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28 results on '"DI GRAZIA, L."'

1. Magnetic Control Strategies for the Breakdown and Early Ramp-up in Large Tokamaks

Author

Di Grazia L. E., Mattei M., Pironti A., Villone F., Di Grazia, L. E., Mattei, M., Pironti, A., and Villone, F.

Subjects
plasma breakdown, plasma magnetic control, tokamak, nuclear fusion
Abstract

Magnetic control for plasma initiation in a tokamak is mainly achieved with a feedforward voltage control action pre-computed on the basis of a model of the plant. In medium/large tokamaks, plasma breakdown is dominated by eddy currents induced in the passive structures producing a stray field perturbation to be compensated. There are two main ways to counteract uncertainties in the model used for the design: to iteratively correct the feedfoward control action on the basis of the field reconstructed offline after experiments and/or to adopt a feedback control of the vacuum fields estimated on line. This paper describes methodologies and tools to implement magnetic control strategies including optimization of the feedfoward action, reconstruction of the field map in the plasma chamber, fast feedforward corrections, and feedback control of radial and vertical fields. A collection of numerical simulations on ITER, DEMO and JT60-SA are illustrated.

Published
2022

2. Erratum: Integrated design strategy for EU-DEMO first wall protection from plasma transients (Fusion Engineering and Design (2022) 177, (113067) (S0920379622000679), (10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113067))

Author

Maviglia, F., Bachmann, C., Federici, G., Franke, T., Siccinio, M., Albanese, R., Ambrosino, R., Arter, W., Bonifetto, R., Calabro, G., De Luca, R., Di Grazia, L. E., Fable, E., Fanelli, P., Fanni, A., Firdaouss, M., Gerardin, J., Lombroni, R., Mattei, M., Moscheni, M., Morris, W., Pautasso, G., Pestchanyi, S., Ramogida, G., Richiusa, M. L., Sias, G., Subba, F., Villone, F., You, J. -H., Vizvary, Z., Maviglia, F., Bachmann, C., Federici, G., Franke, T., Siccinio, M., Albanese, R., Ambrosino, R., Arter, W., Bonifetto, R., Calabro, G., De Luca, R., Di Grazia, L. E., Fable, E., Fanelli, P., Fanni, A., Firdaouss, M., Gerardin, J., Lombroni, R., Mattei, M., Moscheni, M., Morris, W., Pautasso, G., Pestchanyi, S., Ramogida, G., Richiusa, M. L., Sias, G., Subba, F., Villone, F., You, J. -H., and Vizvary, Z.

Abstract

The publisher regrets that Table 1 has the wrong formatting. The correct version of the table is hereafter reported: The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

Published
2022

3. Plasma magnetic control for DEMO tokamak using MPC

Author

Tartaglione G., Ariola M., Bie W., Di Grazia L. E., Mattei M., Mele A., Tartaglione, G., Ariola, M., Bie, W., Di Grazia, L. E., Mattei, M., and Mele, A.

Abstract

This paper proposes a model predictive controller (MPC) designed to tackle the magnetic control of the DEMO plasma. DEMO is an ambitious EU project aimed at the construction by 2050 of a tokamak demonstrating that energy from nuclear fusion can be conveniently commercially used. Magnetic control is one of the problems to be solved to operate the machine. Using MPC, in this paper it is shown how it is possible to take into account all the various constraints on the input and state variables during the controller design. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by means of simulations, using a validated nonlinear evolution code describing the interactions between the plasma and the surrounding metallic strictures.

Published
2022

6. ITALIAN CANCER FIGURES - REPORT 2015: The burden of rare cancers in Italy = I TUMORI IN ITALIA - RAPPORTO 2015: I tumori rari in Italia

Author

Busco, Susanna, Buzzoni, Carlotta, Mallone, Sandra, Trama, Annalisa, Castaing, Marine, Bella, Francesca, Amodio, Rosalba, Bizzoco, Sabrina, Cassetti, Tiziana, Cirilli, Claudia, Cusimano, Rosanna, De Angelis, Roberta, Fusco, Mario, Gatta, Gemma, Gennaro, Valerio, Giacomin, Adriano, Giorgi Rossi, Paolo, Mangone, Lucia, Mannino, Salvatore, Rossi, Silvia, Pierannunzio, Daniela, Tavilla, Andrea, Tognazzo, Sandro, Tumino, Rosario, Vicentini, Massimo, Vitale, Maria Francesca, Crocetti, Emanuele, Dal Maso, Luigino, Mazzoleni, G, Bulatko, A, Devigili, E, Tschugguel, B, De Valiere, E, Facchinelli, G, Falk, M, Vittadello, F, Coviello, V, Cuccaro, F, Calabrese, A, Pinto, A, Cannone, G, Vitali, Me, Sampietro, G, Ghisleni, S, Giavazzi, L, Zanchi, A, Zucchi, A, Giacomin, A, Vercellino, Pc, Andreone, S, Fedele, M, Barale, A, Germinetti, F, Magoni, M, Zani, G, Salvi, O, Puleio, M, Gerevini, C, Adorni, A, Chiesa, R, Lonati, F, Tumino, R, Cascone, G, Frasca, G, Giurdanella, Mc, Martorana, C, Morana, G, Nicita, C, Rollo, Pc, Ruggeri, Mg, Spata, E, Vacirca, S, Sciacca, S, Sciacchitano, C, Fidelbo, M, Paderni, F, Benedetto, G, Vasquez, E, Bella, F, Calabretta, L, Castaing, M, Di Prima, A, Ieni, A, Leone, A, Pesce, P, Sciacchitano, S, Torrisi, A, Varvarà, M, Sutera Sardo, A, Mazzei, A, Lavecchia, Am, Mancuso, P, Nocera, V, Gola, G, Corti, M, Grandi, L, Caparelli, M, Mannino, S, Belluardo, C, Bizzoco, S, Davini, C, Lucchi, S, Villa, M, Anghinoni, E, Di Norcia, R, Ferretti, S, Biavati, P, Marzola, L, Migliari, E, Carletti, N, Petrucci, C, Brosio, F, Piccinni, L, Valente, N, Barchielli, A, Buzzoni, C, Caldarella, A, Corbinelli, A, Di Dia PP, Intrieri, T, Manneschi, G, Nemcova, L, Susini, N, Visoli, C, Zappa, M, Serraino, D, Angelin, T, Bidoli, E, Birri, S, Dal Maso, L, De Dottori, M, De Santis, E, Forgiarini, O, Zucchetto, A, Zanier, L, Filiberti, Ra, Casella, C, Marani, E, Puppo, A, Celesia, Mv, Cogno, R, Garrone, E, Pannozzo, F, Busco, S, Rashid, I, Ramazzotti, V, Cercato, Mc, Natali, M, Battisti, W, Sperduti, I, Macci, L, Bugliarello, E, Bernazza, E, Tamburo, L, Rossi, M, Curatella, S, Tamburrino, S, Fattoruso, S, Valerio, O, Melcarne, A, Quarta, F, Golizia, Mg, Raho, Am, De Maria, V, Vitarelli, S, Ricci, P, Guarda, L, Gatti, L, Pironi, V, Pasolini, A, Bordini, M, Autelitano, M, Ghilardi, S, Leone, R, Filipazzi, L, Bonini, A, Giubelli, C, Russo, Ag, Quattrocchi, M, Distefano, R, Panciroli, E, Bellini, A, Pinon, M, Spinosa, S, Spagnoli, G, Goldoni, Ca, Valla, K, Braghiroli, B, Cirilli, C, Donini, M, Amendola, V, Cavalieri d'Oro, L, Rognoni, M, Le Rose, L, Merlo, E, Negrino, L, Pezzuto, L, Fusco, M, Bellatalla, C, Panico, M, Perrotta, C, Vassante, B, Vitale, Mf, Usala, M, Pala, F, Sini, Gm, Pintori, N, Canu, L, Demurtas, G, Doa, N, Vitale, F, Cusimano, R, Traina, A, Guttadauro, A, Cascio, Ma, Mannino, R, Ravazzolo, B, Brucculeri, Ma, Rudisi, G, Adamo, Ms, Amodio, R, Costa, A, Zarcone, M, Sunseri, R, Bucalo, G, Trapani, C, Staiti, R, Michiara, M, Bozzani, F, Sgargi, P, Borciani, E, Seghini, P, Faccini, F, Prazzoli, R, Mangone, L, Di Felice, E, Pezzarossi, A, Caroli, S, Sacchettini, C, Ferrari, F, Roncaglia, F, Vicentini, M, Falcini, F, Colamartini, A, Bucchi, L, Balducci, C, Ravegnani, M, Vitali, B, Cordaro, C, Caprara, L, Giuliani, O, Giorgetti, S, Palumbo, M, Vattiato, R, Ravaioli, A, Mancini, S, Caiazzo, Al, Cavallo, R, Colavolpe, Af, D'Alessandro, A, Iannelli, A, Lombardo, C, Senatore, G, Sensi, F, Cesaraccio, R, Sechi, O, Pirino, D, Mura, F, Contrino, Ml, Madeddu, A, Tisano, F, Muni, A, Dinaro, Y, Mizzi, M, Sacco, G, Aletta, P, Ziino, Ac, Maspero, S, Fanetti, Ac, Moroni, E, Cometti, I, Annulli, Ml, Cecconami, L, Minerba, S, Minicuzzi, A, Zanetti, R, Rosso, S, Patriarca, S, Prandi, R, Sobrato, I, Gilardi, F, Busso, P, Sacchetto, L, Candela, G, Scuderi, T, Crapanzano, G, Taranto, V, Piffer, S, Gentilini, Ma, Rizzello, R, Cappelletti, M, Stracci, F, D'Alò, D, Scheibel, M, Costarelli, D, Spano, F, Rossini, S, Santucci, C, Petrinelli, Am, Solimene, C, Bianconi, F, Brunori, V, Tagliabue, G, Contiero, P, Tittarelli, A, Fabiano, S, Maghini, A, Codazzi, T, Frassoldi, E, Gada, D, di Grazia, L, Ruzza, Mr, Dei Tos AP, Baracco, M, Baracco, S, Bovo, E, Dal Cin, A, Fiore, Ar, Greco, A, Guzzinati, S, Monetti, D, Rosano, A, Stocco, C, Tognazzo, S, Zorzi, M, Merletti, F, Magnani, C, Pastore, G, Terracini, B, Alessi, D, Cena, T, Lazzarato, F, Macerata, V, Maule, M, Mosso, Ml, Sacerdote, C, Cocchioni, M, Pascucci, C, Ponz de Leon, M, Domati, F, Rossi, G, Kaleci, S, Rossi, F, Benatti, P, Roncucci, L, Di Gregorio, C, Magnani, G, Pedroni, M, Maffei, S, Mariani, F, Reggiani-Bonetti, L, Gennaro, V, Benfatto, L, Lando, C, Mazzucco, G, Romanelli, A, Storchi, C, Sala, O, Gabbi, C, and Buzzoni, C.

