collected by Daniel Golani, 2000-02-09; MNHN 2019-0085 (X), 12 specimens, 98–138 mm SL [GenBank CO 1: MT 999020 – MT 999031], Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) at Eilat, Israel, collected by Daniel Golani, 2013-02-11. Diagnosis: Hind tip of maxilla exposed when mouth closed; head relatively large, slightly convex, head length 26–30% of SL; adipose eyelid developed anteriorly and posteriorly; mid-dorsal line sharply keeled; 11–13 rows in transverse scale; usually 34–38 scales in lateral series; pectoral-fin generally with 16 rays; pectoral-fin length 20–24% of SL, just reaching to level of first dorsal-fin. Three supraneurals: first between second and third vertebrae, second between fourth and fifth vertebrae, and third between fifth and sixth vertebrae (Fig. 9A). First pterygiophore of spinous dorsal fin between sixth and seventh vertebrae (Fig. 9A). Description (Fig. 7): Counts and proportional measurements are shown in Table 3. Body somewhat short and compressed. Mid-dorsal line anterior to first dorsal fin keeled. Head large; dorsal profile of head somewhat convex. Adipose eyelid developed anteriorly and posteriorly, covering part of iris, posterior portion thin. Maxilla posteriorly curved down; maxilla tip exposed when mouth closed. Mouth terminal; upper lip somewhat thin; lower lip thinner than upper lip, forms thin edge. Prominent symphysial knob present at upper end of lower jaw. Body scales weakly ctenoid. Interorbital space scaled. First dorsal-fin origin closer to snout tip than caudal-fin base; origin of second dorsal fin on vertical through anterior third of anal fin. Pectoral fin just reaching to level of first dorsal fin. Caudal fin emarginate. Total number of vertebrae 24 (11+13). Colour when fresh (Fig. 7): Head and dorsal half of body bluish grey, ventral half silvery. First and second dorsal fins greyish. Caudal fin with a dark margin; caudal-fin origin darkish, but pale in middle. Anal fin whitish. Pelvic fin white. Pectoral fin darkish, pectoral fin base darker dorsally. Distribution: Currently known from Gulf of Suez and Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea (Bogorodsky & Randall 2018, Golani & Fricke 2018), including Suez Canal and the coast of Nile Delta, and in the eastern Mediterranean (Senou et al. 1987, Golani et al. 2002, Golani 2005, Bariche 2012, Elbaraasi et al. 2019, Bariche & Fricke 2020, Golani 2021), northward to the Turkish coast (Bilecenoðlu et al. 2002, Fricke et al. 2007). Thomson (1997) considers the Mediterranean population as ‘doubtless descendants’ from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal, i.e., a Lessepsian migrant species. Comparisons: Planiliza carinata differs from the other west Asian keeled back mullet, P. klunzingeri, by the position of the third supraneural, and first pterygiophore of first dorsal fin (Senou et al. 1987, this study). In P. carinata, they are positioned between fifth and sixth, and sixth and seventh vertebrae respectively vs. sixth and seventh, and seventh and eighth vertebrae respectively in P. klunzingeri (see Fig. 9A, B). Senou et al. (1987) observed that P. carinata has fewer total gill-rakers than P. klunzingeri (69–93 vs. 79–109). Remarks: Persian Gulf records of Chelon carinatus or Liza carinata or Planiliza carinata cited by Eagderi et al. (2019), and Arabian Sea record of Chelon carinata by Manilo & Bogorodsky (2003), most likely refer to Planiliza klunzingeri. Similarly, East Asian reports of Liza carinata or Chelon carinatus (e.g., China by Pan et al. 1991, Zhu 1995; Korea by Kim 1997) refer to Planiliza lauvergnii. Reports of Mugil carinatus or Chelon carinatus in freshwater habitats of Madagascar and other south-western Indian Ocean Islands by Pellegrin (1933) and Fricke et al. (2018) are most probably misidentifications., Published as part of Hasan, Mohammad Eusuf, Hasan, Ariba, Béarez, Philippe, Shen, Kang-Ning, Chang, Chih-Wei, Tran, Thanh Thi Viet, Golani, Daniel, Al-Saboonchi, Azhar, Siddiqui, Pirzada Jamal Ahmed & Durand, Jean-Dominique, 2022, Planiliza lauvergnii (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850), a senior synonym of Planiliza affinis (Günther, 1861) with a re-evaluation of keeled back mullets (Mugiliformes Mugilidae), pp. 497-518 in Zootaxa 5194 (4) on pages 508-509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5194.