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The collaboration of Yale, the University of California, Davis, and United Imaging Healthcare has successfully developed the NeuroEXPLORER, a dedicated human brain PET imager with high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and a built-in 3-dimensional camera for markerless continuous motion tracking. It has high depth-of-interaction and time-of-flight resolutions, along with a 52.4-cm transverse field of view (FOV) and an extended axial FOV (49.5 cm) to enhance sensitivity. Here, we present the physical characterization, performance evaluation, and first human images of the NeuroEXPLORER. Methods: Measurements of spatial resolution, sensitivity, count rate performance, energy and timing resolution, and image quality were performed adhering to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 2-2018 standard. The systems performance was demonstrated through imaging studies of the Hoffman 3-dimensional brain phantom and the mini-Derenzo phantom. Initial 18F-FDG images from a healthy volunteer are presented. Results: With filtered backprojection reconstruction, the radial and tangential spatial resolutions (full width at half maximum) averaged 1.64, 2.06, and 2.51 mm, with axial resolutions of 2.73, 2.89, and 2.93 mm for radial offsets of 1, 10, and 20 cm, respectively. The average time-of-flight resolution was 236 ps, and the energy resolution was 10.5%. NEMA sensitivities were 46.0 and 47.6 kcps/MBq at the center and 10-cm offset, respectively. A sensitivity of 11.8% was achieved at the FOV center. The peak noise-equivalent count rate was 1.31 Mcps at 58.0 kBq/mL, and the scatter fraction at 5.3 kBq/mL was 36.5%. The maximum count rate error at the peak noise-equivalent count rate was less than 5%. At 3 iterations, the NEMA image-quality contrast recovery coefficients varied from 74.5% (10-mm sphere) to 92.6% (37-mm sphere), and background variability ranged from 3.1% to 1.4% at a contrast of 4.0:1. An example human brain 18F-FDG image exhibited very high resolution, capturing intricate details in the cortex and subcortical structures. Conclusion: The NeuroEXPLORER offers high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. With its long axial length, it also enables high-quality spinal cord imaging and image-derived input functions from the carotid arteries. These performance enhancements will substantially broaden the range of human brain PET paradigms, protocols, and thereby clinical research applications.

Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma. In early stage oral cancers, Depth of invasion (DOI) is a predictor for lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate if DOI 4 mm can be considered as a threshold for clinical decision making on elective neck dissection (END) in early oral cancer, by assessing the association of DOI and the risk of occult lymph node metastasis in early Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A retrospective study was conducted on 319 patients with early pT1-2 OSCC who were clinically N negative. All patients underwent primary resection and END. The patients were divided into two groups based on DOI: < 4 mm and ≥ 4 mm. Nodal metastases were then noted for each group. The rate of nodal metastasis in respect to tumor size was also observed. Out of 111 patients having DOI < 4 mm only 15 (4.7%) had lymph node metastasis, whereas out of 208 patients having DOI ≥ 4 mm, 81 patients (25.4%) had neck node metastasis, with p value < 0.05. Tumors having DOI ≥ 4 mm has higher chances of occult metastasis and also increased probability of other prognostic factors like PNI and LVI, suggesting that DOI ≥ 4 mm can be considered a cut – off value for performing END. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In positron emission tomography (PET), measurements of depth-of-interaction (DOI) information and time-of-flight (TOF) information are important. DOI information reduces the parallax error, and TOF information reduces noise by measuring the arrival time difference of the annihilation photons. Historically, these have been studied independently, and there has been less implementation of both DOI and TOF capabilities because previous DOI detectors did not have good TOF resolution. However, recent improvements in PET detector performance have resulted in commercial PET scanners achieving a coincidence resolving time of around 200 ps, which result in an effect even for small objects. This means that TOF information can now be utilized even for a brain PET scanner, which also requires DOI information. Therefore, various methods have been proposed to obtain better DOI and TOF information. In addition, the cost of PET detectors is also an important factor to consider, since several hundred detectors are used per PET scanner. In this paper, we review the latest DOI–TOF detectors including the history of detector development. When put into practical use, these DOI–TOF detectors are expected to contribute to the improvement of imaging performance in brain PET scanners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined three hallucinogenic amphetamine derivatives, namely, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) as well as 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM) and 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that DOI, DOM, and mephedrone would increase the contractile force in isolated human atrial preparations in a manner similar to amphetamine. To this end, we measured contractile force under isometric conditions in electrically stimulated (1 Hz) human atrial preparations obtained during open surgery. DOI and DOM alone or in the presence of isoprenaline reduced the contractile force concentration-dependently in human atrial preparations. These negative inotropic effects of DOM and DOI were not attenuated by 10 µM atropine. However, mephedrone increased the contractile force in human atrial preparations in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, these effects were attenuated by the subsequent addition of 10 µM propranolol or pretreatment with 10 µM cocaine in the organ bath. Therefore, it can be concluded that amphetamine derivatives may exert opposing effects on cardiac contractile force. The precise mechanism by which DOI and DOM exert their negative inotropic effects remains unknown at present. The cardiac effects of mephedrone are probably due to the release of cardiac noradrenaline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid increase of Earth science data from remote sensing, models, and ground-based observations highlights an urgent need for effective data management practices. Data repositories track provenance and usage metrics which are crucial for ensuring data integrity and scientific reproducibility. Although the introduction of Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for datasets in the late 1990s has significantly aided in crediting creators and enhancing dataset discoverability (akin to traditional research citations), considerable challenges persist in establishing linkage of datasets used with scholarly documents. This study evaluates the citation coverage of datasets from NASA's Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) across several major bibliographic sources ‒ namely Google Scholar (GS), Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Crossref, and DataCite—which helps data managers in making informed decisions when selecting bibliographic sources. We provide a robust and comprehensive understanding of the citation landscape, crucial for advancing data management practices and advancing open science. Our study searched and analyzed temporal trends across the bibliographic sources for publications that cite approximately 11,000 DOIs associated with EOSDIS datasets, yielding 17,000 unique journal and conference articles, reports, and book records linked to 3,000 dataset DOIs. GS emerged as the most comprehensive source while Crossref lagged significantly behind the other major sources. Crossref's record references revealed that the absence of dataset DOIs and shortcomings in the Crossref Event data interface likely contributed to its underperformance. Scopus initially outperformed WoS until 2020, after which WoS began to show superior performance. Overall, our study underscores the necessity of utilizing multiple bibliographic sources for citation analysis, particularly for exploring dataset-to-document connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to present a review of small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) literature on the adoption of technology for marketing with the objective the knowledge trajectory from SMEs to tourism SMEs (TSMEs) and presents a research agenda for the adoption of digital marketing among TSMEs. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative literature review method is adopted to analyze 50 articles published in high-ranking journals from 2011–2021. The selected papers were reviewed to quantitatively present the popular theoretical frameworks, constructs and research methods used for the adoption of digital marketing among SMEs and to present a future research agenda in the context of TSMEs. Findings: The findings present a review of theoretical approaches, research design, methods, and models used by researchers, and identify new directions for future research in the context of the adoption of digital marketing among TSMEs. The paper presents a theoretical critique of the technology adoption theories and builds on diffusion of innovation theory, technology–organization–environment (TOE), and institutional theory to propose an expanded model to study digital marketing adoption among TSMEs. Research limitations/implications: The article presents a significant advancement in the theoretical understanding of the adoption of digital marketing by offering the application of the TOE framework with moderating role of mimetic and normative pressures. Thus, the study contributes to the scarce research on institutional theory in the context of services (tourism) and offers an alternative and holistic perception to study digital marketing. The research model serves as an organizing tool for future researchers and practitioners to probe and further augment knowledge development in tourism and TSMEs. Originality/value: Negligible published work on TSMEs makes this study valuable and the proposed model gives strategic information in the given context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advancements in Enterprise Information Systems (EISs) have transitioned from primarily supporting operational and tactical processes to enabling strategic decision-making through integrated analytics. This systematic review critically examines global literature from 2010 to 2023, focusing on the factors influencing the adoption of analytical components in EISs and assessing their impact on strategic decision-making in organizations. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we meticulously selected and reviewed articles from the Scopus database, employing a robust taxonomy based on the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework to categorize findings. Our methodology involved a thorough screening of 234 studies, leading to a final analysis of 45 peer-reviewed articles that met our stringent criteria. These studies collectively underscore a significant gap in organizational capabilities, notably in the business ecosystems surrounding EISs, which hampers the effective adoption and utilization of advanced analytics. The results highlight a distinct need for improved understanding and implementation strategies for integrated analytics within EISs to enhance strategic decision-making processes. This review identifies critical factors for integrating analytics into Enterprise Information Systems (EISs), emphasizing technological, organizational, and environmental dimensions. It highlights a significant gap in models guiding ERP systems with Business Intelligence (BI) capabilities and underscores the need for robust research to enhance strategic decision-making through analytics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This study evaluated the determinants of augmented reality (AR) adoption in Malaysia's travel and tour operator sectors through an integrated technology-organization-environmental (TOE) and diffusion of innovation (DOI) model. Design/methodology/approach – The TOE and DOI were considered the primary theoretical models but are combined and extended by including few additional variables. Data were collected from 220 respondents of travel and tour operating businesses in Malaysia and analyzed by applying PLS structural equation model technique. Findings – The empirical results established that perceived cost, relative advantages, complexity and compatibility, observability, competitor pressure, value alignment, customer pressure, and trialability are positively connected with the behavioral intention except for external support. The results reveal that value alignment partially mediates the association between relative advantages and behavioral intention, complexity and behavioral intention, compatibility and behavioral intention, perceived cost and behavioral intention except in between trialability and observability. Originality/value – This research is unique as the value alignment construct is included in the model, and thus it fulfills the literature gap by adding the mediation construct. This study contributes to enhancing AR's understanding of the Malaysian travel and tour operator industry through the lenses of owners or managers. It offers an integrated model that combines the TOE and DOI models, rare in this sector, and can be replicated or extended with validated scales.

Serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and DOI exert a hallucinatory effect through serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2A) activation. Recent studies have revealed that serotonergic psychedelics have therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive and anxiety-related disorders. However, the involvement of 5-HT2A in mediating the therapeutic effects of these drugs remains unclear. In this study, we ethopharmacologically analyzed the role of 5-HT2A in the occurrence of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocin, an active metabolite of psilocybin, DOI, and TCB-2 in mice 24 h post-treatment. Mice with acute intraperitoneal psychedelic treatment exhibited significantly shorter immobility times in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) than vehicle-treated control mice. These effects were eliminated by pretreatment with volinanserin, a 5-HT2A antagonist. Surprisingly, the decreasing immobility time in the FST in response to acute psilocin treatment was sustained for at least three weeks. In the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), the latency to feed, an indicator of anxiety-like behavior, was decreased by acute administration of psilocin; however, pretreatment with volinanserin did not diminish this effect. In contrast, DOI and TCB-2 did not affect the NSFT performance in mice. Furthermore, psilocin, DOI, and TCB-2 treatment did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity or head-twitch response, a hallucination-like behavior in rodents. These results suggest that 5-HT2A contributes to the antidepressant effects of serotonergic psychedelics rather than anxiolytic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This research investigates potential connections between radiological tumour thickness determined by CT scans and various pathological prognostic factors. These factors include pathological tumour thickness (pTT), pathological depth of invasion (DOI), and positive cervical nodal metastasis. This analysis focuses on cases of clinicoradiologically node-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. Method: Sixty-one previously untreated clinicoradiologically node-negative squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa were included in the study. The radiological tumour thickness in the preoperative CT scans is correlated with other prognostic factors like pathological tumour thickness, DOI and presence or absence of neck node. Result: Sixty-one patients were included in the study with a median age of 54 years (Range 27–84). Forty-two patients (68.9%) were male, and 19 were females (31.1%). There was no statistically significant difference in mean values of rTT among patients with positive or negative post-operative nodal metastases. However, a significant correlation could be established with rTT to other potential prognostic factors. Conclusion: Tumor thickness in preoperative CT scans can be used to predict post-operative prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of digital technology has succeeded in providing alternative financial services with the FinTech lending industry. This industry allows direct connection between lenders and borrowers through a digital platform. FinTech lending has unique characteristics that provide advantages over traditional financial institution services, such as utilizing soft information for credit risk assessment, providing unsecured loans, and using third-party platforms to secure transactions. Indonesian government continues to update the regulatory framework for the FinTech industry including the implementation of regulatory sandbox. This effort aims to ensure that the development of digital financial innovation is beneficial and safe for society. Various jurisdictions have also implemented similar initiatives to address issues in FinTech lending, allowing companies to test their operations under regulatory supervision. This research conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA 2020 methodology to understand issues related to FinTech lending and the initiatives provided by regulatory sandboxes to address the issues. The study identified 10 issues in the FinTech lending sector using the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework and 11 initiatives from implementing regulatory sandboxes using the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) framework. Finally, this study highlights the potential for further research regarding the issues of algorithmic bias and monopolistic practices, as well as the exploration of how regulatory sandboxes can mitigate these issues.

A recent paper published in European Science Editing (ESE; https://doi.org/10.3897/ese.2023.e102691) assessed that journal's citations in 38 papers published between 2020 and 2022 using Dimensions and Scopus. The rationale for that study was that Dimensions, unlike Scopus, was "free", and thus a useful substitute for bibliometric analyses, but it is contended herein that the latter claim is not entirely accurate. To complement that analysis, citations of the same 38 papers, as well as 29 papers that had not been analyzed, giving the full complement of 67 papers published in ESE from 2020 to 2022, were reassessed (17 October 2023) using Scopus, Dimensions, and Google Scholar, since the latter is free. In addition, those papers' attention scores were appreciated from their Altmetrics scores, which were harvested from Dimensions. Although citation trends for the 38 papers were replicated, when the Altmetric scores of the additional 29 papers were also considered, the Altmetric score for ESE increased by 221 from 633 to give a total of 854. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scope of blockchain technology, initially associated with the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, is greater due to the multiple applications in various disciplines. Its use in accounting lies mainly in the fact that it reduces the risks and the possibility of fraud, in addition to eliminating human error. This work presents a theoretical model that contributes to the understanding of the process of adoption of ICT innovations by business organizations, from the technological, organizational and environmental contexts. The result of the work provides knowledge for the empirical generalization of the topic of study and offers the academic community a starting point for carrying out future studies that confirm the validity of the results, and the business community a valid alternative of the aspects to be considered taken into account in making decisions derived from secure accounting management with blockchain. Hence, the implementation of blockchain presents challenges, its potential to improve reliability and efficiency in accounting management makes this technology a valuable investment for companies and accounting professionals seeking more secure and transparent financial management.

In this paper, the performance of two dual-ended readout PET detectors based on 15 × 15 BGO arrays were compared. The crystal elements of one BGO array have polished lateral surfaces, while the crystal elements of the other BGO array have unpolished lateral surfaces. The two ends of the BGO elements are polished. The two BGO arrays both have a pitch size of 1.6 mm and thickness of 20 mm, and BaSO4 with a thickness of 80 μm was used as the reflector. Hamamatsu S14161-0305-08 SiPM arrays were used as photodetectors. All the measurements were performed at a bias voltage of 41.0 V and a temperature of 23.5 °C. The flood histograms show that all the crystal elements in the two BGO arrays were clearly resolved. The detector based on the BGO array with polished lateral surfaces provides an energy resolution of 16.9 ± 1.3%, timing resolution of 3.2 ± 0.2 ns, and DOI resolution of 18.4 ± 2.2 mm. In comparison, the detector based on the BGO array with unpolished lateral surfaces provides an energy resolution of 17.7 ± 2.0%, timing resolution of 3.5 ± 0.3 ns, and DOI resolution of 3.2 ± 0.2 mm.

ObjectiveDual-ended readout depth-encoding detectors based on bismuth germanate (BGO) scintillation crystal arrays are good candidates for high-sensitivity small animal positron emission tomography used for very-low-dose imaging. In this paper, the performance of three dual-ended readout detectors based on 15 × 15 BGO arrays with three different reflector arrangements and 8 × 8 silicon photomultiplier arrays were evaluated and compared.ApproachThe three BGO arrays, denoted wo-ILG (without internal light guide), wp-ILG (with partial internal light guide), and wf-ILG (with full internal light guide), share a pitch size of 1.6 mm and thickness of 20 mm. Toray E60 with a thickness of 50μm was used as inter-crystal reflector. All reflector lengths in the wo-ILG and wf-ILG BGO arrays were 20 and 18 mm, respectively; the reflectors in the wp-ILG BGO array were 18 mm at the central region of the array and 20 mm at the edge. By using 18 mm reflectors, part of the crystals in the wp-ILG and wf-ILG BGO arrays worked as internal light guides.Main resultsThe results showed that the detector based on the wo-ILG BGO array provided the best flood histogram. The energy, timing and DOI resolutions of the three detectors were similar. The energy resolutions full width at half maximum (FWHM value) based on the wo-ILG, wp-ILG and wf-ILG BGO arrays were 27.2 ± 3.9%, 28.7 ± 4.6%, and 29.5 ± 4.7%, respectively. The timing resolutions (FWHM value) were 4.7 ± 0.5 ns, 4.9 ± 0.5 ns, and 5.0 ± 0.6 ns, respectively. The DOI resolution (FWHM value) were 3.0 ± 0.2 mm, 2.9 ± 0.2 mm, and 3.0 ± 0.2 mm, respectively. Over all, the wo-ILG detector provided the best performance.

