181 results on '"DROBAC, Milica"'
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2. Chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of Juglans nigra L. nut and green husk
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Rajković Katarina M., Drobac Milica, Milić Petar, Vučić Vesna, Arsić Aleksandra, Perić Mirijana, Radunović Milena, Jeremić Sanja, and Arsenijević Jelena
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black walnut ,candida albicans ,ellagic acid ,fatty acids ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Juglans nigra (Black walnut) is a source of health-supporting biologically active compounds used in traditional medicine. The investigation of bioactive compounds in black walnut could lead to its broader application, as well as to the application of its by-products. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize J. nigra nut and green husk based on chemical analysis of their petroleum ether and ethanol extracts obtained by ultrasonic and reflux extraction methods, respectively. Different extract fractions were tested for their antimicrobial activities using Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus) and yeast (reference strain and clinical isolates of Candida albicans). The ethanol extracts analysis, performed by high performance liquid chromatography, singled out the ellagic acid as the most dominant compound in nut ((55.0±1.3)×10-3 kg m-3) and green husk ((114.1±0.5)×10-3 kg m-3) extracts. Non-polar compounds were evaluated using gas chromatography analysis of petroleum ether extracts. Juglans nigra nut and green husk contained two saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0), then, monounsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic (C16:1n-7), oleic (C18:1n-9) and vaccenic acid (C18:1n-7), as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic (C18:2n- -6), γ-linolenic (C18:3n-6) and α-linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids. Ethanol extracts of both J. nigra nut and green husk showed antimicrobial activity against C. albicans, which is the most common cause of yeast infections.
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- 2023
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3. Chemosystematic evaluation of leaf and flower essential oils of eight Heracleum taxa from Southeastern Europe
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Niketić, Marjan, Drobac, Milica, and Petrović, Silvana
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- 2020
4. Optimization of extraction yield and chemical characterization of optimal extract from Juglans nigra L. leaves
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Rajković, Katarina M, Vasić, Marijana, Drobac, Milica, Mutić, Jelena, Jeremić, Sanja, Simić, Valentina, and Stanković, Jovan
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- 2020
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5. Safety aspects of herbal products containing compounds with a potential risk
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Drobac Milica M., Arsenijević Jelena S., and Marčetić Mirjana D.
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pyrrolizidine alkaloids ,coumarin ,thujone ,estragole ,asarone ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Certain herbal drugs and herbal drug preparations contain compounds with a potential risk of use, such as pyrrolyzidine alkaloids (in Comfrey root, Symphyti radix, Coltsfoot leaf, Farfarae folium, Butterbur root, Petasitidis rhizoma), coumarin (in the Cassia bark, Cassiae cortex, Melilot, Meliloti herba), estragole (in Basil, Basilici herba, bitter/sweet fennel, Foeniculi amari/dulcis fructus, Aniseed, Anisi fructus), thujone (in Sage leaf, Salviae officinalis folium, Wormwood, Absinthii herba) or asarone (in Sweet flag rhizome, Calami rhizoma). For these ingredients and herbal drugs/herbal drug preparations which contain them, there are acceptable, limited daily intakes as well as recommendations for duration of use. Since pharmacist plays a key role in advising patients on the use of herbal products, including those containing compounds with a potential risk, it is very important to know the characteristics and proper use of these herbal products.
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- 2019
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6. Evaluation of safety profile of the essential oils of eight Heracleum taxa (Apiaceae) related to determined furanocoumarin content
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Ušjak Ljuboš, Drobac Milica, Niketić Marjan, and Petrović Silvana
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heracleum ,essential oils ,furanocoumarins ,8-mop ,safety profile ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
For essential oils of roots, leaves, flowers and fruits of eight Heracleum taxa (H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii, H. verticillatum and H. orphanidis), we previously demonstrated antimicrobial, cytotoxic (selective to cancer cells) and/or antioxidant activities. In this work, for these essential oils maximum daily intake related to total furanocoumarins (FCs) content was estimated, according to Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products of European Medicines Agency (EMA/HMPC) recommendations. FCs were quantified using gas chromatography, and their sum equivalent to xanthotoxin (8-methoxypsoralen, 8-MOP) was calculated. It was shown that daily intake, not contributing significantly to overall risk (equivalent to intake of 1.5 mg FCs) for root essential oils was in the range of 1.94-5.23 mL, for fruit oils of 5.23-15.68 mL and for leaf or flower oils of 2.90-15.68 mL. Daily intake, not posing any unacceptable risk (equivalent to intake of 15 mg FCs) for root oils was in the range of 0.02-0.05 mL, for fruit oils of 0.05-0.16 mL and for leaf or flower oils of 0.03-0.16 mL. This work demonstrates the application of current EMA/HMPC recommendations, in order to establish safety profile of herbal preparations containing FCs.
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- 2019
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7. Anatomical analysis and phytochemical screening of Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur (Rhamnaceae)
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Arsenijević Jelena, Drobac Milica, Slavkovska Violeta, Kovačević Nada, and Lakušić Branislava
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Frangula rupestris ,stem ,bark ,leaves ,anatomy ,metabolites ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Frangula rupestris and F. alnus are the only two species of the genus Frangula in the flora of the Balkan Peninsula. Frangula alnus is well-known for anthranoid content, and its stem bark and fruits are widely used as laxatives. Data on anatomy, plant metabolites, and potential use of F. rupestris are scarce. In this work we analysed anatomy of the stem and leaves and performed phytochemical screening of the bark and leaves of F. rupestris. Specific anatomical characteristics of the stem include the presence of large mucilage cavities in the bark and pith, as well as numerous parenchyma cells containing solitary or cluster crystals of calcium oxalate. The majority of leaf epidermal cells are filled with mucilage. In the main leaf vein there is parenchyma with numerous mucilage cavities and solitary or cluster crystals of calcium oxalate. The levels of flavonoids, total phenolics, and tannins in bark and leaves of plants from two localities were determined by spectrophotometric methods, and the results were compared with those obtained for bark of F. alnus. Bark and leaves of F. rupestris contained 2.68-3.03% and 2.22-3.77% total phenolics, 1.70-2.10% and 0.57-1.54% tannins, and 0.12-0.36% and 0.57-0.99% flavonoids, respectively. The conducted HPLC and LC-MS analyses of hydromethanol extracts of bark and leaves of F. rupestris revealed the presence of flavonols. The dominant compound in all extracts was hyperoside and its content, determined by HPLC, ranged from 30.40 to 82.03 mg/g. Swelling indices determined for 0.5 g of plant material of F. rupestris bark and leaves (5.8-11.4 and 5.8-13.8) were higher than that of the bark of F. alnus (4.4) and greater than those of the mucilaginous drugs Althaeae folium and Althaeae radix (4.7-4.8). The high swelling indices of F. rupestris bark and (especially) leaves suggest their potential use as bulk-forming laxatives. In addition, differences in the content of metabolites were observed in plants from different localities.
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- 2018
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8. Thymus dacicus as a new source of antioxidant and antimicrobial metabolites
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Petrović, Silvana, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Milenković, Marina, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Drndarević, Aneta, and Niketić, Marjan
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- 2017
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9. Quality of selected aromatic herbal drugs available on Belgrade's marketplaces
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Drobac Milica, Arsenijević Jelena, Stojanović Danilo, Jančić Radiša, and Kovačević Nada
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herbal drug ,herbal tea ,quality control ,chemical analysis ,macroscopic and microscopic analysis ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Herbal drugs are often administered in the form of monocomponent teas or herbal tea mixtures (tea blends). In order to assess the quality of herbal drugs that are components of the monocomponent teas commercially available on marketplaces in Belgrade, we analyzed 4 samples of Melissa leaf (Melissae folium), 6 samples of Wild thyme, (Serpylli herba), 6 samples of Yarrow (Millefolii herba), 4 samples of Wormwood (Absinthii herba) and 6 samples of Juniper (Juniperi pseudo-fructus), according to the procedures given in European Pharmacopoea. Macroscopic and microscopic features of investigated herbal drugs, as well as their TLC profiles, were in agreement with corresponding data described in Ph. Eur. One sample of Melissa leaf, one sample of Wild thyme and two samples of Juniper, did not fullfil the requirements of general tests. Due to inappropriate size of cut, test on foreign matter could not be performed for some samples. Concerning specific quality, all samples of Melissa leaf, Wild thyme, Wormwood and Juniper were in accordance with Ph. Eur. Regarding the content of essential oil, Yarrow samples met the requirements of Ph. Eur., but the proazulenes content in five samples was lower than required. In conlcusion, the results of these analyses point to high medicinal potential of the most herbal drugs studied. On the other hand, unsatisfying general quality and inappropriate size of cut of several samples could be related to inadequate processing and handling of plant material.