Published
2016

7. I TUMORI IN ITALIA - RAPPORTO 2013: Tumori multipli = ITALIAN CANCER FIGURES - REPORT 2013: Multiple tumours

Author

Adamo, Ms, Alessi, D, Aletta, P, Amodio, R, Andreone, S, Angelin, T, Anghinoni, E, Annulli, Ml, Antonini, S, Artioli, Me, Autelitano, M, Balducci, C, Balottari, P, Baracco, M, Battisti, W, Bella, F, Bellatalla, C, Belluardo, C, Benatti, P, Benedetto, G, Benfatto, L, Bernazza, E, Bianconi, F, Biavati, P, Bidoli, E, Birri, S, Bizzoco, S, Bonelli, L, Bonini, A, Borciani, E, Bovo, E, Bozzani, F, Bozzeda, A, Braghiroli, B, Brucculeri, Ma, Brunori, V, Bucalo, G, Bucchi, L, Bugliarello, E, Bulatko, A, Busco, S, Busso, P, Buzzoni, C, Calabretta, L, Caldarella, A, Candela, G, Canu, L, Cappelletti, M, Caprara, L, Carboni, D, Carletti, N, Caroli, S, Carone, S, Cascio, Ma, Cascone, G, Casella, C, Castaing, M, Cecconami, L, Celesia, Mv, Cena, T, Cercato, Mc, Cesaraccio, R, Chiesa, R, Cirilli, C, Civaschi, A, Cocchioni, Mario, Codazzi, T, Cogno, R, Colamartini, A, Colanino Ziino, A, Cometti, I, Contiero, P, Contrino, Ml, Corbinelli, A, Cordaro, C, Corti, M, Costa, A, Costarelli, D, Cremone, L, Crocetti, E, Curatella, S, Cusimano, R, D'Alò, D, D'Angelo, S, Dal Cappello, T, Dal Cin, A, Dal Maso, L, Dall'Acqua, M, Dalsasso, F, Davini, C, De Dottori, M, De Maria, V, De Santis, E, De Valiere, E, Dei Tos AP, Demurtas, G, Devigli, E, Di Felice, E, di Grazia, L, Di Gregorio, C, Di Prima, A, Distefano, R, Doa, N, Domati, F, Fabiano, S, Facchinelli, G, Falcini, F, Falk, M, Fanetti, Ac, Fattoruso, S, Federico, M, Ferrari, L, Ferretti, S, Fidelbo, M, Filipazzi, L, Fiore, Ar, Fiori, G, Foca, F, Forgiarini, O, Frasca, G, Frassoldi, E, Frizza, J, Fusco, M, Gada, D, Garrone, E, Gasparotti, C, Gatti, L, Gaudiano, C, Gennaro, V, Gentilini, M, Gerevini, C, Ghilardi, S, Ghisleni, S, Giacomin, A, Giavazzi, L, Gilardi, F, Giorgetti, S, Giubelli, C, Giuliani, O, Giurdanella, Mc, Gola, G, Goldoni, Ca, Golizia, Mg, Grandi, L, Greco, A, Guarda, L, Guttadauro, A, Guzzinati, S, Iachetta, F, Iannelli, A, Ieni, A, Intrieri, T, Kaleci, S, La Rosa, F, Lando, C, Lavecchia, Am, Lazzarato, F, Leone, A, Leone, R, Lonati, F, Lottero, B, Lucchi, S, Luminari, S, Macci, L, Macerata, V, Madeddu, A, Maffei, S, Maghini, A, Magnani, C, Magnani, G, Magoni, M, Mameli, G, Mancini, S, Mancuso, P, Mangone, L, Manneschi, G, Mannino, R, Mannino, S, Marani, E, Mariani, F, Martorana, C, Marzola, L, Maspero, S, Maule, M, Mazzei, A, Mazzoleni, G, Mazzucco, G, Melcarne, A, Merletti, F, Michiara, M, Migliari, E, Minerba, S, Minicuzzi, A, Mizzi, M, Monetti, D, Morana, G, Moroni, E, Mosso, Ml, Muni, A, Mura, F, Natali, M, Nemcova, L, Nicita, C, Ocello, C, Paci, E, Pala, F, Palumbo, M, Panico, M, Pannozzo, F, Pascucci, Cristiana, Pastore, G, Patriarca, S, Pedroni, M, Pellegri, C, Perrotta, C, Pesce, P, Petrinelli, Am, Petrucci, C, Pezzarossi, A, Piffer, S, Pintori, N, Pirani, M, Pirino, D, Pironi, V, Ponz de Leon, M, Prandi, R, Prazzoli, R, Preto, L, Puleio, M, Puppo, A, Quaglia, A, Quarta, F, Quattrocchi, M, Raho, Am, Ramazzotti, V, Rashid, I, Ravaioli, A, Ravazzolo, B, Ravegnani, M, Reggiani Bonetti, L, Ribaudo, M, Rinaldi, E, Ricci, P, Rizzello, R, Rollo, Pc, Roncucci, L, Rosano, A, Rossi, F, Rossi, G, Rossi, M, Rossini, S, Rosso, S, Rudisi, G, Ruggeri, Mg, Russo, Ag, Russo, M, Sacchettini, C, Sacco, G, Sacerdote, C, Salvatore, S, Salvi, O, Sampietro, G, Sandrini, M, Santucci, C, Scheibel, M, Schiacchitano, S, Sciacca, S, Sciacchitano, C, Scuderi, T, Sechi, O, Seghini, P, Senatore, G, Serafini, G, Serraino, D, Sgargi, P, Sigona, A, Sini, Gm, Sobrato, I, Soddu, M, Solimene, C, Spano, F, Spata, E, Sperduti, I, Staiti, R, Stocco, C, Stracci, F, Sunseri, R, Sardo, As, Tagliabue, G, Tamburo, L, Tamburrino, S, Tanzarella, M, Terracini, B, Tessandori, R, Tisano, F, Tittarelli, A, Tognazzo, S, Torrisi, A, Traina, A, Trapani, C, Tschugguel, B, Tumino, R, Usala, M, Vacirca, S, Valerio, O, Valla, K, Varvarà, M, Vasquez, E, Vassante, B, Vattiato, R, Vercelli, M, Vercellino, Pc, Vicentini, M, Villa, M, Vitale, F, Vitale, Mf, Vitali, B, Vitarelli, Susanna, Zanchi, A, Zanetti, R, Zani, G, Zanier, L, Zappa, M, Zarcone, M, Zevola, A, Zucchetto, A, and Zucchi, A.