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7156813, {"references":["Valenciennes, A. (1836) Mugiloides. In: Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. (Ed.), Histoire Naturelledes Poisons. Tome Onzieme. Levrault, F. G., Paris, pp. 1 - 86.","Senou, H., Yoshino, T. & Okiyama, M. (1987) A review of the mullets with a keel on the back, Liza carinata complex (Pisces: Mugilide). Publication of Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 32, 303 - 321.","Trewavas, E. & Ingham, S. E. (1972) A key to the species of Mugilidae (Pisces) in the north eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, with explanatory notes. Journal of Zoology, 167 (1), 15 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1972. tb 01720. x","Thomson, J. M. (1997) The Mugilidae of the World. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 41 (3), 457 - 562.","Bilecenodlu, M., Taskavak, E., Mater, S. & Kaya, M. (2002) Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa, 113 (1), 1 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 113.1.1","Golani, D. (2005) Checklist of the Mediterranean Fishes of Israel. Zootaxa, 947 (1), 1 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 947.1.1","Fricke, R., Bilecenodlu, M. & Sari, H. M. (2007) Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostomata and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitragezur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 706, 1 - 169.","Bariche, M. (2012) Field Identification Guide to the Living Marine Resources of the Eastern and Southern Mediterranean. FAO, Rome, 610 pp.","Elbaraasi, H., Elabar, B., Elaabidi, S., Bashir, A., Elsilini, O., Shakman, E. & Azzurro, E. (2019) Updated checklist of bony fishes along the Libyan coast (southern Mediterranean Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 20 (1), 90 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 15570","Bogorodsky, S. V. & Randall, J. E. (2018) Endemic fishes of the Red Sea. In: Rasul, N. M. A. & Stewart, I. C. F. (Eds.), Oceanographic and Biological Aspects of the Red Sea. Springer Oceanography, Basel, pp. 239 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 99417 - 8 _ 14","Golani, D. & Fricke, R. (2018) Checklist of the Red Sea fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants. Zootaxa, 4509 (1), 1 - 215. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4509.1.1","Bariche, M. & Fricke, R. (2020) The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status. Zootaxa, 4775 (1), 1 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4775.1.1","Golani, D. (2021) An updated checklist of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel, with illustrations of recently recorded species and delineation of Lessepsian migrants. Zootaxa, 4956 (1), 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4956.1.1","Golani, D., Orsi-Relini, L., Massuti, E. & Quignard, J. - P. (2002) CIESM Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean. Vol. 1. Fishes. CIESM Publications, Monaco, 254 pp.","Eagderi, S., Fricke, R., Esmaeili, H. R. & Jalili, P. (2019) Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf: Diversity and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 6 (Supplement 1), 1 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.22034 / iji. v 6 i 0.454","Manilo, L. G. & Bogorodsky, S. V. (2003) Taxonomic composition, diversity and distribution of coastal fishes of the Arabian Sea. Journal of Ichthyology, 43 (Supplement 1), S 75 - S 149.","Pan, J. - H., Zhong, L., Zheng, C. - Y., Wu, H. - L. & Liu, J. - H. (Eds.) (1991) The Freshwater Fishes of Guangdong Province. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangdong, 589 pp.","Zhu, S. - Q. (1995) Synopsis of Freshwater Fishes of China. Jiangsu Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanjing, 549 pp. [in Chinese]","Kim, I. - S. (1997) Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 37. Freshwater Fishes. Korea Ministry of Education, Sejong, 629 pp., 49 pls. [in Korean]","Pellegrin, J. (1933) Les poissons des eaux douces de Madagascar et des iles voisines (Comores, Seychelles, Mascareignes). Memoires de l'Academie Malgache, Tananarive, 14, 1 - 223.","Fricke, R., Mahafina, J., Behivoke, F., Jaonalison, H., Leopold, M. & Ponton, D. (2018) Annotated checklist of the fishes of Madagascar, southwestern Indian Ocean, with 158 new records. FishTaxa, 3 (1), 1 - 432."]}

Hasan, Mohammad Eusuf, Hasan, Ariba, Béarez, Philippe, Shen, Kang-Ning, Chang, Chih-Wei, Tran, Thanh Thi Viet, Golani, Daniel, Al-Saboonchi, Azhar, Siddiqui, Pirzada Jamal Ahmed, Durand, Jean-Dominique (2022): Planiliza lauvergnii (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850), a senior synonym of Planiliza affinis (Günther, 1861) with a re-evaluation of keeled back mullets (Mugiliformes Mugilidae). Zootaxa 5194 (4): 497-518, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5194.4.2

Thieme, Philipp, Bogorodsky, Sergey V., Alpermann, Tilman J., Whitfield, Alan K., Freitas, Rui, Durand, Jean-Dominique (2022): Contributions to the taxonomy of the mugilid genus Chelon Artedi (Teleostei: Mugilidae), with a major review of the status of C. persicus Senou, Randall & Okiyama, 1995. Zootaxa 5188 (1): 1-42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5188.1.1