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- 2017
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10. Chemical composition and spasmolytic activity of Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae) essential oil from Sudan
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Pavlović Ivan, Omar Eihab, Drobac Milica, Radenković Mirjana, Branković Suzana, and Kovačević Nada
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Cymbopogon schoenanthus ,essential oil composition ,piperitone ,spasmolytic activity ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The plants of genus Cymbopogon are well known for their use in traditional medicine and for their high content of essential oils that are widely used as flavoring agents, fragrances, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Essential oils isolated from the dried stems and inflorescence of cultivated Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae) collected from Khartoum state (Sudan) in two periods were studied. The results of chemical analysis of C. schoenanthus revealed that this plant is rich in essential oil which is a valuable source of the commercially important monoterpene, piperitone (47.7-71.5%). Other abundant constituents of the oils were intermedeol (6.1-17.3%), δ-2-carene (4.5-10.0%) and elemol (2.7-9.0%). The essential oil from the inflorescence was tested for spasmolytic activity using three different experimental models: against spontaneous contractions, contractions induced with acetylcholine and contractions induced with potassium chloride. The oil exhibited strong, significant and dose-dependent spasmolytic activity, indicating the possibility for further investigations of this essential oil for its medicinal purposes or application in food industry. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no.173021 and Grant no. III41018]
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- 2017
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11. Potential use of deodorised water extracts: polyphenol-rich extract of Thymus pannonicus All. as a chemopreventive agent
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Ćebović, Tatjana, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Živković, Jelena, Šoštarić, Ivan, and Maksimović, Zoran
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- 2017
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12. Attractiveness of essential oils of three Cymbopogon species to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults
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Đukić Nikola, Radonjić Anđa, Andrić Goran, Kljajić Petar, Drobac Milica, Omar Eihab, and Kovačević Nada
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essential oils ,cymbopogon ,red flour beetle ,behaviour ,repellency ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Behavior bioassays were conducted in the laboratory (23 ± 1°C and 50 ± 5% r.h.) using the olfactometer to determine the effects of essential oils of three plant species in the Cymbopogon genus (Lemongrass), Cymbopogon nervatus, C. proximus and C. schoenanthus, on adults of Tribolium castaneum. The effect of essential oils was compared to a commercial biopesticide based on azadirachtin at three concentrations (0.0001, 0.001 and 0.01%). The results showed that all essential oils and the azadirachtin-based biopesticide had significant (p
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- 2016
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13. Composition and antimicrobial activity of Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa, P. sativa subsp. urens and P. hirsuta essential oils
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, primary, Drobac, Milica, additional, Ivanov, Marija, additional, Soković, Marina, additional, Milenković, Marina T., additional, Niketić, Marjan, additional, and Petrović, Silvana, additional
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- 2022
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14. Edible wild plant Heracleum pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii as a potential new source of bioactive essential oils
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Ćirić, Ana, and Niketić, Marjan
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- 2017
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15. Vascular stents: The most important types and characteristics
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Drakul Dragana, Matić Predrag, Drobac Milica, Kostić Nađa, Vemić Ana, Vasiljević Dragana, and Malenović Anđelija
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vascular stents ,balloon-expandable stents ,self-expanding stents ,production materials ,restenosis ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Vascular stents are general medical devices of class III or IIb, which are placed along the walls of the constricted coronary and peripheral blood vessels thus keeping them viable. According to the mechanism of expansion, stents may be balloon-expandable or self-expanding. Depending on the geometry they can be classified into: coil stents, open-cell modular stents and multi-cell closed cell stents. The most important characteristic of vascular stents is their flexibility, but a number of additional requirements must also be met: high radial strength, low elastic deformation, small diameter, the possibility of monitoring through the bloodstream, minimum subsequent shortening, minimum elastic longitudinal deformation, and the optimal retention at target site. Materials for production of stents must be biologically inert, visible by radiological techniques, biocompatible, corrosion-resistant and resistant to stress due to blood flow. The most significant adverse event after stent implantation is the occurrence of restenosis, which is most efficiently overcome by the application of drug releasing stents. These stents are composed of three parts: stent platform, drug carrier and a drug that inhibits neointimal hyperplasia - paclitaxel and limuses (sirolimus, everolimus, zotarolimus, tacrolimus, pimecrolimus, etc.). In recent years, stents with surfaces coated with substances that accelerate endothelialisation and thus reduce thrombosis have been developed. The latest approach is represented by a stent with the lumen coated with CD34 antibody, and the outer side coated with sirolimus. By using these devices a double effect is achieved: acceleration of endothelialisation and inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia.
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- 2014
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16. Composition and antimicrobial activity of Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa, P. sativa subsp. urens and P. hirsuta essential oils.
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Ivanov, Marija, Soković, Marina, Milenković, Marina T., Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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CANDIDA , *ESSENTIAL oils , *PARSNIP , *ANTI-infective agents , *CARROTS , *VEGETABLE oils , *SALMONELLA typhimurium - Abstract
Composition and antimicrobial activity of root, leaf, stem, flower and fruit essential oils from cultivated Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa, and its two wild-growing relatives P. sativa subsp. urens and P. hirsuta (Apiaceae) were investigated. Twenty-nine hydrodistilled essential oils of plants from different localities and/or years were analysed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Dominant in root oils was myristicin (P. sativa) or apiole (P. hirsuta), in leaf and stem oils myristicin (cultivated plants) or γ-palmitolactone (wild-growing plants) and in flower and fruit oils aliphatic esters. Multivariate statistics (PCA, nMDS, UPGMA clustering) generally revealed separation of oils of investigated Pastinaca taxa and demonstrated their chemosystematic significance. One oil per each organ of all three plants (fifteen in total) was tested using microdilution method for activity against Candida tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium and Enterobacter cloacae; MIC = 0.25–8 mg/mL, MBC(MFC) = 0.5–16 mg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Composition, antimicrobial, antiradical and spasmolytic activity of Ferula heuffelii Griseb. ex Heuffel ( Apiaceae) essential oil
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Pavlović, Ivan, Petrović, Silvana, Radenković, Mirjana, Milenković, Marina, Couladis, Maria, Branković, Suzana, Drobac, Milica Pavlović, and Niketić, Marjan
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- 2012
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18. Comparison of phenolic profiles of Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. and Satureja montana L. (Lamiaceae)
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Arsenijević, Jelena, Slavkovska, Violeta, Drobac, Milica, Stojanović, Danilo, Zbiljić, Miloš, and Kovačević, Nada
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Satureja montana ,Satureja kitaibelii ,phenolic acids - Abstract
Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. (Rtanj tea) has distinct morphology and distribution which separate it from highly polymorphic S. montana L. In this work, we investigated phenolic composition of S. kitaibelii and compared it to that of S. montana. Flowering aerial parts of four S. kitaibelii samples were collected in Serbia and Bulgaria and one commercial sample of Rtanj tea was obtained from Serbia. Three samples of S. montana were collected in North Macedonia and Serbia and the fourth one was cultivated sample. Herbs were extracted with 50% ethanol. Dry extract solutions were analyzed by liquid chromatography with UV and MS detection. Rosmarinic acid (RA) and clinopodic acid O (CAO) were quantified using RA as the external standard. All extracts were characterized by presence of phenolic acids, RA (16.5-47.9 mg/g) and CAO (1.6-29.3 mg/g, calculated as RA), and flavonoids. The extracts of S. kitaibelii distinguished by high contents of both RA and CAO, which were present in similar quantities within each extract. On the other hand, extracts of S. montana contained at least 3 times less CAO than RA. The obtained results further confirm distinct properties of S. kitaibelii and give additional arguments to its status as a separate species. 14th Symposium on the Flora of Southeastern Serbia and Neighboring Regions, Kladovo, 26th to 29th June 2022
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- 2022
19. Awareness of patients in the city of Belgrade about herbal products
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Jovanović, Aleksandar, Stefanović-Vojinović, Jelena, Kukić-Marković, Jelena, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, and Tadić, Ivana
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public pharmacy ,herbal products ,patients - Abstract
The use of medicinal plants has significant impact on human health (1,2). Approximately 13.000 medicinal plants are used worldwide (1), and in developing countries 65-80% of the population uses them for medicinal purposes (2). The aim of the study was to examine the awareness of patients in the city of Belgrade about herbal products. Quantitative, non-experimental research was conducted using a purpose-built questionnaire in public pharmacies during February 2020. The survey involved 954 respondents, mostly women (66.5%); 39.1% of respondents aged 20-40 years. Most of the respondents were employed (65.2%), with secondary school education (45.2%). The vast majority (97.3%) used medicinal plants/herbal products, mostly occasionally, as needed (38.4%). The main motive for their use was health improvement (75.2%), while 16.2% used them to treat diseases. The primary sources of information on medicinal plants/herbal products are pharmacists (45.1%) and the media (24.2%). About a third of the respondents (37.3%) stated that they knew the difference between herbal medicinal products and dietary supplements. 52.9% of respondents claimed that herbal medicinal products are effective, but less than synthetic drugs, while 61.5% claimed that they are safe, but with certain side effects. A third of respondents (32.9%) had difficulty understanding instructions for use and they needed additional explanations. Majority (70.6%) received advice from a pharmacist when buying a herbal product. Pharmacists are health professionals who have adequate knowledge of medicinal plants/herbal products and have a key role in advising patients in order to implement the proper use of herbal medicinal and other herbal products. References 1. Capasso F, Gaginella TS, Grandolini G, Izzo AA. Phytotherapy: a quick reference to herbal medicine. Springer Science & Business Media. 2003. 2. Palhares RM, Gonçalves Drummond M, dos Santos Alves Figueiredo Brasil B, Pereira Cosenza G, das Graças Lins Brandão M, Oliveira G. Medicinal plants recommended by the World Health Organization: DNA barcode identification associated with chemical analyses guarantees their quality. PloS one. 2015;10(5), e0127866. Acknowledgements This research was conducted with help and support of Pharmacy „Lilly Drogerie“ and funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia through Grant Agreement with University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy No: 451-03-68/2022-14/200161. Primena lekovitih biljaka ima značajan uticaj na ljudsko zdravlje (1,2). U svetu se koristi oko 13 000 lekovitih biljaka (1), a u zemljama u razvoju 65-80% populacije ih primenjuje u medicinske svrhe (2). Cilj rada bio je ispitivanje informisanosti pacijenata na teritoriji grada Beograda o biljnim proizvodima. Sprovedeno je kvantitativno, neeksperimentalno istraživanje pomoću namenski kreiranog upitnika u javnim apotekama tokom februara 2020. godine. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 954 ispitanika, od koji 66,5% ženskog pola; 39,1% starosti 20-40 godina. Većina je bila zaposlena (65,2%), sa srednjoškolskim obrazovanjem (45,2%). Najveći broj ispitanika (97,3%) je koristio lekovite biljke/biljne proizvode i to uglavnom povremeno, po potrebi (38,4%). Glavni motiv za njihovo korišćenje bio je poboljšanje zdravlja (75,2%), dok ih je 16,2% koristilo za lečenje. Ispitanici su se o delovanju i upotrebi lekovitih biljaka/biljnih proizvoda uglavnom informisali od farmaceuta u apotekama (45,1%) i putem medija (24,2%). Oko trećine ispitanika (37,3%) je navelo da zna razliku između biljnih lekovitih proizvoda i dijetetskih suplemenata. Da su biljni lekoviti proizvodi efikasni, ali manje od sintetskih lekova, smatralo je 52,9% ispitanika, dok je 61,5% smatralo da su oni bezbedni za upotrebu, ali sa mogućim neželjenim efektima. Trećina anketiranih (32,9%) imala je poteškoće da razume uputstva za upotrebu biljnih proizvoda, te su im bila potrebna dodatna objašnjenja. Najveći deo ispitanika (70,6%) dobijao je savet farmaceuta pri kupovini biljnog proizvoda. Farmaceuti su zdravstveni profesionalci koji poseduju adekvatna znanja o lekovitim biljkama/biljnim proizvodima i imaju ključnu ulogu u savetovanju pacijenata u cilju sprovođenja pravilne primene biljnih lekovitih i drugih biljnih proizvoda. VIII Kongres farmaceuta Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 12-15.10.2022, Beograd