Aim: To establish a standard MRI sequence for imaging of squamous cell cancers (SCC) of tongue and to evaluate various methods of calculation of depth of invasion in SCC of Tongue. Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best modality of imaging for tongue cancers. DOI is added to the staging of oral cavity squamous cell cancers by TNM AJCC Cancer Staging. Materials and Methods: Visual rating: 1 - poor; 2 - acceptable; 3 - good; 4 – excellent, for the assessment of MRI sequences. Four protocols for the measurement of MRI derived DOI : axial reconstructed thickness, axial invasive portion, coronal invasive portion, and optimal method selection. Study design: Prospective study. Sample size: 50n. Conclusion: This study shows that tongue masses are best evaluated on contrast enhanced scans, but STIR images in non-contrast studies provide near comparable results in delineation of the lesion. Maximum correlation was observed when the DOI was measured when a radiologist, on individual basis, selected the optimal plane among axial, saggital and coronal planes, and chose an optimal method among the invasive portion calculation method or reconstructed thickness calculation method to determine the DOI.

Hace aproximadamente 25 años, el Identificador de Objetos Digitales (DOI) fue implementado con el propósito de proveer una forma única y persistente de identificación de un documento. Dado que los DOIs puede ser asignados a cualquier objeto, las revistas comenzaron a adoptar su uso ya que facilita el proceso de identificación de un documento en particular, aumentando su visibilidad. Sin embargo, al analizar el impacto de artículos publicados por investigadores Chilenos en disciplinas relacionadas a las Ciencias Sociales, Artes y Humanidades, observamos que algunas revistas publicaban una proporción significativa de documentos sin DOIs. Por lo tanto, nos preguntamos si esto era consecuencia de una falta de adopción de DOI por las revistas o si era por un error de procesamiento de las bases de datos. Nuestros resultados confirman que, a pesar de que la mayoría de las revistas implementó el uso del DOI para sus artículos, varios de los registros de Web of Science y Scopus no incluyen esta información. Para resolver este problema, las bases de datos deben asegurar la precisión y consistencia de sus datos, mientras que los equipos editoriales de cada revista deben confirmar que todos los metadatos de los artículos han sido registrados apropiadamente por estas bases de datos. Sin duda, el uso del DOI beneficia a todos los académicos ya que facilita la identificación y recuperación de los artículos publicados.

Abstract Background Positron emission tomography (PET) requires a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to improve image quality, with time-of-flight (TOF) being an effective way to boost the SNR. However, the scanner sensitivity and resolution must be maintained. The use of axially aligned 100-mm LYSO:Ce,Ca scintillation crystals with double-sided readout has the potential of ground-breaking TOF and sensitivity, while reducing parallax errors through depth-of-interaction (DOI) estimation, and also allowing a reduction in the number of readout channels required, resulting in cost benefits. Due to orientation, these fibres may also facilitate the integration of TOF-PET with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in hybrid imaging systems. The challenge of achieving a good spatial resolution with such long axial fibres is directly related to the achievable TOF resolution. In this study, the timing performance and DOI resolution of emerging high-performance materials were investigated to assess the merits of this approach in organ-dedicated or total-body/large-scale PET imaging systems. Methods LYSO:Ce,Ca scintillation fibres of 20 mm and 100 mm length were tested in various operating and readout configurations to determine the best achievable coincidence time resolution (CTR) and DOI resolution. The tests were performed using state-of-the-art high-frequency (HF) readout and commercially available silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) from Broadcom Inc. Results For the 100-mm fibre, an average CTR performance of $$137 \pm 1$$ 137 ± 1 ps FWHM and an average depth-of-interaction resolution within the fibre of $$12.3 \pm 0.5$$ 12.3 ± 0.5 mm FWHM could be obtained. The 20-mm fibre showed a sub-100 ps CTR of $$98 \pm 1$$ 98 ± 1 ps FWHM and a fibre resolution of $$8.5 \pm 0.2$$ 8.5 ± 0.2 mm FWHM in the double-sided readout configuration. Conclusion With modern SiPMs and crystals, a double-sided readout of long fibres can achieve excellent timing resolution and field-advancing TOF resolution, outperforming commercial PET systems. With 100-mm fibres, an electronic channel reduction of about a factor 2.5 is inherent, with larger reduction factors conceivable, which can lead to lower production costs. The spatial resolution was shown to be limited in the axial direction with 12 mm, but is defined to 3 mm in all other directions. Recent SiPM and scintillator developments are expected to improve on the time and spatial resolution to be investigated in future prototypes.