Published
2013

8. Italian cancer figures, report 2011: Survival of cancer patients in Italy

Author

Fusco, M, Buzzoni, C, Coviello, E, Rashid, I, Bianconi, F, Cuccaro, F, Castaing, M, De Angelis, R, Giacomin, A, Guzzinati, S, Mosso, Ml, Pisani, P, Quaglia, A, Randi, G, Ramazzotti, V, Russo, A, Senatore, G, Stracci, F, Traina, A, Vercelli, M, Zarcone, M, Ferretti, S, Mazzoleni, G, Bellú, F, Tschugguel, B, De Valiere, E, Facchinelli, G, Falk, M, Dal Cappello, T, Vercellino, Pc, Andreone, S, Busato, A, Marzola, L, Migliari, E, Carletti, N, Nenci, I, Crocetti, E, Caldarella, A, Corbinelli, A, Giusti, F, Intrieri, T, Manneschi, G, Nemcova, L, Romeo, G, Sacchettini, C, Zappa, M, Paci, E, Serraino, D, Angelin, T, Bidoli, E, Dal Maso, L, de Dottori, M, De Paoli, A, De Santis, E, Forgiarini, O, Lise, M, Zucchetto, A, Zanier, L, Orengo, Ma, Casella, C, Marani, E, Puppo, A, Celesia, Mv, Cogno, R, Manenti, S, Garrone, E, Pannozzo, F, Busco, S, Cercato, Mc, Battisti, W, Sperduti, I, Macci, L, Bugliarello, E, Bernazza, E, Tamburo, L, Rossi, M, Curatella, S, De Francesco, C, Tamburrino, S, Bisanti, L, Autelitano, M, Ghilardi, S, Leone, R, Filipazzi, L, Bonini, A, Giubelli, C, Federico, M, Artioli, Me, Valla, K, Braghiroli, B, Cirilli, C, Luminari, S, Pirani, M, Ferrari, L, Bellatalla, C, Panico, M, Perrotta, C, Vassante, B, Vitale, Mf, Michiara, M, Bozzani, F, Sgargi, P, Tumino, R, La Rosa MG, Cascone, G, Frasca, G, Giurdanella, Mc, Martorana, C, Morana, G, Nicita, C, Rollo, Pc, Ruggeri, Mg, Sigona, A, Spata, E, Vacirca, S, Mangone, L, Di Felice, E, Pezzarossi, A, Caroli, S, Pellegri, C, Vicentini, M, Storchi, C, Cavuto, S, Costa, J, Falcini, F, Colamartini, A, Bucchi, L, Balducci, C, Ravegnani, M, Vitali, B, Cordaro, C, Caprara, L, Giuliani, O, Giorgetti, S, Salvatore, S, Palumbo, M, Vattiato, R, Ravaioli, A, Foca, F, Rinaldi, E, Mancini, S, Tonelli, C, Amadori, M, Cremone, L, Iannelli, A, Zevola, A, Budroni, M, Cesaraccio, R, Pirino, D, Carboni, D, Fiori, G, Soddu, M, Mameli, G, Mura, F, Contrino, Ml, Madeddu, A, Tisano, F, Sciacca, S, Muni, A, Mizzi, M, Russo, M, Sacco, G, Aletta, P, Colanino Ziino, A, Tessandori, R, Fanetti, Ac, Maspero, S, Annulli, Ml, Moroni, E, Sanoja Gonzalez ME, Zanetti, R, Rosso, S, Patriarca, S, Prandi, R, Sobrato, I, Gilardi, F, Busso, P, Piffer, S, Gentilini, Ma, Battisti, L, Rizzello, R, Cappelletti, M, Moser, M, La Rosa, F, D'Alò, D, Scheibel, M, Costarelli, D, Spano, F, Rossini, S, Santucci, C, Petrinelli, Am, Solimene, C, Brunori, V, Crosignani, P, Tagliabue, G, Contiero, P, Preto, L, Tittarelli, A, Maghini, A, Codazzi, T, Frassoldi, E, Gada, D, Costa, E, di Grazia, L, Zambon, P, Baracco, M, Bovo, E, Dal Cin, A, Fiore, Ar, Greco, A, Monetti, D, Rosano, A, Stocco, C, Tognazzo, S, Donato, Francesco, Limina, Rosa Maria, Adorni, A, Andreis, P, Zani, G, Piovani, F, Salvi, O, Puleio, M, Vitarelli, S, Antonini, S, Candela, G, Pappalardo, G, Scuderi, T, Lottero, B, Ribaudo, M, Ricci, P, Guarda, L, Gatti, L, Bozzeda, A, Dall'Acqua, M, Pironi, V, Sutera Sardo, A, Mazzei, A, Sirianni, N, Lavecchia, Am, Mancuso, P, Usala, M, Pala, F, Sini, Gm, Pintori, N, Canu, L, Demurtas, G, Doa, N, Ponz de Leon, M, Domati, F, Rossi, G, Goldoni, Ca, Rossi, F, De Gaetani, C, Benatti, P, Roncucci, L, Di Gregorio, C, Pedroni, M, Pezzi, A, Maffei, S, Mariani, F, Borsi, E, Carruba, G, Cusimano, R, Amodio, R, Dolcemascolo, C, Staiti, R, Pastore, G, Magnani, C, Terracini, B, Cena, T, Alessi, D, Baussano, I, Merletti, F, Maule, M, Macerata, V, Cocchioni, M, Pascucci, C, Gennaro, V, Lazzarotto, A, Benfatto, L, Mazzucco, G, and Montanaro, F.