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- 2022
20. Heracleum ternatum from Mt. Durmitor: furanocoumarins, polyphenols and antioxidant activity of leaf and flower extracts
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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In this work, composition and antioxidant activity of dry dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Heracleum ternatum Velen. (Apiaceae) leaves and flowers from Mt Durmitor (Montenegro) were investigated. Using LC-MS, five furanocoumarins were identified in leaf dichloromethane extract (accounting for 23.00 mg/g of dry extract) and eight in flower dichloromethane extract (60.47 mg/g). Dominant in leaf extract was heraclenin (11.64 mg/g), followed by imperatorin (5.90 mg/g), and in flower extract heraclenol (17.55 mg/g), followed by heraclenin (15.04 mg/g). LC-MS analysis revealed eight flavonol glycosides in leaf methanol extract (accounting for 16.18 mg/g of dry extract) and 11 in flower methanol extract (65.82 mg/g), as well as chlorogenic acid in both extracts (4.72 mg/g and trace, respectively). Among detected flavonoids, dominant was quercetin 7-O-rhamnosyl 3-O-glucoside (vincetoxicoside A; 7.95 and 16.77 mg/g), followed by biosides and triosides of kaempferol and methylquercetin. Content of total polyphenols, determined spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, was 87.29 and 98.12 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of dry methanol extracts. Among methanol extracts, polyphenol richer flower extract showed higher, spectrophotometrically determined, total antioxidant and anti-DPPH activities compared to leaf extract (FRAP=0.80 and 0.65 mmol Fe2+/g; DPPH SC50=83.12 and 90.95 μg/mL). Dichloromethane extracts showed lower anti-DPPH activity (SC50=860.58 and 515.76 μg/mL). 14th Symposium on the Flora of Southeastern Serbia and Neighboring Regions, Kladovo, 26th to 29th June 2022
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- 2022
21. Comparison of efficiency of eutectic mixture and conventional solvents for the extraction of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives from the herb of Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. (Lamiaceae)
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Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Slavkovska, Violeta, Dabetić, Nevena, Marcic, Christophe, Kovačević, Nada, and Ražić, Slavica
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Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs), such are dimeric rosmarinic acid (RA) and higher HCA oligomers, are important active constituents of Lamiaceae plants. It was found that herb of Satureja kitaibelii (Rtanj tea) contains substantial amounts of RA and HCA hexamer clinopodic acid O (CAO) (1). In this work, we compared extracting efficiencies of conventional solvents and a deep eutectic solvent, composed of choline chloride and citric acid (ChCl:CitrA), for extraction of RA and CAO from Rtanj tea. Commercial Rtanj tea sample was extracted (1:10) by sonication (room temperature, 60 min) with aqueous ChCl:CitrA (35% and 65%), ethanol 50%, ethanol 96%, and water, as well as by previously optimized procedure (ethanol 46%, digestion 60 °C, 120 min) (1). Contents of RA and CAO were determined by HPLC using RA as external standard. Extraction with ChCl:CitrA and 50% ethanol resulted in extracts rich in RA and CAO; RA concentrations in these extracts were uniform (848-873 μg/mL), while extraction of CAO was slightly more effective with ChCl:CitrA (1122-1131 μg/mL) than with 50% ethanol (925 μg/mL). These extracts contained significantly more of RA and CAO than the extract obtained under optimized conditions (666 μg/mL RA, 725 μg/mL CAO). Differently, 96% ethanol and water extracts contained substantially less RA (11-217 μg/mL) and CAO (4-10 μg/mL). Obtained results indicate potential of applied eutectic solvent in extraction of Rtanj tea, for purpose of both quality control and preparation of extracts with potential application in pharmaceutical, food or cosmetic industry, and are compliant with “green chemistry” and “green pharmacy” principles. Derivati hidroksicimetne kiseline (HCK), kao što su dimerna rozmarinska kiselina (RK) i viši oligomeri HCK, su aktivni sastojci biljaka familije Lamiaceae. Ranije je ustanovljeno da herba Satureja kitaibelii (rtanjski čaj) sadrži značajne količine RK i heksamera HCK klinopodinske kiseline O (KKO) (1). U radu je upoređena ekstrakciona efikasnost konvencionalnih rastvarača i duboke eutektičke smeše na bazi holin hlorida i limunske kiseline (ChCl:CitrA) za ekstrakciju RK i KKO iz rtanjskog čaja. Komercijalni uzorak rtanjskog čaja ekstrahovan je (1:10) postupkom sonikacije na sobnoj temperaturi tokom 60 min vodenim rastvorima ChCl:CitrA (35% i 65%), etanolom 50%, etanolom 96% i vodom, kao i prethodno optimizovanim postupkom (etanol 46%, digestija na 60 °C, 120 min) (1). Sadržaj RK i KKO određen je HPLC metodom, korišćenjem RK kao eksternog standarda. Ekstrakcija primenom ChCl:CitrA i 50% etanola rezultirala je ekstraktima bogatim RK i KKO, pri čemu su koncentracije RK u ovim ekstraktima bile ujednačene (848-873 μg/mL), dok je za ekstrakciju KKO, ChCl:CitrA bila nešto efikasnija (1122-1131 μg/mL) od 50% etanola (925 μg/mL). Pored toga, ovi ekstrakti su sadržali veće količine RK i KKO od ekstrakta dobijenog pod ranije optimizovanim uslovima (666 μg/mL RK, 725 μg/mL KKO). Sa druge strane, ekstrakti dobijeni 96% etanolom i vodom sadržali su znatno manje količine RK (11-217 μg/mL) i KKO (4-10 μg/mL). Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na potencijal primenjene eutektičke smeše u ekstrakciji rtanjskog čaja, kako u cilju kontrole kvaliteta, tako i za pripremu ekstrakata sa primenom u farmaceutskoj, prehrambenoj i kozmetičkoj industriji, što je u skladu sa principima “zelene hemije” i “zelene farmacije”. VIII Kongres farmaceuta Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 12-15.10.2022. Beograd
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- 2022
22. In vitro and in silico investingation of antimicrobial activity of essential oils from two Pastinaca sativa subspecies
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Ivanov, Marija, Soković, Marina, Milenković, Marina, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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microdilution method ,Pastinaca sativa subsp. urens ,Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa ,molecular docking ,essential oils - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cultivated parsnip (Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa L., Apiaceae) root is a well-known vegetable, common ingredient of soups, stews, salads, casseroles etc. Besides, its leaves and young shoots can be added to soups and fruits are used as a condiment. Furthermore, young shoots of wild-growing parsnips, e.g. P. sativa subsp. urens (Req. ex Godr.) Čelak., are consumed pickled or in salads or soups and it is considered that their essential oil acts as a natural preservative. OBJECTIVES: To investigate and compare the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils obtained from the roots, leaves, stems, flowers and fruits of cultivated P. sativa subsp. sativa and wild-growing P. sativa subsp. urens collected in Serbia. Furthermore, the most active essential oil constituents (against the most susceptible microorganisms) were predicted in silico. METHOD / DESIGN: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBCs/MFCs) of the essential oils (isolated by hydrodistillation using Clevenger-type apparatus) were determined by microdilution method against three Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 11632, Bacillus cereus clinical isolate and Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 7973, three Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311 and Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 35030, three Candida standard strains: C. albicans ATCC 10231, C. tropicalis ATCC 750 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, and three Candida isolates from oral cavity: C. albicans 475/15, C. krusei H1/16 and C. glabrata 4/6/15. Pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds present in at least one oil in the quantity ≥ 1% (determined by GC-FID and GC-MS) were initially evaluated using SwissADME web tool and molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 (interactions were visualized using Discovery Studio Visualizer 2019). RESULTS: All the investigated essential oils of the two Pastinaca sativa subspecies were able to reduce the growth of different tested Candida strains (MIC range 0.25-2 mg/mL; MFC range 0.5-4 mg/mL). The most promising activity was observed for both root oils (MIC range 0.25-1 mg/mL; MFC range 0.5-2 mg/mL). Among investigated Candida strains, C. parapsilosis strain was the most sensitive to these essential oils (MIC range 0.25-1 mg/mL; MFC range 0.5-2 mg/mL). The antibacterial activity of the tested essential oils was lower compared to their anticandidal potential (MIC range 1-4 mg/mL; MBC range 2-8 mg/mL). Thirty compounds were present in at least one oil in the quantity ≥ 1%. Estimation of pharmacokinetic properties using SwissADME tool suggested that 23 of these compounds are inhibitors of some of the cytochrome P450 system isoenzymes. This fact led to assumption that they could also act against fungal sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), which is a common target of antifungal drugs (e.g., ketoconazole). Thus, the compounds (3D structures downloaded from PubChem) were docked to the active site of this enzyme (downloaded from Protein Data Bank, PDB code 5TZ1). The highest affinities were predicted for sesquiterpenes caryophyllene oxide, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrene D, α-copaene, β-bourbonene and δ-cadinene (free binding energies from -9.4 to -8.7 kcal/mol; ketoconazole -11.6 kcal/mol). These compounds were present in somewhat lower quantities in the essential oils (≤ 9.9%). For dominant compounds of the tested essential oils, e.g. myristicin, γ-palmitolactone and octyl butanoate a bit lower affinities were predicted (free binding energies from -7.3 to -5.8 kcal/mol). Tested compounds mostly docked near the heme of the enzyme and formed hydrophobic interactions with the amino acid residues of the active site. According to SwissADME tool, four of five most active compounds have low absorption from gastrointestinal tract and higher skin permeation value, while caryophyllene oxide and three dominant compounds have high absorption and lower skin permeation value (similarly to ketoconazole). CONCLUSIONS: Investigated parsnips represent sources of essential oils and compounds with anticandidal activity. The International Bioscience Conference and the 8th International PSU – UNS Bioscience Conference - IBSC2021, Novi Sad, 25th to 26th November 2021
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- 2021
23. Chemical composition and chemosystematic evaluation of the fruit and root headspace fractions of selected Heracleum taxa from southeastern Europe
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Usjak, Ljubos, primary, Drobac, Milica, additional, Niketic, Marjan, additional, and Petrovic, Silvana, additional
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- 2022
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24. The anatomy and essential oil composition of the different organs of Pimpinella tragium and P. saxifraga (Apiaceae)
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Slavkovska, Violeta, primary, Zlatkovic, Bojan, additional, Marcetic, Mirjana, additional, Kovacevic, Nada, additional, and Drobac, Milica, additional
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- 2022
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25. Composition and antimicrobial activity of Pastinaca sativasubsp. sativa, P. sativasubsp. urensand P. hirsutaessential oils
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Ivanov, Marija, Soković, Marina, Milenković, Marina T., Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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ABSTRACTComposition and antimicrobial activity of root, leaf, stem, flower and fruit essential oils from cultivated Pastinaca sativasubsp. sativa, and its two wild-growing relatives P. sativasubsp. urensand P. hirsuta(Apiaceae) were investigated. Twenty-nine hydrodistilled essential oils of plants from different localities and/or years were analysed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Dominant in root oils was myristicin (P. sativa) or apiole (P. hirsuta), in leaf and stem oils myristicin (cultivated plants) or γ-palmitolactone (wild-growing plants) and in flower and fruit oils aliphatic esters. Multivariate statistics (PCA, nMDS, UPGMA clustering) generally revealed separation of oils of investigated Pastinacataxa and demonstrated their chemosystematic significance. One oil per each organ of all three plants (fifteen in total) was tested using microdilution method for activity against Candida tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, SalmonellaTyphimurium and Enterobacter cloacae; MIC = 0.25–8 mg/mL, MBC(MFC) = 0.5–16 mg/mL.
