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Abstract Background Financial toxicity describes the impairment of financial wellbeing in patients due to the burden of cancer diagnosis and care. The COST: A Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Measure of Financial Toxicity (FACIT-COST) is the most widely used cancer-specific measure of subjective financial toxicity, having been validated in multiple languages, but not in Indonesian. This study aimed to validate the Indonesian version of FACIT-COST in a breast cancer sample. Methods A single-center prospective cohort study was performed in Indonesia. Female breast cancer patients aged ≥ 18 undergoing treatment at baseline were invited to participate and followed for up to six months. The survey included the official Indonesian version of FACIT-COST (v2) which was administered to the patients by interviewers. Clinical information (e.g., metastasis status, disease duration) was provided based on medical records. The following measurement properties of FACIT-COST were tested: distributional characteristics, structural validity (principal component [PCA] and confirmatory factor analyses [CFA]), internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega), known-groups validity (Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis H test), test-retest reliability, and responsiveness to change. Results Overall, 300 female patients participated at baseline. No patients reported the best or worst possible FACIT-COST total scores. The PCA proposed a two-factor model structure for the instrument, which was confirmed by the CFA (RMSEA = 0.042, SRMR = 0.049, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99). The internal consistency reliability of the two factors was considered adequate (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.774–0.882, McDonald’s omega = 0.786–0.888). The FACIT-COST total score significantly discriminated across the following known-groups: age, education, residential setting, income, employment, metastasis status, number of symptoms, and financial coping strategies. The FACIT-COST demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96) and satisfactory responsiveness to change (standardized response mean and effect size ranges=|0.39| to |0.92|). Conclusions This is the first study to validate the FACIT-COST in patients with breast cancer and to present the measurement properties of the Indonesian version of FACIT-COST. The Indonesian FACIT-COST demonstrates acceptable psychometric performance and shows potential as a valid measure of subjective financial toxicity. The instrument may serve as a valuable tool for informing health policies that focus on providing resource support to improve cancer care in Indonesia.

Kapal perikanan merupakan modal utama dalam usaha penangkapan ikan. PT Jelajah Samudera Internasional, sebuah perusahaan galangan kapal pembangunan kapal fiberglass di Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek kritis di galangan kapal PT Jelajah Samudera Internasional, termasuk sumber daya manusia, teknis pembangunan kapal fiberglass, dan kelayakan usaha melalui analisis deskriptif dan finansial, serta menyusun strategi pengembangan bisnis yang tepat. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dan purposive sampling. Analisis penelitian mencakup analisis finansial dan SWOT. Perhitungan aspek finansial dilakukan dengan metode NPV, PI, R/C ratio, PP, dan IRR, sementara analisis SWOT digunakan untuk menentukan strategi pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT Jelajah Samudera Internasional memiliki sumber daya manusia yang terorganisir dengan baik, dengan struktur organisasi yang jelas dan terdiri dari tenaga kerja tetap dan tidak tetap. Aspek teknis pembangunan kapal sesuai dengan standar, dengan proses laminasi menggunakan metode hand-lay up sesuai SNI 8961:2021 dan desain rancang kapal yang lengkap, termasuk lines plan, construction profile, transverse construction, general arrangement, desain poros propeller, dan sistem kelistrikan. Aspek ekonomi perusahaan juga layak, dengan nilai NPV sebesar Rp 10.113.527.932, IRR 16%, payback period 1,49 tahun, R/C ratio 1,53, dan profitability index 1,89. Strategi pengembangan usaha yang efektif menggunakan strategi kuadran I, yaitu dengan meningkatkan jumlah produksi kapal melalui pemanfaatan fasilitas dan tenaga kerja secara optimal. PT Jelajah Samudera Internasional memiliki delapan strategi pengembangan yang dapat dijalankan.

Pancasila, the foundational philosophy of Indonesia, serves as a unifying force in a diverse nation characterized by myriad islands, ethnicities, races, and religions. In a world where globalization and migration are prevalent, understanding how national values are maintained by citizens living abroad becomes increasingly significant. This study focuses on Indonesian students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), a group representing a microcosm of the Indonesian diaspora. It explores how these students nurture and strengthen their nationalism and internalize Pancasila values despite residing in a foreign country. Utilizing qualitative research methods, with semi-structured interviews as a primary approach to dive deeper into the experiences of these individuals, the study reveals intricate dynamics of cultural adaptation, identity preservation, and the reinforcement of national values. Three thematic insights emerge from the analysis: the role of Pancasila in promoting openness and understanding among diverse groups, the importance of diversity as a reflection of Indonesian society itself, and the complex sense of nationalism experienced by students living abroad. These findings shed light on the dynamic process of internalizing national values within the Indonesian diaspora and contribute to a broader understanding of how cultural identity and cohesion can be maintained across borders. The study highlights the importance of community, cultural practices, and the role of education in fostering a sense of belonging and nationalism among Indonesians abroad, providing valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and diaspora communities striving to preserve national identity in a globalized world.

