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Objective: This article describes a novel 3D‐printed template armed with interproximal matrices to isolate interproximal contact areas and guide injectable resin composite for consecutive closure of multiple diastema. Clinical Considerations: Among several treatment options proposed for diastema closure, direct resin composite is noninvasive and easy to repair. The "composite injection technique" has been introduced to improve time efficiency and reduce technique sensitivity for clinicians. However, in the case of multiple diastema, the overflow of excess resin materials onto the adjacent teeth during injection poses challenges for recontouring the interproximal anatomy. A 3D‐printed template with special‐designed gaps at interproximal areas was designed and fabricated based on a virtual diagnostic wax‐up. Flowable resin composite was then consecutively injected through the template to close diastemata at multiple adjacent teeth. Conclusion: This technique using a 3D‐printed template with interproximal isolation design contributed to an efficient and accurate operation for multiple anterior diastema closure. Clinical Significance: Efficient and accurate freehand buildups of composite restoration for multiple diastema are challenging in operative dentistry. The described noninvasive full digital workflow provides a predictable method to accurately recontour the multiple target restorations and reduce the chair‐side time and technical sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe a shift from injectable resin composite technique to composite resin computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) veneers in addressing esthetic concerns associated with diastemas between anterior lower teeth in a clinical case. Clinical Considerations: Among several techniques proposed for direct resin composite restoration, the "Injectable resin composite technique" has gained popularity for its time‐efficiency, reduced technique sensitivity, and diminished reliance on clinician skills. However, challenges such as staining and the need for frequent polishing follow‐ups may prompt the consideration of more stable alternatives such as indirect veneer restorations. While ceramic veneers offer superior mechanical and optical properties, resin ceramic veneers, especially those milled from CAD/CAM resin ceramic blocks, offer advantages such as rapid, cost‐effective production, simplified intra‐oral repairs, less susceptibility to fracture, superior stress absorption, and requires minimal tooth preparation, making them an appealing option for many patients. Moreover, a fully‐digital approach not only streamlines the process but also saves time and labor while ensuring the delivery of high‐quality restorations to patients. Conclusion: In addressing a patient's dissatisfaction with constant polishing of direct resin composite restorations, a shift to resin composite CAD/CAM veneers was implemented. Utilizing a fully‐digital approach with CAD/CAM resin ceramic restorations successfully restored both esthetics and function. Clinical Significance: While the injectable resin composite technique achieves immediate esthetic results, its low color stability necessitates frequent polishing sessions. The replacement of direct resin composite restorations with CAD/CAM resin composite veneers becomes a viable option for patients seeking more stable restorations that require fewer follow‐ups. This transition addresses both esthetic concerns and the need for enduring solutions in restorative dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document contains abstracts from the Veterinary Dental Forum held in Palm Springs, CA in September 2024. It covers a wide range of topics related to veterinary dentistry, including the development of a temporomandibular joint replacement procedure for cats and dogs, the management of arthritis in the temporomandibular joint, and the role of histopathological evaluation in diagnosing oral mucosal inflammatory diseases in dogs. The document also discusses various topics in primate dentistry, oral pathologies in horses, and dental dust exposure in horses. It provides valuable information for veterinary professionals and researchers studying dental issues in animals. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, laminate veneer restorations should be considered as a minimally invasive treatment option for several aesthetic reasons. This study compared direct composite veneers' and indirect ceramic laminate veneers' longevity in multiple diastema closures. A total of 28 patients with a mean age of 26 years received 60 direct resin composite (Estelite Asteria; n = 14) and 60 indirect ceramic veneers (IPS e.max Press; n = 14) on the maxillary anterior teeth with diastema closure. Veneers were evaluated at baseline and thereafter every 6 months for up to 2 years using USPHS criteria. Data were analyzed with Fisher's exact and chi-squared tests, while Kaplan–Meier curve was used to assess time to event. In total, three failures were observed in the form of debonding (n = 1) and fracture (n = 2) in the indirect ceramic veneers. No significant difference was observed between the survival rates of composite and ceramic veneers (Estelite Asteria: 93.4%, IPS e.max Press: 95%; p > 0.05). The overall survival rate was 94.2% (Kaplan–Meier). Staining (n = 11) and roughness (n = 14) were frequently observed for the resin composite veneers up to the final recall. Thereby, the preliminary results from this clinical trial comparing two veneer materials indicated that their survival rates were statistically similar. However, surface quality changes were more frequent in the composite veneer material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic features among schoolchildren in the West Bank, Palestine. Methods: A stratified cluster sample of 1278 schoolchildren (620 males, 658 females, mean age 12 years and 5 months (± 0.5)) were examined. Candidates who had not received any previous orthodontic treatment were only included. Dental anomalies like missing and ectopic teeth were recorded. The anteroposterior occlusal