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- 2023
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26. Polyphenol rich extracts of Geranium L. species as potential natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents
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Ilić, Milan, Samardžić, Stevan, Kotur-Stevuljević, Jelena, Ušjak, Dušan, Milenković, Marina, Kovačević, Nada, and Drobac, Milica
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Polyphenols ,Antimicrobial ,Antioxidant ,Geranium species - Abstract
Plants and plant extracts are of great scientific interest due to the chemical diversity and pharmacological properties of present bioactive molecules. The Geranium L . species are widely used in ethnomedicine. In the current study, the total phenolic and tannin content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts of eight Geranium species were investigated.
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- 2021
27. Polyphenolic composition of commercial samples of rtanj tea
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Arsenijević, Jelena, Marčetić, Mirjana, Drobac, Milica, Slavkovska, Violeta, and Kovačević, Nada
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Rtanj’s tea infusion is often used to relieve respiratory, urinary and other ailments, as well as a tonic or a beverage. Commercially available Rtanj tea represents a herb obtained mainly from wild plants. As a biological source manufacturers list several species of the genus Satureja L., i.e. Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff., S. montana L. and S. hortensis L. This diversity may affect the composition of infusions, their effects and organoleptic features. In this work, we investigated the polyphenolic profile of infusions (2 g/100 mL) prepared from seven commercially available samples of Rtanj tea. The LC-MS method was used to identify polyphenols as well as to determine the content of marker compounds, rosmarinic acid (RA) and clinopodic acid O (CAO), by using linear regression of rosmarinic acid as an external standard. The content of total polyphenols was determined by the spectrophotometric method based on the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction, and the results were expressed in gallic acid (GA) equivalents/L of infusion. LC-MS analysis revealed that the qualitative composition of the tested infusions was very similar. Based on the UV and MS data, phenolic acids were identified in the infusions, of which RA and/or CAO were the dominant compounds, as well as flavonoids, among which luteolin heteroside prevailed. On the other hand, infusions differed in quantitative composition. The content of total polyphenols varied between 118.3 and 476.2 mg/L GA, the content of RA 19.5–129.5 mg L, while the content of CAO in infusions was 13.9–72.3 mg/L, calculated as RA. Higher content of total polyphenols and RA was determined in the infusions of the samples in the form of filter bags than those found in the form of non-comminuted herb. In addition, it was observed that the origin of plant material had an impact on the quantity ratio between RA and CAO. The results obtained in this study indicate the importance of the selection of the biological source and its correct identification, as well as the primary processing of the herb on the composition of the infusions. Rtanjski čaj se često upotrebljava u obliku infuza za ublažavanje respiratornih, urinarnih i drugih tegoba, kao tonik ili napitak [1]. Komercijalno dostupni rtanjski čaj predstavlja herbu dobijenu uglavnom od samoniklih biljaka, a kao biološki izvor proizvođači navode različite vrste roda Satureja L. (fam. Lamiaceae), Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff., S. montana L. i S. hortensis L., što može imati uticaj na sastav infuza, njegove efekte i organoleptičke karakteristike. U ovom radu ispitan je polifenolni profil infuza (2 g/100 mL) pripremljenih od sedam komercijalno dostupnih uzoraka rtanjskog čaja. LC-MS metodom izvršena je identifikacija polifenola kao i određivanje sadržaja marker jedinjenja, rozmarinske kiseline (RK) i klinopodinske kiseline O (KKO), primenom linearne regresije korišćenjem rozmarinske kiseline kao eksternog standarda. Spektrofotometrijskom metodom na bazi Folin‐Ciocalteu reakcije određen je sadržaj ukupnih polifenola, a rezultati su izraženi u ekvivalentima galne kiseline (GA)/L infuza. LC-MS analizom ustanovljeno je da je kvalitativni sastav ispitivanih infuza međusobno vrlo sličan. U infuzima su, na osnovu UV i MS podataka, identifikovane fenolkarboksilne kiseline, od kojih su RK i/ili KKO dominantna jedinjenja, kao i flavonoidi, među kojima se ističe prisustvo heterozida luteolina. Sa druge strane, infuzi su se međusobno razlikovali u kvantitativnom sastavu. Sadržaj ukupnih polifenola varirao je između 118,3 i 476,2 mg GA/L, sadržaj RK 19,5–129,5 mg/L, dok je sadržaj KKO u infuzima iznosio 13,9–72,3 mg/L, računato kao RK. Veći sadržaj ukupnih polifenola i RK određen je u infuzima uzoraka u obliku filter vrećica nego onih koji se nalaze u obliku neusitnjene herbe. Pored toga, može se uočiti da poreklo biljnog materijala ima uticaj na međusobni odnos RK i KKO. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom ispitivanju ukazuju na značaj odabira biološkog izvora, njegove pravilne identifikacije i primarne prerade herbe na sastav infuza. Drugi naučni simpozijum Saveza farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 28. 10. 2021. Beograd
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- 2021
28. Ispitivanje polifenola, furanokumarina i antioksidantne aktivnosti ekstrakata listova i cvasti Heracleum sibiricum (Apiaceae)
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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Velika mečja šapa, Heracleum sibiricum L. (Apiaceae), autohtona je u severnoj, istočnoj i centralnoj Evropi, kao i na Balkanskom poluostrvu i u Sibiru (1). Infuz pripremljen od nadzemnih delova ove biljke se u narodnoj medicini na Balkanskom poluostrvu koristi kao aperitiv i za tretman dijareje i drugih gastrointestinalnih tegoba (2). Prethodna ispitivanja H. sibiricum nisu uključivala analizu polifenola, dok su furanokumarini do sada analizirani u korenu, plodovima i listovima (1, 3). Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje hemijskog sastava i antioksidantne aktivnosti metanolnih i dihlormetanskih ekstrakata listova i cvasti ove biljke. Osušen biljni materijal (sakupljen na Staroj Planini u Srbiji u julu 2014. god.) ekstrahovan je sukcesivno dihlormetanom i metanolom (u oba slučaja bimaceracijom 72+48 h, sa odnosom droga rastvarač 1:10 m/V). Rastvarači su uklonjeni pod sniženim pritiskom. Hemijski sastav dobijenih suvih ekstrakata analiziran je LC-MS metodama. Dodatno, u slučaju metanolnih ekstrakata spektrofotometrijski je utvrđen sadržaj ukupnih polifenola pomoću Folin‐Ciocalteu reagensa. Antioksidantna aktivnost metanolnih ekstrakata ispitana je spektrofotometrijskim FRAP i DPPH testovima, a dihlormetanskih ekstrakata DPPH testom. LC-MS analiza pokazala je da su suvi metanolni ekstrakti listova i cvasti bili vrlo slični. U njima su određene značajne količine heterozida kvercetina i kemferola (154,30 i 144,20 mg/g suvog ekstrakta). Najzastupljeniji su bili vincetoksikozid A (kvercetin 7-O-ramnozil 3-O-glukozid; 26,83 i 29,61 mg/g), kemferitrin (kemferol 3,7-di-O-ramnozid; 33,62 i 34,68 mg/g) i jedan kvercetin dezoksiheksozil dezoksiheksozid (69,06 i 79,91 mg/g). U ekstraktu listova detektovano je još šest, a u ekstraktu cvasti još pet heterozida ovih flavonola. Takođe, u oba ekstrakta identifikovana je hlorogenska kiselina (19,31 i 4,12 mg/g). Spektrofotometrijski utvrđen sadržaj ukupnih polifenola iznosio je 126,08 i 125,33 mg ekvivalenata galne kiseline/g. U suvom dihlormetanskom ekstraktu listova LC-MS metodom detektovane su male količine furanokumarina izopimpinelina i bergaptena (ukupno 0,22 mg/g suvog ekstrakta), čije je prisustvo i ranije utvrđeno (3). U ekstraktu cvasti, pored dva navedena, identifikovano je još šest furanokumarina i svi su takođe bili prisutni u malim količinama (ukupno 20,07 mg/g); najzastupljeniji je bio bergapten (4,84 mg/g), a po količini ga je sledio biakangelikol (3,29 mg/g). Ukupna antioksidantna aktivnost suvih metanolnih ekstrakata listova i cvasti (FRAP vrednosti 1,08 i 0,94 mmol Fe2+/g), kao i antiradikalska aktivnost (DPPH SC50 vrednosti 64,10 i 64,77 μg/mL) bile su u korelaciji sa sadržajem ukupnih polifenola. Anti-DPPH aktivnost suvih dihlormetanskih ekstrakata bila je očekivano niža (SC50 vrednosti 636,19 i 790,20 μg/mL). Može se zaključiti da listovi i cvasti H. sibiricum predstavljaju nove izvore jedinjenja sa poznatom antioksidantnom aktivnošću. Siberian cow parsnip, Heracleum sibiricum L. (Apiaceae), is autochthonous to northern, eastern and central Europe, Balkan Peninsula and Siberia (1). Infusion prepared from aerial parts of this plant is used in folk medicine on Balkan Peninsula as aperitif and to treat diarrhea and other gastrointestinal complaints (2). Previous studies of H. sibiricum have not included polyphenol analysis, while furanocoumarins were analyzed in roots, fruits and leaves (1, 3). In this work, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of methanol and dichloromethane extracts obtained from leaves and flowers of this plant were investigated. Dried plant material, collected on Mts Stara Planina (Serbia) in July 2014, was extracted successively with dichloromethane and methanol (in both cases by bimaceration 72+48 h; drug/solvent=1:10 w/V). Solvents were removed under reduced pressure. The composition of obtained dry extracts was analyzed by LC-MS methods. Additionally, for methanol extracts, total phenolics contents were determined spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts was tested by spectrophotometric FRAP and DPPH assays, and of dichloromethane extracts by DPPH assay. LC-MS analysis showed that investigated leaf and flower dry methanol extracts were very similar. In both extracts, significant amounts of quercetin and kaempferol glycosides (154.30 and 144.20 mg/g of dry extract) were determined. Dominant were vincetoxicoside A (quercetin 7-O-rhamnosyl 3-O-glucoside; 26.83 and 29.61 mg/g), kaempferitrin (kaempferol 3,7-di-O-rhamnoside; 33.62 and 34.68 mg/g) and one quercetin deoxyhexosyl deoxyhexoside (69.06 and 79.91 mg/g). Six more glycosides of these flavonols were detected in the leaf extract and five more in the flower extract. Also, chlorogenic acid (19.31 and 4.12 mg/g) was identified in both extracts. Spectrophotometrically determined total phenolics contents were 126.08 and 125.33 mg gallic acid equivalents/g. In the leaf dry dichloromethane extract, by LC-MS method, small amounts of furanocoumarins isopimpinellin and bergapten were detected (totally 0.22 mg/g of dry extract). Their presence was also previously shown (3). In the flower extract, besides these two, six more furanocoumarins were identified; all present in small amounts (totally 20.07 mg/g). The most abundant was bergapten (4.84 mg/g), followed by byakangelicol (3.29 mg/g). Total antioxidant (FRAP values 1.08 and 0.94 mmol Fe2+/g) and antiradical activities (DPPH SC50 values 64.10 and 64.77 μg/mL) of the leaf and flower dry methanol extracts were correlated with their total phenolics contents. Anti-DPPH activities of the dry dichloromethane extracts were expectedly lower (SC50 values 636.19 and 790.20 μg/mL). Heracleum sibiricum leaves and flowers represent new sources of compounds with known antioxidant activity. Drugi naučni simpozijum Saveza farmaceutskih udruženja Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 28. 10. 2021. Beograd
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- 2021
29. Antihyperalgesic and Antiedematous Activities of Bisabolol-Oxides-Rich Matricaria Oil in a Rat Model of Inflammation
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Tomić, Maja, Popović, Višnja, Petrović, Silvana, Stepanović-Petrović, Radica, Micov, Ana, Pavlović-Drobac, Milica, and Couladis, Maria
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- 2014
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30. Chemical Composition of Volatiles of Eight Geranium L. Species from Vlasina Plateau (South Eastern Serbia)
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Ilić, Milan D., Ilić, Milan D., Marčetić, Mirjana, Zlatković, Bojan K., Lakušić, Branislava, Kovačević, Nada, Drobac, Milica, Ilić, Milan D., Ilić, Milan D., Marčetić, Mirjana, Zlatković, Bojan K., Lakušić, Branislava, Kovačević, Nada, and Drobac, Milica
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Geranium species are widely used in traditional medicine of Balkan. The aim of this work was to investigate and compare chemical composition of volatile fractions obtained by hydrodistillation from aerial parts of G. macrorrhizum, G. phaeum, G. sanguineum, G. robertianum, G. palustre, G. pyrenaicum, G. columbinum and G. lucidum as well as from underground parts of G. macrorrhizum and G. phaeum, originated from Vlasina plateau in South Eastern Serbia. The volatiles were analyzed using GC/MS and GC-FID. G. palustre volatiles have been studied for the first time with β-selinene (18.6 %) as a characteristic compound. The cluster analysis revealed separation of volatiles into two main groups. Volatile fractions of G. macrorrhizum were separated from all other samples due to high sesquiterpene content (92.3 % in aerial and 94.6 % in underground parts). The volatile fractions of other samples were mainly composed of sesquiterpenes (10.8–61.8 %), diterpenes (12.9–43.0 %) and fatty acids and their derivatives (6.6–21.6 %) with the exception of volatile fraction of G. phaeum underground parts which was dominated only by fatty acids and their derivatives (76.6 %). The results presented in this article contribute to the knowledge on the chemistry of this genus and advances the knowledge on flora of southeast Serbia.
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- 2020
31. Optimization of extraction yield and chemical characterization of optimal extract from Juglans nigra L. leaves
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Rajković, Katarina M., Vasić, Marijana, Drobac, Milica, Mutić, Jelena, Jeremić, Sanja, Simić, Valentina, Stanković, Jovana, Rajković, Katarina M., Vasić, Marijana, Drobac, Milica, Mutić, Jelena, Jeremić, Sanja, Simić, Valentina, and Stanković, Jovana
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The extraction yield of Juglans nigra L. leaves was assessed at different ethanol concentrations (0–96% (v/v)) and solvent-to-solid ratios (5–20 kg kg−1). The response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network with genetic algorithms (ANN-GA) were developed to optimize the extraction variables. The RSM and ANN-GA models determined 50% (v/v) ethanol concentration and 20 kg kg−1 solvent-to-solid ratio as optimal conditions, ensuring an extraction yield of 27.69 and 27.19 g 100 g−1 of dry leaves. The phenolic compounds in optimal extract were quantified: 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2.27 mg g−1of dry leaves), quercetin-3-O-galactoside (10.99 mg g−1 of dry leaves) and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (15.07 mg g−1of dry leaves) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The minerals in optimal extract were quantified: macro-elements (the relative order by content was: K > Mg > Ca) using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and micro-elements (the relative order by content was: Zn > Rb > Mn > I>Sr > Ni > Cu > Co > V > Ag > Se) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The extraction coefficients for minerals were determined and were highest for K (64.3%) and I (53.5%). Optimization of extraction process resulted in high extraction yield from J. nigra leaves and optimal extract containing different phytochemical compounds.
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- 2020
32. The chemical composition, antimicrobial and antiradical properties of the essential oil of Achillea grandifolia aerial parts from Serbia
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Drobac, Milica, primary, Kukic-Markovic, Jelena, additional, Milenkovic, Marina, additional, Niketic, Marjan, additional, and Petrovic, Silvana, additional
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- 2021
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33. Chemical Composition of Volatiles of Eight Geranium L. Species from Vlasina Plateau (South Eastern Serbia)
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Ilić, Milan D., primary, Marčetić, Mirjana D., additional, Zlatković, Bojan K., additional, Lakušić, Branislava S., additional, Kovačević, Nada N., additional, and Drobac, Milica M., additional
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- 2020
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34. Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils of Laser trilobum Rhizomes and Fruits
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Drobac, Milica, Drobac, Milica, Petrović, Silvana, Milenković, Marina, Couladis, Maria, Kukić-Marković, Jelena, Niketić, Marjan, Drobac, Milica, Drobac, Milica, Petrović, Silvana, Milenković, Marina, Couladis, Maria, Kukić-Marković, Jelena, and Niketić, Marjan
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The compositions of hydrodistillated essential oils of Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh. rhizomes and fruits from Serbia, were investigated using GC and GC/MS. In the dark-blue rhizome oil forty-six compounds (93.1% of the total oil) were identified, with a-pinene (31.5%), gamma-terpinene (9.0%), p-cymene (7.9%), beta-pinene (6.1%) and 1,4-dimethylazulene (6.0%) as the major components. In the colorless fruits oil, twenty components (96.8% of the total oil) were identified, and the main constituents were limonene (51.6%) and perillaldehyde (26.8%). The antimicrobial activity of the oils was tested using the broth microdilution method against nine bacterial and two fungal strains. The oils revealed significant antimicrobial effect, mainly better than that of thymol, used as a reference compound. The strongest activity was recorded for the rhizome oil against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans (MICs=25 mu g/mL), and the fruit oil against C. albicans ATCC 10259 (MIC=12.5 mu g/mL).