Subjects
Survival, Italy, cancer patients
Published
2011

9. I tumori in Italia. Rapporto 2011: La sopravvivenza dei pazienti oncologici in Italia

Author

Fusco M, Airtum Working G. R. O. U. P., Buzzoni, C., Coviello, E., Rashid, I., Bianconi, F., Cuccaro, F., Castaing, M., Angelis, R., Giacomin, A., Guzzinati, S., Mosso, Ml, Pisani, P., Quaglia, A., Randi, G., Ramazzotti, V., Russo, A., Senatore, G., Stracci, F., Traina, A., Vercelli, M., Zarcone, M., Ferretti, S., Mazzoleni, G., Bellú, F., Tschugguel, B., Valiere, E., Facchinelli, G., Falk, M., Dal Cappello, T., Vercellino, Pc, Andreone, S., Busato, A., Marzola, L., Migliari, E., Carletti, N., Nenci, I., Crocetti, E., Caldarella, A., Corbinelli, A., Giusti, F., Intrieri, T., Manneschi, G., Nemcova, L., Romeo, G., Sacchettini, C., Zappa, M., Paci, E., Serraino, D., Angelin, T., Bidoli, E., Dal Maso, L., Dottori, M., Paoli, A., Santis, E., Forgiarini, O., Lise, M., Zucchetto, A., Zanier, L., Orengo, Ma, Casella, C., Marani, E., Puppo, A., Celesia, Mv, Cogno, R., Manenti, S., Garrone, E., Pannozzo, F., Busco, S., Cercato, Mc, Battisti, W., Sperduti, I., Macci, L., Bugliarello, E., Bernazza, E., Tamburo, L., Rossi, M., Curatella, S., Francesco, C., Tamburrino, S., Bisanti, L., Autelitano, M., Ghilardi, S., Leone, R., Filipazzi, L., Bonini, A., Giubelli, C., Federico, Massimo, Artioli, Me, Valla, K., Braghiroli, B., Cirilli, C., stefano luminari, Pirani, M., Ferrari, L., Bellatalla, C., Fusco, M., Panico, M., Perrotta, C., Vassante, B., Vitale, Mf, Michiara, M., Bozzani, F., Sgargi, P., Tumino, R., La Rosa MG, Cascone, G., Frasca, G., Giurdanella, Mc, Martorana, C., Morana, G., Nicita, C., Rollo, Pc, Ruggeri, Mg, Sigona, A., Spata, E., Vacirca, S., Mangone, L., Di Felice, E., Pezzarossi, A., Caroli, S., Pellegri, C., Vicentini, M., Storchi, C., Cavuto, S., Costa, J., Falcini, F., Colamartini, A., Bucchi, L., Balducci, C., Ravegnani, M., Vitali, B., Cordaro, C., Caprara, L., Giuliani, O., Giorgetti, S., Salvatore, S., Palumbo, M., Vattiato, R., Ravaioli, A., Foca, F., Rinaldi, E., Mancini, S., Tonelli, C., Amadori, M., Cremone, L., Iannelli, A., Zevola, A., Budroni, M., Cesaraccio, R., Pirino, D., Carboni, D., Fiori, G., Soddu, M., Mameli, G., Mura, F., Contrino, Ml, Madeddu, A., Tisano, F., Sciacca, S., Muni, A., Mizzi, M., Russo, M., Sacco, G., Aletta, P., Colanino Ziino, A., Tessandori, R., Fanetti, Ac, Maspero, S., Annulli, Ml, Moroni, E., Sanoja Gonzalez ME, Zanetti, R., Rosso, S., Patriarca, S., Prandi, R., Sobrato, I., Gilardi, F., Busso, P., Piffer, S., Gentilini, Ma, Battisti, L., Rizzello, R., Cappelletti, M., Moser, M., La Rosa, F., D Alò, D., Scheibel, M., Costarelli, D., Spano, F., Rossini, S., Santucci, C., Petrinelli, Am, Solimene, C., Brunori, V., Crosignani, P., Tagliabue, G., Contiero, P., Preto, L., Tittarelli, A., Maghini, A., Codazzi, T., Frassoldi, E., Gada, D., Costa, E., Di Grazia, L., Zambon, P., Baracco, M., Bovo, E., Dal Cin, A., Fiore, Ar, Greco, A., Monetti, D., Rosano, A., Stocco, C., Tognazzo, S., Donato, F., Limina, Rm, Adorni, A., Andreis, P., Zani, G., Piovani, F., Salvi, O., Puleio, M., Vitarelli, S., Antonini, S., Candela, G., Pappalardo, G., Scuderi, T., Lottero, B., Ribaudo, M., Ricci, P., Guarda, L., Gatti, L., Bozzeda, A., Dall Acqua, M., Pironi, V., Sutera Sardo, A., Mazzei, A., Sirianni, N., Lavecchia, Am, Mancuso, P., Usala, M., Pala, F., Sini, Gm, Pintori, N., Canu, L., Demurtas, G., Doa, N., Maurizio Ponz de Leon, Domati, Federica, Rossi, Giuseppina, Goldoni, Ca, Rossi, F., Gaetani, C., Piero Benatti, Luca Roncucci, Di Gregorio, C., Pedroni, Monica, Pezzi, A., Maffei, Stefania, Mariani, Francesco, Borsi, E., Carruba, G., Cusimano, R., Amodio, R., Dolcemascolo, C., Staiti, R., Pastore, G., Magnani, C., Terracini, B., Cena, T., Alessi, D., Baussano, I., Merletti, F., Maule, M., Macerata, V., Cocchioni, M., Pascucci, C., Gennaro, V., Lazzarotto, A., Benfatto, L., Mazzucco, G., and Montanaro, F.

Subjects
Survival, cancer
Published
2011

13. Diazepam stimulates migration and phagocytosis of human neutrophils: possible contribution of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors and intracellular calcium

Author

Di Grazia L, Anna Fietta, G. M. Frigo, Marco Cosentino, Sergio Lecchini, Franca Marino, Emanuela Rasini, and S. Cattaneo

Subjects
Neutrophils, Phagocytosis, Biology, In Vitro Techniques, Calcium in biology, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Extracellular, Humans, Channel blocker, GABA-A Receptor Agonists, GABA-A Receptor Antagonists, Receptor, Cells, Cultured, Pharmacology, Diazepam, General Medicine, Calcium Channel Blockers, Flow Cytometry, Isoquinolines, Receptors, GABA-A, Molecular biology, EGTA, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte, Biochemistry, chemistry, Verapamil, Calcium, Intracellular, medicine.drug
Abstract

In isolated human neutrophils, diazepam (10 nmol/l to 10 µmol/l) concentration-dependently increased migration and phagocytosis. Diazepam-induced migration and phagocytosis were inhibited by the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) antagonist PK11195 (10 µmol/l). The PBR agonist Ro5-4864 (10 nmol/l to 10 µmol/l) did not affect migration but slightly enhanced phagocytosis, while clonazepam, which binds to the central-type benzodiazepine receptors but has no affinity for PBRs, was ineffective on both parameters up to 10 µmol/l. Phagocytosis induced by diazepam or Ro5-4864 was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker L-verapamil (10 µmol/l), which however did not affect the action of diazepam on migration. Competition binding experiments performed by fluorescent staining of PBRs showed that diazepam directly interacts with PBRs on human neutrophils. Both diazepam and Ro5-4864 (10 nmol/l to 10 µmol/l) induced a rise of intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i), which was inhibited by PK11195 (10 µmol/l) and L-verapamil (10 µmol/l) and prevented by extracellular Ca2+ chelation with EGTA (5 mmol/l). In conclusion, experimental evidence indicates that in human neutrophils diazepam stimulates both migration and phagocytosis through activation of PBRs. Diazepam-induced [Ca2+]i changes depend on a PBR-operated, L-verapamil-sensitive increase in the plasma membrane permeability and subsequent extracellular Ca2+ entry, and contribute to diazepam-induced phagocytosis. On the contrary, the effect of diazepam on migration seems to occur through Ca2+-independent mechanisms.

Published
2001

17. A numerical tool to optimize voltage waveforms for plasma breakdown and early ramp-up in the presence of constraints

Author

L.E. di Grazia, M. Mattei, di Grazia, L. E., and Mattei, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Global constrained optimization, Breakdown optimization, General Materials Science, Plasma magnetic control, Plasma scenario design, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Plasma initiation is an important phase in a tokamak discharge. The main objective of magnetic control in this phase is to first obtain sufficiently high electric field and connection length (implying a low poloidal magnetic field) in the breakdown region, and then, once plasma is formed, to force the plasma current to increase, guaranteeing force balance equilibrium. The problem is dominated by the presence of significant eddy currents induced in the passive structures and by the many constraints due to the coil system and power supplies. The present paper shows how, with minor simplifying hypotheses, the magnetic control design problem can be converted into a Quadratic Programming problem with both linear and quadratic constraints that can be solved with an ad hoc iterative algorithm. On the other hand, the full design problem, including the choice of possible Switching Network resistors, becomes nonlinear and an evolutionary Genetic Algorithm solver is proposed. The algorithms are tested on DEMO breakdown and early ramp-up design which is a quite challenging problem because of the large distance between active coils and vacuum chamber, the presence of shielding passive structures with large time constants, and the active constraints on the CS/PF coil system.