relationship was assessed based on Angle classification. Overjet and overbite were measured. Crowding and spacing were recorded subjectively. In addition, crossbite, openbite, and midline displacement were recorded. The chi-square test and descriptive analysis were used statistically. Results: The study found Angle Class I molar relationship in 65%, Class II div 1 in 17%, Class II div 2 in 6%, and Class III in 12% of the sample. An overjet (OJ) of more than 4 mm was present in 17%, and 4% had OJ of more than 6 mm; an OJ of at least 0 mm or less in 36%, and 6% had a reverse OJ. A normal overbite was observed in 53%, while 28% had an increase and 19% had a decreased overbite. An anterior openbite (AOB) was present in 9%, and a scissor bite or anterior crossbite in 6% and 14%, respectively. A posterior crossbite was observed in 12% (9% unilateral and 3% bilateral). Midline displacement was found in (9%). Crowding was observed in 35% and 31% and spacing in 24% and 15% of the maxillary and mandibular arches, respectively. A statistically significant relationship between gender and midline shift, a diastema, spacing in the upper arch, and most dental anomalies was found; males were more affected (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study reported a high prevalence of malocclusion among schoolchildren in Palestine. A collaborative effort should be directed to obtain more monitoring and surveillance of malocclusion more frequently to prevent and control the exacerbation of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes the 20-year outcomes of multidisciplinary treatment in a patient with severe gingival recession, inadequate attached gingiva, and severe midline diastema. Following phase 1 periodontal treatment, mucogingival surgery was performed to create an adequate gingival area in a systematically healthy 20-year-old female patient, followed by orthodontic treatment 3 months postoperatively. The width of the keratinized gingiva increased, the gingival margin moved coronally, and the formation of a new papilla was successful. After 20 years, clinical improvement has remained steady. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Orthodontic treatment plays a crucial role in achieving optimal dental esthetics and functional occlusion. However, when periodontally compromised patients are involved, additional precautions and considerations are critical. This article aims to provide up‐to‐date recommendations for the orthodontic treatment of periodontally compromised patients. Clinical Considerations: Comprehensive diagnosis of the patient's periodontal status, inherent malocclusion, and secondary malocclusion resulting from periodontal disease are essential for achieving optimal esthetics and functional occlusion. This can be facilitated through the use of a simplified checklist. Prior to orthodontic treatment, pre‐existing periodontal diseases should be managed. Light and controlled forces should be used to minimize the risk of adverse effects on the periodontium, and any potential traumatic occlusion during tooth movement should be minimized. Furthermore, careful anchorage management is required, and proper application of temporary anchorage devices can significantly expand the scope of orthodontic treatment. Finally, treatment results are maintained by ongoing supportive periodontal therapy even during the retention period. Conclusions: This article presents clinical cases demonstrating the importance of accurate diagnosis in orthodontics and periodontics and the positive impact of orthodontic treatment on patients with pre‐existing periodontal diseases. Clinical Significance: An up‐to‐date orthodontic treatment protocol for periodontally compromised patients is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate orofacial traits and general factors related to oral health‐related quality of life in acromegaly patients. Materials and Methods: A cross‐sectional study with 34 acromegaly patients was conducted. The OHIP‐14 questionnaire was used to assess oral health‐related quality of life scores. To assess orofacial and occlusion morphology, an oral evaluation was performed. Correlation measures, multiple linear regression and a structural equation model (SEM) were used in the statistical analysis. Results: The presence of arthrosis (SC = 0.467, SE = 0.155, p = 0.003) and smoking history (SC = 0.459, SE = 0.206, p = 0.026) were associated with a negative impact on oral health‐related quality of life. Mandibular protrusion was related to physical pain (β = 2.74, p = 0.029). Anterior open bite (β = 4.44, p = 0.004) and anterior crossbite (β = 2.61, p = 0.026) were related to psychological disability. Diastema was related to social disability (β = 3.42, p = 0.037) and handicap (β = 2.74, p = 0.044). Conclusion: The findings suggest that smoking, arthrosis and orofacial alterations (mandibular protrusion, open bite, crossbite and diastema) have a negative impact on oral health‐related quality of life in acromegaly patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Aydin Dental Journal is the property of Aydin Dental Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article from the Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation compares the accuracy of milled and printed interim crowns. The study found that milled restorations had slightly better accuracy than printed ones, with a difference of approximately 11 microns. However, both manufacturing methods produced restorations with a clinically acceptable fit, as the mean values of the intaglio surface trueness were within the accepted limit of < 50 microns. The study suggests further research with different additive manufacturing methods and resin brands to obtain more comprehensive results. Additionally, the document provides a list of references for research articles related to various techniques and technologies used in dentistry, offering valuable information for researchers and practitioners in the field. [Extracted from the article]