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- 2017
35. Quality of selected aromatic herbal drugs available on Belgrade's marketplaces
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Drobac, Milica, Drobac, Milica, Arsenijević, Jelena, Stojanović, Danilo, Jančić, Radiša, Kovačević, Nada, Drobac, Milica, Drobac, Milica, Arsenijević, Jelena, Stojanović, Danilo, Jančić, Radiša, and Kovačević, Nada
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Herbal drugs are often administered in the form of monocomponent teas or herbal tea mixtures (tea blends). In order to assess the quality of herbal drugs that are components of the monocomponent teas commercially available on marketplaces in Belgrade, we analyzed 4 samples of Melissa leaf (Melissae folium), 6 samples of Wild thyme, (Serpylli herba), 6 samples of Yarrow (Millefolii herba), 4 samples of Wormwood (Absinthii herba) and 6 samples of Juniper (Juniperi pseudo-fructus), according to the procedures given in European Pharmacopoea. Macroscopic and microscopic features of investigated herbal drugs, as well as their TLC profiles, were in agreement with corresponding data described in Ph. Eur. One sample of Melissa leaf, one sample of Wild thyme and two samples of Juniper, did not fullfil the requirements of general tests. Due to inappropriate size of cut, test on foreign matter could not be performed for some samples. Concerning specific quality, all samples of Melissa leaf, Wild thyme, Wormwood and Juniper were in accordance with Ph. Eur. Regarding the content of essential oil, Yarrow samples met the requirements of Ph. Eur., but the proazulenes content in five samples was lower than required. In conlcusion, the results of these analyses point to high medicinal potential of the most herbal drugs studied. On the other hand, unsatisfying general quality and inappropriate size of cut of several samples could be related to inadequate processing and handling of plant material., Biljne droge se vrlo često koriste u obliku monokomponentnih i višekomponentnih čajeva. U cilju ispitivanja kvaliteta biljnih droga koje se mogu naći na pijacama Beograda u obliku monokomponentnih čajeva, analizirana su po četiri uzorka lista matičnjaka (Melissae folium) i herbe belog pelena (Absinthii herba), i po šest uzoraka herbe majčine dušice (Serpylli herba), herbe hajdučke trave (Millefolii herba) i šišarica kleke (Juniperi pseudo-fructus), prema propisu Ph. Eur. 7.0. Makroskopske i mikroskopske karakteristike ispitivanih droga, kao i rezultati TLC analize bili su u skladu sa odgovarajućim podacima datim u monografijama Farmakopeje. U pogledu opšteg kvaliteta, zahteve nisu ispunili jedan uzorak lista matičnjaka, jedan uzorak herbe majčine dušice i dva uzorka šišarica kleke. Zbog neodgovarajućeg stepena usitnjenosti pojedine uzorke nije bilo moguće ispitati u pogledu stranih primesa. Zahteve za specifični kvalitet ispunili su svi uzorci lista matičnjaka, herbe majčine dušice, herbe belog pelena i šišarica kleke. Uzorci herbe hajdučke trave sadržali su odgovarajuću količinu etarskog ulja, ali je sadržaj proazulena u pet uzoraka bio niži od propisanog. Rezultati ispitivanja specifičnog kvaliteta ukazuju na visok lekoviti potencijal većine ispitivanih biljnih droga. Sa druge strane, neispravnost u pogledu opšteg kvaliteta i neodgovarajući stepen usitnjenosti pojedinih uzoraka može se dovesti u vezu sa neadekvatnim rukovanjem biljnim materijalom.
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- 2017
36. Bezbednosni aspekti primene biljnih proizvoda koji sadrže jedinjenja sa potencijalnim rizikom
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Drobac, Milica, Arsenijević, Jelena, and Marčetić, Mirjana
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azaron ,estragole ,kumarin ,pyrrolizidine alkaloids ,estragol ,asarone ,pirolizidinski alkaloidi ,tujon ,thujone ,coumarin - Abstract
Pojedine biljne droge i preparati biljnih droga sadrže jedinjenja sa potencijalnim rizikom primene, kao što su pirolizidinski alkaloidi (npr. u korenu gaveza, Symphyti radix, listu podbela, Farfarae folium, rizomu lopuha, Petasitidis rhizoma), kumarin (u kori kineskog cimeta, Cassiae cortex, herbi ždraljevine, Meliloti herba), estragol (u plodovima gorkog i slatkog morača, Foeniculi amari/dulcis fructus, plodu anisa, Anisi fructus, herbi bosiljka, Basilici herba), tujon (u listu žalfije, Salviae officinalis folium, herbi belog pelena, Absinthii herba) ili azaron (u rizomu iđirota, Calami rhizoma). Za ove sastojke i droge/preparate droga koji ih sadrže utvrđeni su prihvatljivi, ograničeni dnevni unosi kao i preporuke za dužinu primene. Farmaceut ima ključnu ulogu u savetovanju pacijenata o primeni proizvoda na bazi biljnih droga i preparata biljnih droga, uključujući i one koji sadrže jedinjenja sa potencijalnim rizikom i veoma je važno da bude upoznat sa karakteristikama i pravilnom primenom ovih biljnih proizvoda. Certain herbal drugs and herbal drug preparations contain compounds with a potential risk of use, such as pyrrolyzidine alkaloids (in Comfrey root, Symphyti radix, Coltsfoot leaf, Farfarae folium, Butterbur root, Petasitidis rhizoma), coumarin (in the Cassia bark, Cassiae cortex, Melilot, Meliloti herba), estragole (in Basil, Basilici herba, bitter/sweet fennel, Foeniculi amari/dulcis fructus, Aniseed, Anisi fructus), thujone (in Sage leaf, Salviae officinalis folium, Wormwood, Absinthii herba) or asarone (in Sweet flag rhizome, Calami rhizoma). For these ingredients and herbal drugs/herbal drug preparations which contain them, there are acceptable, limited daily intakes as well as recommendations for duration of use. Since pharmacist plays a key role in advising patients on the use of herbal products, including those containing compounds with a potential risk, it is very important to know the characteristics and proper use of these herbal products.
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- 2019
37. Fatty acids, sterols, and triterpenes of the fruits of 8 Heracleum taxa
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Sofrenić, I, Tešević, Vele, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, Petrović, Silvana, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Sofrenić, I, Tešević, Vele, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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Fatty acids (FAs), sterols, and triterpenes of dichloromethane extracts of the fruits of 8 Heracleum L. taxa (Apiaceae) from southeastern Europe were investigated by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. In order to analyze the FAs, their volatile methyl esters were obtained by saponification and subsequent esterification of oily supernatants of the fruit extracts. Dominant was petroselinic acid (42.8%-56.5%), followed by linoleic (20.3%-33.3%) and oleic acids (12.3%-13.7%). Sterols and triterpenes were analyzed as volatile derivatives obtained by the silanization of residual unsaponifiable fractions. Among them, the most abundant was β-sitosterol (44.9%-56.9%), followed by stigmasterol (15.7%-25.0%), Δ7-stigmastenol (6.6%-12.5%), and campesterol (5.2%-8.1%). The quantity of petroselinic acid was also determined by the external standard method (298.8-433.4 mg/g of oily supernatant). The obtained results show that the investigated plants are potential valuable sources of the compounds utilized in different industries.
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- 2019
38. Hemijska i farmakološka karakterizacija odabranih taksona roda Heracleum L. (Apiaceae), autohtonih za jugoistočnu Evropu
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Niketić, Marjan, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Niketić, Marjan, and Ušjak, Ljuboš
- Abstract
Predmet istraņivanja doktorske disertacije je devet taksona roda Heracleum (Apiaceae): H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii i H. verticillatum iz grupe H. sphondylium, i H. orphanidis, svi iz (tipske) sect. Heracleum, kao i H. austriacum subsp. siifolium iz sect. Wendia.Gasnom hromatografijom sa FID i MS detekcijom analiziran je sastav etarskih ulja izolovanih destilacijom vodenom parom iz podzemnih organa, listova, cvasti i plodova. U uljima podzemnih organa dominirali su monoterpeni i/ili fenilpropani (taksoni grupe H. sphondylium), ili (Z)-falkarinol (H. orphanidis i H. austriacum); u uljima plodova alifatiĉni estri oktilacetat (sect. Heracleum) ili oktilheksanoat (H. austriacum), a u uljima listova i cvasti alifatiĉni estri (H. orphanidis) ili seskviterpeni i/ili fenilpropani. S obzirom da je u pojedinim uljima utvrĊeno prisustvo furanokumarina koji mogu delovati fototoksiĉno, definisan je bezbednosni profil ulja, tj. utvrĊen njihov maksimalni dozvoljeni dnevni unos.U dihlormetanskim ekstraktima podzemnih organa i plodova svih taksona identifikovano je ukupno 12 furanokumarina (LC-MS metodom pomoću standardnih supstanci ili na osnovu UV, MS, 1H i ROESY NMR spektara), od kojih su dominantni bili pimpinelin, bergapten, biakangelikol, heraklenin i/ili imperatorin.Hemosistematski znaĉaj komponenti etarskih ulja (u sluĉaju podzemnih organa i plodova i komponenti njihovih headspace frakcija) i furanokumarina utvrĊen je multivarijantnom statistiĉkom analizom (PCA, nMDS i UPGMA).U uljastim supernatantima dihlormetanskih ekstrakata plodova gasnom hromatografijom (GC-FID i GC-MS) analizirane su masne kiseline (dominantna je bila petroselinska), steroli (najzastupljeniji je bio β-sitosterol) i triterpeni.Antimikrobna aktivnost etarskih ulja pokazana je mikrodilucionom metodom na po osam sojeva bakterija i mikromiceta (u nekim sluĉajevima MIK su bile niņe ili bliske 0,1 mg/mL); selektivna cito, This doctoral dissertation focuses on nineHeracleumtaxa (Apiaceae): H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicumsubsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicumsubsp. orsiniiandH. verticillatum, belonging togroupH. sphondylium, andH. orphanidis, all from the (type)sect. Heracleum, as well asH.austriacum subsp.siifoliumfromsect. Wendia. By GC-FID and GC-MS, the composition of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation fromunderground parts, leaves, flowers and fruits was analysed. Underground parts oils were dominated bymonoterpenesand/orphenylpropanoids (H. sphondyliumgroup), or(Z)-falcarinol (H. orphanidisandH. austriacum); fruit oils byaliphatic estersoctylacetate(sect. Heracleum) oroctylhexanoate(H. austriacum), andleaf and flower oilsby aliphatic esters(H. orphanidis) or sesquiterpenesand/orphenylpropanoids. Considering that in some of these oils potentially phototoxic furanocoumarins were detected, safety profileof the oils, i.e. their maximum daily intake wasestimated.In dichloromethane extracts of underground parts and fruits of investigated taxa,atotal of 12 furanocoumarins were identified(by LC-MS using standard compoundsorbased onUV, MS, 1H andROESY NMR spectra), among which pimpinellin, bergapten, byakangelicol, heraclenin and/orimperatorinwere dominant. Chemosystematicsignificance ofessential oil components(in the case ofunderground parts and fruits, of their headspacefractioncomponents as well) and furanocoumarinswas demonstrated usingmultivariatestatistics (PCA, nMDS andUPGMA).In oily supernatants of fruit dichloromethaneextracts, by GC-FID and GC-MS,fatty acids (petroselinic acid was dominant), sterols (β-sitosterolwas the most abundant) and triterpeneswere analysed. Antimicrobialactivity of the essential oilswas showedbymicrodilutionmethodoneightbacteria and eightfungi(in some cases MICs werelower or around0.1 mg/mL); selective cytotoxicityby MTT teston cancerHeLa, LS174 andA549 cells(in some cases IC50werelower or around 30 μg/mL; oils m