Chelon persicus Senou, Randall & Okiyama, 1995 Persian Mullet Figures 3–6, Tables 2 & 3 Chelon persicus Senou et al., 1995: 235 (species account without designation of type material)— Senou et al. 1996: 72 (Doha fish market, Qatar, Arabian/Persian Gulf; formal species description); Al-Jufaili et al. 2010: 32 (Arabian/Persian Gulf). Liza persicus — Carpenter et al. 1997: 203 (Arabian/Persian Gulf). Planiliza persicus — Eagderi et al. 2019: 87 (Arabian/Persian Gulf). Chelon sp. A — Durand & Borsa 2015: 8 (South Africa). Diagnosis (based on combined data from Senou et al. (1996) and present study). Second dorsal-fin rays 10; anal-fin rays 9–10 (usually 10); scales finely ctenoid, 33–36 in longitudinal series; predorsal scales with a single groove; caudal fin forked; upper lip with unicuspid, tiny, ciliform teeth in one row; ventral edge of preorbital notched at corner of mouth, posterior end of maxilla exposed when mouth closed; tip of pelvic fin is vertical to or behind origin of first dorsal fin; second vertebra with a pair of long, slightly curved, spine-like postzygapophyses; three short and three long unbranched pyloric caeca; pectoral-fin base silvery, without melanophores; reaches 275 mm SL. Material examined. SMF 35897 [sample tissue KAU13-123], 194.2 mm SL, [KAU13-124] 187.8 mm SL, [KAU13-125] 188.9 mm SL, [KAU13-135] 200.7 mm SL, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Al Wajh, lagoon, st 5, 13 June 2013; KAUMM 459 [KAU13-136], 172.0 mm SL, [KAU13-137] 188.4 mm SL, [KAU13-138] 170.5 mm SL, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Al Wajh, lagoon, st 5, 13 June 2013; SMF 35898 [sample tissue KAU13-427], 66.7 mm SL, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Al Wajh, lagoon, st 15, 15 June 2013; Qatar Museum uncat [sample tissue QG17-83], 260 mm SL, Arabian / Persian Gulf, Qatar, off Doha, 03 December 2017; Qatar Museum uncat [sample tissue QG17-115], 275 mm SL, Arabian / Persian Gulf, Qatar, off Doha, 10 December 2017; SAIAB 83180, 106.2 mm SL, Western Indian Ocean, South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal Province, Cape Vidal, 15 May 2007. Description (based on material examined). Body relatively elongate, body depth at origin of first dorsal fin 3.4–3.7 in SL and caudal peduncle compressed. Head depth equal to or greater than head width, head length 4.1–4.3 in SL. Snout relatively blunt, subequal to orbit diameter, eye diameter 3.3–4.8 in head length. First dorsal fin with IV spines, second fin with 9–10 (rarely 9) rays. Origin of first dorsal fin closer to base of caudal fin than to tip of snout. Origin of second dorsal fin above first quarter of anal fin. Anal fin with III spines and 10 rays. Pectoral-fin rays 15–17. Tip of pectoral fin not reaching vertical at origin of first dorsal fin and not behind tip of pelvic-fin spine. If laid forward, pectoral fin not reaching anterior edge of eye. Tip of pelvic fin vertical to or behind origin of first dorsal fin. Caudal fin forked. Three supraneurals present and one each positioned between neural spines of vertebrae two and three, four and five, and six and seven. A pair of postero-dorsally elongated, slightly curved, and spine-like postzygapophyses present on second vertebra. Anterior first dorsal fin pterygiophore positioned posterior to neural spine of seventh vertebra. Anterior pterygiophores of second dorsal as well as anal fin positioned anterior to neural and haemal spine of thirteenth vertebra, respectively. Three interdorsal pterygiophores present. Three short and three long unbranched pyloric caeca attached to stomach. Adipose eyelid covers only margins of eye; adipose tissue covers larger area anterior to eye reaching anterior nostril. Preorbital fills space between eye and mouth. Preorbital serrated along antero-ventral to posterior edge starting from above corner of mouth (Fig. 3). Ventral edge of preorbital notched at corner of mouth. Postero-ventral corner of preorbital slightly rounded or truncate and reaching vertical behind anterior edge of eye. Corner of mouth vertical below anterior edge of posterior nostril. Maxilla reaching below corner of mouth, its posterior tip sigmoidal and visible when mouth closed. One row of minute, unicuspid, ciliform teeth present on upper lip. Lower lip with thin edge, directed horizontally forward, and large symphysial knob. Body scales finely ctenoid (Fig. 4), 33–35 scales in longitudinal series. Scales in transverse rows 11–12, predorsal scales to origin of first dorsal fin 11–13, to origin of second dorsal fin 21–23, circumpeduncular scales 16–18 (Table 3). Predorsal scales anterior to