This article from the Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation examines the effects of functional overload on the dental system. The study looks at changes in the periodontal tissues of both guinea pigs and patients, with the main cause of functional overload being the absence of teeth and poorly placed prostheses. The study highlights the importance of prosthetic treatment in preventing histomorphological changes caused by functional overload. The article provides data on the length of time patients have been without teeth and the corresponding damage to their oral cavity, including gingival lesions, poorly constructed prostheses, and periodontitis. The document also discusses the microscopic and macroscopic changes observed in patients and animals, as well as the correlation between the length of time without teeth and the atrophy of the alveolar process. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of addressing tooth loss through therapeutic-prosthetic procedures to minimize damage to the stomatognathic apparatus. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Smile esthetics can be subjective. This study aims to assess the effect of culture/geographic location on judging smile esthetics by comparing the perception of smile characteristics between American laypersons (Western culture) and Iranians (Eastern). Materials and Methods: One hundred residents from each country were recruited for this analytical cross-sectional study. A frontal picture of a posed smile with standard norms which are mentioned in the Contemporary Orthodontics textbook by William R. Proffit was selected. Adobe Photoshop 7 was used to alter midline diastema, gingival display (GD), maxillary midline-to-face discrepancy, buccal corridor (BC), and smile arc. Images were given to groups to determine the most attractive and acceptable smile. Data were analyzed by Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman correlation coefficient in SPSS-22 (α = 0.05). Results: Americans were less critical in judging diastema (P < 0.001), GD (P = 0.013), and BC (P = 0.004) for smile attractiveness than Iranians. No difference was between the two groups in choosing the acceptability threshold and determining the most attractive smile except for BC (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Overall, Americans were more tolerant of variations in smile characteristics than Iranians. Both groups agreed on most smiles. Therefore, it seems that it is reasonable to use similar standards for smile characteristics while considering the small differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traumatic injuries in immature teeth often lead to complications in endodontic treatment due to difficulty in managing the open apex. Also, the restoration of these teeth poses significant challenges due to thin dentin walls, high configuration factors, and other biomechanical and adhesive issues. Standard fibre posts are often not suited for flared root canal preparations, leaving excessive cement space between the post and the tooth structure. To reduce postoperative complications (e.g. root fracture), reinforcement of radicular dentin becomes mandatory after endodontic treatment. The reinforcement of the canal can be done using a fibre post relined with composite resin. Direct anatomical posts offer a promising alternative that minimises the risk of debonding. This case report details the use of platelet rich fibrin as a internal matrix and how mineral trioxide aggregate can be used to form an immediate apical seal for apexification and a custom fiber post technique for reinforcing an immature maxillary central incisor in an 18-year-old patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Bone level tapered implants have an advantage in terms of stability and less need for additional bone augmentation procedures in healed sites, which might be advantageous for the esthetic zone. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical, radiographic, and esthetic performance of bone level tapered implants placed in healed sites in the maxillary esthetic region during a 1-year evaluation period. Materials and Methods: Thirty participants (15 male, 15 female) with a single-tooth diastema that had healed without an alveolar ridge preservation procedure received a bone level tapered implant. Buccal bone augmentation procedures were performed at implant placement if the labial bone wall thickness was < 2 mm. A provisional crown was connected after a healing phase of 3 months. A definitive crown was placed 3 months after the provisional restoration. Implant stability, peri-implant soft and hard tissue health, esthetics, and patient-reported outcomes were recorded. Results: All the placed implants demonstrated good stability. A labial bone augmentation technique was needed in 23 of the 30 cases. The median implant stability quotient value was 73 (68;76) at implant placement and had increased to 79 (76;81) when the definitive restoration was inserted (P < .005). All patients were present at the 1-year evaluation, and none had lost an implant. The mean loss of marginal bone was 0.07 ± 0.10 mm. The midbuccal mucosa-level recession was 0.14 ± 0.40 mm. There was an overall gain in papilla height: +0.05 ± 0.60 mm mesially and +0.06 ± 0.53 mm distally. Median values of the pink esthetic score and white esthetic score were 6 (4;7 interquartile range) and 8 (7;8.3 interquartile range), respectively. The participants’ mean overall satisfaction was 90.1 ± 6.5 on a visual analog scale. No complications occurred. Conclusion: It can be concluded from a 1-year followup that treatment with the bone level tapered implant system resulted in good implant stability, healthy peri-implant soft and hard tissues, satisfying esthetics, and good patient-reported outcomes. I [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the techniques of isolation in clinical dentistry, comparing Optragate and rubber dam methods. It reports that while Optragate provides good soft tissue retraction and visibility, its efficacy for posterior teeth is inferior to rubber dam, which offers absolute isolation and numerous advantages in dental procedures. It highlights the importance of selecting the right rubber dam sheet based on tear strength, size, and thickness, and the use of rubber dam equipment.

