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Bovine chromosome 14 (BTA14) was scanned for QTL affecting milk yield, protein percentage and yield, fat percentage and yield and somatic cell count. Selective milk DNA pooling strategy was applied in a daughter design for eight Holstein-Friesian sires. For each sire-trait combination, milk pools were constructed comprising ~200 best or worst daughters ranked by their EBV or DYD. The sires were genotyped for 16 microsatellites covering BTA14, for the A232K and VNTR mutations at the DGAT1 locus and for a SNP of the tyroglobulin gene. The milk pools were genotyped at the microsatellites heterozygous in their sire. Shadow corrected estimates of allele frequencies were calculated and differences in sire allele frequencies between high and low pools were computed. An adjusted false discovery rate was applied to calculate chromosome-wide significant levels and the data were analysed using an approximate interval mapping procedure. The results indicate the presence of one/more QTL at the centromeric end affecting most traits and one/more putative QTL in the middle-distal part influencing mainly protein percentage.

Over the past three decades the effects of globalisation and denationalisation have created a division between 'winners' and 'losers' in Western Europe. This study examines the transformation of party political systems in six countries (Austria, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the UK) using opinion surveys, as well as newly collected data on election campaigns. The authors argue that as a result of structural transformations and the strategic repositioning of political parties, Europe has observed the emergence of a tripolar configuration of political power, comprising the left, the moderate right, and the new populist right. They suggest that through an emphasis on cultural issues such as mass immigration and resistance against European integration, the traditional focus of political debate - the economy - has been downplayed or reinterpreted in terms of this new political cleavage. -- Part I. Theory and Methods: -- 1. Globalization and its impact on national spaces of competition -- 2. Context structures -- 3. The design of the study: the distinguishing characteristics of our approach -- Part II. Country Studies: -- 4. France - the model case of party system transformation -- 5. Austria - transformation driven by an established party -- 6. Switzerland - another case of transformation driven by an established party -- 7. The Netherlands - a challenge that was slow in coming -- 8. The United Kingdom - moving parties in a stable configuration -- 9. Germany - the dog that didn't bark -- Part III. Comparative Analyses -- 10. Demand-side: dealignment and realignment of the structural political potentials -- 11. Supply-side: the positioning of the political parties in a restructuring space -- 12. The electoral consequences of the integration vs. demarcation cleavage -- 13. Globalizing politics: the change of cleavage structures, parties and party systems in comparative perspective -- Appendix A. Technical appendix -- Appendix B. Detailed statistical results

The presented submission describes an analysis of a classical open microstrip line, of an open microstrip line on a trapezoidal substrate and on a substrate with a limited width and of a microstrip line with a PEC shielding walls on both sides. The analysis is performed using the conformal mapping method and the finite-element one. For all the above described structures, the characteristic impedance is computed by both the methods and obtained results are in detail discussed. Both the methods are compared with respect to their generality, to their CPU time requirements, and to the programming effort required for their implementation.