first dorsal fin with single groove. Scales on head cycloid and arranged irregularly. Interorbital scales large, decreasing in size posteriorly. Dorsal scales on head forward to, or nearly to, posterior nostrils. Minute scales present on base of all fins, more prominent on the second dorsal, anal, caudal, and pectoral fins; covering approximately proximal third of first and second dorsal fin and anal fin. Two consecutive axillary scales lateral on each side of first dorsal fin, posterior axillary scales reaching behind base of last ray of first dorsal fin. Axillary scales also present lateral to origin of pelvic fin reaching about halfway along pelvic-fin spine. Very small axillary scale present above pectoral fin. ......continued on the next page Fish coloration shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Grey dorsally with greenish tinge, silvery below, without markings but with faint narrow grey stripes along centre of scale rows; pectoral-fin base silvery, without melanophores; caudal fin with narrow posterior black margin. Distribution and habitat. Currently known from scattered localities in the Western Indian Ocean, including the Arabian/Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Mozambique and South Africa (Fig. 2K). This species forms schools in shallow coastal waters, including lagoons and estuaries. Remarks. In the formal description of C. persicus it was noted that both the second dorsal and anal fin usually comprise nine fin rays (Table 3). In the specimens from this study, we counted ten fin rays (only one specimen has nine fin rays in the second dorsal fin). This difference may be due to the general assumption that the last fin ray constitutes one deeply bifurcate ray or double ray. However, osteological studies on mugilids showed that two fin rays with separate bases are present (Ghasemzadeh 2015; Thieme & Moritz 2020). We were also able to observe the separate bases in specimen SMF 35897 [KAU13-125]. The species name was first included in the monograph on coastal fishes of Oman (Randall 1995) accompanied by a species account (without designation of types), and was later formally described by Senou et al. (1996). We follow the former publication and subsequent Catalog of Fishes (Fricke et al. 2022) regarding the date of first mention of C. persicus. Comparisons. Chelon persicus can be distinguished from other Chelon species by the number of scales in the longitudinal series (33–36), while congeners have more than 40 scales except C. dumerili which has 34–39 and C. bandialensis which has 32–33 scales (Fischer et al. 1981; Thomson & Luther 1983; Harrison 2016). Chelon dumerili differs from C. persicus in having multiple grooves on its predorsal scales while C. persicus only has a single groove (Senou et al. 1996). Chelon persicus is externally similar to the sympatric Planiliza macrolepis (Smith, 1846) but differs by scales dorsally on the head reaching forward to posterior nostrils versus scales usually extending beyond anterior nostrils in P. macrolepis. Teeth on the upper lip of C. persicus are tiny and ciliform, usually without a second row, whereas for P. macrolepis the upper lip has an outer row of very small, well-spaced, peg-like teeth and an irregular inner row of small teeth, well separated from the outer row. The pectoral-fin base is whitish and unpigmented in C. persicus but pigmented with melanophores, often with a golden sheen, in P. macrolepis. Internally C. persicus differs from all other Chelon species in having a pair of long, spine-like postzygapophyses on the second vertebrae, instead of a pair of short and hook-like postzygapophyses. Chelon persicus also differs from C. auratus, C. bispinosus, C. labrosus and C. ramada by the presence of short and long pyloric caeca versus pyloric caeca of subequal length in these species., Published as part of Thieme, Philipp, Bogorodsky, Sergey V., Alpermann, Tilman J., Whitfield, Alan K., Freitas, Rui & Durand, Jean-Dominique, 2022, Contributions to the taxonomy of the mugilid genus Chelon Artedi (Teleostei: Mugilidae), with a major review of the status of C. persicus Senou, Randall & Okiyama, 1995, pp. 1-42 in Zootaxa 5188 (1) on pages 10-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5188.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7087323, {"references":["Senou, H., Randall, J. E. & Okiyama, M. (1995) Chelon persicus. In: Randall, J. E. (Ed.), Coastal fishes of Oman. Crawford House Publishing Pty Ltd Bathurst, Australia, p. 235.","Senou, H., Randall, J. E. & Okiyama, M. (1996) Chelon persicus, a new species of mullet (Perciformes, Mugilidae) from the Persian Gulf. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science), 25, 71 - 78.","Al-Jufaili, S. M., Hermosa, G., Al-Shuaily, S. S. & Al Mujaini, A. (2010) Oman fish biodiversity. Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Marine Science, 21, 3 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.4197 / Mar. 21 - 1.1","Carpenter, K., Krupp, F., Jones, D. & Zajonz, U. (1997) FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 293 pp.","Eagderi, S., Fricke, R., Esmaeili, H. R. & Jalili, P. (2019) Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf: Diversity and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 6, 1 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.22034 / iji. v 6 i 0.454","Durand, J. - D. & Borsa, P. (2015) Mitochondrial phylogeny of grey mullets (Acanthopterygii: Mugilidae) suggests high proportion of cryptic species. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 338, 266 - 277. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crvi. 2015.01.007","Ghasemzadeh, J. (2015) Musculoskeletal Anatomy of the Flathead Grey Mullet Mugil cephalus. In: Crosetti, D. & Blaber, S. J. (Eds.), Biology, ecology and culture of grey mullets (Mugilidae). CRC Press Boca Raton, USA, pp. 128 - 164.","Thieme, P. & Moritz, T. (2020) The osteology of the golden grey mullet Liza aurata (Teleostei: Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) including interactive three-dimensional reconstructions. Journal of Fish Biology, 96, 1320 - 1340. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 14281","Randall, J. E. (1995) Coastal fishes of Oman. Crawford House Publishing Pty Lid Bathurst, Australia, 439 pp.","Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (2022) Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Available from: http: // researcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp (accessed 21 st February 2022)","Fischer, W., Bianchi, G. & Scott, W. B. (1981) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic: fishing area 34 and part of 47 (Vol. 3), 325 pp.","Thomson, J. M. & Luther, C. (1983) Mugilidae. In: Fischer, W. & Bianchi, G. (Eds.), FAO Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy.","Harrison, I. J. (2016) Order Mugiliformes - Mugilidae. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, pp. 2077 - 2110."]}

Jacques-Olivier Boudon, Dictionnaire des évêques français du xixe siècle, Paris, Les Éditions du Cerf, 2021, 893 p., ISBN : 978-2-2041-4109-3 Cet ouvrage est le fruit de plus de trente années de recherches sur les évêques français du xixe siècle, de 1802 à 1905, ces évêques dits concordataires. Le premier fruit de l’intérêt porté par Jacques-Olivier Boudon à ces prélats - par ailleurs l’un des meilleurs spécialistes du Consulat et de l’Empire napoléonien – fut sa grande thèse préparée sous la...

Dans son dernier ouvrage, Henri Tincq qui fut journaliste en charge des questions religieuses au journal Le Monde (1985-2008), porta un regard désenchanté sur le catholicisme de sa jeunesse : « Nous sommes en train de perdre un héritage : celui des catholiques libéraux, des cathos sociaux, des “abbés démocrates”, des catholiques résistants sous l’Occupation ». Cet héritage se serait dissous au profit d’un catholicisme porteur de réflexes identitaires et “néoconservateurs” dont le mouvement de balancier pencherait désormais à droite. Bien que les récentes enquêtes sociologiques témoignent de l’éclatement du paysage catholique en France, accentuant une opposition déjà ancienne entre “libéraux” et “intransigeants” puis entre “progressistes” et “traditionnels”, un processus de “droitisation” du catholicisme semblerait s’opérer depuis deux décennies, dans ce qui constitue la longue histoire politique des catholiques français au XXe siècle. En prendre la mesure nécessite donc l’ouverture d’un vaste chantier historiographique, à l’image des recherches coordonnées par Denis Pelletier sur les “cathos de gauche”. Face à l’ampleur d’une telle entreprise, mobilisant aussi bien l’histoire des partis que la géographie électorale, ce volume propose une approche d’histoire sociale, culturelle et religieuse du politique, sous l’angle des droites et du catholicisme depuis la décennie “problématique” des années 1960. Cette réflexion tente de repérer les forces et les influences des réseaux, romains et transnationaux, sur lesquels s’appuie ce processus de “droitisation” du catholicisme, si tel était le cas, prioritairement à l’échelle d’une catholicité française mais aussi européenne et américaine. Et ce, en prenant en compte les réceptions, circulations et transferts repérables depuis les Amériques. Ici, transparaissent le rôle des communautés traditionnelles ou charismatiques, l’action des mouvements familiaux et des associations éducatives, l’influence des espaces de formation, de la presse, de l’édition et d’internet. Il demeure également