The impact of the Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, which emerged in 2019, has not only threatened public health but also affected the global economy, including Indonesia. The government has initiated various aid programs to assist the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. These aids are expected to alleviate the economic burden on the affected population. One such aid program is the Direct Cash Assistance (Bantuan Langsung Tunai/BLT) from the Village Fund, which has been distributed since the onset of COVID-19 in Indonesia. However, the distribution of BLT has encountered several issues, including misidentification of recipients and double or excessive distribution beyond the established criteria. To address these issues, data mining for the classification of aid recipients can be employed. This study uses the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method for data mining classification to classify residents' data with new patterns, ensuring aid distribution aligns with the criteria and eliminating double recipients. The application of K-Nearest Neighbor to the population data in Kasomalang District yields optimal performance, with evaluation results showing an accuracy of 96%, precision of 0.98, recall of 0.96, and F1 score of 0.97 using the confusion matrix method.

This research aims to analyze the concept and implementation of temporary waqf by Law Number 41 of 2004 and evaluate the experience of the Darul Waqf Al-Hadiy Foundation in managing such waqf. The research method used is qualitative with an Empirical Law type, involving data collection through interviews and observations and qualitative descriptive analysis of primary and secondary data. The research results indicate that based on Law Number 41 of 2004, temporary waqf is permitted and regulated. However, implementing temporary waqf at the Darul Waqf Al-Hadiy Foundation faces various challenges, including difficulties in creating sustainable programs, high rehabilitation costs, and administrative complexity. Although temporary waqf provides significant benefits for Islamic religious education and the welfare of the local community, its management requires better education and improved competency for nazhir. More effective and sustainable waqf management can be achieved if the nazir has adequate experience and capabilities

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the biocompatibility and toxicity profiles of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and its monomeric unit, methyl methacrylate (MMA), crucial components in dental materials for interim prosthetic restorations. Methodology: Molecular docking was employed to predict the binding affinities, energetics, and steric features of MMA and PMMA with selected receptors involved in bone metabolism and tissue development, including RANKL, Fibronectin, BMP9, NOTCH2, and other related receptors. The HADDOCK standalone version was utilized for docking calculations, employing a Lamarckian genetic algorithm to explore the conformational space of ligand-receptor interactions. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations over 100 nanoseconds were conducted using the GROMACS package to evaluate dynamic actions and structural stability. The LigandScout was utilized for pharmacophore modeling, which employs a shape-based screening approach to identify potential ligand binding sites on protein targets. Results: The molecular docking studies elucidated promising interactions between PMMA and MMA with key biomolecular targets relevant to dental applications. MD simulation results provided strong evidence supporting the structural stability of PMMA complexes over time. Pharmacophore modeling highlighted the significance of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups as pharmacophoric features, indicating compounds with favorable biocompatibility profiles. Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of PMMA in dental applications, emphasizing its structural stability, molecular interactions, and safety considerations. These findings lay a foundation for future advancements in dental biomaterials, guiding the design and optimization of materials for enhanced biocompatibility. Future directions include experimental validation of computational findings and the development of PMMA-based dental materials with improved biocompatibility and clinical performance. Graphical Abstract

UB Forest Sumbersari is a forest for multidisciplinary research and development in Brawijaya University. In order to improve and reducing the environmental damage around the road due to water flow, the planned drainage system by implementing BIM. BIM has a major role in coordinating and integrating information exchange and knowledge between various disciplines and phases in the project implementation. In this study, the Autodesk Civil 3D and Autodesk Storm and Sanitary Analysis (SSA) are employed as a BIM platform. Autodesk Civil 3D is the latest version of AutoCAD Land Desktop development that has used the dynamic modeling concept. Autodesk Civil 3D helps facilitate in case of design changes as well as in the calculating of job volume such as the volume of cut and fill of the soil and volume of required materials in drainage channel planning. While SSA facilities plan on hydraulics such as flow depth, maximum velocity, channel slope, and channel dimensions. Based on the result of the SSA analysis, the dimensions of drainage channel are 30 cm x 30 cm, 50 cm x 50 xm, 65 cm x 65 cm, and 80 cm x 80 cm. And generated volume of cut equals to 3148,02 m3, while the volume of fill equals to 296,93 m3, with total required volume of gravel reaches 444,8 m3.