This paper presents selected aspects of a data platform to store agricultural data. It analyses the key user and system requirements for the data platform. The presented aspects were identified through a literature review, interviews and discussions with selected data experts and researchers and future users of the platform. The following issues of the data platform are discussed in the paper: architecture, data types, data source types, metadata, disciplinary interfaces, data sharing, data reusability, Open Science, FAIR data principles, and further data processing options. Part of the knowledge from this article was used in the design and implementation of the Institutional Data Repository called Data Management Platform (DaMP.) CZU (Czech University of Life Sciences Prague) (OPENAI, 2023). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiological diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the main steps in treatment planning. T (tumor size), DOI (depth of invasion) (AJCC 8th edition), and nodal metastases (N+) were evaluated using CT and MRI to assess the most effective imaging method. The effectiveness of the radiological imaging methods was compared with histopathological results. Imaging diagnostic studies were performed and retrospectively analyzed in 125 patients with OSCC (CT n = 54 and MRI n = 71). Histopathology evaluated T, DOI, and N+. The radiological T results of CT in comparison with histopathological examination showed agreement in 62.5% of cases for T1, 56.25% for T2, 25% for T3, and 42.8% for T4 (p-value = 0.07), and regarding MRI, 52.2% for T1, 36.4% for T2, 33.3% in T3, and 33.3% for T4. The DOI results of CT and MRI juxtaposed against the histopathological findings were as follows: for CT, n = 18 for DOI ≤ 10 mm and n = 36 for >10 mm; for MRI, n = 29 for DOI ≤ 10 mm and n = 42 for >10 mm (DOI CT vs. DOI hist. pat. p-value = 0.23; DOI MRI vs. DOI hist. pat. p-value = 0.006). Regarding nodal metastasis, n = 21 for N0 and n = 32 for N+ for CT (p-value = 0.02), and n = 49 for N0 and n = 22 for N+ for MRI (p-value = 0.1). In the radiological N+ group, the histopathological findings coincided with the results of MRI and CT in 27% and 62.5% of cases, respectively (N0: 83.6% for MRI; 85.7% for CT). Upon evaluating T, a decreasing percentage of overlapping results with an increasing tumor size was observed. The accuracy of both imaging studies was at a similar level, with a slight advantage for MRI. Among the patients on whom CT was performed, DOI analysis did not show statistically significant differences. This led to the conclusion that, in most cases, the DOI results based on CT overlapped with those described via histopathological examination. However, among the group of patients with MRI as the imaging method of choice, the differences proved to be statistically significant (p-value = 0.006). The results of this study indicate that CT is a more accurate method for DOI assessment. The results of the radiologic metastasis evaluation (N+ group) overlapped more in the CT group, while the percentage of corresponding results in the radiologic N0 vs. hist. pat. N0 group was high and similar in both groups. These results indicate that it is easier to confirm the absence of a metastasis than its presence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Akademik dergi yayıncılığı, popüler dergi yayıncılığına göre oldukça zordur. Akademik dergilerin uymaları gereken hukuki, akademik, etik ve teknik kurallar ve standartlar bulunmaktadır. Teknik standartlardan biri zengin üst veriye yöneliktir. Bilimsel yayınların uluslararası bilim dünyasına açılması için DOI atanması, yazarlar için ORCID, kurumlar için ROR ID gibi benzersiz tanımlayıcılarının kullanılması ve zengin üst veri sağlanması gereklidir. Özellikle bunlardan yayınlara DOI atanması oldukça önemlidir. Ne yazık ki Türkiye’de akademik kitapların çok azına DOI atanmaktadır. Hakemli dergilerde DOI kullanımı daha iyi durumdadır. Ancak burada başka problemlerle karşı karşıyayız. Makalelerin PDF dosyalarındaki bilgileri ile DOI alımında kullanılan makale üst verileri aynı olmalıdır. Oysa PDF dosya içinde güncel veri bulunuyorken makale üst verisi, çalışmanın güncel olmayan ilk hâlindeki bilgileri içeriyor olabilmektedir. DOI atanması, teknik bir süreçtir. Önce makaleye dair asgari bilgilerin Crossref sistemine gönderilerek DOI atanması, ikinci olarak da makale üst verisinin Crossref sistemine eksiksiz olarak kaydedilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu ikinci işlem birçok yayıncı tarafından yapılmamaktadır. Makalelere ücret ödenerek DOI atandığı hâlde, makale üst verisi Crossref’e gönderilmediği için uluslararası camiaya açılmamaktadır. Bir diğer sorun ise makale üst verilerinin Crossref’e sadece makale dilinde gönderilmesidir. Oysa Crossref’e Türkçe ve İngilizce dillerinde zengin üst veri gönderilmesi teknik açıdan mümkündür. Türkiye merkezli bilimsel kitaplara DOI atanması, hatta geriye doğru tüm akademik kitaplara DOI atanması bir gerekliliktir. Ayrıca DOI atanarak yayınların zengin üst verisinin Türkçe ve İngilizce dillerinde Crossref üzerinden kullanıma sunulması, Türkiye merkezli bilimsel üretimin görünürlüğünü kısa sürede artıracaktır. Burada yayıncılara büyük sorumluluk düşmektedir.

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In a long-term immunogenicity study (1100 days post vaccination) in local Thai dogs the immune response of the oral rabies vaccine SPBN GASGAS was compared to those elicited by a commercial inactivated vaccine using immunobridging. Based on the detection of rabies virus binding (rVBA) and rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (rVNA) as measured by ELISA and Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) the long-term immune response in dogs vaccinated orally with the SPBNA GASGAS strain of rabies vaccine in a bait was non-inferior to a conventional inactivated rabies vaccine. The outcome of this study supports extending the originally claimed duration of immunity (DOI) of SPBN GASGAS after oral vaccination for dogs from 6 to 30 months.

With the aim of introducing data-driven science and establishing an infrastructure for making X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra findable and reusable, we have integrated XAFS databases in Japan. This integrated database (MDR XAFS DB) enables cross searching of spectra from more than 2000 samples and more than 700 unique materials with machine-readable metadata. The introduction of a materials dictionary with approximately 6000 synonyms has improved the search performance and links with large external databases have been established. In order to compare spectra in the database, the energy calibration policies of each institution were compiled, and the energy calibration methods across institutions were shown. This clarified how to utilize the MDR XAFS DB as a knowledge base. The database created through this cross-institution initiative is a model case for the further development of databases for other methods and material informatics using them.