les réseaux de mobilisation menés au sein même des structures partisanes marquées à droite mais aussi les figures classiques du publiciste, voire du polémiste, engagées dans le combat politico-religieux. In his last book, Henri Tincq, who was a journalist in charge of religious questions at the newspaper Le Monde (1985-2008), took a disenchanted look at the Catholicism of his youth: "We are losing a heritage: that of the liberal Catholics, the social Catholics, the 'abbés démocrates', the Catholics who resisted during the Occupation. This heritage would have dissolved to the benefit of a Catholicism that carries identity-based and "neo-conservative" reflexes, whose pendulum movement would now lean to the right. Although recent sociological surveys testify to the splintering of the Catholic landscape in France, accentuating an already long-standing opposition between "liberals" and "intransigents" and then between "progressives" and "traditionalists", a process of "right-wing" Catholicism would seem to have been taking place for two decades, in what constitutes the long political history of French Catholics in the 20th century. To take the measure of this process requires the opening of a vast historiographic project, like the research coordinated by Denis Pelletier on the "left-wing Catholics". Faced with the scope of such an undertaking, mobilizing both the history of parties and electoral geography, this volume proposes an approach to the social, cultural and religious history of politics, from the perspective of the right and Catholicism since the "problematic" decade of the 1960s. This reflection attempts to identify the forces and influences of the networks, both Roman and transnational, on which this process of "right-wing" Catholicism is based, if such was the case, primarily on the scale of French Catholicism, but also on the European and American levels. And this, by taking into account the receptions, circulations and transfers that can be identified from the Americas. Here, the role of traditional or charismatic communities, the action of family movements and educational associations, the influence of training spaces, the press, publishing and the Internet are all apparent. It also remains the networks of mobilization carried out within the partisan structures marked on the right but also the classic figures of the publicist, even the polemicist, engaged in the politico-religious combat.

Dans ce contexte, le cas italien, où l’engagement politique des catholiques a été incarné durant près de cinquante ans, de 1944 aux années 1990, par la Démocratie chrétienne, est assez emblématique d’une évolution conservatrice du catholicisme italien. Le parti démocrate-chrétien n’aurait-il été qu’un une parenthèse dans l’histoire du catholicisme en Italie ? Mais l’Italie offre un cas très particulier au regard des autres pays européens du fait de la présence sur son territoire du Saint-Siège ; Rome est tout à la fois capitale de l’État, et capitale de la catholicité ; le Pape est l’évêque de Rome, et il est Primat d’Italie, avec une autorité toute particulière sur les évêques de la péninsule. En même temps l’Italie du début du XXI° siècle, apparaît comme une des terres d’élection, et même un « laboratoire » de théories populistes qui tentent d’instrumentaliser la religion dans un pays où celle-ci occupe une place singulière. Pour comprendre l’évolution actuelle, il convient de retracer l’histoire complexe de la présence politique du catholicisme au XX° siècle à travers le fascisme, la guerre, la République dans une interaction permanente avec le Vatican. In this context, the Italian case, where the political commitment of Catholics was embodied for nearly fifty years, from 1944 to the 1990s, by the Christian Democracy, is quite emblematic of a conservative evolution of Italian Catholicism. Was the Christian Democrat party just a parenthesis in the history of Catholicism in Italy? But Italy offers a very particular case compared to other European countries because of the presence on its territory of the Holy See; Rome is at the same time the capital of the State and the capital of Catholicism; the Pope is the Bishop of Rome, and he is the Primate of Italy, with a very particular authority over the bishops of the peninsula. At the same time, Italy at the beginning of the 21st century appears to be one of the lands of choice, and even a "laboratory" for populist theories that tries to instrumentalize religion in a country where it occupies a unique place. In order to understand the current evolution, it is necessary to retrace the complex history of the political presence of Catholicism in the 20th century through fascism, war, and the Republic in a permanent interaction with the Vatican.