Purpose: To assess the influence of interdental spaces and scanning the palate on the accuracy of maxillary scans acquired using three intraoral scanners (IOSs). Materials and Methods: A virtual completely dentate maxillary cast without interdental spaces was obtained and modified to create 1, 2, and 3 mm of interdental spacing between the anterior teeth. These three files (reference standard tessellation language files) were used to print three reference casts. The reference casts were scanned using three IOSs: TRIOS4, iTero Element 5D, and Aoralscan2. Three groups were created based on the interdental spaces: 0, 1, 2, and 3 mm (n = 10). The groups were subdivided into two subgroups: no palate (NP subgroup) and palate (P subgroup). The reference STL files were used to measure the discrepancy with the experimental scans by calculating the root mean square (RMS) error. Three‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey pairwise comparison tests were used to analyze trueness. The Levene test was used to analyze precision (α = 0.05). Results: Trueness ranged from 91 to 139 μm and precision ranged from 5 to 23 μm among the subgroups tested. A significant correlation was found between IOS*group (p<0.001) and IOS*subgroup (p<0.001). Tukey test showed significant trueness differences among the interdental spaces tested (p<0.001). The 1‐ and 2‐mm groups obtained better trueness than the 0‐ and 3‐mm groups (p<0.001). An 11 μm mean trueness discrepancy was measured among the different interdental space groups tested. The P subgroups demonstrated significantly higher trueness when compared to the NP subgroups (p<0.001). The discrepancy between the maxillary scans with and without the palate was 4 μm. Significant precision discrepancies were found (p = 0.008), with the iTero group showing the lowest precision. Conclusion: Interdental spaces and incorporation of the palate on maxillary intraoral scans influenced trueness and precision of the three IOSs tested. However, the scanning discrepancy measured may be of no clinical relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A maxillary midline diastema is often seen in childhood as part of physiological development, but those persisting after the establishment of the permanent dentition may be a functional and aesthetic concern for which patients seek treatment. The association between an enlarged maxillary labial frenum and a maxillary midline diastema is commonly reported in the literature. However, the aetiologic role of an enlarged frenum is likely to represent only a proportion of diastema cases, and many diastemas exist without the presence of an abnormal frenum. This article provides an overview of the maxillary labial frenectomy and its role in closure of the midline diastema, providing management recommendations for practitioners. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The association between an enlarged maxillary labial frenum and a midline diastema and the management options is useful clinical information [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new rapid and straightforward method along with a related device for finding the three basic parameters of an actual external involute spur gear. The number of teeth is easily counted, but the other two parameters—the module and the coefficient of profile shift—are difficult to identify. The method is based on the principle of inspection of the precision of gear teeth, using the dimension over pins, when the maximum distance is measured between the lateral surfaces of two cylindrical rollers of well-controlled dimensions, placed into the spaces between teeth. The dimension over pins is applied as a function of the number of teeth (odd or even) and requires experience (and this is the main disadvantage of the method) for finding the correct maximum distance between pins. The new method eliminates this drawback as it proposes a measuring scheme where four identical rollers are used in a designed inspection device. The system is statically determinate and, therefore, the dimension to be measured is unequivocally found. A new relation for the dimension to be measured is deduced and allows for finding the module and the coefficient of profile shift. The inspection device is described and a concrete case is presented for exemplifying the methodology. A further application permits finding the centre distance for an external spur gearing. Unlike the classical technique where the centre distance is obtained based on the centring surfaces of the wheels, the new method implies only dimensions measured through flank measurements, thus eliminating errors introduced by the deviations between the flanks and the centring surfaces of the wheels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses corrective jaw surgery, also known as orthognathic surgery, which aims to achieve facial symmetry and improve appearance. It explains that jaw misalignment can cause problems with chewing, speech, and oral health. The surgery involves repositioning the jaws to correct these issues, and it may be accompanied by orthodontic treatment. The article also mentions that the surgery can have positive effects on self-esteem and confidence. It emphasizes the importance of proper planning and evaluation by a team of specialists. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses dental plaque, an invisible substance that causes dental decay. Dental plaque is a biofilm that forms on the surface of teeth and contains millions of bacteria. It is formed when bacteria in the mouth attach themselves to teeth and begin multiplying. Plaque can lead to tooth decay and gum disease if not properly removed through regular brushing and flossing. The article provides information on the effects of plaque, the importance of plaque removal, and proper tooth brushing and flossing techniques. [Extracted from the article]