Published
2022

18. Vertical stabilization of tokamak plasmas via extremum seeking

Author

De Tommasi, Gianmaria, di Grazia, Luigi Emanuel, Dubbioso, Sara, Mattei, Massimiliano, Mele, Adriano, Pironti, Alfredo, Dubbioso, S., di Grazia, L. E., De Tommasi, G., Mattei, M., Pironti, A., and Mele, A.

Subjects
Plasma vertical stabilization, Plasma magnetic control, Tokamak, Extremum seeking, Nonlinear simulation, Closed-loop validation, Computer Networks and Communications, FOS: Physical sciences, Management Science and Operations Research, 93D15, Physics - Plasma Physics, Computer Science Applications, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Artificial Intelligence, Control and Systems Engineering, Physics::Plasma Physics, Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

In this paper we propose a vertical stabilization~(VS) control system for tokamak plasmas based on the extremum seeking (ES) algorithm. The gist of the proposed strategy is to inject an oscillating term in the control action and exploit a modified ES algorithm in order to bring to zero the average motion of the plasma along the unstable mode. In this way, the stabilization of the unstable vertical dynamic of the plasma is achieved. The approach is validated by means of both linear and nonlinear simulations of the overall~ITER tokamak magnetic control system, with the aim of demonstrating robust operation throughout the flat-top phase of a discharge and the capability of reacting to a variety of disturbances., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures

Published
2022

19. Modeling and Control of a Modular Iron Bird

Author

Luciano Blasi, Luigi Emanuel di Grazia, Egidio D'Amato, Immacolata Notaro, Mauro Borrelli, Massimiliano Mattei, Blasi, L., Borrelli, M., D'Amato, E., Di Grazia, L. E., Mattei, M., and Notaro, I.

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Computer science, Flight simulator, Force control, Hydraulic system, Iron bird, PID control, lcsh:Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics, hydraulic system, Hinge, Aerospace Engineering, PID controller, 02 engineering and technology, flight simulator, Computer Science::Robotics, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Control theory, Hydraulic machinery, business.industry, Aerodynamics, Modular design, force control, iron bird, Hydraulic cylinder, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, lcsh:TL1-4050, business, Actuator
Abstract

This paper describes the control architecture and the control laws of a new concept of Modular Iron Bird aimed at reproducing flight loads to test mobile aerodynamic control surface actuators for small and medium size aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. The iron bird control system must guarantee the actuation of counteracting forces. On one side, a hydraulic actuator simulates the hinge moments acting on the mobile surface due to aerodynamic and inertial effects during flight, on the other side, the actuator to be tested applies an active hinge moment to control the angular position of the same surface. Reference aerodynamic and inertial loads are generated by a flight simulation module to reproduce more realistic conditions arising during operations. The design of the control action is based on a dynamic model of the hydraulic plant used to generate loads. This system is controlled using a Proportional Integral Derivative control algorithm tuned with an optimization algorithm taking into account the closed loop dynamics of the actuator under testing, uncertainties and disturbances in the controlled plant. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and control laws.

Published
2021

20. MPC load control for aircraft actuator testing

Author

Massimiliano Mattei, Egidio D'Amato, Immacolata Notaro, Luigi Emanuel di Grazia, Mauro Borrelli, Borrelli, M., D'Amato, E., Di Grazia, L. E., Mattei, M., and Notaro, I.

Subjects
020301 aerospace & aeronautics, 0209 industrial biotechnology, business.industry, Computer science, PID controller, 02 engineering and technology, Aerodynamics, Flight control surfaces, Modular design, Model predictive control, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Control theory, Control system, Hydraulic machinery, business, Actuator
Abstract

In order to test aircraft actuators moving aerodynamic control surfaces, it becomes more and more important to have flexible facilities which are able to produce a variety of loading conditions with a given accuracy. The so-called Modular Iron Bird (MIB), which is now in the design phase, will be able to reproduce aerodynamic and inertial loads for a large category of aircraft. The MIB control system has to guarantee the application of a desired time history of forces through a hydraulic system, while the aircraft actuator is driven in closed-loop to guarantee a given aerodynamic surface deflection. Therefore, two controllers are fighting each other, and this makes the control problem challenging. In this paper, a nonlinear model-based predictive control strategy is proposed. Numerical results allow to test the effectiveness of this control strategy and its benefit with respect to the classical PID approach.