Abstract Background Dental resin-based composites are widely recognized for their aesthetic appeal and adhesive properties, which make them integral to modern restorative dentistry. Despite their advantages, adhesion and biomechanical performance challenges persist, necessitating innovative strategies for improvement. This study addressed the challenges associated with adhesion and biomechanical properties in dental resin-based composites by employing molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Methods Molecular docking assesses the binding energies and provides valuable insights into the interactions between monomers, fillers, and coupling agents. This investigation prioritizes SiO2 and TRIS, considering their consistent influence. Molecular dynamics simulations, executed with the Forcite module and COMPASS II force field, extend the analysis to the mechanical properties of dental composite complexes. The simulations encompassed energy minimization, controlled NVT and NPT ensemble simulations, and equilibration stages. Notably, the molecular dynamics simulations spanned a duration of 50 ns. Results SiO2 and TRIS consistently emerged as influential components, showcasing their versatility in promoting solid interactions. A correlation matrix underscores the significant roles of van der Waals and desolvation energies in determining the overall binding energy. Molecular dynamics simulations provide in-depth insights into the mechanical properties of dental composite complexes. HEMA-SiO2-TRIS excelled in stiffness, BisGMA-SiO2-TRIS prevailed in terms of flexural strength, and EBPADMA-SiO2-TRIS offered a balanced combination of mechanical properties. Conclusion These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing dental composites tailored to diverse clinical requirements. While EBPADMA-SiO2-TRIS demonstrates distinct strengths, this study emphasizes the need for further research. Future investigations should validate the computational findings experimentally and assess the material's response to dynamic environmental factors.

The shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) signifies a substantial transformation in automotive technology and consumer preferences. This study investigates the multifaceted factors influencing Indonesian consumers' purchase intentions towards EVs by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with additional variables: Environmental Knowledge (EK), Intolerance of Uncertainty (IoU), and Financial Incentive Policies (FIP). Employing a quantitative approach, data from 220 respondents were collected through an online survey and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicate that Attitude (AT), Subjective Norms (SN), FIP, and EK significantly and positively correlate with Purchase Intention (PI), while Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) exerts no significant influence. Conversely, IoU demonstrates a significant negative association with PI. Furthermore, AT mediates the relationships between EK, IoU, and PI. These insights offer valuable contributions to academic discourse and provide practical guidance for policymakers, marketers, and industry stakeholders seeking to accelerate EV adoption through informed strategies and supportive policies.

In the past decade, the concept of dyadic coping as a buffer against stress in romantic relationships has received much attention in Western countries, but it has rarely been studied in non-Western countries and among parents with school-aged children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moderating effect of dyadic coping on the link between financial strain and marital satisfaction, as well as the mediating effect of marital satisfaction on the relationship between financial strain and quality of life. There were 751 heterosexual couples whose eldest child aged 7–12 years in West Java, Indonesia (mean age husband = 37.53 SD = 5.09; mean age wife = 34.42 SD = 4.85) fulfilled the paper and pencil questionnaires in the study. The moderated mediated model illustrated that (1) greater levels of dyadic coping weakened the negative association between financial strain and marital satisfaction for husbands and for wives (2) for both husbands and wives, there were no mediation effect (3) for both husbands and wives, financial strain was negatively associated with quality of life; and marital satisfaction was positively associated with quality of life. We discuss both the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

In Indonesia, packaged instant coffee plays a significant role in contemporary society. This has resulted in the emergence of new customs and trends within the beverage industry. Luwak White Koffie is evidence of the existence of white instant ground coffee, a new coffee variety in Indonesia. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of customer satisfaction, brand trust, and brand ambassadors on Luwak White Koffie's customer loyalty in Surabaya. The study's population consisted of individuals residing in Surabaya. A total of 91 respondents from the Surabaya City region who had purchased and consumed Luwak White Koffie products constituted the sample. The study methodology employed is quantitative, and sampling strategies include both purposive and non-probability sampling. The Smart-PLS test instrument is used in this study. The findings of the study demonstrate that Brand Ambassadors significantly and favorably impact Customer Loyalty. Furthermore, Customer Loyalty is positively and significantly impacted by Customer Satisfaction, and the same case with Customer Loyalty towards Brand Trust.