Gum recession is a common problem that affects both young and older individuals, despite modern oral care facilities. It occurs when the gum tissue shrinks, exposing the roots of the teeth and potentially leading to oral health problems. Gum recession can be caused by factors such as aggressive brushing, inadequate oral hygiene, periodontal disease, tobacco use, misaligned teeth, teeth grinding, and orthodontic work. Symptoms of gum recession include longer-looking teeth, exposed roots, tooth sensitivity, larger spaces between teeth, and cavities below the gum line. While there is no cure for gum recession, non-surgical treatments such as improved oral hygiene, professional dental cleanings, and desensitizing agents can help. In more severe cases, surgical procedures like gum grafting can be performed by a periodontist to replace lost tissue. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: To evaluate clinical outcome of maxillary midline diastema closure using sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers up to 4 years. Materials and Methods: Five female patients with stable maxillary midline diastema were included in the current study and restored with minimal invasive sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers under dental microscope. Esthetic, functional, as well as biologic properties of sectional veneers were evaluated according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria after 1 to 4 years' follow‐up. Results: Based on FDI criteria, all five cases were evaluated as clinically excellent to satisfactory during a mean observation period of 26.4 months. Slight to moderate cervical marginal staining was observed in two cases after 3 to 4 years' follow‐up. Slight white line or ditching of labial surface margin was found in most cases, but it is not easy to be noticed with saliva covering the margins. Conclusions: Sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers presented satisfying clinical outcome with potential long‐term esthetic risk for maxillary midline diastema closure. Clinical Significance: 1. Sectional feldspathic porcelain veneers presented satisfying short to medium term clinical performance when applied to close maxillary midline diastema. 2. The exposure of labial surface margin may increase a long‐term potential esthetic risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with oral desquamative lesions is one of the rare clinical entities. Periodontal disease and SLE display various mechanisms and possess a wide range of pathological characteristics. The tissue destruction mechanism of periodontitis and autoimmune diseases share similar pathways, and mounting reports studied the association between these two entities. The present case is of a 24-year-old female patient who complained of generalized widening of spaces in between the teeth. Along with it, She suffered from loss of hair, weakness, edema in the legs as well as arthralgia. The patient was identified to be suffering from SLE according to the American Rheumatism Association and European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology criteria 1 year before she reported to the dentist. She suffered from hair loss, weakness, arthralgia as well as edema in the legs. Based on the oral, clinical, and radiographic findings, she was diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis case. After nonsurgical periodontal treatment, the flap was reflected, debridement was done, after root conditioning with tetracycline, bovine osseous xenograft was placed in all the sites where ever there is angular bone loss, later sutured with interrupted direct loop suturing technique with 4-0 silk suture. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was done every 6 weeks to check the progress of the treatment. 6 months and 8-year follow-up revealed satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes. Based on the present case report and the previous literature, we recommend the use of xenograft in treating aggressive periodontitis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, published in the Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, presents the findings of a study on the extraction of upper wisdom teeth. The study included 60 patients, with a nearly equal distribution of men and women. The most common reason for extraction was complications from carious lesions. Simple forceps extraction was the most commonly used technique, while root separation was less common. Intraoperative accidents occurred in 33% of cases, with radicular fracture being the most common. Postoperative complications occurred in 15% of cases, with hemorrhage and soft tissue edema being the most common. The study suggests that further research should be conducted on a larger group of patients. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Clear aligner therapy has become increasingly popular in recent years, although it has encountered several difficulties in premolar extraction treatment. These difficulties include anterior dentition, lingual tipping and extrusion. The design of the present clinical scheme usually set a tiny space between the anterior teeth before retraction in order to obtain an ideal outcome. The objective of our research was to analyze the effect of the existing spaces during retraction. Methods: Models including maxillary dentition without first premolars, maxilla, periodontal ligaments, gingiva, or aligners were constructed and imported to an ANSYS workbench. Five groups of models were created: without spaces and with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mm spaces between the anterior dentition. A 0.20 mm retraction step was applied to all the groups. Results: As the spaces between the anterior dentition increased, the bowing effect of the aligner caused by the passive forces decreased gradually. Accordingly, the degree of extrusion of the anterior dentition was alleviated significantly, while sagittal movement was reduced. However, the overall movement tended to be a bodily displacement rather than tipping. Meanwhile, maximum Von Mises stress of the periodontal ligaments (PDLs) was markedly decreased. Conclusion: These analyses indicate that spaces between the anterior dentition during anterior retraction are beneficial for decreasing the tendency for extrusion of the anterior dentition and require provision of anchorage. Appropriate spaces can be designed to lest the lingual tipping and extrusion effect of the anterior teeth while simultaneously reducing the maximum stresses on PDLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining the appropriate technique for diastema closure is challenging, and the decision must be evidence based. The objective of these case reports is to describe different approaches to diastema closure using direct and indirect techniques, focusing on the characteristics of the patient and clinical requirements to guide treat-ment. In the first case, a 16-year-old patient had multiple diastemas in the maxillary anterior dentition. The clinical evaluation revealed microdontia of the lateral incisors and malpositioned teeth. The treatment included tooth whitening and placement of composite resin veneers using a direct technique. In the second case, a 54-year-old patient displayed a disharmonious and esthetically compromised smile due to small teeth, color changes, multiple diastemas, incisai wear, and severe dentogingi-val disproportion. Based on the patient's expectations, the patient's age, and the presence of a "black triangle" interdental space, a multidisciplinary restorative treatment was proposed, including gingivoplasty, tooth whitening, and placement of ceramic laminate veneers using an indirect technique. Both approaches achieved successful esthetic rehabilitation and diastema closure with minimal intervention. The choice of procedure and restorative material, as well as the need for tooth preparation, varied based on the clinical requirements, patient expectations, and financial constraints. Careful treatment planning avoided lengthy and inefficient procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this research study, we delve into the effects of smoking cessation programs on the progression of periodontal disease, particularly focusing on the potential benefits experienced by individuals who successfully quit smoking. Materials And Methods: The research involved the participation of 200 individuals, all of whom were active smokers and exhibited varying degrees of periodontal disease. These participants enrolled in a comprehensive smoking cessation program that included regular counseling sessions and, when necessary, the provision of nicotine replacement therapy to facilitate smoking cessation. Over a 12-month period, the progression of their periodontal disease was systematically monitored through a series of dental check-ups and measurements of critical clinical parameters. These parameters included probing depth (PD), which assesses the spaces between teeth and gums, and clinical attachment level (CAL), which evaluates the attachment of gum tissue to tooth surfaces. Results: After 12 months of active participation in the smoking cessation program, several noteworthy results were observed among the participants. On average, participants experienced a reduction in PD by approximately 1.5 mm, indicating a shallower space between the teeth and gums and, thus, healthier periodontal tissues. In addition, the CAL improved by an average of 1.2 mm, signifying enhanced attachment of gum tissue to the tooth surface, which is essential for dental stability. Participants also exhibited a significant reduction in plaque accumulation on tooth surfaces, indicative of improved oral hygiene practices. Furthermore, gingival inflammation, a common symptom of periodontal disease, notably decreased among participants, suggesting an overall improvement in gum health. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides compelling evidence supporting the positive impact of smoking cessation programs on the progression of periodontal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of tartar and its impact on oral health. It explains that dental plaque, a sticky film that forms on teeth, is the precursor to tartar. Plaque contains bacteria that can convert carbohydrates into enamel-decaying acids, leading to dental problems. If plaque is not removed, it can harden into tartar, which is more difficult to remove and can cause further damage to teeth and gums. The article emphasizes the importance of regular brushing, flossing, and dental cleanings to prevent tartar buildup and maintain good oral health. It also provides tips for controlling tartar, such as using the proper brushing technique, using tartar-control toothpaste, flossing daily, and watching one's diet. The article concludes by recommending regular dental visits to remove plaque and tartar and prevent oral complications. [Extracted from the article]