Published
2020

21. Italian cancer figures, report 2014: Prevalence and cure of cancer in Italy

Author

Adamo, M., Alessi, D., Aletta, P., Amodio, R., Andreone, S., Angelin, T., Anghinoni, E., Annulli, M., Arciprete, C., Artioli, M., Autelitano, M., Baili, P., Balducci, C., Baracco, M., Baracco, S., Battisti, W., Bella, F., Bellatalla, C., Bellini, A., Belluardo, C., Benatti, P., Benedetto, G., Benfatto, L., Bernazza, E., Bianconi, F., Biavati, P., Bidoli, E., Birri, S., Bizzoco, S., Bonelli, L., Bonini, A., Borciani, E., Bordini, M., Bovo, E., Bozzani, F., Braghiroli, B., Brucculeri, M., Brunori, V., Bucalo, G., Bucchi, L., Bugliarello, E., Bulatko, A., Busco, S., Busso, P., Buzzoni, C., Calabrese, A., Calabretta, L., Caldarella, A., Candela, G., Cannone, G., Canu, L., Caparelli, M., Capocaccia, R., Cappelletti, M., Caprara, L., Carboni, D., Carletti, N., Caroli, S., Cascio, M., Cascone, G., Casella, C., Castaing, M., Cavalieri, D., L, Cecconami, L., Celesia, M., Cena, T., Cercato, M., Cesaraccio, R., Chiesa, R., Cirilli, C., Cocchioni, M., Codazzi, T., Cogno, R., Colamartini, A., Colanino, Z., A, Cometti, I., Contiero, P., Contrino, M., Corbinelli, A., Cordaro, C., Corti, M., Costa, A., Costarelli, D., Coviello, V., Crapanzano, G., Cremone, L., Crocetti, E., Cuccaro, F., Curatella, S., Cusimano, R., D Alò, D., Dal, C., Dal, T., Cin, A., Dal, M., Davini, C., Dottori, D., De, M., Angelis, R., Santis, D., De, E., Valiere, E., Dei, T., Demurtas, G., Devigili, E., Felice, D., Di, E., Grazia, L., Gregorio, D., Di, C., Norcia, R., Prima, D., Dinaro, Y., Distefano, R., Doa, N., Domati, F., Fabiano, S., Facchinelli, G., Falcini, F., Falk, M., Fanetti, A., Fattoruso, S., Federico, M., Ferrari, F., Ferrari, L., Ferretti, S., Fidelbo, M., Filipazzi, L., Fiore, A., Fiori, G., Foca, F., Forgiarini, O., Foschi, R., Francisci, S., Frasca, G., Frassoldi, E., Fusco, M., Gada, D., Garrone, E., Gasparotti, C., Gatta, G., Gatti, L., Gaudiano, C., Gennaro, V., Gentilini, M., Gerevini, C., Ghilardi, S., Ghisleni, S., Giacomin, A., Giavazzi, L., Gigli, A., Gilardi, F., Giorgetti, S., Giorgi, R., P, Giubelli, C., Giuliani, O., Giurdanella, M., Gola, G., Goldoni, C., Golizia, M., Greco, A., Guarda, L., Guttadauro, A., Guzzinati, S., Iachetta, F., Iannelli, A., Ieni, A., Intrieri, T., Kaleci, S., Rosa, L., F, Lando, C., Lavecchia, A., Lazzarato, F., Rose, L., Leone, A., Leone, R., Lonati, F., Lucchi, S., Luminari, S., Macci, L., Macerata, V., Madeddu, A., Maffei, S., Maghini, A., Magnani, C., Magnani, G., Magoni, M., Mallone, S., Mameli, G., Mancini, S., Mancuso, P., Mangone, L., Manneschi, G., Mannino, R., Mannino, S., Marani, E., Marchesi, C., Mariani, F., Martorana, C., Marzola, L., Maspero, S., Maule, M., Mazzei, A., Mazzoleni, G., Mazzucco, G., Melcarne, A., Merletti, F., Merlo, E., Michiara, M., Migliari, E., Minerba, S., Minicuzzi, A., Mizzi, M., Monetti, D., Morana, G., Moroni, E., Mosso, M., Muni, A., Mura, F., Natali, M., Negrino, L., Nemcova, L., Nicita, C., Ocello, C., Pala, F., Palumbo, M., Panciroli, E., Panico, M., Pannozzo, F., Pascucci, C., Pasolini, A., Pastore, G., Patriarca, S., Pedroni, M., Perrotta, C., Pesce, P., Petrinelli, A., Petrucci, C., Pezzarossi, A., Pezzuto, L., Piffer, S., Pinon, M., Antonio Pinto, Pintori, N., Pirani, M., Pirino, D., Pironi, V., Ponz, D., Leon, M., Prandi, R., Prazzoli, R., Puleio, M., Puppo, A., Quarta, F., Quattrocchi, M., Ramazzotti, V., Rashid, I., Ravaioli, A., Ravazzolo, B., Ravegnani, M., Reggiani Bonetti, L., Ricci, P., Rinaldi, E., Rizzello, R., Rognoni, M., Rollo, P., Roncaglia, F., Roncucci, L., Rosano, A., Rossi, F., Rossi, G., Rossi, M., Rossi, S., Rossini, S., Rosso, S., Rudisi, G., Ruggeri, M., Russo, A., Russo, M., Sacchettini, C., Sacchetto, L., Sacco, G., Sacerdote, C., Salvatore, S., Salvi, O., Sampietro, G., Santucci, C., Scheibel, M., Sciacca, S., Sciacchitano, C., Sciacchitano, S., Scuderi, T., Sechi, O., Seghini, P., Senatore, G., Serafini, G., Serraino, D., Sgargi, P., Sini, G., Sobrato, I., Soddu, M., Solimene, C., Spano, F., Spata, E., Sperduti, I., Spinosa, S., Staiti, R., Stocco, C., Stracci, F., Sunseri, R., Sutera, S., Tagliabue, G., Tamburo, L., Tamburrino, S., Taranto, V., Terracini, B., Tisano, F., Tittarelli, A., Tognazzo, S., Torrisi, A., Traina, A., Trama, A., Trapani, C., Tschugguel, B., Tumino, R., Usala, M., Vacirca, S., Valerio, O., Valla, K., Varvarà, M., Vasquez, E., Vassante, B., Vattiato, R., Vercelli, M., Vercellino, P., Vicentini, M., Villa, M., Virdone, S., Francesco Vitale, Vitale, M., Vitali, B., Vitali, M., Vitarelli, S., Zanchi, A., Zanetti, R., Zani, G., Zanier, L., Zappa, M., Zarcone, M., Zevola, A., Zorzi, M., Zucchetto, A., Zucchi, A., Adamo, MS, Alessi, D, Aletta, P, Amodio, R, Andreone, S, Angelin, T, Anghinoni, E, Annulli, ML, Arciprete, C, Artioli, ME, Autelitano, M, Baili, P, Balducci, C, Baracco, M, Baracco, S, Battisti, W, Bella, F, Bellatalla, C, Bellini, A, Belluardo, C, Benatti, P, Benedetto, G, Benfatto, L, Bernazza, E, Bianconi, F, Biavati, P, Bidoli, E, Birri, S, Bizzoco, S, Bonelli, L, Bonini, A, Borciani, E, Bordini, M, Bovo, E, Bozzani, F, Braghiroli, B, Brucculeri, MA, Brunori, V, Bucalo, G, Bucchi, L, Bugliarello, E, Bulatko, A, Busco, S, Busso, P, Buzzoni, C, Calabrese, A, Calabretta, L, Caldarella, A, Candela, G, Cannone, G, Canu, L, Caparelli, M, Capocaccia, R, Cappelletti, M, Caprara, L, Carboni, D, Carletti, N, Caroli, S, Cascio, MA, Cascone, G, Casella, C, Castaing, M, Cavalieri, d'Oro, L, Cecconami, L, Celesia, MV, Cena, T, Cercato, MC, Cesaraccio, R, Chiesa, R, Cirilli, C, Cocchioni, M, Codazzi, T, Cogno, R, Colamartini, A, Colanino, Ziino, A, Cometti, I, Contiero, P, Contrino, ML, Corbinelli, A, Cordaro, C, Corti, M, Costa, A, Costarelli, D, Coviello, V, Crapanzano, G, Cremone, L, Crocetti, E, Cuccaro, F, Curatella, S, Cusimano, R, D'Alò, D, Dal, Cappello, T, Dal, Cin, A, Dal, Maso, L, Davini, C, De, Dottori, M, De, Angelis, R, De, Santis, E, De, Valiere, E, Dei, Tos, AP, Demurtas, G, Devigili, E, Di, Felice, E, di, Grazia, L, Di, Gregorio, C, di, Norcia, R, Di, Prima, A, Dinaro, Y, Distefano, R, Doa, N, Domati, F, Fabiano, S, Facchinelli, G, Falcini, F, Falk, M, Fanetti, AC, Fattoruso, S, Federico, M, Ferrari, F, Ferrari, L, Ferretti, S, Fidelbo, M, Filipazzi, L, Fiore, AR, Fiori, G, Foca, F, Forgiarini, O, Foschi, R, Francisci, S, Frasca, G, Frassoldi, E, Fusco, M, Gada, D, Garrone, E, Gasparotti, C, Gatta, G, Gatti, L, Gaudiano, C, Gennaro, V, Gentilini, MA, Gerevini, C, Ghilardi, S, Ghisleni, S, Giacomin, A, Giavazzi, L, Gigli, A, Gilardi, F, Giorgetti, S, Giorgi, Rossi, P, Giubelli, C, Giuliani, O, Giurdanella, MC, Gola, G, Goldoni, CA, Golizia, MG, Greco, A, Guarda, L, Guttadauro, A, Guzzinati, S, Iachetta, F, Iannelli, A, Ieni, A, Intrieri, T, Kaleci, S, La, Rosa, F, Lando, C, Lavecchia, AM, Lazzarato, F, Le, Rose, L, Leone, A, Leone, R, Lonati, F, Lucchi, S, Luminari, S, Macci, L, Macerata, V, Madeddu, A, Maffei, S, Maghini, A, Magnani, C, Magnani, G, Magoni, M, Mallone, S, Mameli, G, Mancini, S, Mancuso, P, Mangone, L, Manneschi, G, Mannino, R, Mannino, S, Marani, E, Marchesi, C, Mariani, F, Martorana, C, Marzola, L, Maspero, S, Maule, M, Mazzei, A, Mazzoleni, G, Mazzucco, G, Melcarne, A, Merletti, F, Merlo, E, Michiara, M, Migliari, E, Minerba, S, Minicuzzi, A, Mizzi, M, Monetti, D, Morana, G, Moroni, E, Mosso, ML, Muni, A, Mura, F, Natali, M, Negrino, L, Nemcova, L, Nicita, C, Ocello, C, Pala, F, Palumbo, M, Panciroli, E, Panico, M, Pannozzo, F, Pascucci, C, Pasolini, A, Pastore, G, Patriarca, S, Pedroni, M, Perrotta, C, Pesce, P, Petrinelli, AM, Petrucci, C, Pezzarossi, A, Pezzuto, L, Piffer, S, Pinon, M, Pinto, A, Pintori, N, Pirani, M, Pirino, D, Pironi, V, Ponz, de, Leon, M, Prandi, R, Prazzoli, R, Puleio, M, Puppo, A, Quarta, F, Quattrocchi, M, Ramazzotti, V, Rashid, I, Ravaioli, A, Ravazzolo, B, Ravegnani, M, Reggiani-Bonetti, L, Ricci, P, Rinaldi, E, Rizzello, R, Rognoni, M, Rollo, PC, Roncaglia, F, Roncucci, L, Rosano, A, Rossi, F, Rossi, G, Rossi, M, Rossi, S, Rossini, S, Rosso, S, Rudisi, G, Ruggeri, MG, Russo, AG, Russo, M, Sacchettini, C, Sacchetto, L, Sacco, G, Sacerdote, C, Salvatore, S, Salvi, O, Sampietro, G, Santucci, C, Scheibel, M, Sciacca, S, Sciacchitano, C, Sciacchitano, S, Scuderi, T, Sechi, O, Seghini, P, Senatore, G, Serafini, G, Serraino, D, Sgargi, P, Sini, GM, Sobrato, I, Soddu, M, Solimene, C, Spano, F, Spata, E, Sperduti, I, Spinosa, S, Staiti, R, Stocco, C, Stracci, F, Sunseri, R, Sutera, Sardo, A, Tagliabue, G, Tamburo, L, Tamburrino, S, Taranto, V, Terracini, B, Tisano, F, Tittarelli, A, Tognazzo, S, Torrisi, A, Traina, A, Trama, A, Trapani, C, Tschugguel, B, Tumino, R, Usala, M, Vacirca, S, Valerio, O, Valla, K, Varvarà, M, Vasquez, E, Vassante, B, Vattiato, R, Vercelli, M, Vercellino, PC, Vicentini, M, Villa, M, Virdone, S, Vitale, F, Vitale, MF, Vitali, B, Vitali, ME, Vitarelli, S, Zanchi, A, Zanetti, R, Zani, G, Zanier, L, Zappa, M, Zarcone, M, Zevola, A, Zorzi, M, Zucchetto, A, and Zucchi, A