A major gap in the biodiversity knowledge graph is a connection between taxonomic names and the taxonomic literature. While both names and publications often have persistent identifiers (PIDs), such as Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) or Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), LSIDs for names are rarely linked to DOIs for publications. This article describes efforts to make those connections across three large taxonomic databases: Index Fungorum, International Plant Names Index (IPNI) and the Index of Organism Names (ION). Over a million names have been matched to DOIs or other persistent identifiers for taxonomic publications. This represents approximately 36% of names for which publication data are available. The mappings between LSIDs and publication PIDs are made available through ChecklistBank. Applications of this mapping are discussed, including a web app to locate the citation of a taxonomic name and a knowledge graph that uses data on researcher ORCID ids to connect taxonomic names and publications to authors of those names. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) requires a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to improve image quality, with time-of-flight (TOF) being an effective way to boost the SNR. However, the scanner sensitivity and resolution must be maintained. The use of axially aligned 100-mm LYSO:Ce,Ca scintillation crystals with double-sided readout has the potential of ground-breaking TOF and sensitivity, while reducing parallax errors through depth-of-interaction (DOI) estimation, and also allowing a reduction in the number of readout channels required, resulting in cost benefits. Due to orientation, these fibres may also facilitate the integration of TOF-PET with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in hybrid imaging systems. The challenge of achieving a good spatial resolution with such long axial fibres is directly related to the achievable TOF resolution. In this study, the timing performance and DOI resolution of emerging high-performance materials were investigated to assess the merits of this approach in organ-dedicated or total-body/large-scale PET imaging systems. Methods: LYSO:Ce,Ca scintillation fibres of 20 mm and 100 mm length were tested in various operating and readout configurations to determine the best achievable coincidence time resolution (CTR) and DOI resolution. The tests were performed using state-of-the-art high-frequency (HF) readout and commercially available silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) from Broadcom Inc. Results: For the 100-mm fibre, an average CTR performance of 137 ± 1 ps FWHM and an average depth-of-interaction resolution within the fibre of 12.3 ± 0.5 mm FWHM could be obtained. The 20-mm fibre showed a sub-100 ps CTR of 98 ± 1 ps FWHM and a fibre resolution of 8.5 ± 0.2 mm FWHM in the double-sided readout configuration. Conclusion: With modern SiPMs and crystals, a double-sided readout of long fibres can achieve excellent timing resolution and field-advancing TOF resolution, outperforming commercial PET systems. With 100-mm fibres, an electronic channel reduction of about a factor 2.5 is inherent, with larger reduction factors conceivable, which can lead to lower production costs. The spatial resolution was shown to be limited in the axial direction with 12 mm, but is defined to 3 mm in all other directions. Recent SiPM and scintillator developments are expected to improve on the time and spatial resolution to be investigated in future prototypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Bibliotecológica is the property of UNAM, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Bibliotecologicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Kenya Airport Police Unit has started using smartphones to deter crime, but there are still reservations about their potential impact on policing. The study sought to identify the factors that influence police officers' adoption and use of smart phone applications for crime prevention. The police officers assigned to the Kenya Airport Police Unit (1382) were the study's target group. For this study, a sample of 274 police officers was selected using a simple random sampling approach. The study was guided by the Mobile Technology Acceptance Model (M-TAM), which discovered that smartphones were useful instruments for crime prevention. Police officers discovered that programs such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, emails, and short text messages helped to prevent crime. The study suggests that tailored police smart phone applications be developed, as well as officer capacity training, to improve their utilization and help to crime prevention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of dual-ended readout depth-encoding positron emission tomography (PET) detectors based on bismuth germanate (BGO) coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) arrays was measured for the first time and compared to lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO)-based detectors using the same readout. The BGO and LYSO crystal arrays all had a crystal pitch of 2.2 mm and were coupled to 8 × 8 SiPM arrays with a matching pitch of 2.2 mm, using a one-to-one coupling configuration. Three types of crystals with Toray reflector were used: polished LYSO, polished BGO, and unpolished BGO, and for two different crystal thicknesses of 20 mm and 30 mm. All the crystal elements in the BGO arrays were clearly resolved in the flood histogram. Better flood histograms were obtained using the LYSO arrays for a selected crystal thickness, and better flood histograms were obtained using the 20 mm thick crystal arrays for a selected crystal type. The average crystal level energy resolution and timing resolution for 20 mm polished LYSO, polished BGO and unpolished BGO crystals at their optimal SiPM bias voltage were 18.6 ± 1.3% and 1.19 ± 0.20 ns, 17.8 ± 0.8% and 4.43 ± 0.47 ns, and 18.0 ± 1.0% and 4.68 ± 1.0 ns, respectively. Depth-of-interaction (DOI) resolution of the 20 mm polished LYSO array was 2.31 ± 0.17 mm and for the 20 mm unpolished BGO array was 3.53 ± 0.25 mm. However, polished BGO arrays with Toray reflector did not provide DOI information. Our key conclusion is that dual-ended readout depth-encoding 20 mm thick unpolished BGO detectors are good candidates for low-activity PET systems with small field-of-view and low timing performance requirements, such as preclinical or compact organ-dedicated PET systems, with the advantage over LYSO of having no background radiation and significantly lower cost.

A dual-ended readout PET detector based on two Hamamatsu 16 × 16 arrays of 1 × 1 mm2 SiPMs coupled to both ends of a 25 × 25 array of 0.69 × 0.69 × 20 mm3 polished LYSOs was evaluated in terms of flood histogram, energy resolution, timing resolution, and DOI resolution. The SiPM arrays have a pitch size of 1.2 mm. Each SiPM pixel has an active area of 1 × 1 mm2, and was fabricated using 15 μm microcells. The LYSO array has a pitch size of 0.75 mm, and the crystals are separated using Toray reflector with a thickness of 50 μm. The flood histogram and energy resolution were measured at different overvoltages (ranging from 1.5 to 7.0 V, in 0.5 V steps) and at four different temperatures (-7, 0, 10 and 20 °C). The timing resolution and DOI resolution were obtained at the optimal overvoltage for the flood histogram and at each different temperature. Overall, the results show better performance was obtained at lower temperatures, and that the optimal overvoltage decreased at higher temperatures. The optimal overvoltage was 5.0 V (corresponding to a bias voltage of 68.5 V) in order to achieve the highest quality flood histogram at 0 °C. Under these conditions, the flood histogram quality, energy resolution, timing resolution, and DOI resolution were 3.26 ± 0.65, 18.4 ± 4.5%, 1.70 ± 0.12 ns and 2.22 ± 0.19 mm, respectively. The flood histograms and energy resolution were also obtained at different activities. The results show that better flood histogram and energy resolution were obtained at lower activity, however all the crystals can be resolved at an event rate of over 210 k cps, indicating the DOI detector module can be used both for high resolution human brain PET and small animal PET applications.