Patients with missing anterior teeth along with diastema or generalised spacing present as a peculiar clinical situation. For patients seeking fixed modality of treatment and who wish to retain their existing diastema or spacing, rehabilitation with a conventional fixed dental prosthesis, resin bonded fixed dental prosthesis would lead to unesthetic results leaving them with limited treatment options. Loop connector fixed dental prosthesis is a simple solution for such patients with excellent treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Clinical Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A new species of Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 is described from the rio Apiacás, a tributary of the rio Teles Pires, rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The new taxon can be distinguished from all congeners, except those belonging to the Astyanax bimaculatus species group and to the Astyanaxorthodus species group, by the presence of a horizontally elongated to rounded humeral blotch. The new taxon can be readily distinguished from all species belonging to the A. bimaculatus species group and to the A. orthodus species group by presenting a distinct morphology in premaxillary and dentary teeth with conspicuous diastema (a teeth gap) between them. We also present a hypothesis about the phylogenetic relationships of the new taxon within Astyanax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A set of evenly shaped anterior teeth and good soft tissue (pink) to tooth (white) ratio makes a harmonious and pleasing smile. Peg lateral is one of the most common morphological anomalies in the Indian population with an incidence of 9.14% has been recorded. Case Summary: Minimally invasive bonded restorations were planned to transform the smile of a 36-year-old male patient, who presented with peg laterals causing a dissatisfied smile. A pleasing smile was achieved with smile designing, use of LASERs and ceramic veneers. Ceramics veneers have a 20 year long tested clinical survival rate of 91.73%. Conclusion: Minimal preparation ceramic veneers can be the ideal conservative management for diastema caused due to morphological aberrations when case selection is done meticulously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study's objective was to assess the accuracy (trueness and precision) of orthodontic models obtained from crowded and spaced dentition finalized for the production of clear aligners. Four 3D printers featuring different technologies and market segments were used for this purpose. Methods: Two digital master models were obtained from two patients featuring respectively crowded dentition (CM group) and diastema/edentulous spaces (DEM group). The 3D printers tested were: Form 3B (SLA technology, medium-professional segment), Vector 3SP (SLA technology, industrial segment), Asiga Pro 4K65 (DLP technology, high-professional segment), and Anycubic Photon M3 (LCD technology, entry-level segment). Each 3D printed model was scanned and superimposed onto the reference master model and digital deviation analysis was performed to assess the trueness and precision calculated as root mean square (RMS). All data were statistically examined to obtain intra-group and inter-groups comparisons(p 0.05). Results: In both CM and DEM groups, SLA 3D printers (Vector 3SP and Form 3B) showed lower trueness error compared to DLP/LCD technologies (Asiga Pro 4K65, Anycubic Photon M3) (p < 0.001). In general, the entry-level printer (Anycubic Photon M3) showed the greatest trueness error (p < 0.001). Comparing CM and DEM models generated with the same 3D printer, statistically significant differences were found only for Asiga Pro 4k65 and Anycubic Photon M3 printers (p > 0.05). Concerning data of precision, the DLP technology (Asiga Pro 4k65) showed lower error compared to the other 3D printers tested. The trueness and precision errors were within the accepted clinical error for clear aligner manufacturing (< 0.25 mm), with the entry-level 3D printer nearly reaching this value. Conclusions: The accuracy of orthodontic models generated for clear aligners can be affected by different 3D printer technologies and anatomical characteristics of dental arches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reattachment is the treatment option which immediately reconnects the broken part of clinical tooth crown to the residual part of the tooth in the oral cavity. O 3.6 CBCT could aid in the diagnosis and treatment of supernumerary teeth in children - a retr... Hillaert L*, Rajasekharan S, Van Acker J ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) research group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health... B Aim: b To compare patient data, device settings, and descriptive data for each supernumerary tooth diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in children against the quality, usefulness, confidence in the treatment plan, and the recommendation for CBCT itself. Patients scheduled to receive dental procedures not requiring local anaesthesia (eg, fluoride therapy) were assigned to