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- 2019
39. Evaluation of safety profile of the essential oils of eight Heracleum taxa (Apiaceae) related to determined furanocoumarin content
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, Petrović, Silvana, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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For essential oils of roots, leaves, flowers and fruits of eight Heracleum taxa (H.sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii, H. verticillatum and H. orphanidis), we previously demonstrated antimicrobial, cytotoxic (selective to cancer cells) and/or antioxidant activities. In this work, for these essential oils maximum daily intake related to total furanocoumarins (FCs) content was estimated, according to Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products of European Medicines Agency (EMA/HMPC) recommendations. FCs were quantified using gas chromatography, and their sum equivalent to xanthotoxin (8-methoxypsoralen, 8-MOP) was calculated. It was shown that daily intake, not contributing significantly to overall risk (equivalent to intake of 1.5 mg FCs) for root essential oils was in the range of 1.94-5.23 mL, for fruit oils of 5.23-15.68 mL and for leaf or flower oils of 2.90-15.68 mL. Daily intake, not posing any unacceptable risk (equivalent to intake of 15 μg FCs) for root oils was in the range of 0.02-0.05 mL, for fruit oils of 0.05-0.16 mL and for leaf or flower oils of 0.03-0.16 mL. This work demonstrates the application of current EMA/HMPC recommendations, in order to establish safety profile of herbal preparations containing FCs., Za etarska ulja korena, listova, cvasti i plodova osam taksona roda Heracleum (H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii, H. verticillatum i H. orphanidis) prethodno su pokazane antimikrobna, citotoksična (selektivna prema tumorskim ćelijama) i/ili antioksidantna aktivnost. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ustanovi maksimalni dozvoljeni dnevni unos etarskih ulja u odnosu na utvrđeni sadržaj ukupnih furanokumarina, u skladu sa preporukama Komiteta za biljne lekovite proizvode Evropske agencije za lekove (EMA/HMPC). Furanokumarini su kvantifikovani gasnom hromatografijom i njihov ukupni sadržaj izražen je kao ksantotoksin (8- metoksipsoralen, 8-MOP). Dnevni unos ispitivanih etarskih ulja koji ne doprinosi značajno ukupnom riziku (ekvivalentan unosu 1,5 mg furanokumarina izraženih kao 8-MOP), kreće se u opsegu 1,94-5,23 mL za etarska ulja korena, 5,23-15,68 mL za ulja plodova i 2,90-15,68 mL za ulja listova ili cvasti. Dnevni unos etarskih ulja koji ne predstavlja nikakav rizik (ekvivalentan unosu 15 μg furanokumarina izraženih kao 8-MOP), kreće se u opsegu 0,02-0,05 mL za etarska ulja korena, 0,05-0,16 mL za ulja plodova i 0,03-0,16 mL za ulja listova ili cvasti. Ovaj rad demonstrira primenu aktuelnih EMA/HMPC preporuka u cilju utvrđivanja bezbednosnog profila biljnih preparata u kojima su detektovani furanokumarini.
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- 2019
40. Hemijska i farmakološka karakterizacija odabranih taksona roda Heracleum L. (Apiaceae), autohtonih za jugoistočnu Evropu
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Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Niketić, Marjan, Ušјak, Ljuboš, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Niketić, Marjan, and Ušјak, Ljuboš
- Abstract
Predmet istraņivanja doktorske disertacije je devet taksona roda Heracleum (Apiaceae): H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii i H. verticillatum iz grupe H. sphondylium, i H. orphanidis, svi iz (tipske) sect. Heracleum, kao i H. austriacum subsp. siifolium iz sect. Wendia. Gasnom hromatografijom sa FID i MS detekcijom analiziran je sastav etarskih ulja izolovanih destilacijom vodenom parom iz podzemnih organa, listova, cvasti i plodova. U uljima podzemnih organa dominirali su monoterpeni i/ili fenilpropani (taksoni grupe H. sphondylium), ili (Z)-falkarinol (H. orphanidis i H. austriacum); u uljima plodova alifatiĉni estri oktilacetat (sect. Heracleum) ili oktilheksanoat (H. austriacum), a u uljima listova i cvasti alifatiĉni estri (H. orphanidis) ili seskviterpeni i/ili fenilpropani. S obzirom da je u pojedinim uljima utvrĊeno prisustvo furanokumarina koji mogu delovati fototoksiĉno, definisan je bezbednosni profil ulja, tj. utvrĊen njihov maksimalni dozvoljeni dnevni unos. U dihlormetanskim ekstraktima podzemnih organa i plodova svih taksona identifikovano je ukupno 12 furanokumarina (LC-MS metodom pomoću standardnih supstanci ili na osnovu UV, MS, 1H i ROESY NMR spektara), od kojih su dominantni bili pimpinelin, bergapten, biakangelikol, heraklenin i/ili imperatorin. Hemosistematski znaĉaj komponenti etarskih ulja (u sluĉaju podzemnih organa i plodova i komponenti njihovih headspace frakcija) i furanokumarina utvrĊen je multivarijantnom statistiĉkom analizom (PCA, nMDS i UPGMA). U uljastim supernatantima dihlormetanskih ekstrakata plodova gasnom hromatografijom (GC-FID i GC-MS) analizirane su masne kiseline (dominantna je bila petroselinska), steroli (najzastupljeniji je bio β-sitosterol) i triterpeni. Antimikrobna aktivnost etarskih ulja pokazana je mikrodilucionom metodom na po osam sojeva bakterija i mikromiceta (u nekim sluĉajevima MIK su bile niņe ili bliske 0,1 mg/mL); selektivna
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- 2019
41. Chemical and pharmacological characterisation of 9 taxa of the genus Heracleum L. (Apiaceae), autochthonous for Southeastern Europe
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Niketić, Marjan, Petrović, Silvana, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Soković, Marina, Stanojković, Tatjana, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
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Uvod: Predmet istraživanja je devet taksona roda Heracleum (Apiaceae): sedam iz grupe H. sphondylium (H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii i H. verticillatum), i H. orphanidis, svi iz (tipske) sect. Heracleum, kao i H. austriacum subsp. siifolium iz sect. Wendia. Rezultati i diskusija: Gasnom hromatografijom sa FID i MS detekcijom analiziran je sastav etarskih ulja (ukupno 59 uzoraka) izolovanih destilacijom vodenom parom iz podzemnih organa, listova, cvasti i plodova. U uljima podzemnih organa dominirali su monoterpeni i/ili fenilpropani (taksoni grupe H. sphondylium), ili (Z)-falkarinol (H. orphanidis i H. austriacum); u uljima plodova alifatični estri oktilacetat (sect. Heracleum) ili oktilheksanoat (H. austriacum), a u uljima listova i cvasti alifatični estri (H. orphanidis) ili seskviterpeni i/ili fenilpropani. Antimikrobna aktivnost 30 odabranih uzoraka etarskih ulja ispitivana je mikrodilucionom metodom na po osam sojeva bakterija i mikromiceta (u slučaju 17 uzoraka ulja MIK vrednosti su prema barem jednom mikroorganizmu bile niže ili bliske 100 µg/mL); selektivna citotoksičnost 26 uzoraka ulja MTT testom na tumorske HeLa, LS174 i A549 ćelije (u slučaju 13 uzoraka ulja IC50 vrednosti su prema barem jednoj ćelijskoj liniji bile niže ili bliske 30 µg/mL; ulja uglavnom nisu inhibirala rast normalnih MRC-5 ćelija). Ukupno 8 od ispitivanih 14 uzoraka ulja pokazalo je slab anti-DPPH potencijal. Sastav aktivnih zona u TLC-DPPH testu ispitan je gasnom hromatografijom (dominirali su oksidovani terpeni i fenilpropani). S obzirom da je u pojedinim uljima utvrđeno prisustvo furanokumarina koji mogu delovati fototoksično, definisan je bezbednosni profil ulja prema preporuci Evropske agencije za lekove (utvrđeno je da dnevni unos 1,94-15,68 mL ulja ne doprinosi značajno ukupnom riziku, koji postoji kao posledica unosa izvesnih količina furanokumarina hranom). U dihlormetanskim ekstraktima pod
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- 2019
42. Comparison of essential oils and hydromethanol extracts of cultivated and wild growing Thymus pannonicus All.
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Arsenijević, Jelena, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Šoštarić, Ivan, Jevdović, Radosav, Živković, Jelena, Ražić, Slavica, Moravcević, Đorđe, Maksimović, Zoran, Arsenijević, Jelena, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Šoštarić, Ivan, Jevdović, Radosav, Živković, Jelena, Ražić, Slavica, Moravcević, Đorđe, and Maksimović, Zoran
- Abstract
In the present research, the chemical composition of aerial parts of cultivated citral chemotype of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae), growing at different soil conditions was studied. Two plant lineages were unfertilized or treated using either nitrogen or phosphorus fertilizers at different concentration levels. Essential oil (EO) content, EO composition, and composition of hydromethanol extracts (MEs) were compared to the results obtained for wild growing plants in order to evaluate the potential of T. pannonicus for its industrial production. EO content (%, V/m) in cultivated samples varied between 0.32-0.75% and 0.62-1.05% within two examined lineages, whereas the herbs from the natural habitat contained 0.49-1.29% of EO. GC-FID/MS analysis showed that citral, i.e. mixture of isomers geranial and neral, was the most abundant constituent in all EOs (51.90-81.96%). HPLC analysis revealed that total caffeic acid derivatives, with rosmarinic acid (RA) as the most abundant compound in all extracts, as well as total apigenin glycosides contents were significantly higher in the extracts originating from the cultivated herbs (112.15-184.94 mg/g and 5.08-15.29 mg/g, respectively), in comparison to the extracts of the herbs from the natural habitats (67.61-98.75 mg/g and 1.17-1.32 mg/g). In general, the composition of cultivated herbs varied less than that of samples originating from natural habitats, indicating that controlled cultivation of citral chemotype of T. pannonicus can provide herbal drug with favourable characteristics. Only minor differences were observed between cultivated samples treated with different fertilizers.