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Male, Medicine (all), Aged, Female, Humans, Italy, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Prevalence, Registries, Survival Rate, Socio-culturale, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata, 80 and over, cancer prevalence, cancer incidence, cancer in Italy
Abstract

This Report intends to estimate the total number of people still alive in 2010 after cancer diagnosis in Italy, regardless of the time since diagnosis, and to project these estimates to 2015. This study is also aimed to estimate the number of already cured cancer patients, whose mortality rates have become undistinguishable from that of the general population of the same age and sex.The study took advantage of the information from the AIRTUM database, which included 29 Cancer Registries (covering 21 million people, 35% of the Italian population). A total of 1,624,533 cancer cases diagnosed between 1976 and 2009 contributed to the study. For each registry, the observed prevalence was calculated. Prevalence for lengths of time exceeding the maximum duration of the registration and of the complete prevalence were derived by applying an estimated correction factor, the completeness index. This index was estimated by means of statistical regression models using cancer incidence and survival data available in registries with 18 years of observation or more. For 50 types or combinations of neoplasms, complete prevalence was estimated at 1.1.2010 as an absolute number and as a proportion per 100,000 inhabitants by sex, age group, area of residence, and years since diagnosis. Projections of complete prevalence for 1.1.2015 were computed under the assumption of a linear trend of the complete prevalence observed until 2010. Validated mixture cure models were used to estimate: the cure fraction, that is the proportion of patients who, starting from the time of diagnosis, are expected to reach the same mortality rate of the general population; the conditional relative survival (CRS), that is the cumulative probability of surviving some additional years, given that patients already survived a certain number of years; the time to cure, that is the number of years necessary so that conditional survival in the following five years (5-year CRS) exceeds the conventional threshold of 95% (i.e., mortality rates in cancer patients become undistinguishable compared to those of the general population); the proportion of patients already cured, i.e., people alive since a number of years exceeding time to cure.As of 1.1.2010, it was estimated that 2,587,347 people were alive after a cancer diagnosis, corresponding to 4.4% of the Italian population. A relevant geographical heterogeneity emerged, with a prevalence above 5% in northern registries and below 4% in southern areas. Men were 45% of the total (1,154,289) and women 55% (1,433,058). In the population aged 75 years or more, the proportions of prevalent cases were 20% in males and 13% in females, 11% between 60 and 74 years of age in both sexes. Nearly 600,000 Italian women were alive after a breast cancer diagnosis (41% of all women with this neoplasm), followed by women with cancers of the colon rectum (12%), corpus uteri (7%), and thyroid (6%). In men, 26% of prevalent cases (295,624) were patients with prostate cancer, 16% with either bladder or colon rectum cancer. The projections for 1.1.2015 are of three million (3,036,741) people alive after a cancer diagnosis, 4.9% of the Italian population; with a 20% increase for males and 15% for females, compared to 2010. The cure fractions were heterogeneous according to cancer type and age. Estimates obtained as the sum of cure fractions for all cancer types showed that more than 60% of patients diagnosed below the age of 45 years will reach the same mortality rate of the general population. This proportion decreased with increasing age and it was30% for cancer diagnosed after the age of 74 years. It was observed that 60% of all prevalent cases (1,543,531 people or 2.6% of overall Italian population) had been diagnosed5 years earlier (long-term survivors). Time to cure (5-year CRS95%) was reached in10 years by patients with cancers of the stomach, colon rectum, pancreas, corpus and cervix uteri, brain, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Mortality rates similar to the ones reported by the general population were reached after approximately 20 years for breast and prostate cancer patients. Five-year CRS remained95% for25 years after cancer diagnosis in patients with liver and larynx cancers, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, myeloma, and leukaemia. Time to cure was reached by 27% (20% in men and 33% in women) of all people living after a cancer diagnosis, defined as already cured.The study showed a steady increase over time (nearly +3% per year) of prevalent cases in Italy. A quarter of Italian cancer patients alive in 2010 can be considered as already cured. The AIRTUM Report 2014 describes characteristics of cancer patients and former-patients for 50 cancer types or combinations by sex and age. This detailed information promotes the conduction of studies aimed at expanding the current knowledge on the quality of life of these patients during and after the active phase of treatments (prevalence according to health status), on the long-term effects of treatments (in particular for paediatric patients), on the cost profile of cancer patients, and on rare tumours. All these observations have a high potential impact on health planning, clinical practice, and, most of all, patients' perspective.

Published
2014

22. Understanding the contagiousness of Covid-19 strains: A geometric approach.

Author

Vottero P, Olivetti EC, D'Agostino LC, Di Grazia L, Vezzetti E, Aminpour M, Tuszynski JA, and Marcolin F

Subjects
Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Protein Binding, Mutation, COVID-19
Abstract

Protein-protein interaction occurs on surface patches with some degree of complementary geometric and chemical features. Building on this understanding, this study endeavors to characterize the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus at the morphological and geometrical levels in its Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants. In particular, the affinity between different SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins and the ACE2 receptor present on the membrane of the human respiratory system cells is investigated. To achieve an adequate degree of geometrical accuracy, the 3D depth maps of the proteins in exam are filtered by developing an ad-hoc convolutional filter with a kernel implemented as a sphere of varying radius, simulating a ball rolling on the surface (similar to the 'rolling ball' filter). This ball ideally models a hypothetical molecule that could interface with the protein and is inspired by the geometric approach to macromolecule-ligand interactions proposed by Kuntz et al. in 1982. The aim is to mitigate the imperfections and to obtain a smoother surface that could be studied from a geometrical perspective for binding purposes. A set of geometric descriptors, borrowed from the 3D face analysis context is then mapped point-by-point onto protein depth maps. Following a feature extraction phase inspired by Histogram of Oriented Gradients and Local Binary Patterns, the final histogram features are used as input for a Support Vector Machine classifier to automatically classify the proteins according to their surface affinity, where a similarity in shape is observed between ACE2 and the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Finally, Root Mean Square Error analysis is used to quantify the geometrical affinity between the ACE2 receptor and the respective Receptor Binding Domains of the three SARS-CoV-2 variants, culminating in a geometrical explanation for the higher contagiousness of Omicron relative to the other variants under study., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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23. A new method for protein characterization and classification using geometrical features for 3D face analysis: An example of tubulin structures.

Author

Di Grazia L, Aminpour M, Vezzetti E, Rezania V, Marcolin F, and Tuszynski JA

Abstract

This article reports on the results of research aimed to translate biometric 3D face recognition concepts and algorithms into the field of protein biophysics in order to precisely and rapidly classify morphological features of protein surfaces. Both human faces and protein surfaces are free-forms and some descriptors used in differential geometry can be used to describe them applying the principles of feature extraction developed for computer vision and pattern recognition. The first part of this study focused on building the protein dataset using a simulation tool and performing feature extraction using novel geometrical descriptors. The second part tested the method on two examples, first involved a classification of tubulin isotypes and the second compared tubulin with the FtsZ protein, which is its bacterial analog. An additional test involved several unrelated proteins. Different classification methodologies have been used: a classic approach with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier and an unsupervised learning with a k-means approach. The best result was obtained with SVM and the radial basis function kernel. The results are significant and competitive with the state-of-the-art protein classification methods. This leads to a new methodological direction in protein structure analysis., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Published
2020
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24. Exploiting light chains for the scalable generation and platform purification of native human bispecific IgG.