In the era of digital development, beauty, and personal care e-commerce has gained significant popularity among the public. SOCO by Sociolla is one of the beauty e-commerce platforms in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to investigate the connection between perceived value and e-service quality and customer satisfaction among users of the SOCO by Sociolla application in Surabaya. The quantitive method is employed in this research. The population of this study is the people of Surabaya. The sample of this research was selected using purposive sampling to select individuals who met specific criteria. These criteria included downloading the SOCO by Sociolla application, actively using it by making purchases, and having a history of at least two separate purchases. Ultimately, the study included 91 respondents who met these criteria. The research utilized Smart PLS software as the analysis tool. This study’s conclusions demonstrate that among Surabaya City users of the SOCO by Sociolla, perceived value and e-service quality have a positive significant influence on customer satisfaction.

The coffee connoisseur index is rising by around 8% annually. Alongside the proliferation of coffee shops, the amount of plastic waste from packaging is also on the rise. Fore Coffee is innovating by using eco-friendly packaging to protect the environment. However, this does not guarantee an increase in Fore Coffee sales. One of Fore's strategies to boost sales is to create a unique and distinctive store atmosphere that sets it apart from other coffee shops. This study aims to examine the effect of green packaging and store atmosphere on consumer purchase intention. The research methodology employed is quantitative in nature. The study encompasses the population of Surabaya City residents. A non-probability sampling method, specifically purposive sampling, is utilized to select a sample of 96 respondents who identify as patrons of local coffee shops and are aware of Fore Coffee's environmentally friendly product concept. Smart-PLS version 3 serves as the statistical tool employed in this research. The findings of the study reveal that green packaging exerts a significantly positive impact on purchase intention, while store atmosphere also exhibits a significantly positive influence on purchase intention.

Increasing and changing customer demand every day requires companies to be more detailed in planning strategies to increase sales every day, characterized by the need to produce relevant reports, every company must have the ability to do this. However, so far the bookkeeping of sales of goods at Malco Fashion Store still uses a manual system that is written in a ledger. Malco Fashion shop owners cannot know the amount of goods to be provided for the next period. Therefore, the utilization of a sales forecasting system will greatly assist the store in processing data and transactions regarding sales. Because with the data related to the sale of goods from the previous period, it can conclude or predict the sales volume in the coming period. Therefore, the utilization of a sales forecasting system will greatly assist stores in data processing and transactions regarding sales. Because with the data related to the sale of goods from the previous period can conclude or predict the sales volume in the coming period. Accurate predictions in the sale of goods can be achieved using the least squares method or Least Square method based on historical data on sales of goods for the last few months. This method was chosen because it is the most commonly used method to determine the similarity of data trends. With the Least Square Method at Malco Fashion store can help in forecasting sales of goods in the next period accurately and quickly so that business owners can predict stock of goods to minimize shortages of goods and reduce excess stock of goods

Abstract Background The EuroQol Group recently developed two new instruments, the EQ Health and Wellbeing (EQ-HWB) and the EQ Health and Wellbeing short version (EQ-HWB-S). The EQ-HWB and EQ-HWB-S are intended to capture a broad range of health and broader quality of life aspects, which may be relevant to general public members, patients, their families, social care users and informal carers. This study assesses the content validity of the Italian version of the two instruments in a sample of Italian patients, social care users and informal carers. Methods Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling approach. One-on-one interviews were carried out using video-conferencing interviews. A semi-structured topic guide was used to guide the interview procedures, with open-ended questions supplemented by probes. Participants were asked to explain important aspects of their health and quality of life, to complete the questionnaires and verbalize their thoughts. Results Twenty participants comprising of patients (n = 9), informal carers (n = 6), and members of the general public (n = 5) participated to the study. Content validity was summarized into six main themes: comprehension, interpretation, acceptability, relevance, response options and recall period. All participants found the instruments easy or quite easy to understand and to respond to. Items were relevant for all three groups of participants, and response options appropriate. Conclusions The Italian version of the EQ-HWB showed content validity in measuring health and wellbeing in a mixed Italian population.