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- 2019
43. Fatty Acids, Sterols, and Triterpenes of the Fruits of 8 Heracleum Taxa
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, primary, Sofrenić, Ivana, additional, Tešević, Vele, additional, Drobac, Milica, additional, Niketić, Marjan, additional, and Petrović, Silvana, additional
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- 2019
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44. Comparison of essential oils and hydromethanol extracts of cultivated and wild growing Thymus pannonicus All.
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Arsenijević, Jelena, primary, Drobac, Milica, additional, Šoštarić, Ivan, additional, Jevđović, Radosav, additional, Živković, Jelena, additional, Ražić, Slavica, additional, Moravčević, Đorđe, additional, and Maksimović, Zoran, additional
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- 2019
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45. Chemosystematic Significance of Essential Oil Constituents and Furanocoumarins of Underground Parts and Fruits of NineHeracleumL. Taxa from Southeastern Europe
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Ušjak, Ljuboš J., primary, Drobac, Milica M., additional, Niketić, Marjan S., additional, and Petrović, Silvana D., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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46. Potential use of deodorised water extracts: polyphenol-rich extract of Thymus pannonicus All. as a chemopreventive agent
- Author
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Cebović, Tatjana, Cebović, Tatjana, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Zivković, Jelena, Šoštarić, Ivan, Maksimović, Zoran, Cebović, Tatjana, Cebović, Tatjana, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Zivković, Jelena, Šoštarić, Ivan, and Maksimović, Zoran
- Abstract
Deodorised water extracts of aromatic plants are obtained as by-products of essential oil isolation and usually discarded as waste. However, phytochemical composition of these extracts encourages their further utilization as food additives or functional food ingredients. In this study we investigated phytochemical composition, antioxidant and in vivo antiproliferative activity of deodorised water extract of Thymus pannonicus All. (DWE). HPLC analysis revealed rosmarinic acid (RA) (71.11 +/- 1.54 mg/g) as the most abundant constituent of the extract, followed by salvianolic acid H (14.83 +/- 0.79 mg/g, calculated as RA). DWE exhibited pronounced antioxidant activity in vitro, in FRAP and DPPH tests (FRAP value: 7.41 mmol Fe/g and SC50: 3.80 mu g/g, respectively). Using the model of Ehrlich carcinoma cells in mice that were treated with DWE prior, at the time, and after tumour cells implantation, the tumour growth suppression and redox status of malignant cells (i.e., activities of antioxidant enzymes, level of glutathione and intensity of lipid peroxidation) were followed. DWE applied as pretreatment caused disturbance of antioxidant equilibrium as well as apoptosis/necrosis of up to 90% EAC cells. Results obtained in the present study revealed chemopreventive potential and possibility of T. pannonicus DWE usage. High content of RA and other phenolic compounds explains, at least in part, the observed effects.
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- 2018
47. Chemosystematic Significance of Essential Oil Constituents and Furanocoumarins of Underground Parts and Fruits of Nine Heracleum L. Taxa from Southeastern Europe
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, Petrović, Silvana, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, and Petrović, Silvana
- Abstract
The composition of the essential oils and the furanocoumarin profiles of CH2Cl2 extracts from underground parts and fruits of nine Heracleum taxa (Apiaceae) from Southeastern Europe were statistically analyzed to evaluate their chemosystematic significance. Eight investigated taxa (H. orphanidis and members of H. sphondylium group: H. sphondylium, H. sibiricum, H. montanum, H. ternatum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. pollinianum, H. pyrenaicum subsp. orsinii and H. verticillatum) belong to the type section of the genus. Additionally analyzed taxon, H. austriacum subsp. siifolium, belongs to H. sect. Wendia. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oils was performed by GC-FID and GC/MS, and of the furanocoumarins by LC/MS. Furanocoumarins were identified using standards and/or based on UV, MS, 1H- and ROESY NMR spectra. Multivariate statistics (PCA, nMDS, UPGMA) of analyzed metabolites showed that the investigated taxa were grouped according to their taxonomic classification. PCA revealed the significance of some monoterpenes and (Z)-falcarinol of the underground parts oils, octyl esters of the fruit oils, and most of the total of 12 identified furanocoumarins.
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- 2018
48. Anatomical analysis and phytochemical screening of Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur (Rhamnaceae)
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Arsenijević, Jelena, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Slavkovska, Violeta, Kovačević, Nada, Lakušić, Branislava, Arsenijević, Jelena, Arsenijević, Jelena, Drobac, Milica, Slavkovska, Violeta, Kovačević, Nada, and Lakušić, Branislava
- Abstract
Frangula rupestris and F. alnus are the only two species of the genus Frangula in the flora of the Balkan Peninsula. Frangula alnus is well-known for anthranoid content, and its stem bark and fruits are widely used as laxatives. Data on anatomy, plant metabolites, and potential use of F. rupestris are scarce. In this work we analysed anatomy of the stem and leaves and performed phytochemical screening of the bark and leaves of F. rupestris. Specific anatomical characteristics of the stem include the presence of large mucilage cavities in the bark and pith, as well as numerous parenchyma cells containing solitary or cluster crystals of calcium oxalate. The majority of leaf epidermal cells are filled with mucilage. In the main leaf vein there is parenchyma with numerous mucilage cavities and solitary or cluster crystals of calcium oxalate. The levels of flavonoids, total phenolics, and tannins in bark and leaves of plants from two localities were determined by spectrophotometric methods, and the results were compared with those obtained for bark of F. alnus. Bark and leaves of F. rupestris contained 2.68-3.03% and 2.22-3.77% total phenolics, 1.70-2.10% and 0.57-1.54% tannins, and 0.12-0.36% and 0.57-0.99% flavonoids, respectively. The conducted HPLC and LC-MS analyses of hydromethanol extracts of bark and leaves of F. rupestris revealed the presence of flavonols. The dominant compound in all extracts was hyperoside and its content, determined by HPLC, ranged from 30.40 to 82.03 mg/g. Swelling indices determined for 0.5 g of plant material of F. rupestris bark and leaves (5.8-11.4 and 5.8-13.8) were higher than that of the bark of F. alnus (4.4) and greater than those of the mucilaginous drugs Althaeae folium and Althaeae radix (4.7-4.8). The high swelling indices of F. rupestris bark and (especially) leaves suggest their potential use as bulk-forming laxatives. In addition, differences in the content of metabolites were observed in plants from different localities.
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- 2018
49. Constituents of the Essential Oils of Heracleum austriacum subsp siifolium, an Endemic Plant of the Southeastern ALPS
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Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, Niketić, Marjan, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Ušjak, Ljuboš, Petrović, Silvana, Drobac, Milica, and Niketić, Marjan
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- 2018
50. Essential oils of three cow parsnips-composition and activity against nosocomial and foodborne pathogens and food contaminants
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Ušjak Ljuboš, Petrović Silvana, Drobac Milica, Soković Marina, Stanojković Tatjana, Ćirić Ana, and Niketić Marjan
- Subjects
foodborne pathogens and food contaminants ,essential oils - Abstract
Although some widespread, native cow parsnips (Heracleum L. spp., Apiaceae) had broad medicinal and culinary applications throughout history, the knowledge about their volatile constituents is insufficient. This work investigates the composition and bioactivities of H. sphondylium L. (HSPH), H. sibiricum L. (HSIB) and H. montanum Schleich. ex Gaudin (HMON) essential oils. The composition was tested by GC and GC-MS. (Z)-β-Ocimene was the most abundant in HSPH (28.9%) and HMON (20.4%) root oils, while in HSIB root oil, β-pinene (26.2%), methyl eugenol (22.3%) and elemicin (25.6%) prevailed. Leaf and flower oils were dominated by various sesquiterpenes (germacrene D, β-sesquiphellandrene, (E)-β-farnesene and/or (E)-caryophyllene) and/or phenylpropanoids (apiole, methyl eugenol, elemicin and/or (Z)-isoelemicin). Octyl acetate (57.5–67.1%) was the main constituent of all fruit oils. The antimicrobial activity was screened by a microdilution method against eight bacteria and eight fungi. The strongest antimicrobial effect, in several cases better than the activity of antibiotics, was shown by HSPH (MICs = 0.12–3.30 mg mL−1) and HMON (MICs = 0.10–1.30 mg mL−1) flower oils against bacteria, and HSIB fruit oil against fungi (MICs = 0.15–0.40 mg mL−1). The MTT test revealed that the oils were not or weakly cytotoxic against human malignant HeLa, LS174 and/or A549 cells (except HSPH root oil; IC50 = 5.72–24.31 μg mL−1) and that tested oils were not toxic against human normal MRC-5 cells (at 200.00 μg mL−1). Significant activity observed against microorganisms that are the common cause of foodborne diseases, food contamination and/or hospital-acquired infections justifies certain traditional uses of the investigated plants and represents a good basis for further research of these Heracleum oils.
- Published
- 2016
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