Group A, and patients scheduled to receive painful dental procedures requiring local anaesthesia (eg, pulp therapy, teeth extraction) were assigned to Group B. Patients in each group were randomly assigned and were equally likely to either receive VR during their dental procedure, or treatment as usual (without VR). An overall rehabilitation was performed by different therapeutic steps: reinforcement of oral hygiene; restoration of the posterior teeth (with stainless steel crowns, CAD/CAM onlays or direct resin composites); bleaching of anterior lower teeth; and restoration of anterior upper teeth (with mock-up, before resin composite veneers and/or crowns). OPD 3.15 Reattachment as a treatment option in teeth injury Vasakova J* School of Dental Medicine, General Teaching Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine in Prague,... B Introduction: b Teeth injury at children is the second most often reason for dental visit. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective evaluation was to assess the short‐term outcome of two monoshade universal resin composites with high chameleon effect in anterior direct veneer and diastema closure restorations, and to investigate the possible reasons for failure. Material and Methods: Patients subjected to veneer and diastema closure restorations with two monoshade universal resin composites (Essentia Universal Shade; EU, GC Corp., and Omnichroma; OC, Tokuyama) operated between January 2018 and March 2019 were selected for the present retrospective evaluation. A total of 159 composite restorations (78 veneers and 81 diastema closure restorations) performed by a single operator in 44 patients (mean age: 33.6) were included in the study. Two blinded and calibrated examiners performed 1‐ and 2‐year assessments of the restorations with respect to FDI criteria, using medical/clinical history and dental photography records. Data were analyzed using Pearson Chi‐square with Continuity Correction, Fisher's Exact tests, and Cox regression (a < 0.05). Results: The cumulative overall survival rates of EU and OC restorations were 94.6% (97.3% for the first year) and 88.6% (95.3% for the first year), respectively, with no significant difference from each other (p = 0.316). The cumulative overall survival rates of direct veneer and diastema closure restoration types were 90.2% (95.1% for the first year) and 92.4% (97.4% for the first year), respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.559). The reasons for failure were evaluated as fracture of the restoration, failure in esthetic anatomical form, and color mismatch. All the failed direct veneer restorations were due to fractures (FDI score of 5.4), whereas 5 of 6 failed diastema closure restorations were due to color mismatch (FDI score of 3.4). Regarding the composite materials, there were no significant differences between the success rates of the restoration types (p = 0.442 for EU, p = 1.000 for OC). With respect to the restoration types, there were also no significant differences between the success rates of the resin‐based composites (p = 1.000 for direct veneer restorations and p = 0.228 for the diastema closure restorations). In addition, no significant difference was observed between male and female patients regarding the acceptable and unacceptable scores (p = 1.000). Conclusions: The 2‐year clinical performance of the two monoshade universal composites in anterior veneer and diastema closure restorations were both considered successful and similar. Despite the lack of shade selection, both monoshade universal composites presented a successful color match. However, the diastema closure restorations might be more prone to color mismatch compared to the veneers over time, while veneer restorations presented more fractures than the diastema closure restorations. Clinical Significance: Monoshade universal composites presented successful short‐term clinical outcomes regarding both function and esthetics in anterior direct veneer and diastema closure restorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the classic concepts of prosthodontics the treatment of a patient presenting severely worn and dischromic dentition would involve a complex and demolitive treatment including periodontal surgery, endodontic therapy, posts and cores, and crowns; nowadays these problems can be solved with noninvasive procedures that allow preservation of dental and periodontal tissues. This article describes the interdisciplinary team approach (orthodontist, dental technician, prosthodontist) for the treatment of a patient showing attrition of the mandibular incisors in a deep bite relationship, contraction of the posterior sextants of both arches, diastemas in the anterior region of the maxilla, and highly dischromic teeth. The gingival tissue levels and the tooth malposition were corrected by orthodontic therapy, the abraded and the healthy dischromic teeth were restored with 20 additional veneers (the molars were the only teeth not involved in the restorative phase); tooth structure, tooth vitality, and bone level were maintained. No provisional restorations were delivered and no anesthesia was necessary either for tooth preparation or final impression. A protocol is shown to treat in a conservative and comfortable manner the structural and esthetic problems in a patient presenting highly dischromic teeth, worn mandibular incisors, and diastemas on the maxillary sextant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]