The urban development increase in the built-up areas leads to more impervious areas with the consequence of larger runoff. Undeniably, this excess water has many benefits. Low-impact development (LID) is one of the innovations to conserve wasted runoff water. The two LID scenarios (water storage – WS; infiltration – I) under different rainfall depths (20, 25, 30, 35 mm) are assessed using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and analyzed based on their benefit–cost. This study aims to evaluate the hydrological performance and the benefit–cost ratio to identify the optimal LID design. The benefit calculation is not only projected by runoff reduction aspects, but also the other opportunities aspects. Based on the hydrological performance, scenario I shows a higher runoff reduction performance than scenario WS. Based on the benefits aspects studied, scenario I provides greater benefits with more cost than the WS scenario. Rainfall depth influenced the life cycle cost with 20-mm WS scenario experiencing faster payback period than other scenarios. HIGHLIGHTS Scenario infiltration excels in reducing runoff, particularly in low rainfall conditions.; Scenario water storage with 20-mm rainfall depth offers the best cost-effectiveness, but sensitivity to costs and discount rate emphasized.;

Indonesia banned nickel ore exports to assert sovereignty over natural resources, boost nickel product value, and boost the economy. This strategy increased Indonesia’s influence in global trade negotiations, showed autonomy, and ensured long-term advantages. The policy prioritises domestic nickel derivative production to increase nickel product value and industry self-sufficiency. Nickel is used in Indonesia’s diplomatic and economic efforts to increase its influence on world politics and trade. The analysis explores the decision by Indonesia to implement an export ban on unprocessed nickel ore illustrates a strategic synthesis of economic nationalism and political sovereignty. This policy, vigorously promoted by President Jokowi, aligns with the broader vision to bolster Indonesia’s economic competitiveness and achieve self-sufficiency by enhancing the domestic nickel processing industry. Utilizing its substantial nickel reserves, Indonesia not only seeks to strengthen its economic position but also to assert its sovereignty in global affairs, potentially shaping international nickel market dynamics. This policy serves dual purposes: it addresses domestic economic goals and strategically positions Indonesia as an influential player in the global nickel market. Monitoring the outcomes of this policy will be crucial in understanding its impacts on Indonesia’s economy and its relations on the international stage, ensuring that the country maximizes benefits from its natural resources.

Penelitian ini dilakukan di kecamatan palu selatan kota palu, Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa masyarakat di kantor Kecamatan Palu Selatan yang mengeluhkan tentang dokumen yang belum bisa diambil karena belum ditandatangani Camat. Hal ini memberi asumsi kepada peneliti tentang kedisiplinan Camat dalam melaksanakan tugas. Apakah Camat jarang datang ke kantor sehingga ada masyarakat yang mengeluh?. Faktor inilah yang mendasari penelitian tentang kinerja Camat di Kecamatan Palu Selatan menjadi relevan dan penting untuk dilakukan serta diharapkan dapat ditemukan gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai kinerja Camat dalam melaksanakan program Pembangunan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana Kinerja Camat Dalam Implementasi Program Pembangunan Di Kecamatan Palu Selatan Kota Palu, menggunakan teori kinerja Suyadi Prawirosentono, dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja Camat Palu Selatan dalam implementasi program pembangunan di wilayahnya dapat berjalan baik berdasarkan teori yang di gunakan yaitu Efektifitas dan efisiensi, dibuktikan dengan kemampuannya memberikan sumbangsih nyata yang terstrukstur, terkontrol dan terawasi dengan baik. Otoritas dan tanggung jawab, dilihat dengan tercapainya Renstra Kecamatan sesuai kewenangannya. Disiplin, terbukti dengan datang dan meninggalkan kantor tepat waktu (kecuali ada hal mendesak seperti pekerjaan diluar kantor), saat jam kerja beliau serius mengerjakan pekerjaan dan dapat diselesaikan tepat waktu. Inisiatif, ditunjukkan dengan inovasi dan kreatifitas, dibuktikan dengan ikut dalam kelancaran kegiatan Inovasi Pelangi 2022.

The development of a digital marketing-based business model at the Kurdut Garage Workshop in Pematangsiantar has a very important urgency in facing the ever-growing era of digitalization. The method used in implementing this activity is through lectures and FGD (group discussion forum). The stages of implementing this event include explaining the fundamentals of being an entrepreneur, explaining several problems that entrepreneurs often face, then continuing with discussions related to developing new businesses. After the service activities are completed, follow-up interviews are conducted regarding the impact of implementing the service activities. By the results of the interview, it is known that the understanding of Kurdut Garage Workshop business owners regarding knowledge of the use of digital marketing has increased by 90%. The use of digital media is useful and can increase understanding and skills for partners. Therefore, it is recommended that sustainable methods of mentoring partners can be used as a solution to increase business size and also function as a means of company adaptation to increase business scale.