Academic journal publishing is more complex than popular journal publishing. There are legal, academic, ethical, and technical rules and standards that academic journals must comply with. One of the technical standards is the provision of rich metadata. To open scientific publications to the international scientific world, it is vital to assign DOI, to use unique identifiers such as ORCID for authors, ROR ID for institutions, and to provide rich metadata. It is crucial to assign DOIs to these publications. Unfortunately, very few academic books in Turkey are assigned DOIs. DOI usage in refereed journals is better. However, we are faced with other problems here. The information in the PDF files of the articles and the article metadata used in DOI retrieval should be the same. However, while the PDF file contains current data, article metadata may contain information older than the first version of the study. DOI assignment is a technical process. Firstly, the minimum information about the article should be sent to the Crossref system, and the DOI should be assigned. Secondly, the article metadata should be fully registered in the Crossref system. Many publishers do not perform this second process. Although DOI is assigned to the articles by paying a fee, the article metadata is not sent to Crossref and opened to the international community. Another problem is that article metadata is sent to Crossref only in the language of the article. However, rich metadata should be sent to Crossref in Turkish and English. It is necessary to assign DOIs to Turkey-centred scientific books and even to assign DOIs to all academic books backwards. In addition, making the rich metadata of publications available through Crossref in Turkish and English languages thanks to the DOI obtained by paying a fee, will increase the visibility of Turkey-based scientific production in a short time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud computing technology has proved to be an important technological solution, especially for small and medium- sized businesses (SMEs), by providing many opportunities for companies to enhance their operations, reduce cost, improve scalability and flexibility, and make more efficient use of technology. Despite its benefits, most SMEs are still hesitant about adopting cloud computing. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors that influence cloud computing adoption among SMEs in Jordan. This study does so by developing a research model based on the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI).These theories overlap in terms of the characteristics that strengthen the explanation of adoption. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from 244 SMEs registered in Jordan. A multiple regression test was implemented to examine the proposed model. The results indicate that seven factors significantly affect cloud computing adoption among SMEs. Among these factors, cost reduction was found to be the strongest predictor, while the weakest predictor was firm size. However, the firm's scope insignificantly influenced cloud computing adoption among SMEs in Jordan. This finding could provide insights for SMEs decision- makers when it comes to adopting cloud computing. In addition, it provides insights for practitioners in terms of recognizing the important factors that encourage or prevent SMEs from adopting cloud computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pregled is the property of University of Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are widely used in positron emission tomography (PET), however, SiPMs from different vendors vary in their performance characteristics. In addition, the specifications provided by the manufacturers are measured under different operating conditions and using different test setups, making it difficult to choose the optimal device for a specific application using the published specifications. In this work, we evaluated four state-of-the-art 8  ×  8 arrays of ~3  ×  3 mm2 SiPMs from SensL, KETEK, and Hamamatsu for high-resolution dual-ended readout detectors using the same experimental setup and procedures. The results showed that all four SiPM arrays are excellent candidates for high-resolution PET applications, although some interesting differences in performance were noted.

Làn sóng tăng trưởng số lượng người dùng Internet và các phương tiện truyền thông trực tuyến đã tác động lớn tới lĩnh vực giáo dục hiện nay, đặc biệt là giáo dục đại học bởi sinh viên chiếm đa số thành phần tham gia sử dụng Internet (We are social, Hootsuite, 2018). Có thể nói, tại thời điểm này digital marketing là phương pháp tối ưu nhất để các cơ sở giáo dục (CSGD) có thể tiếp cận và thu hút người học tiềm năng, qua đó mở rộng thị trường và nâng cao khả năng cạnh tranh. Mặc dù gần đây ngày càng nhiều công bố khoa học về tác động của các công cụ digital marketing điển hình như mạng xã hội hay website đến hành vi người tiêu dùng, song không có nhiều nghiên cứu cả trong và ngoài nước về việc ứng dụng digital marketing trong lĩnh vực giáo dục. Vì vậy, dựa trên nền tảng lý thuyết khuếch tán sự đổi mới – DOI (Rogers, 2003), lý thuyết thống nhất chấp nhận và sử dụng công nghệ - UTAUT (Venkatesh, et al., 2003) kết hợp với mô hình công nghệ - tổ chức – môi trường - TOE (Tornatzky & Fleischer, 1990), nghiên cứu này xác định và đánh giá tác động của các yếu tố then chốt ảnh hưởng đến việc ứng dụng digital marketing tại các cơ sở giáo dục của Việt Nam. Kết quả phân tích 380 phiếu trả lời khảo sát của các cơ sở giáo dục đại học tại Việt Nam năm 2017-2018 cho thấy 6 yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc ứng dụng digital marketing bao gồm nhận thức tính dễ sử dụng, nhận thức tính hữu ích, nguồn lực nội bộ của tổ chức, áp lực cạnh tranh, tác động đổi mới và hỗ trợ của nhà cung cấp. Kết quả phân tích hồi quy bội đã khẳng định mối quan hệ giữa 6 yếu tố này giải thích được khoảng 47.4% mức độ biến thiên của việc ứng dụng digital marketing trong các CSGD.