Author

Fischer N, Elson G, Magistrelli G, Dheilly E, Fouque N, Laurendon A, Gueneau F, Ravn U, Depoisier JF, Moine V, Raimondi S, Malinge P, Di Grazia L, Rousseau F, Poitevin Y, Calloud S, Cayatte PA, Alcoz M, Pontini G, Fagète S, Broyer L, Corbier M, Schrag D, Didelot G, Bosson N, Costes N, Cons L, Buatois V, Johnson Z, Ferlin W, Masternak K, and Kosco-Vilbois M

Subjects
Antibodies, Monoclonal metabolism, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Humans, Immunoglobulin Light Chains metabolism, Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains metabolism, Neutralization Tests, Peptide Library, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Antibodies, Bispecific isolation & purification, Immunoglobulin G isolation & purification, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains isolation & purification, Protein Engineering methods
Abstract

Bispecific antibodies enable unique therapeutic approaches but it remains a challenge to produce them at the industrial scale, and the modifications introduced to achieve bispecificity often have an impact on stability and risk of immunogenicity. Here we describe a fully human bispecific IgG devoid of any modification, which can be produced at the industrial scale, using a platform process. This format, referred to as a κλ-body, is assembled by co-expressing one heavy chain and two different light chains, one κ and one λ. Using ten different targets, we demonstrate that light chains can play a dominant role in mediating specificity and high affinity. The κλ-bodies support multiple modes of action, and their stability and pharmacokinetic properties are indistinguishable from therapeutic antibodies. Thus, the κλ-body represents a unique, fully human format that exploits light-chain variable domains for antigen binding and light-chain constant domains for robust downstream processing, to realize the potential of bispecific antibodies.

Published
2015
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25. CT, MRI and DWI Features of a Solid Organizing Hepatic Abscess.

Author

Savastano S, Pellizzer G, Di Grazia L, Giacomini D, and Beghetto M

Abstract

Solid organizing hepatic abscess is a rare form of focal infection, which needs differentiation from benign and malignant solid masses. We report a case of a 30-year-old man with a solid organizing hepatic abscess, diagnosed by imaging and ex juvantibus criteria. CT and MRI findings are presented and role of DWI is outlined. Noninvasive diagnosis of a solid organizing hepatic abscess is possible in the appropriate clinical setting; percutaneous or surgical biopsy may be indicated in equivocal cases.

Published
2014
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26. Diazepam stimulates migration and phagocytosis of human neutrophils: possible contribution of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors and intracellular calcium.

Author

Marino F, Cattaneo S, Cosentino M, Rasini E, Di Grazia L, Fietta AM, Lecchini S, and Frigo G

Subjects
Calcium Channel Blockers pharmacology, Cells, Cultured, Flow Cytometry, GABA-A Receptor Agonists, GABA-A Receptor Antagonists, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Isoquinolines pharmacology, Neutrophils physiology, Verapamil pharmacology, Calcium metabolism, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte drug effects, Diazepam pharmacology, Neutrophils drug effects, Phagocytosis drug effects, Receptors, GABA-A metabolism
Abstract

In isolated human neutrophils, diazepam (10 nmol/l to 10 micromol/l) concentration-dependently increased migration and phagocytosis. Diazepam-induced migration and phagocytosis were inhibited by the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) antagonist PK11195 (10 micromol/l). The PBR agonist Ro5-4864 (10 nmol/l to 10 micromol/l) did not affect migration but slightly enhanced phagocytosis, while clonazepam, which binds to the central-type benzodiazepine receptors but has no affinity for PBRs, was ineffective on both parameters up to 10 micromol/l. Phagocytosis induced by diazepam or Ro5-4864 was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker L-verapamil (10 micromol/l), which however did not affect the action of diazepam on migration. Competition binding experiments performed by fluorescent staining of PBRs showed that diazepam directly interacts with PBRs on human neutrophils. Both diazepam and Ro5-4864 (10 nmol/l to 10 micromol/l) induced a rise of intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i), which was inhibited by PK11195 (10 micromol/l) and L-verapamil (10 micromol/l) and prevented by extracellular Ca2+ chelation with EGTA (5 mmol/l). In conclusion, experimental evidence indicates that in human neutrophils diazepam stimulates both migration and phagocytosis through activation of PBRs. Diazepam-induced [Ca2+]i changes depend on a PBR-operated, L-verapamil-sensitive increase in the plasma membrane permeability and subsequent extracellular Ca2+ entry, and contribute to diazepam-induced phagocytosis. On the contrary, the effect of diazepam on migration seems to occur through Ca2+ -independent mechanisms., (Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel)

Published
2001
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27. Diazepam-binding inhibitor-derived peptides induce intracellular calcium changes and modulate human neutrophil function.

Author

Cosentino M, Marino F, Cattaneo S, Di Grazia L, Francioli C, Fietta AM, Lecchini S, and Frigo G

Subjects
Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Benzodiazepinones pharmacology, Cytosol metabolism, Humans, Hypolipidemic Agents pharmacology, Isoquinolines pharmacology, Kinetics, N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine pharmacology, Neutrophils drug effects, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate pharmacology, Calcium blood, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte physiology, Neuropeptides pharmacology, Neutrophils physiology, Peptide Fragments pharmacology, Phagocytosis drug effects, Superoxides blood
Abstract

We studied the effects of two diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI)-derived peptides, triakontatetraneuropeptide (DBI 17-50, TTN) and eiksoneuropeptide (DBI 51-70, ENP), on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i), chemotaxis, superoxide anion (O2-) generation, and phagocytosis in human neutrophils. Both TTN and ENP induced a rapid and transient rise of [Ca2+]i. The effect of TTN depended on the presence of extracellular Ca2+, whereas the effect of ENP also persisted after extracellular Ca2+ chelation. TTN induced neutrophil chemotaxis, stimulated O2- generation, and enhanced phagocytosis. ENP did not affect cell migration and oxidative metabolism but enhanced phagocytosis. Both peptides modulated N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- and phorbol myristate acetate-induced O2- generation. Because neutrophils express benzodiazepine receptors of the peripheral type (pBRs) and DBI-derived peptides may interact with such receptors, we investigated the possible role of pBRs in TTN- or ENP-induced effects. The synthetic pBR ligand RO 5-4864 increased [Ca2+]i through extracellular Ca2+ influx and this effect was prevented by the pBR antagonist PK-11195. RO 5-4864, however, was ineffective on neutrophil migration and O2- generation and only slightly affected phagocytosis. Moreover, PK-11195 delayed the [Ca2+]i rise induced by TTN but did not significantly affect its extent, and had no effect on the [Ca2+]i rise induced by ENP. We conclude that DBI-derived peptides induce [Ca2+]i changes and modulate neutrophil function mainly through pBR-independent pathways. In view of the wide cell and tissue distribution of DBI in the brain and in peripheral organs, modulation of neutrophil function by DBI-derived peptides may be relevant for both the neuroimmune network and the development and regulation of the inflammatory processes.

Published
2000
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28. Modulation of intracellular calcium in human neutrophils by peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands.

Author

Marino F, Cosentino M, Cattaneo S, Di Grazia L, Caldiroli E, Lecchini S, and Frigo G

Subjects
Benzodiazepinones pharmacology, Clonazepam pharmacology, Cytosol metabolism, Diazepam pharmacology, Drug Antagonism, Humans, Isoquinolines pharmacology, Neutrophils metabolism, Anti-Anxiety Agents pharmacology, Calcium metabolism, GABA Modulators pharmacology, Neutrophils drug effects, Receptors, GABA-A metabolism
Published
1998
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