The mandatory carbon reduction guidelines and regulations in Indonesia encourage all industrial sectors particularly the petroleum industry to implement decarbonization programs by systematically reducing carbon emissions as part of climate action. Unlike existing carbon emission studies in the petroleum industry, the literature lacks studies on the decarbonization patterns. In addition, the effectiveness of carbon mitigation in the upstream oil and gas field has not been studied so far. This study developed short panel data models to understand the current decarbonization efforts and patterns during 2015–2018. The results indicate that the considered variables are significantly impactful in carbon reduction with different coefficient patterns. It is suggested to associate decarbonization with oil and gas production and highlight energy efficiency optimization to stabilize production. The impact of financial, human, and administrative resources on the supporting facility is critical for executing sustainable carbon mitigation projects.

The UB Forest Buntoro area is a biodiversity conservation zone that has the potential to be developed into a tourist forest, so it is planned to build a drainage channel in each section of the road to overcome the runoff that occurs. This research aims to describe an example of the application of BIM in construction planning for drainage channels. In this study, drainage channel planning was done using AutoCAD Civil 3D and Storm and Sanitary Analysis (SSA) software. The AutoCAD Civil 3D application is used to create a road route for which drainage channels are planned, and the SSA is used to analyze the hydrology and hydraulics of the drainage channel. Based on Building Information Modeling findings, the optimal drainage channel design yielded channel dimensions of 0.4 m × 0.4 m. The main channels (RC (Right Channel) and LC (Left Channel)) are planned to use gabion material, while the culverts are planned to use u-ditch material and a construction planning cost of 1.571.818.500,00 IDR. This study intends to give an example of how Building Information Modeling (BIM) is applied in Indonesia, particularly in the area of water resources. It does this by utilizing AutoCAD Civil 3D and SSA programs to design drainage channels.

Objectives. The Brief Reason for Living Inventory for Adolescents (BRFL-A) is used to assess protective factors against suicide in non-clinical settings. This study aimed to validate the psychometric properties of BRFL-A in Bahasa Indonesia. Methods. A total of 728 high-school and university students filled BRFL-A questionnaire and the results were analyzed. The reliability, content, convergent, discriminant, and factorial or construct validity, were investigated using content validity index Cronbach’s Alpha, while content validity index (CVI), confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson product-moment correlation were assesed with MSPSS, SIS, INQ-15, and DASS-18. Results. The results showed that the Indonesian version of BRFL-A had good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, as well as content and concurrent validity, supporting both the 1-factor and the 5-factor model of factorial validity. Conclusions. The Indonesian version of the BRFL-A was valid and reliable to measure protective factors against suicide risk among adolescents and young adults in non-clinical settings.

This study explored the image transformation of Busan, South Korea, from an industrial hub to a globally recognized City of Film. By employing a paradiplomacy framework, the research examined how Busan utilized BIFF as both a cultural event and a strategic tool for international diplomacy, economic development, and city branding. This qualitative research focused on gathering data largely through a comprehensive evaluation of scientific literature, including books and papers relevant to the case study. The analyses delved into the evolution of the BIFF event and its significant role in rebranding Busan from a declining industrial city to the first "City of Film" in Asia, a title bestowed by UNESCO. The study highlighted how the festival had successfully stimulated local economic growth, bolstered creative industries, and facilitated cultural exchange. The result demonstrated that BIFF had been pivotal in repositioning Busan as a significant player in the international film industry and a vibrant cultural destination. In conclusion, Busan's status as Asia's "City of Film" should be sustained, and the ongoing significance of integrating cultural initiatives with wider urban development strategies should also be emphasized.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as business units in the community's economic activities must survive in the global economy. The demand in the dynamics of the global economy is the presence of sustainable products following the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a circular economy. It is necessary to strengthen the capacity of MSMEs to produce sustainable products to survive, especially in the global market with a circular economy that is economically and environmentally beneficial. This study and community service was conducted at one of the MSMEs in Agam, West Sumatra, named Kejulasi. Using the literature study method, field observation, and direct dialogue with the business owner, concluded that Kejulasi is still in the process of producing sustainable products. Beyond investment and technology, Kejulasi requires intervention from the government and academia despite the structural barriers arising from international agreements on trade liberalization. In conclusion, a more extensive initiative from the producer and social groups is needed, especially in forming cooperatives, digitalizing cooperatives, and cooperative-based dairy industry ecosystems that enable them to produce sustainable products and survive in the dynamics of the global economy.