Objectives: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) proposed staging system in order to stratify patients with oral cancer. The tumor-nodal-metastasis (TNM) classification is widely used to plan treatment and to estimate the prognosis of patients. The 8th edition staging system incorporated two major prognostic factors; depth of invasion (DOI) and extra-nodal extension (ENE). This study was done to evaluate and assess the difference in staging of AJCC 8th edition oral squamous cancer carcinoma (OSCC) when compared with AJCC 7th edition and to understand the pattern of stage migration due to these modifications. Materials and methods: Patients operated for OSCC with histopathology reports staged according to AJCC 8th edition were included in this single center, retrospective study between 2019 and 2022. Results: Out of total 200 patients, 9 cases were upstaged on the basis of DOI. 2 cases underwent stage migration from stage I to stage II, 4 cases from stage II to stage III, 2 cases from stage III to IV and 1 case underwent stage migration from II to IV. Likewise, 31 cases were upstaged on the basis of ENE and underwent upstaging from stage IVa to stage IVb. Conclusion: The AJCC 8th edition upstaged a total of 31% of patients with oral cavity cancers. 4.5% cases were upstaged on the basis of DOI. 26.5% patients were upstaged on the basis of presence of ENE. To conclude, the new classification has enabled us to adequately manage patients who were previously under-staged and under-treated.

Genetically modified food (GMF) is one of the most debated issues in the food market. There has been considerable interest from both academic researchers and policy makers regarding the antecedents and consequences of the commercial adoption of GMF applications. Conceptually, GMF can be defined as “Genetically modified (hereafter GM) foods are produced from genetically modified seeds or ingredients derived from plants or animals whose DNA has been manipulated using genetic engineering methods” [1, p. 2861]. However, only a limited number of studies have tested the related issues of GMF products from a customer perspective. Thus, this project intends to discover and examine the main drivers and hindrances in predicting customers’ intention and buying decision behaviour in developing Arabian countries (i.e., Jordan). A diffusion of innovations (DOIs) model was selected as the theoretical basis for the current study project. A field survey study was conducted to collect the requested quantitative data from a convenience sample of Jordanian customers. Statistical results largely supported the role of relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, social approval, awareness, perceived risk and price value on the behavioural intention to adopt GMF products, which in turn significantly predicted actual adoption behaviour. The results of the current project will hopefully expand the current academic understanding of the main factors that predict Jordanian customers’ perception and adoption of GMF products.

Despite the growing importance of cutting-edge technologies, little is still known about the effects of psychological and technical factors on these technologies as associated with consumers’ behavioral intentions. Drawing on diffusion of innovation theory (DOI) and theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study investigates the effect of perceived behavioral control, complexity, and compatibility on attitude towards using a smartwatch and behavioral intention. The present study also examines the mediation effect of consumer attitude between the psychological and technical factors of smartwatches and behavioral intention. We have gathered data from 291 actual smartwatch users. Partial-Least-Squares Structural Equation Modelling and Importance-Performance Analysis (IMPA) were used to analyze the data. The results reveal that both psychological and technical attributes play a key role in affecting consumers’ behavioral intention, in which attitude mediates this relationship. Moreover, among the predictor variables, compatibility is most significant in terms of explaining behavioral intention to use smartwatches, whereas curiosity and complexity have the highest performance index.

The exploration of online databases and its implementation measures have become a hotspot in current research. What role will online database management play in the 21st century as well as in the next generation of the Web? We believe that the rate at which technological innovations is taking place in the information technology field will in a greater extend affect the number of trends signal, the ideas and techniques that will stir the next generation of online database. Consequently, the goal of most institutions and companies concerning online projects is to build an infrastructure for delivery of courses via the World Wide Web. This is aimed at delivering of research content, assessment of student competency in support of courses and researches across their various curricula and beyond, thereby providing an asynchronous, student-centered approach to research advancement. This research provides and discusses overview of online databases system and its features in order to address many of the new demands made by online data management. The methodology used was survey method, were we examined several journals, books, conference proceedings, websites and other materials that were relevant to our study on online databases. The results of various literature reviews were used to analyze the use of web-based database as a 21st century learning model/tool. We looked at twenty-three online databases in general but later scaled it down to eight where some features such as citation analysis, access options, developer etc. were looked at. Each online database has its own peculiarity that is of help to researchers in different disciplines. Thus, researchers would be relaying and paying more attention to online databases as a research hotspots in their various fields of endeavors. The practical implications of the study revealed that online databases will be versatile in the future and will be instrumental in advancing research field as well as being core instrument in supporting new knowledge insights. The study recommends, among others, the need to strengthen multidisciplinary databases cross-integration in different universities and institutions to push forward the boundary of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile Social Commerce (MSC) is the present and the future of e-commerce; and a growing topic of research interest. However, despite its numerous current abilities and its prosperous future prospects there has been slightly investigated so far. In order to fill this research gap, this empirical study aims to model and examine the factors that impact individuals' behavioral intention on adopting MSC. In specific, it focuses on a comparatively new service of Instagram, the checkout option; and investigates m-users' behavioral intention towards this operation in a country where this service is not available yet. The study presents a holistic acceptance conceptual model in the context of MSC that combines the UTAUT scheme, the innovation characteristics of the DOI theory (i.e., compatibility and innovativeness), along with the basic social interaction variables (i.e., closeness and familiarity) and the major ICT inhibitors (i.e. risk and anxiety); with the aim to increase the understanding on the topic. As far as it is concerned, 'Instagram checkout' has never explored before. The results demonstrate that compatibility and performance expectancy exert the strongest positive effect on behavioral intention. Social influence and familiarity also influence positively m-users' decisions to adopt 'Instagram checkout', whereas anxiety exerts a negative impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]